1、限时训练(十五).阅读理解A话题：学习诗歌难度：I began writing poems fifteen years ago while I was in college.One day I was in the library，working on a term paper，when I came across a book of contemporary poetry.I dont remember the title of the book or any of the titles of the poems except one: “Frankensteins Daughter.” T
2、he poem was wild，almost rude，and nothing like the rhyme-and-meter poetry I had read in high school.I had always thought that poetry was flowery writing about sunsets and walks on the beach，but that library book contained direct and sometimes shocking poetry about dogs，junked cars，rundown houses，and
3、TVs.I checked the book out，curious to read more.Soon afterward，I started filling a notebook with my own poems.At first I was scared，partly because my poetry teacher，to whom this book is written，was a serious and strict man who could see the errors in my poems.Also，I realized the seriousness of my de
4、votion.I gave up geography to study poetry，which a good many friends said offered no future.I ignored them because I liked working with words，using them to reconstruct the past，which has always been a source of poetry for me.When I first studied poetry，I was single-minded.I woke to poetry and went t
5、o bed with poetry.I memorized poems and read English poets because I was told they would help shape my poems，and I read classical Chinese poetry because I was told that it would add clarity to my work.But I was most taken by the Spanish and Latin American poets，particularly Pablo Neruda.My favorites
6、 of his were the odes-long，short-lined poems celebrating common things like tomatoes，socks and scissors.I felt joyful when I read these odes，and when I began to write my own poems，I tried to remain faithful to the common things of my childhooddogs，alleys(小巷)，my baseball mitt(手套) and the fruit of the
7、 valley，especially the orange.I wanted to give these things life，to write so well that my poems would express their beauty.I also admired our own countrys poetry.I saw that our poets often wrote about places where they grew up or places that impressed them deeply.James Wright wrote about Ohio and We
8、st Virginia，Philip Levine about Detroit，Gary Snyder about the Sierra Nevadas and about Japan，where for years he studied Zen Buddhism (禅宗佛教).I decided to write about the San Joaquin Valley，where my hometown，Fresno，is located.Some of my poems are absolute observations and images of naturethe orange ya
9、rds，the Kings River，the Sequoias(红杉).I fell in love with the valley，both its ugliness and its beauty，and quietly wrote poems about it to share with others.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，作者从图书馆看到一本新的诗歌引入话题，详细介绍了自己学习诗歌的经历以及自己所喜欢的一些诗人和诗歌。1.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.The authors experiences with poetry.B.T
10、he authors method of writing poetry.C.The authors appreciation of poetry.D.The authors interest in studying poetry.答案A解析主旨大意题。本文是一篇记叙文，作者从第一段中在图书馆看到一本新的诗歌引入话题，详细介绍了自己学习诗歌的经历以及自己所喜欢的一些诗人和诗歌。并没有涉及作者的写诗手法、对诗歌的欣赏等，故A项正确。2.From the first paragraph，we can learn that .A.“Frankensteins Daughter” was a flowe
11、ry poetryB.the author was able to memorize most poems he readC.the author began to get in contact with poetry of different stylesD.the author was curious to read more of rhyme-and-meter poetry答案C解析推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The poem was wild，almost rude，and nothing like the rhyme-and-meter poetry I had read in h
12、igh school.”及最后一句“I checked the book out，curious to read more.”可知作者开始接触不同类型的诗歌了，故C项正确。3.Which of the following would the author most probably write about in his poem?A.Moving love stories in history.B.Observations of classical poems.C.True feelings of human friendship.D.Appreciation of wild valley f
13、lowers.答案D解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“I fell in love with the valley，both its ugliness and its beauty，and quietly wrote poems about it to share with others.”可知，作者非常喜欢这个山谷，接下来要写的内容应该是与山谷相关的内容即可。故D项正确。4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.The authors friends all encouraged him to give up ge
14、ography to poetry.B.The author became devoted to poetry because of his teachers strictness.C.The author loved to find sources of poetry from nature and from the past.D.Spanish and Latin American poems influenced the author as much as Chinese ones.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“I ignored them because I liked w
15、orking with words，using them to reconstruct the past，which has always been a source of poetry for me.”可知，作者经常从过去的事情里寻找诗歌创作的源泉；再根据文章倒数第二句“Some of my poems are absolute observations and images of naturethe orange yards，the Kings River，the Sequoias (红杉).”可知，大自然也是作者诗歌的源泉之一，故C项正确。B话题：T恤衫难度：A T-shirt that
16、 constantly monitors the hearts activity and detects abnormalities could help protect people against stroke.The T-shirt，which can be washed up to 35 times before it needs replacing，has been developed to improve the detection of dangerous heart conditions like atrial fibrillation(心房颤动)，which causes a
17、n irregular heart rhythm and raises the risk of stroke.At least one million people in Britain are known to have this condition; however，its estimated that at least another 500,000 have it but havent yet been diagnosed because they have no obvious symptoms.Some will have symptoms such as chest pain，d
18、izziness and fatigue; but a large number of people have no idea theyre ill until they suffer a stroke.Detecting atrial fibrillation involves carrying out an ECG(心电图).Conventional ECGs are done in a hospital and involve highly trained teams of staff attaching up to 24 separate electrodes(电极) to diffe
19、rent parts of the body to measure electrical signals.But most patients experience abnormal rhythms only intermittently(间歇地).This means the chance of picking them up during a short hospital check is slim.Doctors sometimes issue patients with a device called a Holter monitor to wear under their clothe
20、s to try to pick up cardiac(心脏的) problems.This is an electronic box which clips onto your waistband and is connected to a series of electrodes worn on the upper part of your body.But the box itself is quite bulky，hard to hide beneath clothing and involves a dozen or more wires being attached to the
21、patients chest.The Cardioskin T-shirt，which is made from cotton，could be a much more convenient alternative and can be worn 24 hours a daymeaning it is more likely to pick up any abnormal rhythms in the patients heart.It has 15 tiny electrodes woven into the material which are strategically placed a
22、round the chest area to track the electrical signals from the heart as they travel across the main part of your body.The electrodes are powered by a battery which can be removed easily when you need to wash the T-shirt and feed results to a microchip which then sends them out wirelessly to an app.Th
23、is converts(转换) the data into an easy-to-read chart showing if the heart rate is abnormal.The results are shared with the patients doctor so they can check the patients heart without having to call them into the hospital.Martin Cowie，a professor of cardiology at Imperial College London，said，“Cardios
24、kin could be an important development for cardiologists.”语篇解读这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一件能持续监控心脏活动并检测异常的T恤衫，并着重介绍了它给人们带来的益处。5.How many British people are having dangerous heart conditions according to the text?A.Less than 0.5 million.B.Less than 1 million.C.At least 1.5 million.D.At least 2 million.答案C解析细节理解题。根据
25、第二段第一句可知，英国至少有一百万人患有这种疾病；然而，估计至少还有五十万人患有此病，但由于没有明显的症状，还没有被诊断出来。所以根据本文，至少有150万英国人患有危险的心脏疾病。故C选项正确。6.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?A.The difficulty in detecting atrial fibrillation.B.The benefit of detecting atrial fibrillation.C.The process of detecting atrial fibrillation.D.The future of dete
26、cting atrial fibrillation.答案A解析段落大意题。根据第三段内容，尤其是其最后两句可知，但是大多数患者只是间歇性地出现异常节律。这意味着在短期医院检测中检查出它的机率微乎其微。所以判断出第三段的大意为检测心房颤动的困难。故A选项正确。7.Why did the author mention a Holter monitor in the text?A.To show how convenient the Cardioskin T-shirt is.B.To introduce a way to check the patients heart.C.To encourag
27、e people to care about their health.D.To explain why doctors like using the device.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句以及第五段首句可知，Holter监护仪是一个体积很大的盒子，很难藏在衣服下面，并且有十几根或更多的电线连接到病人的胸部。然而 Cardioskin T恤衫由棉花制成，是一种更方便的选择，可以一天24小时穿着这意味着它更有可能捕捉到患者心脏的任何异常节律。所以判断出作者在文中提到了Holter监护仪的目的就是为了展示这件Cardioskin T恤衫有多方便。故A选项正确。8.What can
28、we learn about the Cardioskin T-shirt?A.It has a battery that can be charged easily and quickly.B.It can be worn a month without being washed.C.It has electrodes placed all over the T-shirt.D.It can speed up the process of diagnosis.答案D解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知， 电极由一个电池供电，当你需要清洗T恤并将结果输入微芯片，微芯片会将结果无线发送给一个应
29、用程序时，电池很容易被移除。这转换将数据整理成易于阅读的图表，显示心率是否异常。将结果与病人的医生分享，这样他们就可以检查病人的心脏，而不必叫他们去医院。所以判断Cardioskin T恤衫对病人来说有很大的益处，它加速了诊断的过程。故D选项正确。C话题：忙碌的人难度：Up and down the economic ladder，many Americans who workand especially those raising kidsare pressed for time，wishing they had more of it to devote to leisure activit
30、ies(or even just sleeping).At the same time，research has indicated that people who are busy tend to be happier than those who are idle，whether their busyness is purposeful or not.A research paper released late last year investigated this trade-off，attempting to pinpoint(精确指出) how much leisure time i
31、s best.Its authors examined the relationship between the amount of “discretionary time” people hadbasically，how much time people spend awake and doing what they wantand how pleased they were with their lives.The paper，which analyzed data covering about 35,000 Americans，found that employed peoples ra
32、tings of their satisfaction with life peaked when they had in the neighborhood of two and a half hours of free time a day.For people who didnt work，the optimal(最佳) amount was four hours and 45 minutes.The research traced a correlation(关联) between free time and life satisfaction，but didnt provide any
33、 definitive(最后的) insight into what underlies that correlation“which is exciting，because this is a work in progress，” says Cassie Mogilner Holmes，a professor at UCLAs Anderson School of Management and a co-author of the paper，which hasnt yet been peer-reviewed or published in an academic journal.An e
34、xperiment that the researchers arranged hinted at (暗示) a possible explanation of the correlation they found.They asked participants to picture and describe what it would be like to have a certain amount of daily free time，and then report how theyd feel about that allotment(分配).“What we find is that
35、having too little time makes people feel stressed，and maybe thats obvious，” says Holmes.“But interestingly，that effect goes awaythe role of stress goes awayonce you approach the optimal point.”After that point，Holmes says，the subjects started to say they felt less productive overall，which could expl
36、ain why having a lot of free time can feel like having too much free time.Its not clear what an individual is to do with these findings，since the amount of free time people have usually has something to do with a variety of factors，such as having children or a degree of control over work schedules.H
37、olmes shared her research with the MBA students in her class on happiness，and some of the most time-crunched among them were comforted by the findings：“I think that two and a half hours creates a nice goal that even if you increase a little bit more of your discretionary time use，you can expect that
38、 it will translate into greater life satisfaction.”语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了研究发现忙碌的人往往比闲着的人生活满意度更高，所需要的休闲时间更少，研究者对这一研究对人们的影响持积极的态度。9.According to the passage，what happens to Americans occupied with their work?A.They allow themselves more leisure time.B.They keep themselves busy on purpose.C.They know how muc
39、h leisure time is best.D.They experience higher level of satisfaction.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“research has indicated that people who are busy tend to be happier than those who are idle，whether their busyness is purposeful or not”可知，研究表明，忙碌的人往往比闲着的人更快乐，也就是说忙于工作的美国人的生活满意度更高，故D项正确。10.What can be learned abo
40、ut the correlation between free time and life satisfaction?A.Researchers have cast light on the cause of the correlation.B.Unemployed people need more leisure time to feel content.C.The paper on the correlation has achieved peer recognition.D.Employed people enjoy more leisure time in the neighborho
41、od.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，有工作的人满意的休息时间是两个半小时，而不工作的人满意的休息时间则是4小时45分钟，也就是说不工作的人需要更多的休闲时间来感到满足，故B项正确。11.Which of the following charts illustrates the change of stress and productivity?答案D解析推理判断题。根据第五段最后三句“What we find is that having too little time makes people feel stressed. felt less productive overall
42、.”可知，时间太少会有压力，一旦你达到最佳状态，压力的作用就消失了，在那之后，受试者开始说他们总体上感觉效率较低，D项与这个状态变化相吻合。12.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that .A.Holmes is optimistic about the influence of her findingsB.individuals are encouraged to control their work schedulesC.people with tight schedules cant benefit from the findings
43、D.the MBA students find no free time to obtain life satisfaction答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Holmes shared her research with the MBA.into greater life satisfaction.”可知，Holmes将这个研究成果分享给了她的学生，很多时间比较紧迫的学生得到了安慰，并且她说“我认为两个半小时能创造出一个很好的目标，即使你只增加一点自由支配的时间，你也可以期望它能转化为更大的生活满意度”，也由此可以看出她对研究结果的影响的态度是很积极的， 故A项正确。.任务型阅读话题
44、：高效工作和生活难度：With a few simple habit changes，you can save yourself a lot of time and energy.The act of switching between tasks wastes a lot of extra energy.When a task is something that you are not used to doing，you have to mentally convince yourself that you have to do it，which is even harder.Thats w
45、hy，once you have started，you should drive that effort to completion.Visual clutter(视觉混乱) competes for your attention，therefore，you need to keep your workstation as clutter-free as possible.Of course，youll need certain things such as books，reports，or cups of coffee to keep you on point，but if your de
46、sk is filled with paid and unpaid bills，pictures，and piles of papers you havent read in months，you will get distracted.If you want to make the most of your lifewith plenty of time to do the things you enjoy，you must come to terms with a plan that works for you.You can start by making a list of proje
47、cts that need your attention.Use your list to classify the projects and sub-tasks by importance，and keep reminding yourself that you wont be able to get all of them done in a day.Plan on doing no more than three main activities today，depending on how time-consuming(耗时的) they are，and then pick up whe
48、re you left off tomorrow.Also，make sure your days contain a couple of activities you really enjoy doing.Everyone has a list of tasks they have to get done but dont like doing.Furthermore，the longer you wait to start，the longer youll have the stress of not doing it.For those difficult tasks，you can f
49、orce yourself to do them by rewarding yourself with something you truly enjoy.The secret is to put off that wonderful reward until you are done with the task.Its a powerful force.You simply cant concentrate as well when part of your brain is worrying about something.But its not always easy to get wo
50、rries out of your mind，especially when what you need to do stresses you out.But you can control the way you think about things.If you let your mind start thinking about the worry instead of what you need to do at the time，nothing will get done，which ultimately just adds to the stress.A break can hel
51、p you clear your mind，leaving you energized and ready to work again.Whether its waiting in line at the doctors office，sitting in traffic，or folding clothes at home，youll always have “dead time”.You dont need to be 100 percent productive every minute of your day，but you can definitely use time wisely
52、 that would be otherwise wasted.Use the strategies above to become a more efficient person today，so that you can accomplish all you need to do and still have time for yourself too.How to 13. time and energyFocus until completionIt needs much 14. to start a task，so you are advised not to switch betwe
53、en tasks.Create a simple workstationToo many 15. things at your workstation will prevent you from devoting yourself to your work.Make a suitable planList what you have to do and classify them according to 16. .You neednt finish all the tasks in a day.Remember to plan something for yourself every day
54、 that you truly 17. .Use 18. to inspire yourselfWe all have to do something we hate to do，and putting it off will only make us more 19. .Its a good idea to do something you like after you have finished a difficult task.Remove needless worriesIf you want to be as efficient as possible,20. on what you
55、 need to do instead of the needless worries.You can take a break when you feel overly worried.Take advantage of waiting timeRemember that waiting time does not need to be 21. time.ConclusionYou need to 22. finishing your tasks and enjoying yourself.13.答案save解析根据第一段内容可知用原词save。14.答案energy解析根据第二段第一句“T
56、he act of switching between tasks wastes a lot of extra energy.”可知填energy。15.答案unnecessary解析根据第三段第一句中的“keep your workstation as clutter-free as possible”和其最后一句中的“paid and unpaid bills，pictures，and piles of papers you havent read in months”可知，这些东西都不是工作必需的，故填unnecessary。16.答案importance解析根据第四段第三句中的“Use
57、 your list to classify the projects and sub-tasks by importance”可知填importance。17.答案enjoy/like解析根据第四段最后一句“Also，make sure your days contain a couple of activities you really enjoy doing.”可知填enjoy/like。18.答案reward(s)解析根据第五段第三句中的“you can force yourself to do them by rewarding yourself with something you
58、 truly enjoy”可知，是通过奖励自己来激励自己做不喜欢的工作，填名词形式reward(s)。19.答案stressed/pressured解析根据第五段第二句“Furthermore，the longer you wait to start，the longer youll have the stress of not doing it.”可知工作越拖，压力越大，填形容词形式stressed/pressured，make sb.adj.使某人。20.答案concentrate/focus解析根据第六段第一句“You simply cant concentrate as well wh
59、en part of your brain is worrying about something.”可知，当你担心某件事的时候，你根本无法集中注意力。故填concentrate/focus，concentrate/focus on sth.集中于，专注于某事。21.答案wasted解析根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“but you can definitely use time wisely that would be otherwise wasted”可知填wasted。22.答案balance解析根据最后一段可知，要想做个高效的人，就需要在完成工作和享受生活之间做好平衡。故填balance。