1、UNIT 5 LAUNCHING YOUR CAREER课后培优微积累战高考，训练提分点简化与合并概要写作要求用60词左右概括一篇350词左右的文章，因此需要对冗杂的信息进行简化和合并，以达到概括的目的。简化和合并信息可以采用下列几种技巧：1删除细节：剔除细节信息，只保留主干内容。In addition, if the school buys automatic hand dryers, we can save money.There is a terrible waste of paper towels in the restrooms.Additionally, it can help t
2、he school save money.2简化描述：把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了好几个句子，那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。 There were 30 cows on the farm that his grandmother had to milk every day.It was hard work for his grandmother.His grandmother worked hard milking 30 cows daily.3避免重复：在原文中，为了强调某个主题，可能会重复，应该删除或者合并这些重复信息。 They were waitin
3、g for the meeting to begin.They talked with each other.They talked about the womens football team.The team had won victories in Guangzhou.While waiting for the meeting to begin, they talked about the victories won by the womens football team in Guangzhou.4压缩长句：有些句子比较冗长，可以进行压缩和简化，使之简洁。His courage in
4、battle might without exaggeration be called lionlike.He was very brave in battle.5使用词组代替整句或者从句。Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past.Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train a
5、nd bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.6使用概括性的词代
6、替具体的词。She brought home several Chinese and English novels, a few copies of Time and Newsweek and some textbooks.She intended to read all of them during the winter vocation.She brought home a lot of books to read during the vocation.7运用主从复合句合并信息：主从复合句即我们常用的名词性从句、状语从句和定语从句。可根据信息的不同作用选择不同的从句进行合并信息。Well
7、 also spend some fun time together, singing, dancing and playing games.We hope it will make them happy.Well also spend some fun time together，which we hope will make them happy.8运用同位语合并信息：对人物、事物、地点做出解释的信息可采用在名词后面插入同位语的方式合并。Li is a new student.He comes from a southern province.He speaks a dialect.We
8、find it hard to understand his dialect.Li，a new student from a southern province, speaks a dialect which is hard for us to understand.小试牛刀1Motionsensing hand dryers are a practical alternative to paper towels(纸巾).I believe that our school would benefit from investing in automatic hand dryers in all
9、the restrooms.Compared_with_paper_towels,_hand_dryers_have_more_advantages,_which_will_benefit_our_school_in_four_ways.2First of all, the automatic hand dryer is very sanitary(卫生的).No bacteria can get on them because there is nothing to touch.First,_they_are_clean_and_healthy_because_bacteria_cant_t
10、ouch_kids.3When people dry their hands for at least 30 seconds, automatic dryers actually dry much better than paper towels.It is difficult to get every part of your hand dry using paper towels, but the air can if you take a few extra seconds.Besides,_it_can_dry_our_hands_more_effectively_if_we_take
11、_longer_time.4As you see there are some good points, lets install automatic hand dryers as soon as possible.Therefore,_the_school_is_advised_to_fix_the_equipment_at_once.5You can obtain a large amount of information on the Internet nowadays.Abundant_information_is_available_on_the_Internet.6Dairy co
12、ws were raised on the farm, which was located 200 kilometers from the nearest university and was in an area that was remote.The_dairy_farm_was_located_in_a_remote_area,_200_kilometers_from_the_nearest_university.7In the fall, not only did the cows have to be milked, but also the hay was mowed by my
13、grandfathers family.In_the_fall,_my_grandfathers_family_not_only_milked_the_cow_but_also_mowed_the_hay.8Although a lot of people were strongly against it, three more nuclear power stations were built.Another_three_nuclear_power_stations_were_built_despite_the_strong_opposition.9Besides, one has to c
14、onsider whom he is spending the holiday with.Another_consideration_is_the_companion.10A private American organization called Population Action International (PAL)has just conducted a study and says more than 335 million people, who mostly live in poor areas, do not have enough water for daily life a
15、nd work.According_to_a_study,_more_than_335_million_people,_mostly_living_in_poor_areas,_are_suffering_from_water_shortage.阅读理解语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与自我人物故事印章雕刻大师韩天衡的艺术探索之路Han Tianheng picked up a carving tool at the age of 6 and never put it down.Today，the 79yearold artist，one of Chinas most respected living
16、 masters of seal carving (印章雕刻)，calligraphy and Chinese painting，still remembers the incidentthe first time he held a knife in his hand.“I cut my thumb badly and was horrified by the bloody sight，”he said，adding that his mother applied ashes because she couldnt afford to take him to a hospital.“ The
17、 cut left a scar，which is still clear today.”However，the incident didnt set him back.Instead，it aroused his passion for the ancient art form.He was determined to pursue a path that would lead to a career in seal carving.The journey of art exploration was a little bumpy (颠簸的) for the young man in his
18、 quest for excellence，and his seal works were harshly criticized by a famous old painter.Most people would have been crushed by the criticism，not Han.It made him even more determined.After six months hard work，he visited the painter again.“That time，he asked me to carve a seal for him.That was affir
19、mation，” Han said.“Praise and criticism are what an artist should learn to handle all his life.Praise is candy and criticism is medicine.We can live without candy，but cannot live without medicine when ill.”Han rose to fame during the early 1960s，famous for bird and insect seal art.Hans seals are an
20、essential ending part on the paintings of a long list of established artists.“A seal for a good painting is like the buttons for an haute couture(高档女子时装).An experienced tailor always knows how to choose buttons that match the whole style，”Han said.His seals are full of varietythe grand and solemn st
21、yle for Liu Haisus paintings，the light and vivid style for Lu Yanshaos，and the graceful and gentle style for Xie Zhilius.“A good seal carver should keep his own style，and at the same time go well with the paintings style，” he said.文章大意：韩天衡是中国最受尊敬的印章雕刻大师之一，自从他6岁拿起一个雕刻工具起，就开始了他的艺术探索之路，途中虽有艰辛和挫折，但他没有放弃
22、，经过刻苦努力最终成名。1What influence did the incident have on Han when he was six?AHe got injured very seriously.BHe learned how to use a knife.CIt aroused his interest in seal carving.DIt helped him learn how hard life was.解析：C考查细节理解。根据第三段第一、二句可知，这次事故并没有使他退缩，而是唤醒了他对印章雕刻的兴趣，故选C项。 2Which words best describes
23、Hans journey of art exploration?ASmooth and fruitful. BInspiring and lucky.CBoring but worthwhile. DTough but rewarding.解析：D考查推理判断。根据第四段的内容可知，他的艺术探索之路有艰辛(追求卓越时有挫折而且他的雕刻作品遭到一位著名老画家的批评)，再结合第七段表述的他在二十世纪六十年代初因鸟类和昆虫印章艺术而成名可推知，对他的艺术探索之路的评价应是“虽然艰辛但有回报”，故选D项。3In Hans opinion，what do an experienced tailor an
24、d a good seal carver share?AThe huge respect they earn.BThe flexibility they display at work.CThe specific customers they serve.DThe efforts they have to make to succeed.解析：B考查细节理解。根据第八段表述的一件好的绘画作品的印章就像是高级女子时装上的纽扣，有经验的裁缝总是知道如何选择纽扣，以搭配整体风格以及倒数最后一段中的“A good seal carver.go well with the paintings style
25、”可知，有经验的裁缝和优秀的印章雕刻家的共性就是他们在工作上所表现的灵活性，故B项正确。4In which section of a newspaper does this text most probably appear?AEducation. BEvents.CEntertainment. DPeople.解析：D考查推理判断。本文主要讲述了中国印章雕刻大师韩天衡的艺术探索之路，故可推知，本文可能摘自报纸的“人物”版块，故D项正确。.完形填空语篇类型记叙文主题语境人与社会人际关系鼓励的力量(2021山东省新高考名校交流联考)I did not remember her, but rece
26、ntly her email note surprised me.The email began，“We met in a subway train in Queens”Fate had _1_ us next to each other.She _2_ that she had been sad and depressed.Her sad feelings did not _3_ me.I continued to talk to her about _4_ and love.I gave her quote cards that she put in her bag.At home she
27、 was _5_ to find the words on the quote cards resonated(共鸣) with her present situation.She became very happy and her _6_ heart wanted to see me again to thank me about the _7_ she received.She _8_ me for 3 years with no _9_She did not know I was connected to KindSpring.Last week she talked with her
28、family and thought I might be working at KindSpring.org.In an email to KindSpring, not knowing my _10_， she explained my face and our _11_I am very grateful to KindSpring for going the extra mile to find my email ID and be the connecting _12_ between us.Fatemah is eager to meet me when I visit New Y
29、ork next year.She said my _13_ changed her life.I have _14_ probably over fifty thousand cards，but the one she received is _15_文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。在地铁上作者和一个叫法蒂玛的女孩偶遇并坐在一起，作者的鼓励卡让这个女孩摆脱了痛苦，重获新生。多年来，心怀感恩的法蒂玛一直在寻找作者。最终两人再次联系上了。1Aintroduced BsavedCseated Dcheated解析：C根据前面的“We met in a subway train in Queens”可知
30、，作者和这个女孩在地铁里相遇，命运让两人挨着坐在了一起。seat 使就座，符合语境。故选C。2Awrote BforgotCrealized Dguessed解析：A她写到她一直很悲伤和沮丧。根据前面的“but recently her email note surprised me”可知，作者最近收到了女孩的邮件，在邮件中，女孩描写了她那时的情绪状态。故选A。3Amove BbotherCstop Dsurprise解析：C根据后面的“I continued to talk to her”可知，女孩糟糕的情绪并没有阻止作者继续与其交谈。stop 阻止，符合语境。故选C。4Afriendshi
31、p BlossCsadness Dhope解析：D根据前面的“she had been sad and depressed”和后面的“and love”可知，作者继续和女孩谈论希望和爱的话题。所以才有了后来这个女孩的改变。故选D。5Ashocked BexcitedCembarrassed Dpuzzled解析：A根据后面的“to find the words on the quote cards resonated with her present situation”可知，作者给她的卡片上的文字与她当时的境况是有共鸣的，所以当她看到卡片上面的话语时感到很震惊。故选A。6Aanxious B
32、gratefulCbroken Dcurious解析：B根据后面的“wanted to see me again to thank me”可知，这个女孩变得非常高兴，感恩的心使她想再次见到作者并向作者道谢。grateful 感激的，符合语境。故选B。7Alesson BkindnessCrespect Dsympathy解析：B根据前面的“She became very happy”和后面的内容可知，女孩受到了鼓舞，重新获得了幸福，她对从作者那里获得的善意深表感谢。kindness 善意，符合语境。故选B。8Aturned down Brelied onCpassed over Dsearch
33、ed for解析：D根据后面的“She did not know I was connected to KindSpring”及上下文语境可知，为了感恩，她3年来一直都在寻找作者。search for寻找，符合语境。故选D。9Acomplaints BexcusesCresults Dregrets解析：C根据后面的“She did not know I was connected to KindSpring”可知，这三年以来，女孩一直都在寻找作者，但是一直没有找到。with no result没有结果。故选C。10Acolleagues BnameCboss Dappearance解析：B根
34、据后面的she explained my face and our _及上下文语境可知，在给KindSpring的电子邮件中，由于她不知道作者的名字，所以她描述了作者的长相和当时见面时的情景。故选B。11Apromise BappointmentCmeeting Dmisunderstanding解析：C根据上下文语境可知，这个女孩通过描述作者的相貌和当时见面的情景，让别人知道她要寻找的人是谁。故选C。12.Abridge BbarrierCperson Dway解析：A根据前面的“I am very grateful to KindSpring for going the extra mil
35、e to find my email ID”可知，KindSpring帮助女孩找到了作者，它成为了他们之间得以再次见面的桥梁。故选A。13Avisit BtalkCemail Dwork解析：B根据前面的“talk to her”可知，在地铁上作者与法蒂玛的那次交谈改变了女孩的一生。故选B。14Apaid for Bsold outCused up Dgiven away解析：D由上文语境可知，作者送给这个女孩一张卡片，现在可能共赠送出了5万多张卡片。give away 赠送，符合语境。故选D。15Awellkept BspeciallymadeCworthless Dpriceless解析：
36、D根据上文语境可知，作者与女孩的那次交谈对女孩的影响很大，所以说作者送给女孩的那张卡片是无价的。priceless 无价的，极其珍贵的，符合语境。故选D。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021山东省师范大学附属中学模拟)Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest.Doing something meaningful can also gain special pleasure.When the final bell rang, the students were reminded that t
37、here was no school on Mondaythe Labor Day.“Enjoy your extra day off，”said the teacher to her class.An extra day of fun suited Kayla just fine.She loved breaks.She wanted to go out to play with her friends.When the school bus dropped Kayla off, she ran into the house happily.“How was school, Kayla？”a
38、sked her mom.“It was great, Mom.I am excited about no school on Monday.”“You just started back to school two weeks ago.Already in need of a break, huh？” asked Kaylas mom with a laugh.Kayla slept in the next morning.Saturday was her favorite day of the week.It rained most of the day, so Kayla enjoyed
39、 playing video games inside.On Sunday, her friends came over and they played basketball for several hours.Then it was Labor Day, you know, the extra day off that Kayla was so looking forward to.But Kayla was awakened early that morning by her dad.He told Kayla that in honor of Labor Day, the family
40、would be cleaning both inside and outside the house.Kayla couldnt believe it.This was a holidayA day when she was supposed to be enjoying freshly squeezed lemonade while playing in her tree house.As Kayla wiped her eyes, she began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.“Kayla, your breakfast is read
41、y.We have a lot of work to do today.Lets get a move on，” said Kaylas mom.As she sat down at the kitchen table, Kayla asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today? Isnt Labor Day a holiday？”“Yes, Kayla.It is，”replied her dad.“But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you app
42、reciate why Labor Day was observed in the first place.”注意：1.续写的词数应为150左右；2请按照如下格式在相应位置作答。One possible versionParagraph 1：At first, Kayla felt disappointed at her parentsplan for the holiday.How eagerly she wanted to go out to play with her friends! She was against the annoying plan from the bottom o
43、f her heart, but she had no choice.First, Kayla was arranged to wash the breakfast dishes.After that, she was asked to give their puppy a bath.She knew it was a hard task, which needed a lot of tiring, careful and patient work.She has begun the work with great unwillingness.Paragraph 2：But things be
44、gan to change as she was doing the chores.Brushing the puppy, she found it was a lot of fun with so many soap bubbles.Then it was on to yard work where Kayla helped to pick up sticks.She pretended the small sticks were basketballs, and shot them into a large trash can.So the work was done with great pleasure.Kayla felt proud to see how much better the yard looked.When she finished her meaningful chores, Kayla enjoyed relaxing in her tree house.The lemonade tasted wonderful after a hard day of work.10