1、四必修2 Unit 4Cyberspace . 阅读理解A(2021重庆模拟)Say the phrase “female environmental pioneers, ” and among the names you will hear are Rachel Carson, who wrote pesticides; chimpanzee expert Jane Goodall; and 17-year-old climate-change activist Greta Thunberg. To mark Womens History Month, Kidspost is sharing
2、 the story of an environmental pioneer who is not that famous but equally remarkable. At age 3, Sylvia Earle found her lifelong passion while playing on a beach. A wave suddenly came up and knocked her over. “My mother. . . saw the big smile on my face and let me run back in, ” Earle told a TV inter
3、viewer years later. “And Ive been running back in ever since. ”Earle is now 84 years old and has spent a lifetime exploring the worlds oceans and working to protect them from pollution, overfishing and other threats. She is a pioneer in using scuba gear. Scuba gear lets divers take breath underwater
4、. She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1, 250 feet. This means she was not tied to anything when she was walking underwater. During this exploration, she planted a U. S. flag. In 1998, Time magazine gave Earle its first Heroes for the Planet award. She was
5、 the first female chief scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). It is the U. S. ocean and atmosphere group. She was also elected to the National Womens Hall of Fame. Earle has spent her life teaching people about the ocean. She notes how much it affects the weather,
6、and what we eat and drink. She has something to say to those who dont understand why the ocean matters. “They should know that with every breath they take, every drop of water they drink, the ocean is touching them, ” Earle says. “You should treat the ocean as if your life depends on it because it d
7、oes. ”【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了一位一生都致力于探索海洋、保护海洋的女性环保先锋Sylvia Earle, 她三岁时就发现了自己对于海洋的热爱, 并在保护海洋方面做出了杰出的贡献和成就。1998年, 时代杂志给了厄尔第一个行星英雄奖。她是美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的第一位女性首席科学家。她还入选了全国妇女名人堂。同时, 她提出了海洋对于人类的重要性。1. What does Earles lifelong passion refer to? A. Teaching people how to dive. B. Writing articles for maga
8、zines. C. Exploring and protecting oceans. D. Providing equipment for divers. 【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容可知, 3岁时, Sylvia Earle在沙滩上玩耍, 找到了她毕生的酷爱。根据文章第四段内容可知, Earle现年84岁, 她毕生都在探索世界上的海洋, 致力于保护海洋免受污染、过度捕捞和其他威胁。因此可知, 她酷爱的是探索和保护海洋。故选C项。2. What do we know about Earle from the text? A. Earle is a world record h
9、older. B. Earles mother is in support of her work. C. Earle is a remarkable British ocean explorer. D. Earle is the only female chief scientist at NOAA. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据文章第五段内容“She holds the world record for the deepest untethered walk on the ocean floor at 1, 250 feet. ”可知, 她还保持着在1 250英尺深的海底自由行走的世界纪
10、录。因此, 选项A. Earle is a world record holder. ( Earle是世界纪录保持者。)符合文意。故选A项。3. Which of the following words can best describe Earle? A. Brave and conservative. B. Devoted and courageous. C. Determined and rigid. D. Ambitious and modest. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据文章第四段和第五段内容可知, Earle现年84岁, 她毕生都在探索世界上的海洋, 致力于保护海洋免受污染、
11、过度捕捞和其他威胁。她是使用水下呼吸器的先驱。水下呼吸器让潜水员在水下呼吸。她还保持着在1 250英尺深的海底自由行走的世界纪录。这意味着她在水下行走时没有被任何东西束缚。可推知, 她一生都致力于海洋探索和海洋保护, 是一个有献身精神的人; 同时, 无束缚的情况之下在水下1 250英尺深的海底自由行走, 说明她是一个勇敢的人。选项B. Devoted and courageous. (有奉献精神且勇敢的)是对她的合理评价。故选B项。4. Which of the following statement will Earle agree with according to the text? A
12、. People should stop overfishing and eating seafood. B. The ocean plays a significant role in humans life. C. The weather has a far-reaching effect on the ocean. D. The exploration of the ocean can be done without limit. 【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容可知, 在她看来, 那些不明白海洋为何如此重要的人需要知道的是, 他们的每一次呼吸, 他们喝的每一滴水, 都是在
13、接触大海, 应该像自己的生命依赖于海洋一样对待海洋。因此可知, 她认为海洋对于人类来说是很重要的。故选B项。B(2021浙江模拟)When a corporation is formed, it issues stock (股票), which is sold or given to individuals. Ownership of stock entitles you to vote in the election of a corporations directors, so in theory holders of stock control the company. In pract
14、ice, however, in most large corporations, ownership is separated from control of the firm. Most stockholders have little input into the decisions a corporation makes. Instead, corporations are often controlled by their managers, who often run them for their own benefit as well as for the owners. The
15、 reason is that the owners control of management is limited. A large percent of most corporations stock is not even controlled by the owners; instead, is controlled by financial institutions such as mutual funds (financial institutions that invest individuals money for them) and by pension funds (fi
16、nancial institutions that hold peoples money for them until it is to be paid out to them upon their retirement). Thus, ownership of corporations is another step removed from individuals. Studies have shown that 80 percent of the largest 200 corporations in the US are essentially controlled by manage
17、rs and have little effective stockholder control. Why is the question of who controls a firm important? Because economic theory assumes the goal of business owners is to maximize profits, which would be true of corporations if stockholders made the decisions. Managers dont have the same motivation t
18、o maximize profits that owners do. Theres pressure on managers to maximize profits, but that pressure can often be weak or ineffective. An example of how firms deal with this problem involves stock options. Many companies give their managers stock optionsrights to buy stock at a low priceto encourag
19、e them to worry about the price of their companys stock. But these stock options dilute (稀释)the value of company ownership and decrease profits per share and can give managers an incentive (激励, 刺激)to overstate profits through accounting tricks, as happened at Enron, Xerox, and a number of other firm
20、s. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了一家公司是由谁控制的问题, 说明了公司通常是由管理者控制的, 管理者经营公司不仅是为了公司所有者的利益, 也是为了公司自身的利益, 以及公司主要通过股票期权来鼓励管理者实现利润最大化的现象。5. Why cant the stockholders control the company? A. Because they are separated from the managers. B. Because they have a little input in making decisions. C. Because they are limit
21、ed in the control of management. D. Because they are restricted to the ownership of the company. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句(相反, 公司通常是由管理者控制的, 管理者经营公司不仅是为了公司所有者的利益, 也是为了公司自身的利益。原因是所有者对管理的控制有限。)可知, 股东不能控制公司, 因为他们在管理控制方面是有限的。故选C。6. Which of the following statements is true of the ownership of corporations?
22、 A. Ownership is controlled by managers. B. Ownership is separated from control of the company. C. Ownership is removed from the stockholders. D. Ownership is controlled by financial institutions. 【解析】选B。 细节理解题。根据第一段中In practice, however, in most large corporations, ownership is separated from contr
23、ol of the firm. (然而, 实际上, 在大多数大公司中, 所有权和公司控制权是分开的。)可知, B选项“公司所有权与控制权分离”正确。故选B。7. What is used to encourage managers to maximize profits? A. Stock option. B. The right to own stock. C. Controlling power. D. Effective stockholder control. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段后半部分可知, 公司如何处理这一问题的一个例子涉及股票期权。许多公司给经理们提供股票期权
24、以低价购买股票的权利以促使他们担心公司股票的价格。但这些股票期权会稀释公司所有权的价值, 降低每股利润, 并会激励经理人通过会计技巧高估利润, 就像安然、施乐和其他一些公司所发生的那样。由此可知, 用股票期权来鼓励管理者实现利润最大化。故选A。8. What is the best title for the text? A. Who Controls Corporation? B. When Should the Stock Be Issued? C. Importance of Financial InstitutionsD. Stockholders and Managers【解析】选A
25、。 主旨大意题。文章主要解释了一家公司是由谁控制的问题, 说明了公司通常是由管理者控制的, 管理者经营公司不仅是为了公司所有者的利益, 也是为了公司自身的利益, 以及公司主要通过股票期权来鼓励管理者实现利润最大化的现象。由此可知, A选项“谁控制公司? ”最符合文章标题。故选A。 . 阅读填句(2021山东模拟)Choosing the right career can be hard. Many people graduate from school or college not knowing what to do with their lives, and get a job witho
26、ut really thinking about it. For some, things work out fine. 1 Your working life lasts an average of forty years, so its important to find a job you like and feel enthusiastic about. Luckily, there are many ways you can get help to do this. The Australian website, www. careersonline. com, compares c
27、hoosing a career with going to the movies. Before you see a movie, you find out what films are showing. 2 find out what jobs are available and what your options are. Next, decide which movie you like best; if youre not a romantic person, you wont want to see a love story. In other words, with your c
28、areer, you should decide which job will suit your personality. 3 Meanwhile, you should find out where the theater is before you go. With your career, you need to find information about where you can work, how much you will earn, and how to get a job in that profession. So, how do you start? Begin by
29、 asking yourself some questions. 4 Have you travel overseas? Do you have any extra certificates besides your degree, such as a first aid license, for example? Your physical state and build can also affect which jobs you can do. A person, for example, who is allergic to cats would probably never beco
30、me a veterinarian. Flight attendants, firefighters, and police officers have to be over a certain height, and be physically fit. 5 Are you outgoing and extroverted, or shy and introverted? If you like working alone, a job that requires lots of teamwork might not suit you. A. Your personality matters
31、, too. B. Finally, decide how to get movie tickets. C. The site suggests you do the same with your career. D. Choosing a career can take time and a lot of thought. E. Some jobs require you to have certain life experiences. F. But others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. G. When you kno
32、w you can work in your dream job, youll be glad. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。针对现在很多人找不到合适的工作的现象, 作者给读者推荐了一些可以在这方面提供帮助的方法。1. 【解析】选F。 上文For some, things work out fine. (对于一些人来说, 事情进展得很顺利)与F. But others often find themselves stuck in a job they hate. (但其他人常常发现自己被困在不喜欢的工作中)承接自然, 上下文构成明显的转折关系, some和others是关键词, 故选F项。2.
33、 【解析】选C。下文find out what jobs are available and what your options are. (查明现在有什么工作, 以及你的选择是什么)与C. The site suggests you do the same with your career. (这个网站建议你这样来处理你的职业)承接自然, 下文是对选项内容的解释, 故选C项。3. 【解析】选B。根据本段的结构, 尤其是上文的Before you see a movie(在你看电影前) 和Next, decide which movie you like best(然后, 决定你最喜欢哪部电影
34、)可知, 此处用B. Finally, decide how to get movie tickets. (最后, 决定你怎样买到电影票)符合陈述事情的发展顺序, 故选B项。4. 【解析】选E。 Have you travel overseas? Do you have any extra certificates besides your degree, such as a first aid license, for example? (你是否有旅外经历? 你是否有任何除学位之外的其他证书, 例如急救执照)与 E. Some jobs require you to have certain
35、 life experiences. (一些工作要求你有特定的生活经历)承接自然, 下文提到的内容就是一些工作所要求的特定的生活经历或技能, 故选E项。5. 【解析】选A。 下文Are you outgoing and extroverted, or shy and introverted? If you like working alone, a job that requires lots of teamwork might not suit you. (你是外向还是开朗, 是害羞还是内向? 如果你喜欢独自工作, 那么需要大量团队合作的工作可能不适合你)与A. Your personali
36、ty matters, too. (你的性格也很重要)承接自然, 下文提到的outgoing, extroverted, shy 和introverted都是一个人的性格, 故选A项。. 语法填空(2021广西模拟)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Kobe Bryant was a famous basketball player. His talent can 1. (see) not only on the court(球 场), but also in his writing. His book The Wizenard Series: Training
37、 Camp came 2. in March. The story is about the West Bottom Badgers, a youth basketball team. Its made up of five books, with each 3. (focus) on the story of one character: Rain, Twig, Cash, Peno and Lab. All of the kids on this team come from a poor neighborhood. No one 4. (have) faith(信心)in the kid
38、s to succeed, 5.things change after a new coach joins the team. After 6. (read) the book, we got to interview Bryant. He said, “I dont think I am going to be an author, but I often tell stories to my daughters. ”This is one of the 7. (reason) why he wrote his own book. The book is based on parts of
39、Bryants real-life experience, 8. (especial) when he played for the Los Angeles Lakers. Bryant had two different jersey(球衣)numbers8 and 24during his career. 9. number 24 means you need to work hard 24 hours a day 10. (succeed). 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科比出版过的一套篮球主题的丛书, 在采访中, 他表示写书的一个原因是经常给女儿讲故事, 书中的内容部分源于他
40、的真实经历。1. 【解析】be seen。考查被动语态。句意: 他在球场上的天赋有目共睹, 而写作上也是极具天赋。分析句子可知, 这里see和主语talent之间是被动关系(人们看到天赋, 天赋被看到), 要用被动语态。故填be seen。2. 【解析】out。考查固定短语。句意: 他的书巫兹纳德系列: 训练营在三月出版了。come out意为“出版, 发行”, 符合语境。故填out。3. 【解析】focusing/focused。考查非谓语动词。句意: 该系列共有五本书, 每一本都聚焦于一个角色的故事。分析句子可知, 这里是“with+名词(代词)+非谓语动词”的复合结构, 非谓语动词的形式
41、取决于其与主语each(book)逻辑上的关系。可以认为是主谓关系(each book focuses on the story), 此时要用现在分词形式; 也可以认为是动宾关系(writer focuses each book on the story), 此时要用过去分词形式。故填focusing/focused。4. 【解析】has。考查主谓一致。句意: 这些孩子都没有信心成功, 但在一位新教练加入后, 这一切都改变了。这里是介绍书本内容, 用一般现在时, 而主语No one不定代词, 要视为第三人称单数, 此时谓语动词也要使用第三人称单数形式。故填has。5. 【解析】but。考查连词
42、。句意: 这些孩子都没有信心成功, 但在一位新教练加入后, 这一切都改变了。句意上不难分析出, 前后句存在转折关系, 要用表转折的连词but。故填but。6. 【解析】reading。考查非谓语动词。句意: 在读过这本书后, 我们采访了科比。这里read作介词after后的宾语, 要用-ing形式。故填reading。7. 【解析】reasons。考查固定用法。句意: 这就是他创作自己的书的原因之一。“one of+可数名词复数形式”表示“之一”。故填reasons。8. 【解析】especially。考查副词。句意: 这本书部分建立于科比自己的真实生活经历, 尤其是他给洛杉矶湖人队打球那段时
43、间。分析句子结构可知, 这里设空处修饰整个时间状语从句, 要用副词形式。故填especially。9. 【解析】The。考查冠词。句意: 24号意味着你需要每天努力奋斗24个小时, 以取得成功。number 24在前句中已经提到, 表特指, 要用定冠词the, 句子第一个单词的首字母大写。故填The。10. 【解析】to succeed。考查非谓语动词。句意: 24号意味着你需要每天努力奋斗24个小时, 以取得成功。分析句子可知, 这里设空处作目的状语, 要用动词不定式。故填to succeed。 . 阅读理解(2021重庆模拟)Cryonics is the practice of cool
44、ing dead organic tissue. This is used on humans or animals that have recently died. The hope is to bring them back to life in the near future. By law, it can only be performed on humans after they are legally dead. Many scientists and doctors think cryonics is totally morally unacceptable. However,
45、there are also many who support cryonics. Supporters of cryonics hope that future technology will improve. Molecular technology is especially hoped to reverse (逆转) the early stages of clinical death. It is hoped that this will enable the repair of tissue on a very tiny level. It could also allow dam
46、aged tissues and organs to regenerate. They also assume that disease and aging will one day be reversible. These supporters want to store the memory and identity from the brain of people who have recently died. Cryonics attempts to do this by using liquid that preserves the brain. If this is done be
47、fore cooling, it will prevent injury. This cooling liquid saves the fine cell structures of the brain where memory and identity exist. Critics of cryonics think this process is a waste of time and money. They base their opinions on the current level of science. It is true that cells, tissues, blood
48、vessels, and some small animal organs can be reversibly preserved. Some frogs can even survive for a few months in a partially frozen state if they are kept a few degrees above freezing. But this is not true cryopreservation. There is no proof that the identity and memory of a person can be restored
49、 after death has occurred. Critics also think that if it were possible to bring dead people back to life, it would cause many social problems. Critics worry it would cause a huge overpopulation problem. Many also think trying to reverse death is immoral because it is against the will of their God. 【
50、文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了人体冷冻技术的支持者和批判者对该技术的看法。1. What can we know about cryonics from Paragraph 1? A. Cryonics is used before peoples death. B. All scientists arent in favor of the use of cryonics. C. Laws forbid the use of cryonics on legally dead people. D. Cryonics tries to cool dead organic tissue b
51、y using liquid. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段的Many scientists and doctors think cryonics is totally morally unacceptable. However, there are also many who support cryonics. (很多科学家和医生认为人体冷冻在道德上完全不可接受。然而也有许多人支持冷冻)可知, 并非所有的科学家和医生都赞成人体冷冻。故选B项。2. What does the underlined word “regenerate” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Co
52、py. B. Return. C. Freeze. D. Regrow. 【解析】选D。 词义猜测题。根据第二段后三句可知, 人们希望它可以在一个非常小的水平上修复组织。它也可以让受损的组织和器官 。他们还假设疾病和衰老在将来的某天可逆。根据句子结构可知, 画线部分的意思在词义和感情色彩上应和repair, reversible保持一致, 再结合句意推测其意思为“再生”。故选D项。3. Why do critics oppose the use of cryonics? A. It will make peoples memory lost. B. Injury will occur duri
53、ng the process. C. There is scientific uncertainty about it. D. It goes along with their religious belief. 【解析】选C。 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段(批判者把他们的观点建立在当前的科学水平上。的确, 细胞、组织、血管和一些小动物的器官可以被可逆地保存下来。一些青蛙甚至可以在半冷冻状态活上几个月。但这不是真正的冷冻, 没有证据表明一个人的身份和记忆可以在死后恢复。)可推知, 批判者反对人体冷冻的主要原因是在科学上还没有证据证明人体冷冻后可以继续存活, 也没有证据证明他们的身份和记忆可以恢复
54、。C. There is scientific uncertainty about it. (科学上存在不确定性)符合以上说法, 故选C项。4. What is the main idea of the text? A. The use of cryonics has a bright future. B. Cryonics is still a controversial practice. C. The practice of cryonics is limited by law. D. There is an advance in medical technology. 【解析】选B。
55、主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容, 尤其是第二段(人体冷冻的支持者希望将来的科技将会改善。分子技术尤其希望逆转早期临床死亡。)和第四段第一句(人体冷冻的批判者认为这个过程只是时间和金钱的浪费)可知, 对于人体冷冻这个做法有人支持, 有人反对, 即它目前还是一个有争议的做法B. Cryonics is still a controversial practice. (人体冷冻仍然是一个有争议的做法)符合以上说法, 故选B项。. 完形填空There is a story from many years ago of a primary school teacher called Mrs Thomps
56、on. On the very first day of her fourth grade class, she told the children a1. She looked at her students and said that she 2 them all the same. But that was 3 because there in the front row was a little boy, Teddy Stoddard. Mrs Thompson had watched Teddy the year before and 4 that he didnt play wel
57、l with the other children, his clothes were messy and he constantly needed a 5. She did not like him. Later, it got to the 6 where Mrs Thompson would actually 7 his papers with a red pen, making bold Xs. However, when she read his file one day, she was in 8. Teddys first grade teacher wrote, “Teddy
58、is a 9 child. He does his work 10 and has good manners. ”His second-grade teacher wrote, “Teddy is an excellent student. But he is 11 by his mothers terminal illness. ” His third-grade teacher wrote, “His mothers death has been 12 on him. ”By now, Mrs Thompson realized the problem and she was13 of h
59、erself. On the very day, she quit teaching reading and writing. 14, she began to teach children how to be a man. Mrs Thompson paid particular15 to Teddy. As she worked with him, his mind seemed to 16. The more she encouraged him, the faster he 17. Teddy graduated from the school with the highest of
60、18. Twenty years later, Mrs Thompson received a 19 telling her she was the best teacher he has ever met in the world. It was 20 Theodore F. Stoddard, MD. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。汤普森太太第一次教Teddy的时候, 觉得他是一个有问题的学生。当了解到事情的起因后, 汤普森夫人特别关注Teddy。她鼓励他, 后来Teddy成了班上最聪明的孩子。作者通过这个故事告诉我们应该用心去温暖需要帮助的人。1. A. jokeB. lieC. less
61、onD. story【解析】选B。句意: 在她上四年级课的第一天时, 她对孩子们撒了个谎。根据下文的She looked at her students and said that she _them all the same. 和She did not like him可知老师撒了谎, 她并没有同等地爱着每个学生, 故选B项。2. A. lovedB. thankedC. neededD. trusted【解析】选A。句意: 她看着学生, 对他们说她会同等地爱着他们所有人。结合常识可知, 老师一般会对学生说会无差别地爱着他们, 故选A项。3. A. trueB. impossibleC. s
62、eriousD. incorrect【解析】选B。句意: 但那是不可能的, 因为在前排有一个名叫Teddy Stoddard的小男孩。根据下文的She did not like him可知, 老师并没有同等地爱着每个学生, 故选B项。4. A. admittedB. observedC. expectedD. said【解析】选B。句意: 汤普森女士一年前见到过Teddy, 她观察到他和其他孩子相处得不融洽, 他的衣服很脏, 他总是一副需要洗澡的样子。根据下文的his clothes were messy and he constantly needed a _可知此处用“观察”符合语境, 故
63、选B项。5. A. restB. parentC. bathD. friend【解析】选C。句意: 汤普森女士一年前见到过Teddy, 她观察到他和其他孩子相处得不融洽, 他的衣服很脏, 他总是一副需要洗澡的样子。根据上文的his clothes were messy可知Teddy很脏, 需要洗澡, 故选C项。6. A. classB. areaC. pointD. border【解析】选C。句意: 后来, 事情真的发展到了汤普森女士用红笔在他的试卷上标记加粗的X的阶段。结合上下文可知, 此处是指汤普森对Teddy的不喜欢已经发展到了这样一个阶段, 故选C项。7. A. markB. refu
64、seC. readD. criticize【解析】选A。句意: 后来, 事情真的发展到了汤普森女士用红笔在他的试卷上标记加粗的X的阶段。根据下文的papers with a red pen可知, 此处用“做标记”符合语境, 故选A项。8. A. sadnessB. surpriseC. excitementD. pride【解析】选B。句意: 然而, 当她有一天读他的文件时, 她很惊讶。根据下文内容可知, 从老师的评价来看Teddy原来是一个非常优秀的孩子, 因为妈妈的生病和离世所以变成了现在这样, 由此推测汤普森女士对此感到惊讶, 故选B项。9. A. lazyB. funnyC. mood
65、yD. bright【解析】选D。句意: Teddy一年级的老师写着: “Teddy是一个聪明的孩子。” 根据下文的Teddy is an excellent student. 可知此处用“聪明的”符合语境, 故选D项。10. A. neatlyB. badlyC. vividlyD. carelessly【解析】选A。句意: 他的作业做得很整洁, 并且很有礼貌。根据下文的has good manners可推测Teddy的作业也完成得很整洁, 故选A项。11. A. shockedB. troubledC. thrilledD. caught【解析】选B。句意: 但是他因妈妈的绝症而困扰。结合
66、常识可知, 一个孩子会因为母亲生病而忧虑和烦恼, 故选B项。12. A. strangeB. obviousC. hardD. tight【解析】选C。句意: 他三年级的老师写着: “妈妈的死对他来说很痛苦。”根据常识可知一个孩子会因为妈妈的去世而非常痛苦, 故选C项。13. A. scaredB. proudC. confidentD. ashamed【解析】选D。句意: 现在, 汤普森女士意识到了问题的所在, 并感到很愧疚。根据上文内容可知, 此处是指汤普森女士在了解了事情的真相后, 为自己因为Teddy穿着不整洁而不喜欢他的事情感到愧疚, 故选D项。14. A. HoweverB. In
67、steadC. ThereforeD. Though【解析】选B。句意: 相反, 她开始教学生怎样做一个男子汉。根据上文的she quit teaching reading and writing可知, 此处用“相反”符合语境, 故选B项。15. A. attentionB. visitC. moneyD. respect【解析】选A。句意: 汤普森女士对Teddy特别关注。根据句意可知, 此处考查固定短语pay attention to“关注”, 故选A项。16. A. come aloneB. come upC. come aliveD. come across【解析】选C。句意: 随着她
68、跟他一起学习, 他的头脑似乎活跃了起来。come alone独自一人来; come up走近; come alive变得活跃; come across偶遇。根据下文的Teddy graduated from the school with the highest of _. 可知此处用“变得活跃”符合语境, 故选C项。17. A. actedB. talkedC. respondedD. moved【解析】选C。句意: 她越鼓励他, 他的反应就越快。根据下文的Teddy graduated from the school with the highest可知此处用“反应快”符合语境, 故选C项
69、。18. A. benefitsB. statesC. recordsD. honors【解析】选D。句意: Teddy以最高的荣誉从学校毕业。结合上下文可知, 此处是指在汤普森女士的鼓励下, Teddy在各方面都变得很优秀, 最终以最高荣誉从学校毕业, 故选D项。19. A. bookB. letter C. giftD. visitor【解析】选B。句意: 20年后, 汤普森女士收到了一封信, 信上说她是他在世界上遇到的最好的老师。根据下文的Theodore F. Stoddard, MD可知这是一个署名, 由此推测汤普森女士收到了一封信, 故选B项。20. A. signedB. wri
70、ttenC. listedD. accepted【解析】选A。句意: 信上署名为Theodore F. Stoddard, MD。根据Theodore F. Stoddard, MD可知这是一个人的名字, 故用“署名”符合语境, 故选A项。. 短文改错(2021太原模拟)I live in a typical Chinese family of four generations lived together under same roof. Everyone has funs with each other here. Every night, we will have dinner toge
71、ther, talking or laughing around the dinner table so that all the worries of the day will be swept away. At weekends, Dad will take Grandpa, that likes outdoor activities a lot, to the countryside to fish. Mom and Grandma will cook delicious food for ourselves. When the weather is fine, I will push
72、my 95-year-old great grandmother in a wheelchair to sunbathe in the yard. My family is such harmonious that I have been grown up into a person with love and responsibility. I will definite teach what I had already learned to my future children. 答案: 1. 【解析】第一句livedliving。考查非谓语动词。句意: 我住在一个典型的中国四代同堂的家庭
73、。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词, 故live只能作非谓语动词, 与逻辑主语构成主谓关系, 用现在分词, 故lived改为living。2. 【解析】第一句same前加the。考查冠词。短语the same“一样; 相同的”, 故same前加the。3. 【解析】第二句funsfun。考查名词单复数。句意: 每个人在这里都很开心。fun为不可数名词, 因此没有复数形式, 故funs改为fun。4. 【解析】第三句orand。考查连词。句意: 每天晚上, 我们会一起吃晚饭, 围坐在餐桌旁谈笑风生, 这样一天的烦恼就会被扫除。根据句意可知, 上下文为并列关系, 故应用并列连词, 故or改为an
74、d。5. 【解析】第四句thatwho。考查连词。句意: 周末, 爸爸会带爷爷去乡下钓鱼, 爷爷很喜欢户外活动。本句为非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词, 且先行词在从句中作主语, 指人, 故应用关系代词who。故that改为who。6. 【解析】第五句ourselvesus。考查代词。句意: 妈妈和奶奶会为我们做美味的食物。根据句意, 故ourselves改为us。7. 【解析】第七句suchso。考查副词。so. . . that. . . “如此以至于”, so修饰形容词, such修饰名词, 故such改为so。8. 【解析】第七句去掉been。考查动词语态。句意: 我的家庭是如此和谐,
75、以至于我已经成长为一个充满爱和责任的人。动词grow没有被动结构, 故去掉been。9. 【解析】第八句definitedefinitely。考查副词。teach为动词, 需要副词修饰, 故definite改为definitely。10. 【解析】第八句hadhave。考查动词时态。句意: 我一定要把我已经学会的东西教给我未来的孩子。根据句意及下文already可知表示到现在为止, 应用现在完成时, 故had改为have。. 书面表达假定你是李华, 寒假在纽约学习, 得知所在社区将举办一次普及中医知识的活动。请你写一封信, 申请做志愿者, 内容包括: 1. 写信目的; 2. 个人优势; 3.
76、对中医的认识。注意: 1. 词数100左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Dear Sir/Madam, _Yours sincerely, Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Sir/Madam, Im Li Hua, an exchange student from China. Having read local communitys advertisement for volunteers on the promotion of Chinese traditional medicine, I cant wait to submit my application for the
77、 post. Born in a family with both parents working in an institute of traditional Chinese medicine, I possess a thorough understanding of TCM, which I believe could be quite helpful. Additionally, as a compassionate and outgoing individual, I enjoy helping out wherever I can. Traditional Chinese medi
78、cine is ancient medical practice that has been used in China for more than 3, 500 years. Despite being a form of alternative medicine, it has worked wonders in many medical cases, such as the treatment of COVID-19. It really means a lot to me to promote TCM, so I do hope this wonderful chance would be offered to me. Looking forward to your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua
