1、A(2017合肥市高三第一次质检)Many young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time. But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to anot
2、her continent? It is a sad reality that people dont realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.Think of the most typical American girl you know.Is she blondehaired with white skin and light blue eyes，and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the
3、heart of Africa，where beauty is placed on what you can control.The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are，and how stylish their piercings(穿孔) are.This tribes culture is to be a brave fighter，so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong.If you dont look
4、fierce，you are not beautiful.Other countries like North Korea and South Korea have their own unique views on beauty.In an interview，a woman who has lived in both North Korea and South Korea claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife.She says that wome
5、n in North Korea are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense.She says they did have a time when big eyes were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery.This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture.But dont you think the idea of
6、getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy?1What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?AInconsistent.BReasonable.CUnusual. DSimilar.2The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes_.Agetting dirty is stylishBlooking fierce is beautifulCstron
7、g people cut their skinDAmerican girls love shopping3According to the woman interviewed，women in North Korea now_.Acare a lot about their appearanceBput the beauty of eyes in the first placeCpay great attention to their abilityDare crazy about double eyelid surgery4What does the text mainly tell us?
8、AInner beauty is of great importance.BIdeas of beauty vary among culture groups.CDifferent ways are needed to admire true beauty.DFashion magazines easily influence young people.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了不同群体的文化差异使得人们对美的观点不尽相同。1解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years，and s
9、uddenly being ugly after moving to another continent？”可知，许多年里，你都被认为是美丽的，当你搬到另一个大陆时突然会被认为是难看的。由此可知美会随着地点的不同发生变化，因此此处指人们没有意识到不同国家的人对美的观点是不一致的。inconsistent“不一致的”；reasonable“合理的”；unusual“不寻常的”；similar“相似的”。2解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段的“If you dont look fierce，you are not beautiful”可知，肯尼亚的Maasai部落认为看起来凶猛就是美丽的。3解析：
10、选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife”可知，朝鲜的女性现在更加关注她们成为好女人和好妻子的能力。4解析：选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段的“It is a sad reality that people dont realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.”可知，不同国家的人对美的观点是不同的，即不同的文化群
11、体对美的观点不尽相同。B(2017郑州高中毕业班第一次质检)It seems that technology could be changing the places where we live.A project conducted by Johann Siau，a senior lecturer at the University of Hertfordshires School of Engineering and Technology, has built on the universitys InterHome project aimed to create a home that
12、supervises people living at home who are weak or elderly.“Weve developed a wristband type of device (装置)，”said Johann Siau，“which allows us to monitor the condition of an elderly person，or whoever is wearing the device.It allows us to collect data of a person to see if the person has fallen or is aw
13、ay from where they are supposed to be.It connects an elderly person with an assisted living type of device with the InterHome.”The assisted living project is part of the universitys wider InterHome project，which is the development of a smart house.The house stores the usage patterns of the person li
14、ving there and can adapt to making it use as little energy as possible.Connecting the two together and building the service element(元素) allow us to introduce the assisted living idea to care for the elderly. Its very important that these technologies are there to help and support rather than to repl
15、ace any of the existing services.The InterHome is not just a prototype(雏形) or a vehicle for research. Its a study tool to help students from different scientific backgrounds learn about and develop technology.The InterHome combines the latest broadband technology，mobile data and communication.Resear
16、chers and students make sure that all the technology works together.Students get experience by developing new hardware and software themselves. It requires a variety of skills from studentselectronic engineers，computer students，design students and so on.“The present plan we are working on is a smart
17、 home project in Watford with some commercial companies，”said Johann Siau.“We are looking at how a smarter home can provide extra value services.”5The underlined word “supervises” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_”Awatches overBgives support toCdirects Dcomforts6What is the InterHome project intended
18、 to do?ACall on the students to care for old people.BProvide better care and services for the elderly.CCarry out all the work the existing services do.DDevelop houses that mainly aim to save energy.7What can we learn about the InterHome project from the article?AIt is a large collection of many exis
19、ting technologies.BIt is just a platform to help students to do research work.CIt is a smart home project developed by different universities.DIt allows students to put into use and try out what theyve learned.8What is the main purpose of the author in writing this article?ATo build up a new platfor
20、m for students to develop new technology.BTo show how future buildings will change elderly peoples way of life.CTo describe a new project that aims to develop a smart home for the elderly.DTo introduce a new kind of technology to help people to enjoy a better life.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了一个旨在为居家老弱人士服务的智能屋项目5解析
21、：选A。词义猜测题。根据文章第二段的“allows us to monitor the condition of an elderly person，or whoever is wearing the device”，并结合画线词所在句子的语境可推知，supervise，monitor，watch over同义。6解析：选B。目的意图题。根据第一段的“InterHome project aimed to create a home that supervises people living at home who are weak or elderly.”和第二段的倒数第二句“Connecti
22、ng the two together and building the service element(元素).to care for the elderly”可知，这个项目旨在为老年人提供护理和服务。A项错在号召学生去护理老年人，根据第三段内容可知，这个项目给学生提供了一个很好的研究机会；C项错在完成现存的服务可以做的所有工作，根据文章第二段的“these technologies are there to help and support rather than to replace any of the existing services.”可知，这个项目是对现存服务提供支持和帮助的，
23、而不是执行；根据第二段的“The house stores the usage patterns of the person living there and can adapt to making it use as little energy as possible”可知，这个项目在操作中尽可能地节约能源，而不是本项目的目的，故排除D项。7解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段的第二句“Its a study tool to help students from different scientific backgrounds learn about and develop technolo
24、gy.”可推知，这一项目有利于学生学习和开发技术。8解析：选C。写作意图题。根据第一段的第二句“A project.has built on the universitys InterHome project aimed to create a home that supervises people living at home who are weak or elderly”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了一个旨在为居家老弱人士服务的智能屋项目。C(2017云南毕业班统一检测)My doorbell rings at 11 am.On the step，I find an elderly Ch
25、inese lady.She is small and slight.She holds a paper carrier bag in her hands.I know this lady.It is by no means her first visit.Her daughter，Nicole，bought the house next door last October.Nicole，who is currently in Shanghai，has apparently told her mother that I am having heart surgery shortly，and t
26、he result is that her mother has decided I need to be supplied with meals.I know what is inside the paper carrier baga stainless steel container with a meal of rice, vegetables and either chicken，meat or shrimp. This has become an almostdaily occurrence.Communication between my benefactor(恩人) and me
27、 is somewhat handicapped by the fact that she doesnt speak English and all I can say in Mandarin is “hello”Once，she brought an iPad and pointed to the screen，which displayed a message from Nicole telling me that her mother wanted to know if the food was all right.“Your mother just cant be bringing m
28、e meals like this all the time，”I protested.“I can hardly reciprocate by cooking something from my native land，like roast beef or Yorkshire pudding for her，”I said.“Oh，no，”Nicole said.“Dont worry about that.She has to cook for the family anyway，and she wants to do it for you.You can call her Wing，wh
29、ich is her surname.”The tenant in my basement suite is a university student who speaks Mandarin quite well，so with her help，I have found out that Wing is 6813 years younger than I am.For my part，I was raised in wartime Britain.So here we are，two grandmothers a world away from where we were raised，ne
30、ither of us able to speak the others language.But the doorbell keeps ringing and there is the familiar paper carrier bag，handed smilingly to me by Wing.Right now I am working on some more Mandarin wordsits the least I can do after such a display of kindness.“Thank you” is，of course，the first one，whi
31、ch somehow seems inadequate.9. The author and Wing got to know each other_.Aas next door neighborsBwhen exchanging mealsCby sharing similar experiencesDafter using an iPad to communicate10. The underlined word “reciprocate” in Paragraph 5 probably means“_”Ado as well Boffer generouslyCgive in return
32、 Daccept with pleasure11The authors effort to learn Mandarin shows her_.Agreat satisfaction Breal kindnessCheartfelt thanks Dsincere friendship【解题导语】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者与邻居之间的故事，邻居是一位来自中国的老太太，对作者非常关照。9解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段的前三句“I know this lady.Her daughter，Nicole，bought the house next door last October”可知，作者与
33、这位老太太是邻居。所以A项正确。10解析：选C。词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句中的“Your mother just cant be bringing me meals like this all the time”可知，作者认为老太太一直对自己那么好，而自己只是做一些本国的食物，是几乎不能回报她的。C项意为“回报”，故选C。11解析：选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“its the least I can do after such a display of kindness”可知，作者认为学习中文是为了感谢老太太对自己的好。A项意为“极大的满足”；B项意为“真正的友善”；C项意为“衷心的
34、感谢”；D项意为“真诚的友谊”。D(2017兰州高考诊断考试)We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively.We achieve it actively by direct experience，by testing and proving an idea，or by reasoning.We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else.Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the
35、kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive.Conditioned as we are to passive learning，its not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and coworkers.Unfortunately，passive learning has a serious problem.It makes us tend to accept wha
36、t we are told even when it is little more than hearsay (传闻) and rumor.Did you ever play the game Rumor？It begins when one person writes down a message but doesnt show it to anyone.Then the person whispers it，word for word，to another person.That person，in turn，whispers it to still another，and so on，t
37、hrough all the people playing the game.The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it.Then the two written statements are compared. Typically，the original message has changed.Thats what happens in daily life.The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words c
38、hanges the story.Then，too，most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story，trying to improve on it，stamping it with their own personal style.Yet those who hear it think they know.This process is also found among scholars and authors：A statement of opinions by
39、 one writer may be restated as the fact by another，who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue，unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.12According to the
40、 passage，active learning may occur in_.Areading scientific journalsBlistening to the teacher in classCdoing a chemical experimentDwatching news programmes on TV13What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?Aclassroom BnewspaperCactive learning Dpassive learning14The game Rumor is ment
41、ioned in Paragraph 4 in order to tell readers that_.Aplaying games can make people more activeBpeople tend to like telling lies when playing gamesCa message may be changed when being passed onDpeople may have problems with their sense of hearing15What can be inferred from the text?AScholars and auth
42、ors cant be trusted.BPassive learning may not be reliable.CPeople like spreading rumor in daily life.DActive learning is more important than passive learning.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了被动学习所产生的负面作用，即引发谣言。12解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“We achieve it actively by direct experience，by testing and proving an idea，or by reason
43、ing.”并结合选项可推知，做化学实验属于主动学习，故选C。根据第二段第二句“Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive.”可知，看科学期刊、听老师讲课或者在电视上看新闻节目都属于被动学习，故排除A、B和D。13解析：选D。代词指代题。根据第二段的整体内容，尤其是关键词passively可推知，本段主要讲的是被动学习；再结合第二段最后一句可推知，it指的是本段
44、的核心话题passive learning。故选D。14解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story.”可推知，第四段讲述谣言游戏是为了告诉人们信息在传递的过程中会发生改变，初始信息与最终信息甚至有时候会差异很大，于是谣言就产生了。A项错在玩游戏会让人们更积极，文章中并没有提到；B项错在人们在玩游戏时喜欢撒谎，第四段讲的不是撒谎，而是信息在传递中发生了改变；D项错在人们听觉有问题，人们在听的过程中有了自己的理解，并不是听力障碍，故排除。15
45、解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay(传闻)and rumor.”和最后几段的整体内容可推知，被动学习可能不是那么可靠，以至于有了传闻或谣言的产生，故选B。A项错在学者们和作者们不可信，文章最后一段只是说这种以讹传讹的现象也存在于学术界，但这并不意味着学者们和作者们不可信；C项错在人们喜欢传播谣言，文章中只是解释了谣言是如何产生的，并没有提到人们喜欢传播谣言；D项错在主动学习比被动学习更重要，文章中并未提到两者的比较，故排除。【难句分析】Conditioned as we are to passive learning，its not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and coworkers.分析：本句是一个复合句。as意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，表语前置，句子倒装；句中逗号后的第一个it作形式主语，代替由that引导的主语从句。译文：尽管我们习惯于被动学习，但是我们在日常与朋友和同事的交流中依赖于被动学习一点儿都不惊奇。
