1、达标检测单句语法填空1(2020新高考卷)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or _walking (walk)through a rainforest. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处与living是并列成分，共同做imagine的宾补，imagin
2、e sb doing sth. “想象某人做某事”。故填walking。2(2020新课标卷)Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change-4 _to find (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。3(2020浙江卷)Later，they learned to work with the sea
3、sons，planting at the right time and，in dry areas, _making (make)use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，make所处的分句中无主语，故此处需用非谓语动词。make use of和逻辑主语they之间表示“主动”关系。所以此处用现在分词形式(doing)形式做状语。故填making。4(2020浙江卷)Agriculture gave people the
4、ir first experience of the power of technology _to change (change)lives. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式表示目的。故填to change。5(2020天津卷改编) _To help (help)us prepare for the exam, the teacher suggested reading through our notes. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助我们准备考试，老师建议通
5、读我们的笔记。分析句子结构可知，老师建议我们诵读笔记是“为了”帮助我们准备考试。故表目的，应用动词不定式。故填To help。6(2020新课标卷)They represent the earth _coming (come) back to life and best wishes for new beginnings. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语动词。名词earth与come back to之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填coming。7(2019全国I卷)Scientists ha
6、ve responded by _noting (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据其前介词by可知，此处用动名词主动形式。故填noting。8(2019全国卷)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _being (be) Br
7、itains oldest full-time employeestill working 40 hours a week. 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词for后跟动词时，应用其-ing形式作宾语。故填being。9(2019浙江卷)But some students didnt want _to wear (wear) the uniform. 解析： 考查非谓语动词作宾语。句意：但是，有一些学生不想穿学生服。want to do sth. “想要做某事”，这是want的固定用法。故填to wear。10(2018浙江卷)I still remember _visiting (visit) a
8、 friend whod lived here for five years and I was shocked when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time. 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用remember doing sth. 。故填visiting。11(2018全国卷)You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _dying (die) early by running. 解析：考查动名
9、词。句意：你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处of是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。12(2018全国卷)Once his message was delivered, he allowed me _to stay (stay)and watch. 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb. to do“允许某人做某事”，应该用to stay。13(全国卷)In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air c
10、ondition” a house without _using (use) electric equipment. 解析：介词without之后的动词要用动名词形式。14(2019全国卷)On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _to get (get)there. 解析：考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wondering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get，作主语代替形式主语it。15
11、(2019天津卷) _Learning (learn) to think critically is an important skill todays children will need for the future. 解析：考查动名词。句意：学会批判性思维是当代小孩未来所必需的重要技能。句子缺少主语成分，而过去分词、动词都不可以作主语。此处用动名词作主语。故填learning。16(2018全国卷)I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt fee
12、l _challenged (challenge). 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。17(2019全国卷)When we got a call _saying (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据其后所接的宾语从句可知，此处用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容，call与say是主动关系。故填saying。18(全国卷)But my connection with
13、 pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter _permitted (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 解析：因为句中已有谓语动词was，故此处要用非谓语动词形式。因permit与reporter之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式作后置定语。19(四川)For 25 days, she never
14、 left her baby, not even to find something _to eat (eat)!解析：不定式to eat作定语，修饰前面的不定代词something。句意：25天中，她寸步不离她的孩子，甚至不去找东西吃！20(全国卷)Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 解析：句中已有谓语动词arranges，故应考
15、虑此处填非谓语动词。由于live与其所修饰的名词people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式作定语。故填living。21(全国卷)A study of travelers _conducted (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 解析：句意：TripAdvisor网站进行的一项对于旅行者的调查把阳朔列为世界十佳旅游目的地之一。根据句意和句子结构可知，study与conduct构成逻辑上的被动关系，故此处应该使
16、用过去分词作定语，修饰名词study。故填conducted。22(2019全国卷)On the last day of our week-long stay，we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， _listening (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals. 解析：考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以本题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听
17、音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式。故空格处填listening。23(2019北京卷)Nervously _facing (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to myself the two simple words “Be yourself”. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“做你自己”。分析句式可知，此处是做句子的状语，要用非谓语动词，其逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语
18、之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填facing。24(2019江苏卷) _To enjoy (enjoy) the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 解析：考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。句意：为了享受数字支付的方便，很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。故填不定式To enjoy。25(2018全国卷)You dont have to run fast or for long _to see (see)the benefit. 解析：考查不定式作目的状语。句意
19、：你不必跑得太快或时间太长就能看到它的好处。此处不定式作目的状语。故填to see。26(2018全国卷)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice _to improve (improve) water quality. 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了改善水质政府鼓励农民种植玉米而不是大米。没有连词连接且谓语动词是encourages，故improve应该用非谓语动词。此处表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。27(全国卷)The Chinese have used chopsticks for f
20、ive thousand years. People probably cooked their food in large pots, _using (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it. 解析：第二句中已有谓语cooked，且无其他连词，use与句主语存在主动关系，故填现在分词形式using作方式状语。28(2019全国I卷)Modern methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _to perform
21、 (perform) consistently over a large area. 解析：考查非谓语动词。主系表结构之后，常用不定式作原因等状语，句意：跟踪北极熊的现代方法只是在二十世纪八十年代以来开始采用，并且在如此大区域内持续采用是昂贵的。故此处用to perform。29(全国卷)When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _to cool (cool) the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm
22、 up again for the night. 解析：“形容词enough动词不定式”为常用句式。单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1(2020新课标卷)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook. _frying改为fried 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将frying改为fried。2(2020新课标卷)My mom told me how to preparing it. _prep
23、aring改为prepare 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我妈妈告诉我如何准备这道菜。分析句子可知，“how不定式”作told的宾语，to是不定式符号，后应接动词原形，故将preparing改为prepare。3(2020新课标卷)I tell my mom that if were forced eat things, we may become ill. _forced 后面加to 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我告诉我妈妈，如果我们被迫吃东西，我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth. 被迫做某事，所以forced 后面加to。4(2018全国卷)My grandpa sai
24、d last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish. _sellselling 解析：考查动名词。去年夏天他们通过卖鱼挣了一大笔钱。此处介词by后用动名词，故用selling。5(全国卷)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables!_students后加to 解析：invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事。6(2019全国卷)Now my dream is to opens a cafe. _opens改为 o
25、pen 解析：考查不定式的用法。不定式作表语，to后用动词原形。故把opens改为open。7(全国卷)In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, which is on the rooftop of their house. _interestinginterested 解析：interesting意为“有趣的”，多指事物； interested意为：“感兴趣的”，多指人。该句的主语是they，故用interested作表语。be interested in意为“对感兴趣”
26、。8(新课标全国)Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, which might not be served until 8 oclock at night. _HaveHaving 解析：分析句式结构可知句子的主语应为Have tea in the late afternoon这部分，动词原形不能作句子的主语，所以应该用动名词形式作主语。9(全国卷)We can choose between staying at home and take a trip. _taketaking 解
27、析：此处为between and 结构，连接动名词短语作宾语，故此处也要用动名词形式，与前面保持一致。10(浙江)The position of the classroom with its view made me felt like I was dreaming. _feltfeel 解析：make后跟复合宾语，当宾补为动词且与宾语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系时，用动词原形。11(2019全国I卷)All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. _sa
28、y改为saying 解析：考查现在分词。本句句意：操场上所有的足球运动员大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。句中谓语动词为cheered，say在这里作伴随状语。与主语players是主动关系，故将say改为saying。12(2018全国卷)Everyone was silent, wait to see who would be called upon to read his or her paragraph aloud. _waitwaiting 解析：考查非谓语动词。根据句子成分分析，本句有谓语为was，而且没有连词，与主语是主动关系，所以wait 要用非谓语waiting，表伴随。13(陕西卷
29、)I might have to retire again next year just get some more of these biscuits. _just后加to 解析：句意：我也许明年得再退休一次，只是为了能得到更多的饼干。故此处用动词不定式表示目的。14(全国卷)The instructor kept repeating the words, “Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！”_TurningTurn 解析：根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个属于并列结构，都是祈使句，都以动词原形开头。15(四川卷)Weve been spend
30、ing a lot of time sing in karaoke bars. _singsinging 解析：spend time(in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事，为固定搭配。语法填空Poetry is never far away from our daily life. Many of us grew up 1. _reciting (recite) classic poems, learning 2. _to enjoy (enjoy) this beautiful art form that is able to use just a few lines 3. _to
31、convey (convey) such rich meanings. The Book of Songs， 4. _dating (date) back to the Western Zhou dynasty, has a longer history than the Homeric epics. Even today, classic poems are appreciated by a lot of people. 5. _To recognize (recognize) the unique ability of poetry and capture its creative spi
32、rit, World Poetry Day is held by the United Nations on March 21 each year 6. _to support (support) linguistic diversity through poetic expression. Chinese Poetry Conference 7. _featuring (feature) classic poetry is extremely popular. The competition saw over 100 participants 8. _taking (take) part i
33、n a number of challenges. The participants, whose ages ranged from 7 to 70, included students, farmers, teachers and foreign competitors with an interest in Chinese literature. And even TV series involving poetry are very successful. For example，in Empresses in the Palace (甄嬛传), one of the drama s m
34、ost 9. _moving (move)songs was adapted from a poem 10. _written (write) by Wen Tingyun of the Tang dynasty. 文章大意：本文简单介绍了中国古典诗歌和现在的中国诗词大会。解析：1考查现在分词作伴随状语。句子主语Many of us和recite在逻辑上是主动关系。故用现在分词reciting。2考查不定式用法。learn to do 表示“学会做某事”。故填to enjoy。3考查不定式作目的状语。能够用几行诗句表达如此丰富的意思。use sth. to do sth. “用某物做某事”。故
35、填to convey。4考查现在分词作定语。句意：起源于西周时期的诗经的历史要比荷马史诗更悠久。根据语境，故填dating。5动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了认识到诗歌的独特能力故填To recognize作目的状语。6动词不定式作目的状语。根据语境此填to support，意为“为了支持”。7考查非谓语动词。句意：以古典诗歌为特色的中国诗词大会特别受欢迎。设空处是非谓语动词作定语，与其修饰的名词是逻辑上的主动关系，故用v. -ing形式。因此答案为featuring。8现在分词作宾语补足语。宾语100 participants是take的逻辑主语，表主动关系。故填taking。9现在分词作定
36、语。moving表示“令人感动的”。故答案为moving。10考查非谓语动词作定语。改编自唐朝诗人温庭筠写的一首诗。设空处作定语的非谓语动词written与其中心词poem表动宾关系。故填written。短文改错Recently our school website has set up a new column calling “English Corner”. The column makes it convenient for us students to posting our ideas and experiences. It also offers us opportunities
37、 communicate witheach other in English, which helps to get our writing ability improving. The column covered a wide variety of topic，such asnews, sports, life, entertainment and many other linksabout famous people around the world. To our delighted,we can get online instruction from much teachers. I
38、t isfrom teachers online guidance that benefits us a lot. Whoever posts the most informations will be rewarded. We like the column very much. 答案：Recently our school website has set up a new column “English Corner”. The column makes it convenient for us students to our ideas and experiences. It also
39、offers us opportunities communicate witheach other in English, which helps to get our writing ability . The column a wide variety of ，such asnews, sports, life, entertainment and many other linksabout famous people around the world. To our ，we can get online instruction from teachers. It is from tea
40、chers online guidance that benefits us a lot. Whoever posts the most will be rewarded. We like the column very much. . 增分写作训练非谓语动词在写作中的运用可以让阅卷老师眼前一亮。请利用非谓语动词升级以下句式1The Mid-Autumn Festival is approaching. Id like to invite you to celebrate it with my family. (利用with复合结构升级)_With the Mid-Autumn Festiva
41、l approaching, Id like to invite you to celebrate it with my family._ 2When we saw the bikes in rows on the pavement, we really felt excited. (利用分词作状语升级)_Seeing the bikes in rows on the pavement, we really felt excited._ 3The family name is shared by billions of Chinese, and has the same pronunciation as yours. (利用分词作定语升级)_The family name shared by billions of Chinese has the same pronunciation as yours._
