1、课时提能练(七).阅读理解A(湖北省2020年高三4月调研考试)Many people believe that there is one form of their language that is more correct than others. For example, they may believe that British English is more correct than other varieties；or that written English is more correct than spoken English; or that standard spoken
2、forms are more correct than dialect forms. Often this belief is supported by reference books on grammar, usage guides or dictionaries：If something goes against a rule in a grammar, or if the word isnt in the dictionary, it “must be wrong”. Since the reference books are often based on observation of
3、the standard written language, the_argument_is_really_circular: These books will naturally describe standard usage, because that is what they are for; but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usage less often described.A better way of looking at things is to say that u
4、sage is “correct in its place”. Standard American English is correct in America, British English is correct in Britain, spoken grammar is accepted in casual speeches, and formal written grammar is employed in formal writing. The only forms that are wrong in all contexts (语境) are learners errors. For
5、 example, “I have forgetting the your address.” or “One of your chairs are broken.” This means there is no answer to the question：“What kind of English should learners study？” It depends on their purposes. For many learners, the best model is British or American English. Neither of these is “better”
6、 than the other, and they are both used and understood worldwide.People are also worried about language change.If younger people “break” the rules that older people have learned, or use language in new ways, older people often feel disturbed: They are concerned that younger people no longer know the
7、ir grammar，and that the language is going downhill. This is a needless worry: Change is natural and inevitable;it cannot be stopped, and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool. A great deal of modern English grammar would have been wrong three hundred years ago,
8、and will perhaps be wrong again three hundred years from now.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了不同的语境决定了不同的语言使用方法，所以作者认为，没有所谓“一定正确”和“一定错误”的语言。同时我们也不必担心语言的发展变化，它通常不会影响语言作为交流工具的有效性。许多现代英语语法在三百年前是错的，也许三百年后又变成错的。1What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?ALearners are always confused about the reference books.
9、BUsages not mentioned in the reference books are not necessarily wrong.CNobody can challenge the authority of the reference books.DSome wrong usages can be found in the reference books.B句意猜测题。根据第一段中的“but this does not mean that there is anything wrong with other kinds of usage less often described”可
10、知，作者认为这些参考书自然会描述标准用法，但这并不意味着参考书中未提及的用法一定是错的。故选B项。2What is the main idea of Paragraph 2?AThere is no “standard English”BAmerican English is better than British English.CA learner should master all the distinctions of different English.DThere are differences between British English and American Englis
11、h.A主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“A better way of looking at things is to say that usage iscorrect in its placeStandard American English is correct in America，British English is correct in Britain.”可知，作者认为不存在所谓“标准英语”。学习者应该学什么样的英语？这个问题没有答案。所以本段主要说的是没有“标准英语”。故选A项。3The underlined word in Paragraph 3 can be most probabl
12、y replaced with _.AunbelievableBuncountableCunacceptableDunavoidableD词义猜测题。根据最后一段画线词后的“it cannot be stopped”可知，此处是说，语言变化是自然和不可避免的，它不能被阻止，也通常不会影响语言作为一种交流工具的效率。所以画线词应意为“不可避免的”，与unavoidable意义相近。故选D项。4What is the authors attitude toward the changes of English?ADisturbed.BCautious.COptimistic.DAggressive
13、.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“People are also worried about language change.”和“This is a needless worry：Change is natural and inevitable；it cannot be stopped，and it does not generally affect a languages efficiency as a communicative tool.”可推知，作者对于英语的变化是持乐观态度的。故选C项。B(广东省深圳市2020年普通高中三年级统一测试)One day after more than
14、 a month of classes, I read aloud a paragraph from my book，recognizing all of the characters smoothly except one. I sat back and started to register a sense of achievement: I was actually reading Chinese. The language was starting to make sense. But before the sense of satisfaction was half formed，T
15、eacher Liao said, “Budui！”It meant, literally, “Not correct.”You could also translate it as “no” “wrong” “nope” “uhuh” and “flatly and clearly incorrect”. There were many Chinese words that I didnt know，but I knew that one well.A voice in my head whined “All of the rest of them were right；isnt that
16、worth something？”But for Teacher Liao it didnt work like that. If one character was wrong, it was simply budui.“Whats this word？” I asked, pointing at the character I had missed.“Zhethe zhe in Zhejiang.”“The third tone？”“The fourth tone.”I breathed deeply and read the section again, and this time I
17、did it perfectly. That was a victoryI turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said (or at least I imagined them saying )“How do you like me now？” There seemed to be some satisfaction in her eyes, but she simply said, “Read the next one.”It was her way of teaching.Success was expected and failure was crit
18、icized and immediately corrected.You were right or you were budui；there was no middle ground.I grew to hate budui. The bu was a rising tone and the dui dropped abruptly, just as my confidence was built and then it broke down all at once.And it bothered me all the more because I knew that Teacher Lia
19、o was only telling the truth：Everything I did with the language was budui. I was an adult, and as an adult I should be able to accept criticism where it was needed. But that wasnt the American way；I wanted to be praised for my effort；I didnt mind criticism as long as it was candycoated. For Teacher
20、Liao, the single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it: Keep working; you havent achieved anything yet.And so I worked harder. I was frustrated but I was also stubborn; I was determined to show Teacher Liao that I was dui.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者在学习汉语时遇到了一位汉语老师，她的教授方式不
21、同于美国人的教授方式，由此引发了作者的一番感想。5Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “whined” in Paragraph 3?ABurst out.BGave in.CReturned.DComplained.D词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“All of the rest of them were right；isnt that worth something？”可知，作者脑海中的声音是：其他汉字都读对了，难道这不值一提吗？由此可知，此处应是作者的抱怨，故选D项。6What did the author
22、expect from Teacher Liao after he tried again?AImmediate correction.BA new challenge.CAn encouraging response.DA strict comment.C推理判断题。根据第八段中的“. I turned to Teacher Liao and my eyes said (or at least I imagined them saying)How do you like me now？”可知，作者这一次读对了，于是转向廖老师，眼神似乎在说“现在你觉得我怎么样？”，由此可知，作者希望得到老师的
23、赞扬，故选C项。7How did the author feel about Teacher Liaos way of teaching?ACandycoated.BWeaknessfocused.CInterestdriven.DCriticismabsent.B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“For Teacher Liao，the single B on the report card matters much more than all the As that surround it：Keep working；you havent achieved anything yet.”可知，对
24、于廖老师来说，成绩单中的一个B比所有的A更重要。由此可知，作者认为廖老师的教授方式是强调不足。故选B项。8What can we infer from the text?AThe author was struggling with Liaos teaching.BThe American way of teaching is better for adults.CThe author was not gifted in language learning.DTeacher Liao was not friendly to her students.A推理判断题。根据文中所描述的作者期待受到老
25、师的表扬却没有得到，作者对比廖老师的教授方式和美国人的教授方式，以及最后一段中的“I was frustrated”可知，作者在廖老师的教授方式下感受到了挫败。由此可推知，作者吃力地适应着廖老师的教授方式。故选A项。CWatching kids cartoons can be an effective way to learn a language. The basic plot lines of kids cartoons are fairly simple and the characters speak more slowly, and the dialog is typically s
26、tandard and casual. Here are four worldwide popular kids cartoons which may help you with your language learning.Peppa PigPeppa Pig, the pink piggy, has gained worldwide popularity. There are even videos showing an American child speaking in a British accent to her mom after watching the popular car
27、toon.The SimpsonsThe Simpsons in the 90s was smart, culturally savvy(有见识的), and unbelievably entertaining TV about an average American family. At its height, no showanimated or otherwisecould reach The Simpsons greatness. From the cleverness of “Marge vs. the Monorail” to everything Lisa Simpson eve
28、r said, The Simpsons was fearless and gamechanging television.Once Upon a TimeOnce Upon a Time is a French educational animation, created by Procidis.There are seven series, each focusing on different aspects of knowledge. These are mostly historical, focusing on the overall history of mankind or sp
29、ecified historical fields, such as the lives and achievements of the explorers or inventors.Sazae sanSazaesan is more than a kids show. Its a cultural institution, a national treasure and the longestrunning animated series in the world, ever!Its about a typical Japanese big family living together in
30、 Tokyo. The central character is an outspoken but somewhat clumsy woman in her early 20s, living with her husband, son, father, mother, brother and sister all under one roof.All of the characters are colorful and funny, and all are named after fish!【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述看儿童动画片可能是学习语言的有效途径。本文主要介绍了四部动画片，
31、可以帮助外语学习者很好地学习外语。9Why does the American girl speak in a British accent?AShe was born and brought up in Britain.BPeppa Pig has strongly influenced her.CThe British accent is popular in America.DShe wants to make fun of her mother.B细节理解题。根据Peppa Pig部分第二句“There are even videos showing an American child
32、 speaking in a British accent to her mom after watching the popular cartoon.”可知，一位美国的小女孩看过动画片小猪佩奇后用英国口音和她母亲说话，是因为这部动画片对她影响很大。故选B项。10What will a fan of history choose to watch?APeppa Pig.BThe Simpsons.COnce Upon a Time.DSazaesan.C细节理解题。根据Once Upon a Time部分的“These are mostly historical，focusing on the
33、 overall history of mankind or specified historical fields”可知，历史爱好者可能会选择观看曾几何时(Once Upon a Time)，因为这一动画系列的大部分内容是关于历史的，故选C项。11What can you learn about Sazaesan from the text?AIt is about an average American family.BIt is noted for its long playing time.CIt is a wellreceived French cartoon.DIt include
34、s seven different series.B细节理解题。根据Sazaesan部分的“Its a cultural institution，a national treasure and the longestrunning animated series in the world，ever！”可知，它是世界上播出时间最长的一部动画片，故选B项。.阅读七选五(济南市2020年5月高三模拟考试)Its impossible to provide an exact number of words in English，since new words are being added to th
35、e dictionary, and falling out of use constantly. 1 The short answer is, about a million. Doubt you know anything even close to a million words? That number includes any number of legal, medical, scientific, and mechanical terms that most people will never meet in their daytoday lives. 2 The “million
36、” number also includes the many, many words that have fallen out of use throughout the time. 3 Consider the word “diddle”， a slang term from the 1700s that means “gin”Many English speakers would recognize “gin”，but far fewer would recognize “diddle”If a million words is the absolute upper level, how
37、 does that compare with the general vocabulary of most English speakers？ 4 Most Englishspeaking adults know between 20,000 and 30,000 words. And in addition to those many thousands of words，theyre probably able to comprehend a good 20,000 more just from context clues. 5 You wont find a single dictio
38、nary anywhere that includes close to the total million words. One of the reasons is that generalusage dictionaries dont include lots of technical termsboth because they are uncommon and, in some cases, because of length. The longest word in the English language is a term from chemistry that is used
39、to identify a certain kind of protein.It is 180,000 letters long. So you certainly wont see it in the dictionary.ABut whats the number?BMore than you might think!CThat doesnt amount to the whole lot, though!DThen, how many words are there in a dictionary?EWhile words like these are very uncommon, th
40、ey still count.FIf you recognize these uncommon words, we sadly no longer use them.GThough removed from the dictionary, they were still counted as English words.【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章围绕英语中有多少单词展开，解释了英语中大约一百万个单词的构成及我们很难找全的原因。1A考查承上启下句。根据下文答语“The short answer is，about a million”可知，空处应为问句，提问数量。故A项符合语境。2E考查细节支
41、撑句。根据前句可知很多专业词汇人们在日常生活中并不会遇到。故后句继续展开陈述，即使这些词汇不常见，但是它们仍然重要。3G考查细节支撑句。根据空前的“Themillion number.many words that have fallen out of use”可知，百万单词包含很多已经不再使用的单词。又根据设空后举的例子“gin”可知，这些词会被很多人认识。故这些不常用的词仍然被算入英语单词。4B考查细节支撑句。根据设空前的句子可知，一百万个单词绝对是需要很高的水平。但是这是不能与人们常用的词汇相比较的。又根据空后的“Most Englishspeaking adults know between 20,000 and 30,000 words.just from context clues”可知，尽管人们掌握的常用词达不到一百万那么多，但也不少，也是大家所想不到的。故选B。5D考查细节支撑句。根据设空后句可知一本词典不可能包括所有近百万的单词。故前句应为对一本词典中所包含单词数量进行发问。故选D。
