1、模块二专题一考法一第1讲A阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2020河北石家庄市高三一模)Animals are natural resources that people have wasted all through our history.Animals _1_(kill) for their fur and feathers, especially in the past few decades simply _2_ they were in the way.Thousands of kinds of animals have disappeared f
2、rom the earth forever.Hundreds more are _3_ the danger list today.About 170 kinds in the United States alone are considered in danger.Why should people care?Because we need _4_(animal)And because once they are _5_(go), there will never be any more.Animals are more than beautiful or interesting or a
3、source of food.Every animal has _6_(it) place in the balance of nature. _7_(destroy) one kind of animal can create many problems._8_(luck), some people are working to help save the animals.Some groups raise money to let people know about _9_ problem.And they try to get the government _10_(pass) laws
4、 protecting animals in danger.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。由于人类的捕杀,大量的动物从地球上消失或濒临灭绝。幸运的是,人类已经开始采取措施对动物进行有效的保护。1have been killed考查动词时态和语态。句意:动物因为它们的皮毛和羽毛而被捕杀,特别是在过去的几十年里,仅仅因为它们挡了道。根据句中的时间状语in the past few decades可知,此处要用现在完成时;另外,kill与animals之间是动宾关系,应用被动语态;主语为animals。故填have been killed。2because考查连词。句意:动物因为它们的皮毛和羽毛而被
5、捕杀,特别是在过去的几十年里,仅仅因为它们挡了道。理解语境可知,they were in the way是人类捕杀动物的原因。故填because。3on考查介词。句意:今天还有数以百计的动物处于危险之中。on the list表示“在清单上”。故填介词on。4animals考查名词复数。句意:因为我们需要动物。animal 是可数名词,此处表泛指,应用其复数形式。故填animals。5gone考查固定短语。句意:因为一旦它们灭绝了,就再也不会有了。根据空前的are可知,此处用go的形容词形式gone, be gone表示“不复存在,一去不复返”。故填gone。6its考查代词。句意:每种动物在
6、自然界的平衡中都占有一席之地。修饰名词place,应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。7Destroying考查非谓语动词。句意:毁灭一种动物会带来很多问题。_7_(destroy) one kind of animal在该句中作句子的主语,所以空处应填destroy 的动名词形式,注意首字母要大写。故填Destroying。8Luckily考查副词。句意:幸运的是,有些人正在努力拯救这些动物。修饰整个句子要用副词形式,注意首字母要大写。故填Luckily。9the考查冠词。句意:有些组织筹集资金,让人们知道问题所在。此处problem特指上文提到的问题,所以应填定冠词the。故填the。10t
7、o pass考查非谓语动词。句意:他们试图让政府通过法律,保护处于危险中的动物。get.to do sth为固定搭配,意为“让做某事”。故填to pass。B阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021江西重点中学盟校高三第一次联考)Chinese scientists have created the worlds first light-based quantum (量子) computer, called Jiuzhang.Its _41_ breakthrough in the field after Google completed its quantu
8、m computer last year._42_(compare) with todays best supercomputers, Jiuzhang can calculate 100,000 billion times faster.Usually, information _43_(handle) in binary bits (二进位) by classical computers, presenting itself as either 0s or 1s.However, quantum computers process data using qubits(量子位), _44_
9、is identified as 0s, 1s or everything in between.As a result, as the number of qubits _45_(increase), the computing ability of quantum computers rises too.Another advantage of Jiuzhang is that its _46_(easy) to make and maintain.Superconducting quantum computers must be kept at ultra-cold temperatur
10、es _47_(ensure) their materials can conduct electricity without any resistance.But most parts of Jiuzhang can operate at room temperature except its sensory equipment and it must be kept at 269.1 .With advantages _48_ traditional computers, quantum computers have a wide range of _49_(apply)The calcu
11、lations carried out by Jiuzhang can _50_(potential) be applied to machine learning, quantum chemistry and graph theory.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国科学家成功创造了世界第一台光子的量子计算机“九章”,并介绍了它的操作原理和优势。41a考查冠词。句意:谷歌去年完成量子计算机后,这是在这一领域的一个突破。分析句子可知,句中breakthrough意为“突破,重大进展”,为可数名词,句中泛指一个突破,故应用不定冠词修饰,breakthrough单词音标的第一个音素
12、为辅音音素,故应用不定冠词a。故填a。42Compared考查非谓语动词。句意:与当今最好的超级计算机相比,九章的计算速度快了10万亿倍。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词calculate且句中无连词,故应用compare的非谓语动词,compare意为“比较”,动词词性,compare.with.意为“把和进行比较”,句子主语Jiuzhang与compare之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应用compare的过去分词compared在句中作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Compared。43is handled考查动词时态和语态。句意:通常,信息是由经典计算机以二进制位处理的,表示为0或1。根据句意和
13、句中Usually可知,句子表示的是经常性、习惯性的动作,应用一般现在时,handle意为“处理”,动词词性,句子主语information与handle之间为被动关系,故应用一般现在时的被动语态,information为不可数名词,与is连用,handle的过去分词为handled。故填is handled。44which考查定语从句。句意:然而,量子计算机使用量子位处理数据,量子位被识别为0、1或介于0和1之间的任何东西。根据句意和句子结构可知,句子为非限制性定语从句,先行词为qubits,指物,在从句中作主语,故应用关系代词which引导从句,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填whi
14、ch。45increases考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:因此,随着量子位的增加,量子计算机的计算能力也随之提高。根据句意可知,句子为as引导的时间状语从句,句子陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,increase意为“增加”,动词词性,句中the number of意为“的数量”,后接名词,作主语时,谓语动词用单数,故空格处应用increase的三单形式increases。故填increases。46easier考查形容词比较级。句意:九章的另一个优点是它更容易制作和维护。根据句意可知,句子是在介绍九章的优点,是在把九章和其他计算机进行比较,“更”容易制作和维护,故应用比较级,easy意为“容
15、易的”,形容词词性,在句中作表语,比较级为easier。故填easier。47to ensure考查非谓语动词。句意:超导量子计算机必须保持在超低温下,以确保其材料能够在没有任何电阻的情况下导电。分析句子可知,句中有谓语动词be kept且句中无连词,故应用ensure的非谓语动词,ensure意为“确保”,动词词性,“确保其材料能够在没有任何电阻的情况下导电”是“超导量子计算机必须保持在超低温下”的目的,故应用动词不定式作目的状语,不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填to ensure。48over考查介词。句意:量子计算机具有传统计算机无法比拟的优势,有着广泛的应用。根据句意可知,句子表示的是
16、“量子计算机的优势超过传统计算机”,故空格处应用over,意为“多于,超过”,介词词性,advantages over意为“优于”。故填over。49applications考查名词。句意:量子计算机具有传统计算机无法比拟的优势,有着广泛的应用。分析句子可知,句中a wide range of.意为“广泛的”,后接可数名词复数,在句中作宾语,apply意为“应用”,动词词性,对应的名词为application,意为“应用”,为可数名词,复数形式为applications。故填applications。50potentially考查副词。句意:九章所做的计算有可能应用于机器学习、量子化学和图论。
17、分析句子可知,句中be applied to.意为“应用于”,为动词短语,前面应用副词修饰,potential意为“可能的,潜在的”,形容词词性,对应的副词为potentially,意为“可能地,潜在地”。故填potentially。C阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021四川省凉山州高三第三次诊断考试)Polar bears live in such environment that is too cold for most animals.For much of the year, they live and hunt on the _41_(freez
18、e) Arctic sea ice.Nature has prepared them for the cold conditions but nothing has prepared them for the danger _42_ threatens their only home.Polar bears world is melting.Polar bears _43_(suffer) in a warmer world are in danger.Studies show that the polar ice _44_(reduce) by 9.8% every ten years si
19、nce 1978At present, about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in the Arctic.Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their _45_(survive)“The sea ice is more than just the platform that the bears walk _46_.” says Andrew Derocker, who studies North American polar bear population.“Without it, they cant exis
20、t.”Some melting and refreezing of the polar ice is nature.But in _47_ warmer world, these cycles speed up, and bears have _48_ (little) to hunt. _49_(normal), they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight and the extra fat _50_(use) later, when the bears are not actively hunting.Th
21、erefore, its urgent to protect the environment and maintain the ecological balance.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在全球变暖的情况下,北极熊面临着极大的危险。因此,保护环境,维护生态平衡刻不容缓。41frozen考查非谓语动词。句意:一年中的大部分时间,它们都在冰冻的北极海冰上生活和狩猎。动词freeze意为“使结冰”,和逻辑主语Arctic sea ice构成被动关系,且动作已完成,所以应用过去分词作定语。故填frozen。42that/which考查定语从句。句意:大自然让它们为寒冷的环境做好了准备,但却没有
22、让它们准备好应对威胁它们唯一家园的危险。定语从句中缺少主语,且先行词为danger,所以应用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/which。43suffering考查非谓语动词。句意:北极熊在变暖的世界里正处于危险之中。动词suffer意为“遭受”,和主语Polar bears构成主动关系,所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填suffering。44has reduced考查动词时态。句意:研究表明,自1978年以来,极地冰层每十年就会减少9.8%。根据since 1978可知,此处应用现在完成时。故填has reduced。45survival考查名词。句意:北极熊依靠海冰生存。在介
23、词for后应用名词作宾语。名词survival意为“生存”。故填survival。46on考查介词。句意:海冰不仅仅是北极熊行走的平台。表示“在海冰上行走”应用介词on。故填on。47a考查冠词。句意:但在一个更温暖的世界里,这种循环会加速,熊可以捕猎的猎物就少了。此处泛指一个更温暖的世界,应用不定冠词,warmer是以辅音音素开头的词,应用a。故填a。48less考查比较级。句意:但在一个更温暖的世界里,这种循环会加速,熊可以捕猎的猎物就少了。根据warmer world可知,此处应用比较级。故填less。49Normally考查副词。句意:通常情况下,它们在春季有三个月的时间,此时它们的体重会增加,多余的脂肪会在后期使用,此时熊不积极捕猎。修饰句子应用副词作状语。故填Normally。50is used考查动词时态及语态。句意:通常情况下,它们在春季有三个月的时间,此时它们的体重会增加,多余的脂肪会在后期使用,此时熊不积极捕猎。此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时。动词use和主语the extra fat构成被动关系。且主语the extra fat为不可数名词。故填is used。