1、考点03 代词【命题解读】代词在近年高考试题中出现频率非常高。代词的考查集中在语法填空和短文改错中，主要考查代词的主格，宾格，形容词性物主代词，名词性物主代词和反身代词。【命题预测】预计2021年高考命题将继续考查代词在具体、特定语境下的灵活运用。特别是不定代词one，the one，ones，the ones与指示代词this，that，these，those，it的用法区别，代词的肯定与否定、全部与部分的用法以及反身代词的惯用语。考点仍然以人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词等为主。【复习建议】纵观历年高考试题，对代词的考查主要集中在以下几个方面：1. 不定代词one，the one，o
2、nes，the ones，another，the other的用法, many, much, few, little, a few, a little的用法辨析；以及 both, all, any, either, neither, none 的辨析；2. 物主代词的用法；3. 人称代词主格和宾格的用法；4. 表示两者和多者的不定代词的比较；5. 指示代词 this，that，these，those，it的用法；6. another，(the) other(s)，else，the rest的用法；7. every-，some-，any-，no与-thing，-one，-body构成的复合不定代
3、词的用法。在解题时一定要明确考点，对比分析，对症下药，尤其是要掌握容易混淆的代词的辨析。高考频度： 代词的考查要点代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。一、 人称代词人称代词形式数、格人称单数复数 主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyour第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit1.人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下四种情况：作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。Susan，g
4、o and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why me？John is sitting there doing nothing.句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致。The thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格，故用he替代)They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她。(me是宾格，故用her替代)作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。I met her in the hospital.It was her w
5、ho I met in the hospital.在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别：I like Jack as much as her.I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.I like Jack and she likes him，too.2.两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：在并列主语中，I总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三 一(人称)。宾格me也一样。You，she and I will be in charge of the
6、case.Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.1. （2020新课标I卷短文改错）“Not that way,” my mom tried to stop us but failed.【答案】us me 【解析】纵观全文可知，此文以第一人称的口吻叙述，并且做菜的只有“我一人”，故将 us 改为 me。2. （2020新课标II卷短文改错）Best of luck with yours learning kungfu in China.【答案】yours your/you 考查代词。【解析】作介词宾语的动名词前可以用人称代词的宾格形式或形容词性物主
7、代词作其逻辑主语，此处 learning kungfu 为动名词 短语，因此将 yours 改为 your 或 you。 3. （2020新课标II卷短文改错）But he insists on us eating healthy food.【答案】he she 考查代词。【解析】根据上下文可知，本句句意为“但是母亲坚持让我们吃健康的食物”，故应用人称代词 she 指代母亲。 二、 物主代词物主代词形式意义类别我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他们的形容词性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshishersoursyourstheirs1. 物主代词分形
8、容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词，在句子中作前置定语，不能单独使用。But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s但是我与熊猫的联系追溯到二十世纪八十年代，我在电视节目中的日子。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”可单独充当句子的主语，表语和宾语。Your coat is black. Mine is red.There is something wrong with my phone. May I use yours?Data about
9、 the moons composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 【答案】【解析】its 根据句子结构和句意可知此处应用形容词性物主代词 its 作名词plans 的定语。三、 反身代词反身代词形式 人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself/herself/itself复数ourselvesyo
10、urselvesthemselves1.反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。2.反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。devote oneself to致力于dress oneself自己穿衣enjoy oneself过得快活feel oneself觉得正常3.反身代词还可用于某些成语中。for oneself为自己；独立地of oneself自然地；自动地by oneself独自地in oneself本身1. (2020.7.山东新高考)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simula
11、tions (模拟) and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or walking (walk) through a rainforest.42. themselves 句意为：想象他们自己生活在一个不同的历史时期。此处为“imagine sb doing sth”结构，living 是动名词短语作 imagine 的宾语，反身代词 themselves 是 living 的逻辑主语。 2.（2019新课标卷III短文改错）In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves i
12、n the historical environment that is created for them.【答案】yourselves改为themselves【解析】考查代词的用法。customers是句子的主语，故把 yourselves改为 themselves。3.（2019北京卷语法填空）Nervously _facing_ (face) challenges, I know I will whisper to _3_(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.【答案】myself 【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简
13、单的字“做你自己”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。四、 相互代词(each other，one another)相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为each others，one anothers，作定语。一般来说，each other指两者之间，one another指三者或三者以上之间，但现在区分已不明显。五、指示代词(this，that，these，those，such，same)指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。1.指示代词this(these)和that(those)的区别。
14、this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this：the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday. Thats why he didnt come
15、.为了避免重复，常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.this在电话用语中用于作自我介绍，that用于询问对方；this和that可以当副词用，意思相当于副词so。Can hard work change a person that much?考向1 对替代词的考查1. that(those), one(ones)和it(的替代用法)代词用法it特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物t
16、hat可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词，指代单数可数名词相当于the one。其复数形式为those，相当于the onesone指代前面出现过的那类事物中的一个，其复数形式为onesthose指the名词复数(尤其是有后置定语时)Did you get a ticket?你搞到票了吗？Yes, I managed to get one.是的，我设法搞到了一张。The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Guangzhou.北京的天气比广州冷。Studying Wendys menu，I found that many of the
17、items are similar to those of McDonalds.研究了温迪的菜单，我发现其中很多东西和麦当劳的相似。The weather here is too cold. I dont like it. 这儿的天气太冷了，我不喜欢这儿的天气。说明：one和that都可以用来替代上文中所出现的名词，有时可以互换；但是在下列情况下不可以互换：只能用that只能用onethat既可替代可数名词，也可替代不可数名词，常要求有后置定语，一般不指人，复数形式为those。one只能替代可数名词单数，复数形式为ones。当可数名词前有形容词修饰时，只能用onethe ones用来替代上文
18、提到的特指的复数名词，有时可以用those代替，尤其在有后置定语的情况下。The books on the desk are better than those/the ones under the desk.桌上的那些书比桌下的好。Only those(the ones)who had booked in advance were allowed in.只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。但是，the ones中的ones根据情况可用形容词修饰，而those不可以。Which do you want?你想要哪个?Ill have the red ones.我要红色的。Dont buy the ex
19、pensive apples; get the cheaper ones.别买那价钱贵的苹果，买那便宜的。【知识链接】1. 当替代词one / ones 紧跟在形容词最高级、序数词以及this, that, these, those, which, either, neither, another等限定词之后时，通常可以省略。如：I think my dogs the fastest (one). 我想我的狗是跑得最快的(一只)。Either (one) will suit me. (这两个当中)哪一个对我都合适。Lets have another (one). 咱们再来一个吧。She loo
20、ked at each (one) carefully before she chose. 她仔细地看了看每一个，然后才挑选。Which (one) would you like?That (one) looks the nicest. 您要哪一个?看起来那个最好。2. 复数形式的ones之前一般不直接用名词所有格、物主代词、数词以及 some, any, both, several, dozen, own 等词修饰。如：Have you got any drawing-pins? Can I borrow some please? 你有图钉吗?我能借一些吗? (不能说：some ones?)
21、Do you have any new diaries?We dont have any at the moment. 你有没有新的日记本?我们眼下一本也没有了。(不能说：. any ones? )He has three dictionaries and I have only two. 他有三本词典，但我只有两本。(不能说：. two ones.)注：如果ones前有描绘性形容词修饰，则可以使用上述词语。如：误：her ones / some ones / any ones / five ones / your own ones正：her red ones / some new ones
22、/ any old ones / five bad ones / your own nice ones在美国英语中，ones不能紧跟在these和those之后。但是在英国英语中可以这样用(也不常见)。3. 当一个名词受另一个名词修饰时，通常不宜用one(s)来替代。如：Do you need coffee cups or tea cups? 你们需要咖啡杯还是要茶杯? (不能说：. or tea ones? )但若一个名词受表材料的名词修饰，可用one(s)替代。如：We can lend you plastic chairs or metal ones. 我们可以借给你塑料椅子或者金属椅子
23、。1.（2019天津卷单项填空）A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them【答案】B【解析】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故
24、选B。2.Usually there might be a lot of accidents in the heavy fog. I happened to witness _ this morning. A. itB. those C. one D. that 【答案与解析】C【解析】句意：通常在大雾天会有很多事故。今天早上我碰巧目击了一起事故。根据语境可知，此处指上句提到的一起交通事故，故用one代替。即C项正确。 3.I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to bu
25、y _. A. one B. it C. this D. that【答案】B【解析】it=the house with a beautiful garden in front。句意：我很喜欢屋前有一个美丽花园的这栋房子，但是我没有足够的钱去把它买下来。4.Studying Wendys menu, I found that many of the items are similar to _ of McDonalds . A. those B. ones C. any D. all 【答案】A【解析】those=the ones, 代指前面的many of the items，表示复数、特指，
26、被of McDonalds修饰，符合语境。ones表示复数、泛指；any任何一个；all全部，均不符合语境，故排除。句意：研究一下Wendy餐馆的菜单，我发现其中许多与麦当劳的菜单项目非常相似。考向2 对both，all，either，any，neither，none 的考查1.The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but _ contained any useful suggestions.A. allB. noneC. eitherD. neither【答案】D【解析】all全部；none没有一个；eith
27、er两个中任何一个；两者都不。根据该句意思：那个研究小组在调査的基础上得出了两个报告，但是两个报告里面都没有任何有用的建议。故选D。2.When shall I call , in the morning or afternoon?_. Ill be in all day .A. Any B. None C. Neither D. Either 【答案】D【解析】句意：我什么时候打电话过来？早晨还是下午？都可以，我一直都在。根据句意可知是在早晨和下午这两种情况中做出选择。AB通常都表示三者或者三者以上的情况，neither表示两者都不。故D正确。3.Although Rosemary had
28、suffered from a serious illness for years, she lost _ of her enthusiasm for life. A. no one B. neither C .none D. all 【答案】C【解析】no one没有人；neither表示否定两者，题干没有两者提示，因此不选；表示三者以上的否定意用none。句意：罗斯玛丽这么多年遭受了严重疾病所带来的痛苦，但是她一点也没有丧失对生活的热情。4.My brother would like to buy a good watch but _ was available from that sho
29、p.A. nothingB. noneC. no oneD. neither【答案】B【解析】这里要注意是在那家店里没有买到，就是说店里的任何一块表都不可用的，有一个特定的范围，用none。nothing指物，什么都不是；none既可指人也可指物，强调没有一个；no one只能指人；neither表两者都不，故此题选B。句意：我哥哥想买一块好表，但是在那家店里没有合适的。考向3 对 another，the other，other，others，the others 的考查代词用法other不能单独使用，只能修饰名词，表示泛指意义the otherthe other可单独使用，特指两个人或物中的
30、另一个；也可修饰名词，表示另外的another单独使用或修饰单数可数名词，表示泛指另一，再一；泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的另一个。另外another后可接基数词/few复数名词形式，表示另外的(多少)others单独使用，表示泛指意义，意为其他的人或事物，常与some一起出现the others意为剩余的一些His parents both work in a hospital. One is a doctor and the other is a nurse.他父母都在一家医院工作。一个是医生，一个是护士。When Americans moved from one place to ano
31、ther，they took their dialects with them.当美国人从一个地方迁移到另一个地方时，他们带着自己的方言。You are a team star！Working with others is really your cup of tea.你是队里的明星！与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。I have three daughters. One is a nurse，another is a teacher and still another is a worker.我有三个女儿。一个是护士，另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。We need another few chai
32、rs.我们还需要几把椅子。1.(2018新课标卷I短文改错) The first time I went there, they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and another animals.【答案】another改为other【解析】他们住在一个小房子里，院子里有狗、鸭子和其他牲畜。根据句意可知，将another改成other。2.Would you get me a bar of chocolate from the kitchen, dear?_ one? A. Other B. Every C. Another D
33、. More【答案】C【解析】another 与数词连用时，数词放在another的后面，如another three chairs; other和more与数词连用时，数词放在它们的前面，如one more apple, two other boys；every指每一个，含义与all接近。因此选C。句意：亲爱的，可不可以到厨房里给我拿一块巧克力来？还要吃一块？3.To stay awake, he finished a cup of coffee and ordered _.A. the other B. otherC. the others D. another【答案】D【解析】两者中另一
34、个用the other。不定数目(两个以上)中的另一个用another句意：为了保持清醒，他喝完了一杯咖啡，又要了一杯。4.You are the team star! Working with _ is really your cup of tea.A. both B. either C. others D. the other【答案】C【解析】句意：你是球队明星！与他人合作必定是你的拿手好戏。习语ones cup of tea意为the type of thing or person that you like。5.Neither side is prepared to talk to _
35、 unless we can smooth thing over between them.A. others B. the other C. another D. one other 【答案】B【解析】neither含有两者都不之意，一方对应另一方，故用the other指两者中的另一个。句意：除非我们能够清除他们之间的障碍，否则双方没有一方愿意同另一方谈话。题组一基础过关用适当的代词填空1.The cost of renting a house in central Xian is higher than _ in any other area of the city.2.May I as
36、k for leave tomorrow?No，you cant._ applying for the scholarship must be present.3.I dislike _ when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger.4.If youre buying todays paper from the stand，could you get _ for me?5.Speed up. 70 km/h isnt fast enough. You are holding up the traffic， anothe
37、r voice ordered from the seat next to _ (I).6.She asked _ (I) name and said she didnt remember me.7.Years have passed. Now，every time I sit down to write _ new，I think of Mr Gough.8.Both teams were in hard training；_ was willing to lose the game.9.How many students are there in the classroom now?_.
38、I have locked it.10.Saying is one thing and doing is _.题组二 能力提升I语法填空1.(2020哈三中质检) By that time, the panda no longer needed (it)mother for food. 2.（2020.绥化一中三模）A few hours earlier, Id been at home in Hong Kong, with (it) choking smog. 3.The girl was sitting on the chair quietly, burying _ (she) in th
39、e magazine in the hands.4.My father kept _(him) word and treated me to a wonderful sightseeing trip after I won the contest.5.I wish to thank Mr. Smith, and without _(he) help I would never have got this far.6.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a witch,
40、 both of _ （they）murdered by an evil wizard.7.If you want to go to the party with me, you should behave (you) well.8.Generation after generation, our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of _(us).9.No matter when I go to a post office and no matter where the post offic
41、e is, I always find _ (me) standing in a line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.10. On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother. II. I.单项选择1.What do you think about that new librarian? She is _ of a good clerk, for she even doesnt kno
42、w how to classify the books.A. somebody B. nothing C. something D. nobody 2.College students should learn to compromise. But some of them only expect people to change for them, not _ way around.A. anotherB. the otherC. otherD. any other3. Almost 90% of the most popular video games contain violence,
43、and much of _ is extremely violent. A. whichB. itC. themD. those4.According to the Gini Index, the degree of wealth concentration in China has risen by a third in the past 35 years and now is larger than _ of the US.A. thisB. oneC. thatD. such5.Ive sold my first painting!This is really _! Someone ac
44、tually thinks your painting fantastic.A. everything B. anythingC. nothing D. something6.Its one thing to send a short message but _ to hove the person receiving the message actually do something. A. another B. other C. the other D. others7.If I had ever feared death before, it was _ compared to how
45、I felt as the roller coaster moved faster and faster. A. anythingB. something C. everything D. nothing8. Actually, Einsteins theory of relativity and his other scientific works are not _ hard to understand with a little study.A. such B. thatC. onlyD. thus9. Tina has got a new dictionary and Im eager
46、 to have _ as well. A. thatB. itC. thisD. one10. Hangzhou is really a beautiful city, so we have decided to stay for _ two days. A. otherB. anotherC. the otherD. others题组三 体验真题1. （2020新课标I卷短文改错）Data about the moons composition, such as how 69 ice and other treasures it contains, could help China dec
47、ide whether 70 (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 2.（2020新课标I卷短文改错）Not that way，my mom tried to stop us but failed.3.（2020新课标II卷短文改错）Best of luck with yours learning kung fu in China. 4.（2020山东卷语法填空）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟)
48、 and imagine 42 (they) living at a different time in history or 43（walking）(walk)through a rainforest.5.【2019天津卷单项填空】3.A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than _who are not.A. onesB. thoseC. theseD. them6. （2019.北京卷）I know I will whisper to _(I) the two
49、simple words “Be yourself”.7.（2018.全国卷III）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find (they) alive. 8.（2018.浙江卷）Many westerners that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.9.（2016浙江）In many ways , the educatio
50、n system in the US is not very different from _in the UK.A. that B. this C. one D. it10.（2015重庆）The meeting will be held in September, but_ knows the date for sure.A. everybodyB. nobody C. anybody D. somebody题组一基础过关用适当的代词填空1.that2.Anyone3.it4.one5.mine/me6.my7.something8.neither9.None10.another题组二能力
51、提升I语法填空1. 【答案】its.【解析】考查代词。观察句子结构可知，它的妈妈，用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故填its.2. 【答案】its 【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its.3.【答案】herself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：女孩安静地坐在椅子上，把自己埋在手中的杂志里。与主句主语the girl相呼应，用反身代词herself，故填herself.4.【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我赢得比赛后，我父亲遵守了他的诺言，带我去游览了一番。keep ones word守信；遵守诺言，固定短语，设空处应用其形容词性物主代词形式。故填his.5.【答案】
52、his【解析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：我要感谢史密斯先生，如果没有他的帮助，我不可能走到今天这一步。因此空格处为his，故填his.6.【答案】them【解析】考查人称代词。句意：然而，他后来发现他的父亲是一个巫师，他的母亲是一个女巫，他们都被一个邪恶的巫师谋杀了。此处指代他的父母，应用人称代词，位于介词之后，用宾格。故填them.7.【答案】yourself【解析】考查反身代词。句意：如果你想和我一起去参加聚会，你应该表现得很好。动词短语behave oneself表现好，懂规矩，故填yourself.8.【答案】ours【解析】考查名词性物主代词。句意：一代又一代，我们的先辈们在这片土
53、地上辛勤工作，创造了灿烂的文化。根据句意可知是在我们的土地上，of是介词，后边需要名词，根据句意，可知需要填名词性物主代词，故填ours.9.【答案】myself【解析】考查代词。句意：不管我什么时候去邮局也不管邮局在哪儿，我总是发现自己排在某个有许多业务要办理的人的后边。本句主语是I，根据语境，此处表示“发现自己”，find oneself doing sth.意为“发现自己在做某事”。故填myself.10. 【答案】their【解析】考查物主代词。句意：在我最近的一次拜访中，我帮助了一个被它们的母亲拒绝的可爱的双胞胎之一。题干中表示“它们的母亲”，所以填their.II. 单项选择1.B
54、 【解析】nothing of不够的素质或条件。句意：你觉得那个新图书管理员怎么样？她不是一个好办事员，因为她甚至不知道如何将图书进行分类。故选B。2.B 【解祈】句意：大学生应该学会妥协。但是大学生中有有些人只是希望人们为他们而改变，而不是相反。not the other way around而不是相反的。根据句意故选B。3.B【解析】考查代词。句意：90%最流行的视频游戏都包含暴力，其中很多是极其暴力的。it指代不可数名词violence。4.C 【解析】 that/those在句中用来代替前面出现的同类比较对象，that指代单数可数名词或不可数名词，that指代上文提到的the degr
55、ee of wealth concentration。句意：据基尼指数显示，过去35年来，中国的财富集中度增长了三分之一，如今比美国还高。5.D【解祈】句意：我卖掉了我的第一幅画！太棒了！一定有人认为你的画是极好的。This/It is really something为习惯用法，意为太棒了，好极了。该句中something指重要的事物(人)，有一定意义的事物，符合句意。故答案选D。6.A 【解析】句意：发短信是一回事，而让收到短信的人做什么事又是另外一回事。(one)another(表示另外一个，故选A项。7.D 【解析】句意：要说我以前怕死过，可要与坐着过山车转得越来越快时的感觉相比，那简
56、直算不上什么了。 即：没有什么可以与坐着过山车转得越来越快时的感觉相比。故选nothing。8.B【解析】句意：实际上，只用稍作研究，爱因斯坦的相对论和他的其他的科学著作并不是那么难理解的。that hard=so hard那么难。9. D 【解析】考查代词。句意：Tina有一本新的字典，我也渴望有一本（新字典）。指代上文的a new dictionary用one代替；that指上文的可数名词单数或不可数名词，后面有后置定语；it特指上文的可数名词单数或不可数名词，this表示这个；one泛指可数名词单数。故选D。10.B【解析】考查形容词和代词。another是形容词，通常接单数名词，又一个
57、，再一个，另一的的意思。another two days意思是还要两天。other可以作为形容词或代词，表示其他的，另外的。当other作为形容词时，后面通常接复数名词，这是它与another的主要区别。the other指的是两个人或两件东西中的另一个。other作为代词时，复数是others，表示别的（人或物），其余的（人或物）。题组三体验真题1. 69. much 考查不定代词。句意为“月球的构成成分包含多少冰和其他物质”。由于 ice 为不可数名词，故应用 how much。 70. its 考查代词。根据句子结构和句意可知此处应用形容词性物主代词 its 作名词plans 的定语。
58、2.【答案】将us改为me【解析】考查代词。句意：“不是那样。”我的妈妈尽力阻止我，但是失败了。根据上文可知，是作者一个人做菜，此处指妈妈尽力阻止“我”，应使用第一人称单数的宾格，故将us改为me。3. 【答案】将yours改为your【解析】考查代词。句意：祝你在中国学习功夫好运。分析句子，best luck of you 译为“祝你好运”是固定短语。故将your改为you。句中的yours为名词性物主代词，不可修饰后面的动名词。故将yours改为your。4.【答案】themselves【解析】考查反身代词。句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或
59、者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。5.【答案】B【解析】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。6. 【答案】myself【解析】考查代词。句意：紧张地面对挑战，我知道我将轻声对自己说两个简单的字“Be yourself”。本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要
60、用反身代词。故填myself.7. 【答案】them【解析】考查代词。设空处指代从句中的the gorillas,以避免重复,故填them.8.【答案】it 【解析】考查代词。代指做形式主语，代指动词不定式to eat out用代词it. 故填it.9. A 【解析】句意：在很多方面，美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不相同。指代上文的名词education system，用that，而且后面有介词短语作后置定语。this表示近指，one是泛指可数名词单数，it是特指上文提到的名词。故选A。10. B【解析】句意：会议将在九月举行，但没有人知道确切的日期。根据but表达转折可知没有人知道，故选B项。【名师点睛】这道题考查不定代词，题目难度不大，不定代词的运用要根据题目中所给的语境，及关键词来进行确定。Somebody一般用于肯定的陈述句中，anybody多用于否定句，疑问句或条件句中，everybody用于肯定句； nobody表示没人或没有人；根据语境中的but可知表示转折，故暗示没有人知道确切的日期。
