1、核心素养测评三十三 Module 3 Interpersonal RelationshipsFriendship. 阅读理解A(2020北京模拟)Preschool girl lifts old mans spiritsWhen Tara Wood brought her daughter to a grocery store to buy the four-year-old some cupcakes, she had no idea that would be a life-changing experience. As Tara pushed her daughter Norah aro
2、und the store last month, she passed an old man who was by himself. The old man looked cold, until Norah shouted to him, “Hi! Its my birthday today! ” The man stopped and his demeanor changed from distant and serious to warm and friendly. “How old are you today? ” the man asked. After some time talk
3、ing together, Norah asked her mom to take a picture of her with her new friend “Mr Dan”, Dan Peterson, 82. They hugged and after ten minutes went their separate ways. That could have been the end of the story. But it is actually the beginning of a special relationship. Tara posted the picture of her
4、 daughter and Mr Dan on Facebook and someone who recognized him reached out to her with his contact information. It turned out that Mr Dans wife died in March and he had been suffering from depression and anxiety ever since. The person on Facebook told Tara that it was the first time they had seen M
5、r Dan smile since the death of his wife. Knowing that, Tara contacted Mr Dan, and ever since Norah and the 82-year-old have developed a friendship unlike any other. “She has shown me a depth of love, a depth that I didnt know existed, ” Mr Dan told the reporter. Mr Dan told Tara that before meeting
6、Norah, he hadnt had one night of uninterrupted sleep. Anxiety kept him up at all hours and made him restless. After meeting Norah, he said he now sleeps soundly. For Mr Dans 82nd birthday on October 20, the mother and the daughter brought balloons and presentsand, of course, cupcakes. Mr Dan will al
7、so spend a day around Thanksgiving with Norah and her family. “If you dont take the time to notice people, you will never know how you can positively impact a life, ” Tara Wood said. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一对母女给82岁的老人Dan Peterson 带来快乐的事情。1. Mr Dan looked cold because . A. he felt lonelyB. he disliked little k
8、idsC. nobody had hugged himD. he knew little about Norah【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, Mr Dan因为孤独, 所以看起来冷漠。故选A。2. The underlined word “demeanor” in Paragraph 2 probably means . A. wordsB. bodyC. thoughts D. attitude【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据本句中的distant (冷漠的), serious(严肃的), warm(温和的) , friendly(友好的)可知, 这些都是表达感情和态度的词, 所以
9、此处指他的态度从冷漠严肃变得温和友好了。demeanor表示“行为, 态度”。故选D。3. How did Tara know more about Mr Dan? A. From a news reporter. B. From a stranger. C. From a shop assistant. D. From his neighbor. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由第三段可知, Tara 在Facebook上发了一张她的女儿和Mr Dan的照片后, Facebook上了解Mr Dan的一个人联系了Tara, 告诉了她Mr Dan的更多事情, 由此可知是一位陌生人让Tara对Mr D
10、an有了更多了解。故选B。4. What can we learn from the story? A. Giving makes a real difference. B. It is important to respect each other. C. We should not judge a person at first sight. D. Good things will happen if one keeps trying. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段Tara 说的话If you dont take the time to notice people, you wi
11、ll never know how you can positively impact a life可知, 给予他人帮助会给他人带来积极的影响, 这也是我们从这个故事中学到的。故选A。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. grocery store杂货店2. distant adj. 冷漠的; 远的3. separate adj. 分开的, 各自的4. turn out 结果5. contact vt. 联系B You know the feeling that you have left your phone at home and feel anxious, as if you have lost y
12、our connection to the world. “Nomophobia” (无手机恐惧症) affects teenagers and adults alike. You can even do an online test to see if you have it. Last week, researchers from Hong Kong warned that nomophobia is infecting everyone. Their study found that people who use their phones to store, share and acce
13、ss personal memories suffer most. When users were asked to describe how they felt about their phones, words such as “hurt” (neck pain was often reported) and “alone” predicted higher levels of nomophobia. “The findings of our study suggest that users regard smartphones as their extended selves and g
14、et attached to the devices, ” said Dr. Kim Ki Joon. “People experience feelings of anxiety and unpleasantness when separated from their phones. ” Meanwhile, an American study shows that smartphone separation can lead to an increase in heart rate and blood pressure. So can being without your phone re
15、ally give you separation anxiety? Professor Mark Griffiths, psychologist and director of the International Gaming Research Unit at Nottingham Trent University, says it is what is on the phone that countsthe social networking that creates Fomo (fear of missing out). “We are talking about an internet-
16、connected device that allows people to deal with lots of aspects of their lives, ” says Griffiths. “You would have to surgically remove a phone from a teenager because their whole life is rooted in this device. ”Griffiths thinks attachment theory, where we develop emotional dependency on the phone b
17、ecause it holds details of our lives, is a small part of nomophobia. For “screenagers”, it is Fomo that creates the most separation anxiety. If they cant see whats happening on Snapchat or Instagram, they become panic-stricken about not knowing whats going on socially. “But they adapt very quickly i
18、f you take them on holiday and theres no Internet, ” says Griffiths. 【文章大意】当今社会的许多人成了手机控, 只要手机不在身边就会出现无手机恐惧症, 会感到焦虑不安, 好像失去了与世界的联系。5. Which of the following may Dr. Kim Ki Joon agree with? A. We waste too much time on phones. B. Phones have become part of some users. C. Addiction to phones makes mem
19、ories suffer. D. Phones and blood pressure are closely linked. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段“Nomophobia” affects teenagers and adults alike. . . is infecting everyone. 和第二段的users regard smartphones as their extended selves and get attached to the devices以及最后一段的If they cant see whats happening on Snapchat or In
20、stagram, they become panic-stricken about not knowing whats going on socially. 可知, 现在的手机已成为许多人生活中的一部分了, 分析选项可知B项符合题意。6. According to Griffiths, we get nomophobia because . A. we are accustomed to having a phone on usB. we need our phones to help us store informationC. we worry we may miss out what o
21、ur friends are doingD. we fear without phones we will run into a lot of trouble【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第三段. . . it is what is on the phone that countsthe social networking that creates Fomo (fear of missing out). 手机上的东西才是最重要的社交网络让人们害怕错过朋友们发的东西, 担心不知道朋友在做什么, 分析选项可知C项正确。7. Where can you probably find the above
22、passage? A. In a research report. B. In a fashion brochure. C. In a science textbook. D. In a popular science magazine. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。本文主要叙述当今社会的许多人成为了手机控及其原因。这类文章一般会出现在科普杂志上。故选D项。【知识拓展】长难句分析 Griffiths thinks attachment theory, where we develop emotional dependency on the phone because it holds detai
23、ls of our lives, is a small part of nomophobia. 分析: 句子主语是Griffiths, 谓语是thinks, thinks后面是宾语从句。在宾语从句中, where we develop emotional dependency on the phone because it holds details of our lives是where引导的定语从句, 从句中because引导原因状语从句。翻译: Griffiths认为迷恋理论是无手机恐惧症的一部分, 在这个理论中, 我们形成对手机的感情依赖, 因为它掌控着我们生活的细节。. 完形填空For
24、 most people, retirement is the time during which they will spend the rest of their lives at home, bored to death. But being an active individual, I 1 to sit at home and live a dull life. That is why I came to China soon after I retired in 2010 and taught 2 at a high school in Xingtai, Hebei Provinc
25、e. As Mothers Day approached that year, I decided to hold a party for the students and their 3. With the help of the Chinese teachers, I 4to hold a competition for the most 5 and original gift that a student can create for his or her mom. To be honest, I was 6 of persuading my students to inform the
26、ir parents about the party. However, I was pleasantly7that most of the parents took time off their busy schedule to come. My plan included8 each student to stand up in front of the class and 9 express his or her feeling toward his or her mother. Some of my students were 10 enough to make their speec
27、hes in both English and Chinese. My shy students 11 their timidity (胆怯) to stand elegantly and expressed their 12 for their mothers! The mothers could not 13 their tears from being overjoyed by the tender (温柔的) words of their children. I felt extremely proud of my students. I was again surprised 14
28、I asked the students to present their handmade 15 to their mothers. I was deeply moved by their16. At the end of the 17most parents expressed their gratitude to all of us. That night strengthened my attitude toward life and18. I realized that I dont have to 19. I can share my knowledge of English wi
29、th my students through 20 at schools and make a positive difference in their lives. Age is not a limit. 【文章大意】对大多数人来说, 退休就是百无聊赖地在家里度过他们的余生。但是作为一个积极的人, 作者讨厌过这种无聊的退休生活。作者在退休后到一所高中继续教学, 用自己的英语知识继续为社会做贡献。从而也证明了对社会做贡献没有年龄限制。1. A. decide B. desireC. hateD. fail【解析】选C。根据上文说, 大多数人退休后在家百无聊赖, 由上文的“But”可知, “我”
30、与他们不一样, 故选“不喜欢(hate)”, 故选C。2. A. historyB. EnglishC. physicsD. Chinese【解析】选B。根据最后一段中的“I can share my knowledge of English with my students”可知, “我”在学校教的是英语(English), 故选B。3. A. parentsB. teachersC. friendsD. schoolmates【解析】选A。根据上句“As Mothers Day approached that year, . . . ”可知, 随着母亲节的临近, “我”决定为学生和他们的父
31、母(parents)举办一个晚会。故选A项。4. A. continuedB. refusedC. plannedD. hesitated【解析】选C。句意: 在中国老师的帮助下, “我”计划举办一场比赛。根据句意可知, “我”决定要办一个晚会, 自然就要计划(plan)一些事。故选C。5. A. thoughtfulB. expensiveC. commonD. shabby【解析】选A。根据文章可知, 在母亲节到来之际, 为表达对父母的爱而动手做的礼物应该是体贴的(thoughtful), 而不是expensive(昂贵的), shabby(低劣的); 根据后面的original(独创的)
32、可知, 不会是common (常见的, 共同的)。故选A。6. A. proudB. amusedC. guiltyD. skeptical【解析】选D。根据后文和“However”可知, “我”对说服学生们告诉他们家长来参加晚会持怀疑态度。proud自豪的; amused被逗乐的; guilty内疚的; skeptical怀疑的。故选D。7. A. disappointedB. confidentC. surprisedD. anxious【解析】选C。根据下文可知, 大部分家长抽时间来了, 让“我”很惊讶(surprised)。disappointed失望的; confident自信的;
33、anxious焦急的, 均不符合语境。故选C。8. A. forcingB. beggingC. forbiddingD. permitting【解析】选D。句意: “我”的计划包括允许每个学生站在全班面前, 自由地表达他或她对母亲的感情。分析句意可知, 应该用permit(允许)。故选D。9. A. silentlyB. freelyC. quicklyD. merely【解析】选B。句意: “我”的计划包括允许每个学生站在全班面前, 自由地表达他或她对母亲的感情。silently寂静地, 沉默地; freely自由地, 随意地; quickly快速地; merely仅仅, 只不过。故选B。
34、10. A. considerateB. selflessC. honestD. mild【解析】选A。句意: “我”的一些学生很体贴, 同时用中英文发表他们的演讲。学生担心父母或老师听不懂他们的讲话, 所以用两种语言, 这很体贴。considerate体贴的, 考虑周到的; selfless无私的, 忘我的; honest诚实的; mild温柔的, 温和的。故选A。11. A. took part inB. caught up withC. gave way toD. got rid of【解析】选D。句意: “我”的害羞的学生摆脱了胆怯, 优雅地站在全班面前, 表达他们对妈妈的爱。分析句意
35、可知, 学生摆脱了胆怯。take part in参加; catch up with赶上; give way to让位给; get rid of摆脱。故选D。12. A. forgivenessB. supportC. regretD. love【解析】选D。句意: “我”的害羞的学生摆脱了胆怯, 优雅地站在全班面前, 表达他们对妈妈的爱。forgiveness 宽恕, 原谅; support支持; regret后悔, 遗憾; love爱。故选D。13. A. hold backB. give upC. note downD. put out【解析】选A。母亲们无法控制自己喜悦的眼泪。hold
36、back控制; give up放弃; note down 记下; put out出版, 扑灭。故选A。14. A. ifB. althoughC. whenD. because【解析】选C。句意: “我”为我的学生感到无比自豪。当我请学生给他们的母亲呈上他们手工制作的礼物时, 我又一次感到惊讶。故选C。15. A. toolsB. foodsC. giftsD. clothes【解析】选C。tool工具; food食物; gift礼物; clothes衣服。根据第三段中的“original gift”可知, 选C。16. A. generosityB. creativityC. determi
37、nationD. contribution【解析】选B。根据第三段中的“original gift”可知要用“创造性”。generosity慷慨, 大方; creativity创造性, 创造力; determination决心, 决定; contribution贡献, 捐赠。故选B。17. A. classB. partyC. conferenceD. feast【解析】选B。根据上文可知, 举行的是晚会(party), 因此此处指在晚会的最后, 故选B。18. A. entertainmentB. childhoodC. moneyD. retirement【解析】选D。根据最后一段中的“I
38、 dont have to . I can share my knowledge of English with my students. . . Age is not a limit”可知, 作者在第一段提出自己不会像其他人一样退休后在家无所事事, 而那天晚上的晚会加强了作者对生活和退休 (retirement)的态度, 即要尽力发挥自己的余热。故选D。19. A. hang outB. stay homeC. go abroadD. hold on【解析】选B。句意: “我”意识到我不必待在家里。根据下一句可知, 不必待在家里(stay home), 与第一段中的“they will sp
39、end the rest of their lives at home, bored to death”相呼应。hang out闲逛; go abroad出国; hold on坚持, 均不符合题意。故选B。20. A. teachingB. wanderingC. touringD. studying【解析】选A。句意: “我”可以通过在学校的教学与学生们分享我的英语知识, 并在他们的生活中产生积极的影响。年龄不是限制。根据上文可知, 作者是一位英语老师, 在学校应该是教学(teach)。wander徘徊, 漫游; tour旅游; study研究, 学习, 均不符合题意。故选A。. 语法填空阅
40、读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Two-way communication is a process where two people are able to communicate in an interactive (互动的) way. This means that one person expresses an idea, which 1. (receive) and understood by the other person. 2. receiver processes what has been said, and returns with a m
41、essage, 3. (allow) both sides in this process to communicate and understand each other. Two-way communication can also refer 4. a type of process where a company and another group exchange ideas. The basic idea behind two-way communication is that there are two people 5. (concern) and each one is ab
42、le to express himself and receive information from the other. It is different from forms of communication in 6. only one person is able to express himself, such as a radio or television broadcast. In this type of communication the 7. (able) for people to express their ideas 8. (clear) is vital to th
43、is process. Finally have the 9. (aware) that non-verbal(非语言) communication is typically used 10. (ensure) that one person understands the other accurately, though verbal forms of expression are often important. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了双向沟通的特点及作用。1. 【解析】is received。考查动词的时态及语态。此处which 引导非限制性定语从句, 作主语, 后
44、面需要谓语, 采用被动语态和一般现在时。2. 【解析】The。考查冠词。该句中的receiver是指上一句中的the other person, 表特指, 故用定冠词。3. 【解析】allowing。考查非谓语动词。allowing意为“使能够”, 为现在分词作状语, 表示必然结果。句意: 收到信息的一方处理所说的话, 并回以信息, 使得双方在这个过程中彼此交流, 互相理解。4. 【解析】to。考查动词短语。refer to意为“提及, 参考, 指的是”。5. 【解析】concerned。考查非谓语动词。concerned “所涉及的”, 作people的后置定语。6. 【解析】which。考
45、查定语从句。句意: 它不同于只有一方能够表达自己意见的通讯形式, 例如无线电或电视广播。根据句意可知, 此处是限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词communication。7. 【解析】ability。考查词性转换。句意: 在这种交流中, 每一方都能清楚地表达自己的观点, 这对这个过程至关重要。此处定冠词后跟名词。8. 【解析】clearly。考查词性转换。clearly意为“清楚地”, 修饰动词express。9. 【解析】awareness。考查词性转换。此处用于定冠词后, 应用名词形式。10. 【解析】to ensure。考查非谓语动词。句意: 为了确保一方能够准确理解另一方的意思, 非语言形式的表达通常也被用到, 尽管语言形式的表达很重要。根据句意可知此处用动词不定式表示目的。