1、Unit 3 Festivals and customs3.2 Grammar：过去将来时知识精讲1过去将来时的用法(1)过去将来时常用于间接引语或宾语从句中，当主句谓语动词用过去时态时。He said he would go to the north for the holiday. 他说他将去北方去度假。They wanted to know when you would finish the article. 他们想知道什么时候你会完成这篇文章。2过去将来时的构成(1)基本表达方式：woulddoMother promised that she would take me to Beij
2、ing the next year.妈妈许诺明年带我去北京。(2)表示过去将来时的其他几种表达方式：was/were going to do，表示准备、计划做。She said she was going to buy a new bike.她说她打算买一辆新自行车。was/were about to do，表示即将发生的动作，不和表示时间段的状语连用。The bus was about to start.公共汽车马上就要开了。was/were to do，表示过去曾计划或安排要做。The press conference was to be held next week.记者招待会将于下周举
3、行。was/were doing仅限于某些表示位移的动词，如：come，go，arrive，leave等。表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。I didnt know when they were coming again.我不知道他们什么时候再来。3过去将来时用于虚拟语气（1）涉及现在时间的虚拟条件：即从句所涉及的内容与现在的事实不符，此时从句的谓语用一般过去时，而主句谓语用“would+动词原形”（当然根据情况也可用should, might, could）。如：If I were taller, I would become a policeman.如果我个子再高一点，我就当警察了。（所表示的
4、实际情况是：我的个子不够高，所以不能当警察）If I knew her number, I could call her.要是我知道她的号码，就能给她打电话。（所表示的实际情况是：我现在不知道她的电话号码，所以不能给她打电话）（2）涉及将来时间的虚拟条件：即从句所涉及的内容与将来事实不符，此时从句的谓语有三种形式，一般过去时(be通用were)或用should+动词原形，或用were to+动词原形）, 而主句谓语用“would+动词原形”（当然根据情况也可用should, might, could）。如：If it rained tomorrow, wed stay at home.如果明天
5、下雨，我们就待在家里。（所表示的实际情况是：估计明天会天晴，所以我们侍在家里的可能性不大）If you took a taxi, youd get there sooner.如果你叫一辆出租汽车，你就会早点儿到那儿。（所表示的实际情况是：你不愿叫出租车，所以你不能较快到达）分层提分题组A 基础过关练一、单项选择1The manager said that not one mistake _ to see reported to him in the following month.Awould he wantBhad he wantedChe would wantDhe had wanted2
6、Our air-conditioners sell well, but decades of years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they _ .Awere to haveBwere havingChave hadDhad had3We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon.AleavesBwould leaveCleftDhad left4The laptops made by our compa
7、ny sell best, but nobody could have guessed the place in the market that they _ 20 years ago.Ahad hadBhadCwere havingDwere to have5Mother promised she _ me an English-Chinese dictionary.Ais buying Bwill buy Cwould buy Dhas bought6He promised he _ the assembly on time. I am at a loss what happened.It
8、 doesnt matter. We are starting without him.Awill attendBhad attendedCwill have attendedDwould attend7Jonah was a little worried because he a new job the next day and he wasnt sure whether he would be fit for it.Ahave doneBwill doCwas to doDdid8It was announced that only after the candidates papers
9、were collected _to leave the room.Ahad they been permittedBwould they be permittedCthat they would be permittedDthat they had been permitted9I felt like giving up. I probably _， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”Awould have Bwould Cshould Dshould have10At college, Barack Obama didnt k
10、now that he the first black president of the United States of America.Awas to becomeBbecomesCis to becomeDbecame11James has just arrived, but I didnt know he _ until yesterday.Awill comeBwas comingChad comeDcame12The plane is leaving right now，but Jim hasnt arrived yet.Well，he said he_here on time.A
11、cameBwould comeCcan beDwill be13Hi， Lucy. I hear you failed the driving test last week.Bad luck！ When I wanted to stop my car， the brake work.AmustntBwontCwouldntDshant14Have you been to Mexico?No, I _ last year, but Dad wouldnt let me.Awas to have goneBwas to goCwas goneDwent15Our TV sets sell well
12、, but ten years ago no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they_.Awere havingBhad hadCwere to haveDhad16Just an hour ago he told me on the phone that he _ home right after his work.Ahas comeBcomesCcameDwould come17I writing the paper as scheduled, but my mothers illness inter
13、fered. I hope you will excuse me.Aam to have finishedBwas to have finishedCwas to finishDought to finish18-The guy standing at the bar is so handsome. Any idea who he is?-He is the guy I you about.Ahad told Bwould tellCwas telling Dam telling19- Dont forget to have this machine fixed this afternoon.
14、, Darling.- Oh, you reminded me of what I otherwise .Amay have forgotten Bmust have forgotten Chad forgotten Dwould have forgotten20By 2003, I had grown as tall as 180 cm, and I wondered if I _ grow taller.AwouldBwillC/Dam to21The success of Le Pen _the withdrawal of France from EU, but Macaroon def
15、eated her in the election this month; as a result, EU let out a sigh of relief.Ashould otherwise promoteBwill have promotedCmight as wellDwould otherwise promote22He said in a few days time he _ out of the school gates forever.Awill walkBwalkedCwas walkingDwould be walking23Albert Einstein was born
16、in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he _ a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.Ahas beenBhad beenCwas going to beDwas24We had to be patient because it _some time_ we got the full results.Ahas been；sinceBhad been；untilCwas；afterDwould be；before25-What were you up to when s
17、he dropped in?-I_ for a while and _ some reading.Ahad played ; didBplayed; didChad played :was going to doDwas playing; was going to do26He said that his car_stolen and he_have to telephone the police.Awas; wouldBhas been; willChad been; wouldDhad been; will27John was given the same suitcase his fat
18、her and grandfather _with them to school.AtookBhad takenCwere takingDwould take28Just an hour ago he was telling me on the phone that he _ home right after the work.AcomesBcameCwould comeDwill come29Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? I _, but I had an unexpected visitor.AhadBwouldCwas going toDdid
19、30It was announced that only when the fire was under control _to return to their homes.Athe residents would be permittedBhad the residents been permittedCwould the residents be permittedDthe residents had been permitted题组B 能力提升练二、用单词的适当形式完成句子31I wasnt sure whether Lucy _ (come) the next day, so I wr
20、ote her a letter.32He promised that he _ (buy) some gifts for us when he _ (get) there.33Its ashy rocks, now dark, now light, told a story of past eruptions that might have warned the city what _(come). 34When he was _（open）the door，he found his keys were nowhere35Jeff promised that he _ (figure) ou
21、t the problem the next day.36I had no idea whether he _(attend) my birthday party.37None of the forecasters, however, warned us of the onset of a pandemic that would _(threat) every country in the world and create the biggest global crisis in most peoples living memory.38They had to be patient becau
22、se it_（take）some time before they got the full result. 39Dr. Smith said he _ (give) a speech on how to reduce stress the next week. 40When we were young, father_ (take) us for a special treat on Mothers day.41I _ (close) the kitchen door when a little mouse popped its head out.42I _ (tell) you about
23、 my plan, but you stopped me before I could speak.43Nobody knew what _ (happen) to the Earth in a centurys time.44Ken was so busy when we saw him,because he _(make) a speech the next day. 45She told him that she _(not stay) here for long. 46I wasnt sure whether Lucy _(come) the next year. 47Miss Zha
24、ng said she _(visit) the Great Wall the next summer. 48I wasnt sure whether he _(lend) me his book the next morning. 49She didnt tell me where she _(go). 50She said the bus _(leave) at five the next morning. 51Whenever she had time,she _(help) them with their work. 52Did you predict that so many stu
25、dents _ (volunteer) for the Clean Your Plate campaign?53Mike was not sure whether his friend _ (lend) him the book the next morning.54Water, food and electricity were hard to get. People began to wonder how long the disaster _ (last). 55Hello, Jane. Nice to meet you.Oh, its you, Jenny. I didnt expec
26、t that you_(come) to my wedding party. 56When I got home, my family_(wait) for me. They_(be) about_ (enjoy) the Spring Festival Eves meal. 57He promised he _ (not make) the same mistake again.58He said he was _ (learn) French next week.59He said he_(be) ninety years old in two years.60Nobody knew wh
27、y he was _ (go) to the big city.三、完成句子61At college，Barack Obama didnt know that he _ the first black president of the USA大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他会成为美国的第一位黑人总统。62The shocking news made me realize_.这令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将面临什么可怕的问题。(宾语从句)63他向我保证这种事情绝不会再发生。(guarantee)He gave me _.64他说过要让他的孩子们具有某些特别的才艺，例如画画、唱歌和跳舞。He said
28、he would _ his children _ some special skills, such as drawing, singing and dancing.65I was _ him, but he didnt give me a chance. 我想要告诉他, 但他没给我机会。66My father _ me to the park frequently when I was a little boy. 当我还是小孩子的时候，我爸爸常常会带我去公园。67那个工人决定不再屈服于老板的虐待，重新找了一份工作。The worker decided that he would no lo
29、nger_ _ his bosss abuse, and found a new job.68我正准备关电脑，这时收到了一封电子邮件。I _ _ _ _ _ my computer when I received an email.69每当我遇到困难时，我的朋友们总会来帮助我。Whenever I was in trouble, my friends would _ _ _ _.70她许诺要毕生从事科学研究。She promised that she would_scientific studies. 题组C 培优拔尖练四、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After readi
30、ng the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Venturing PilotCharles Lindberg born in Decemb
31、er Michigan was raised on a farm in Minnesota, where his father 71 (elect) to the U.S. Congress in 1907. From then on, he spent his boyhood alternatively in Washington DC, and Little Falls, Minnesota. 72 Lindbergh exhibited exceptional mechanical talent, in 1921, he was admitted to the University of
32、 Wisconsin to study engineering. 73(seek) more challenges, he left university before graduation and became a pilot, who performed exciting flight show at country fairs and public assemblies. This unusual and dangerous undertaking paid off so greatly in the sense that it allowed him to gain all-round
33、 experience in flying. He was particularly delighted in 74 he called “wing-walking” and parachute jumping.75(train) in air service for a year, Lindberg completed his program at the Brooks and Kelly airfields at the top of his class. He was offered a job in Robertson Aircraft Corporation of St. Louis
34、 in Missouri where he retained his job 76 1927, running the routes between St. Louis and Chicago. During this period, he set out to win the Raymond B, Orteig prize of $25,000 to be awarded to the first pilot 77(fly) nonstop from New York to Paris. He knew this ambitious flight 78 (change) his life.O
35、n board the greatest adventure of his time, Lindberg left Roosevelt Airport at 5:52 a.m. on May 20, 1927 and landed at Le Bourget Field at 5:24 p.m. the next day. Fearing that he would be unknown when he arrived, Lindberg carried letters of introduction to the officials in Paris, but when his plane
36、came to a stop, he found himself 79(crowd) with welcoming people. He was decorated in France, Great Britain, and Belgium. President Coolidge sent a specially designated cruiser, the Memphis to bring him back. His accomplishments in flying brought 80 more medals and awards that had ever been received
37、 than any other person in private life.参考答案1A【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：经理说，接下来的一个月，他不想有错误汇报给他。not one mistake否定意义的短语置于句首要部分倒装，即将助动词置于主语he之前，结合本句的时态，经理说用的是一般过去时，在接下来的一个月应该用过去将来时，即would。故选A项。2A【详解】考查时态。句意：我们的空调卖得很好，但是几十年前没有人能想到它们会有这么大的市场份额。根据“decades of years ago no one could have imagined”可知，此处表示过去将来发生的事情，应该用过
38、去将来时，故A项正确。3B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：当他表示他很快就会离职时候我们都很惊讶。根据“made”和“soon”可知，此处表示过去将要发生的动作，应该用过去将来时，故B项正确。4D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：我们公司生产的笔记本电脑卖得最好，但是，二十年前，没有人能猜到它们在市场上的地位。表示过去将要发生的事情，用过去将来时，故选D。5C【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句的时态。句意：妈妈答应给我买一本英汉词典。she _ me an English-Chinese dictionary.是一个宾语从句，主句Mother promised使用了一般过去时，从句要使用相应的过去的时
39、态，所以用过去将来时，故选C。6D【详解】考查时态。句意：他保证将按时参加会议，我不知道发生了什么事。没关系，我们不等他就开始。根据“promised”判断此处表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的事情，应该用过去将来时，故D项正确。7C【详解】考查时态。句意：Jonah有点担心，因为他第二天要做一份新工作，他不确定自己是否能胜任。表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态，用过去将来时，故选C。8B【详解】考查倒装和时态。句意：宣布说只有在竞选者的论文都收集完毕，他们才被允许离开。从句Only after 后用倒装，排除CD，又表将来时态，故选B。9A【解析】【分析】考查过去将来时。【详解
40、】句意：我想放弃。我可能总会放弃的，但是我爸爸小声说,“来吧!你能做到的。”本句为过去将来时。指表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态，上文中的谓语动词felt表明动作发生在过去，即从过去的时间推测将来会发生的动作。故选A。10A【详解】考查时态。句意：在大学的时候，奥巴马不知道他将成为美国第一个黑人总统。用过去将来时表示过去某个时间将要发生的事情，所以选A。【点睛】英语中的时态主要由动词的形式决定，因此在学习英语时态时，要注意分析动词形式及具体语境，想象在那个特定的时间动作所发生的背景，这个动作是经常性动作、一般性动作、进行性动作、完成性动作还是将要发生的动作。这题的解题关键是di
41、dnt know。11B【详解】考查动词时态的语境运用。句意：詹姆斯刚到，但我直到昨天才知道他要来。“我”此前不知道James要来，本题中“不知道”的是一个尚未发生的动作，排除C、D两项。didnt know要求后接表示“过去将来”的动词，排除A项。故B项正确。12B【详解】考查时态。句意：飞机马上要起飞了，但是吉姆还没有到.他说过他会准时到这儿。由答语可知应用过去将来时,故选B。13C【详解】考查情态动词。句意：嗨,露西。我听说你上星期的驾驶考试不及格。倒霉!当我想停下我的车时，刹车坏了。结合句意可知答案为C。14A【详解】试题分析：考查时态。句意：你去过墨西哥吗？没有，去年我打算去的，但爸
42、爸不让我去。be + to do通常表示“计划、安排”将要做的事情，还表示“有义务”要做的事。但在此，was to have done表示“过去原打算要做而没有做的事”。故选A。15C【详解】试题分析：考查时态。句意：我们的电视很畅销，十年之前没有人能够想像他们将会有这么大的市场份额。be + to do表示将要做的事情，用过去时态，表示过去将来。故选C。16D【详解】考查动词时态。句意：就在一个小时前，他在电话里告诉我，他下班后马上回家。根据句意可知一小时前他说下班后回家，表示从过去某个时间点看将来的动作，要用过去将来时，故选D.【点睛】过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存
43、在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。过去将来时由would，was/were going to，was/were to was/were about to等加动词原形构成，也可由was/were on the point of加动名词构成。例句I knew you would agree. 我知道你会同意的。I said I would arrange everything. 我说我来安排一切。I didnt know if he would come. 我不知道他是否会来。17B【详解】考查时态。根据interfered可知应该用过去时态，因为write 这个动作发生在 my m
44、others illness interfered 这个时刻，而这是一个过去的时刻，就是说，我之所以“没有完成调查表”，是由于“我母亲疾病的干扰”，要不然过去已经完成了。句意：我本来是按计划写完这篇论文的，但是我母亲疾病的干扰。我希望你会原谅我。故选B。18B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：站在吧台那边的那个人真帅。知道他是谁吗?他就是我要告诉你的那个人。因为动作还没有发生，用将来时。故选B.19D【解析】D考查时态。句意：-今天下午别忘了把这台机器修好，亲爱的。-哦，你让我想起了我本来会忘记的事情。“本来会忘记的”用would have done，故选D。20A【解析】考查时态。句意：到2003
45、年时，我已经长到了1米8，我想知道我是否会长得更高。这里含有一个宾语从句，主句用的过去时，从句要使用相应的过去的时态，这里应该使用过去将来时，故选A。21D【详解】考查时态。句意：Le Pen的成功原本将促进法国从欧盟退出，但是在这个月的选举中Macaroon击败了她，结果，欧盟松了一口气。根据后面的defeated可知，此处要用过去将来时态，表示从过去预计未来发生的事情，故选D。22D【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他说在几天之内他将永远走出这所学校的大门。根据句意及谓语动词said可知，此处应使用过去将来时。故选D。23C【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：阿尔伯特爱因斯坦生于1879年。小时候，很
46、少有人猜测他会成为一位提出的理论改变世界的著名科学家。横线部分表示过去将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时，仅有C项was going to be 为过去将来时。故选C。【点睛】分析4个选项可以知道，该题考查的其实是不同的时态。掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题，如本题的1879, would change的提示。另外也要结合使用语境综合分析选项，最终得出答案。24D【详解】考查时态和连词。句意：我们必须耐心等待，因为要得到完整的结果还需要一段时间。在“itwill be一段时间before/after/since从句”句型中，befo
47、re从句中的动作经过一段时间后才会实现；after从句中的动作发生后已经过去了一段时间；since从句中的动作完成后到现在已经有一段时间了。结合题意可知，用before引导，根据前面的had和后面的got可知，用will的过去式would。故选D。25C【详解】考查时态。句意：她来的时候你在忙什么？我已经玩了一会儿了，正要看会儿书。由第一句的时态可判断出第二句描述的事情发生在过去，第一空，play这一动作发生在dropped in之前，也就是过去的过去，因此该用过去完成时态；第二空，表示过去的将来发生的动作，因此应用过去将来时，故选C。26C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他说他的汽车被偷了，他得
48、给警察打电话。宾语从句的主句谓语动词是过去式，从句应用过去的某种时态，故B、D排除；又因为汽车被偷，应发生在said之前，故应用过去完成时。故选C。27B【详解】考查时态。句意：约翰得到了一个手提箱，那是他父亲和祖父上学时用过的手提箱。因为定语从句中的动作发生在主句之前，构成“过去的过去”使用原则，所以主句应该使用过去完成时。故选B。28C【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：刚刚一个小时之前，他还打电话告诉我说下班后就回家。主句是过去进行时，从句用过去将来时，表示该动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之后。29C【详解】考查动词时态。句意：爱丽丝，昨天你为什么不来？我打算来了，但是我有一位不速之客。结合语境
49、可知下文描述的是过去计划打算的动作，故用过去将来时态。选C。30C【分析】考查时态和倒装。句意：通报说，只有火势得到控制了居民们才被允许回家。这里It是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句；that引导的主语从句中，only+状语从句位于句首，要采用部分倒装，且此处表示过去将来发生的事情，要用过去将来时，故选C。【详解】31would come【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我不能肯定第二天露西是否会来，所以我给她写了封信。根据句意及主句的wasnt和从句的时间状语the next day可知，此处表示的是过去将要发生的动作，应用过去将来时。故填would come。32would buy g
50、ot 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他答应到那儿后给我们买些礼物。根据句意以及前文过去式promised可知，that引导的宾语从句中主句应用过去将来时，表示从过去看来将要发生的动作，从句中when引导的时间状语应用一般过去时表示过去将来。故填would buy；got。33was to come【详解】考查时态。句意：它的灰色的岩石，忽明忽暗，讲述了一个过去火山喷发的故事，这个故事可能会警告这个城市即将发生什么。分析句子成分可知，what引导名词性从句，在从句中充当主语，空格处应填谓语动词，结合前面的谓语told以及might have warned 可知，空格处应填过去将来时，且主语为wha
51、t，所以应填was to come。故填was to come。34to open【详解】考查动词不定式表将来时。句意：他要开门时，发现钥匙不见了。根据语境可知，“他正要开门时”，可知将要开门时，表示动作尚未发生，可以用动词不定式 to do. ，故填to open。35would figure【详解】考查时态。句意：Jeff答应说第二天解决这个问题。分析句子并根据时间状语the next day（将来时间）以及主句谓语动词promised（一般过去时）可知，此处指从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作，空处应填过去将来时（would do）形式。故填would figure。36would a
52、ttend【详解】考查时态。句意：我不知道他是否会参加我的生日聚会。此处缺乏谓语，结合主句谓语had时态用一般过去时可知，“attend”这个动作还未发生，时态用过去将来时（would do）。故填would attend。37threaten【详解】考查动词。句意：然而，没有一个预测者警告我们，一场大流行病将威胁到世界上所有国家，并造成大多数人记忆中最大的全球危机。空处在从句中作谓语，表示“威胁”应用动词threaten，结合上文would可知为过去将来时，应填原形。故填threaten。38would take【详解】考查时态。句意：他们必须要有耐心，因为他们将需要一段时间才能得到完整的结
53、果。根据句中had可知，用过去时态。根据句意，这里指过去的将来，所以用过去将来时。故填would take。39would give【详解】考查时态。句意：史密斯博士说他下周要做一个关于如何减轻压力的演讲。由主句谓语动词said可知，空处宾语从句的谓语动词需用过去的某种时态，根据时间状语the next week可知，空处谓语动词需用过去将来时：would do，表示过去看将要发生的动作。故填would give。40would take【详解】考查时态。句意：当我们还小的时候，父亲会在母亲节带我们去吃点特别的东西。根据句意和从句的were可知，“父亲带我们去吃东西”发生在过去，并且是在特定的
54、母亲节那一天，从过去那个时间看来将要发生的动作，所以用过去将来时。故填would take。41was about to close【详解】考查时态。句意：我正要关上厨房的门，一只小老鼠探出头来。根据句意和从句中popped可知，“关门”这一动作发生在过去，并且在过去那个时间来看是将要发生的动作，所以用过去将来时，“正要关门”表示的是一种计划和打算，所以用be about to表将来，还要注意主谓一致。故填was about to close42was about to tell【详解】考查时态。句意：我正要告诉你我的计划，但我还没来得及说话，你就阻止了我。根据句意，用过去将来时，表示从过去的
55、某一时间来看将来要发生的动作。故填was about to tell。43would happen【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：没有人知道一个世纪后地球将会发生什么事。分析句子可知，根据时间状语“in a centurys time”和谓语动词knew，该句为过去将来时态，即为从过去的某个时间看将来发生的动作或所处的状态。本句为从过去看地球未来一个世纪会发生的事情，过去将来时构成为would+动词原形，所以空格处填would happen。44would make【详解】考查时态。句意：我们见到Ken时他很忙，因为他第二天要发表演讲。根据句意及时间状语the next day，可知此处应用过去
56、将来时，结构为would+动词原形，表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。故填would make。45would not stay【详解】考查时态。句意：她告诉他她不会在这里呆太久。根据句意可知，此处应用过去将来时，结构为would (not)+动词原形，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。故填would not stay。46would come【详解】考查过去将来时，句意：我不确定明年露西是否会来。由主句中wasnt sure可知，主句为一般过去时，根据从句中时间状语“the next year”，可知，从句表示的是过去将要发生的动作，所以该句为过去将来时，
57、因此从句的谓语动词使用过去将来时would+动词原形。故填would come。47would visit【详解】考查时态。句意：张小姐说她明年夏天要去参观长城。根据句意以及时间状语the next summer可知，此处应用过去将来时，结构为would+动词原形，表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。故填would visit。48would lend【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：我不确定第二天早上他是否会把书借给我。根据I wasnt sure可知，此处过去将来时。故填would lend。49would go【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：她没有告诉我她将要去哪里。结合句意和时
58、态一般过去时，可知表示过去发生的事情。where引导宾语从句，她要去哪里，所以是过去将来时。故填would go。50would leave【详解】考查动词时态。句意：她说公共汽车将在第二天早上5点离开。根据后文“at five the next morning”可知表示将来的动作，且此处主句为一般过去时，故宾语从句中也应用过去的某种时态，故应用过去将来时。故填would leave。51would help【详解】考查时态。句意：只要有时间，她就会帮助他们工作。根据句意可知，当时间状语从句为一般过去时的时候，主句应用过去将来时，其结构为would+动词原形，表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生
59、的动作或呈现的状态。故填would help。52would volunteer【详解】考查时态。句意：你预料到会有那么多的学生自愿参加“光盘行动”吗?从did和predict看出此句说的是从过去的时间看即将发生的事，即过去将来时。故填would volunteer。53would lend【详解】考查时态。句意：迈克不确定他的朋友第二天早上是否会把书借给他。分析句子结构可知，此处whether引导的是宾语从句，本句主句的be动词是was，所以空处从句的谓语动词需用过去的某一种时态，由时间状语the next morning.可知，空处谓语动词需用过去将来时态：would do，表示过去看将要
60、发生的动作。故填would lend。54would last【详解】考查时态。句意：水、食物和电都很难得到。人们开始怀疑这场灾难将会持续多久。分析句子结构可知空处应填入动词作谓语，由主句谓语began及语境“将会持续多久”可知，此处需要使用过去将来时，故填 would last。55would come/was coming【详解】考查动词时态。句意：你好，Jane，很高兴看到你。哦，是你，Jenny。我真没想到你会来参加我的婚礼。根据句意可知，“我”没有想到Jenny会来，此处表示过去将要发生的动作，应使用过去将来时或使用come的进行表将来。故填would come/was coming
61、。56were waiting were to enjoy 【详解】考查动词时态及固定搭配。句意：当我到家时，我的家人在家等我，他们正要吃年夜饭。根据句意可知，“我”回到家时，“我的家人”正在等“我”，此处表示过去的某一时间正在进行的动作，因此需使用过去进行时，谓语动词用复数；第二、三空为固定词组be about to do sth.意为“正要；打算做；即将做某事”，根据上句可知，这里表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态，因此用过去将来时，主语是they,谓语动词用复数。故填were waiting；were；to enjoy。57would not make【详解】考查时态。
62、句意：他保证以后不犯同样的错误。根据句意“以后不再犯错”可知，应该用将来时。根据主句中promised为一般过去时，故从句中的时态也对应为过去的某种时态。所以此处需要使用过去将来时。主语“he”和谓语动词“make”是主动关系。故填would not make。58going to learn【详解】考查时态。句意：他说他打算下周学法语。由next week 和was 可知该句为过去将来时，结合句意，学习法语为计划好的事情，应用be going to 形式，空前已有was，故填going to learn。59would be【详解】考查时态。句意：他说再过两年他就90岁了。根据He said
63、和in two years可知宾语从句的时态是过去将来时，且主语是he。故填would be。【点睛】60going【详解】考查时态。句意：没有人知道他为什么打算去大城市。根据空前的was可知，空处应使用现在分词形式，构成过去将来时，was going to do sth.意为“过去打算做某事”，故填going。61was to become【详解】考查过去将来时。根据句意可知，空格内汉语意思为“不知道他会”。根据句中的“didnt know.”可知，是在过去不知道会，本空要用过去将来时。故本空填was to become。62what terrible problems we would f
64、ace【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。分析可知，realize后面用宾语从句作宾语，引导词在从句中作宾语且表示“什么”，所以用what引导，表示“可怕的问题”为terrible problems，“面临”为face，根据句意和主句谓语made可知，应该用过去将来时。故填what terrible problems we would face。63a guarantee that it would never happen again【详解】考查名词、同位语从句和过去将来时。guarantee作名词时可表示“保证”, 为可数名词，其后可跟that引导的同位语从句, 解释说明guarantee的内容。
65、表示“发生”应用动词happen，表示“再次”应用副词again。表示“绝不”应用副词never。根据“He gave me”可知，从句中表示“不会”应用过去将来时。故填a guarantee that it would never happen again。64equip with 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“让某人具备”可知短语为equip sb. with sth.，根据上文he would可知为过去将来时。故填equip；with。65going to tell【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我想要告诉他, 但他没给我机会。根据中英文提示，需要翻译的设空部分为：想要告诉。be go
66、ing to do表示“打算做某事”，tell告诉，空前已有was，可知，需用过去将来时。故填going to tell。66would take【详解】考查动词时态。结合句意表示“带某人”应用take sb. to do sth.，且表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态，应用过去将来时would+动词原形。故填would take。67submit to 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意表示“屈服于”可知短语为submit to，结合上文he would 可知为过去将来时。故填submit；to。68was about to turn off 【详解】考查固定句型、固定短语和动词时
67、态。句意：我正准备关电脑，这时收到了一封电子邮件。be about to dowhen为固定句型，意为“正准备做某事突然”，turn off为固定短语，意为“关闭”；结合“received”可知，主句使用过去将来时，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was；about；to；turn；off。69come to my aid 【详解】考查动词短语。短语come to ones aid意为“帮助某人”，本句中该短语和情态动词would构成谓语动词，为过去将时。故填come；to；my；aid。70dedicate her life to【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她承诺她将毕生致力于科学研究。根据
68、汉语提示，“把一生奉献给/致力于”可译为dedicate ones life to，根据其前的would可知，应用动词原形，故答案为dedicate her life to。71was elected72Because/As73To seek74what75Having been trained/Trained76until77to fly78would change79was crowded80him【分析】这是一篇人物传记。短文介绍了敢于冒险的美国飞行员Charles Lindberg。71考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“in 1907”可知，where引导的定语从句为一般过去时，主语为hi
69、s father，与谓语elect为被动。故填was elected。72考查从属连词。分析句子可知，由于Charles Lindberg表现出非凡的机械才能，1921年，他被威斯康辛大学录取，攻读工程学。所以本句为Because/As引导的原因状语从句。所以填从属连词Because/As。故填Because/As。73考查动词不定式。分析句子可知，本句为动词不定式作目的状语。故填To seek。74考查连接代词。分析句子可知，in为介词后接句子做宾语，宾语从句的主语为he，谓语为 called ，call后接双宾语，直接宾语由what来充当。故填what。75考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，主
70、语为Lindberg，谓语为 complete。所以空处应填非谓语动词，train表示的动作发生在complete之前，且与主语在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用现在分词的完成被动形式作状语。也可用过去分词作状语。故填Having been trained/Trained。76考查介词。分析句子可知，空处应填介词，until表示的是一段时间的终点且符合句意。故填until 。77考查动词不定式。the+序数词后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to fly。78考查过去将来时。由“knew，ambitious flight”可知，宾语从句为过去将来时。故填would change 。79考查形容词短语。be
71、 crowded with为固定短语。在本句中作himself的宾语补足语。故填crowded 。80考查代词。分析句子可知，bring后接双宾语，结构为：bring sb sth。他的成就为他带来了很多的奖励。所以空处应填him作brought的间接宾语。故填him。【点睛】what常用来引导名词性从句，即主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句.what在引导名词性从句时有两个重要的特点：一是它在相应的名词性从句中一定有含义，常表示“什么”，“所的”，“的样子”等.二是它在相应的名词性从句中一定做成分，而且常做主语、宾语、表语、定语.分析小题4的句子可知，in为介词后接句子做宾语，宾语从句的主语为he，谓语为 called ，直接宾语由what来充当。故填what。