1、七选五专练 4Passage 1根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Why Do We Get Angry?Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发)events, personal
2、ity traits(特征), and our assessment of situations.1Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples:being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more.2The reason why someone is tri
3、ggered by something and others are not is often due to ones personal history and psychological traits.Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry.3Als
4、o, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.4Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative(消极的)outlooks on situations can create anger.5How
5、ever, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A.Our atti
6、tude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B.But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.C.Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D.Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe p
7、eople think that they have reasons to feel angry.E.Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.F.Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.G.Not everyone acts the s
8、ame in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.答案1.F2.G3.E4.A5.DPassage 2根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted a
9、nd valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. 1Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property(房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.2 By choosing to keep the
10、 outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area.Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously. When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag. 3 This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area.4 If a neig
11、hbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers. If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping. Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor.5 By following the basic rules of res
12、pecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates.A.In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone.B.A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out
13、 in small ways.C.Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior.D.Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping.E.Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up.F.People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fre
14、sh and inviting.G.Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.答案1.G2.F3.E4.B5.CPassage 3根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。How to Do Man-on-the-Street InterviewsThe man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameram
15、an to interview people on the spot.1But with these tips, your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy.When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For
16、 example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask,“Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?”2Hit the streets with confidence.3Say,“Excuse me, I work for XYZ News, and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic.”This is a
17、 quick way to get people to warm up to you.Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera. Dont get discouraged.4Each interview that you get on the street shouldnt be longer than ten minutes. As soon as you get the answer you need, move on to the next pers
18、on. Make sure that as you go from interview to interview, you are getting a variety of answers. If everyone is giving you the same answer, you wont be able to use it. A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten.5If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release form
19、s to appear on the air, dont leave work without them.A.Limit your time.B.As you approach people, be polite.C.If you dont own a camera, you can buy one.D.For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task.E.To get good and useful results, ask them the same question.F.That number of interviews s
20、hould give you all the answers you need.G.With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply.答案1.D2.G3.B4.A5.FPassage 4根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die wit
21、hin a month. 1One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 2We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing(加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.Support is growing for a theory that sleep evol
22、ved so that connections between neurons(神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day. 3Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 4 The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those t
23、aken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.If Tononis theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a nights sleep, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new informationour brains may have smaller room for new experiences.Their resea
24、rch also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 5“You keep what matters,” Tononi says.A.We should also try to sleep well the night before.B.Its as if the brain
25、 is preserving its most important memories.C.Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.D.The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.E.Thats why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.F.“Sleep is the price
26、 we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.G.Tononis team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.答案1.C2.E3.F4.G5.BPassage 5根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countrie
27、s. 1In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 2Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved
28、 in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.3They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. This means that women generally get sick less o
29、ften and less seriously than men. The common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men.4Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging, but they believe that they do. Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(倾向)to age more slowly than a mans. Oth
30、ers think that a mans body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.5A.However, women, on average, live longer.B.The biological factor plays an important part.C.Women are also helped by their female genes.D.The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E.Recent research seems to support
31、both of these possibilities.F.Therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G.Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.答案1.A2.G3.D4.C5.EPassage 6根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we d
32、ecide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.1Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us. Why?Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks
33、at all might have to do with early humans. Risk-takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring.2 As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why arent we all jumping out of airplanes then?Well,
34、 even 200,000 years ago, too much risk-taking could get one killed. A few daring survived, though, along with a few stay-in-the-cave types. As a result, humans developed a range of character types that still exists today. So maybe you love car racing, or maybe you hate it.3No matter where you are on
35、 the risk-seeking range, scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.4To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.5For the risk
36、-seekers, a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active, while for the rest of us, a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk-seeking, well continue to hit the mountains, the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A.It all depends on yo
37、ur character.B.Those are the risks you should jump to take.C.Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D.Thus, these well-equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F.However, we are no
38、t all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G.New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.答案1.F2.C3.A4.E5.GPassage 7根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleas
39、ant,especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.1They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also resp
40、onsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history.2Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First,understand that some o
41、pportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.3And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while youre daydreaming,try to do it while you are involved in another taskpreferably something simple,like taking
42、a shower or walking,or even making meaningless drawings.Its also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate.“Mindfulness”,being focused,is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.4Finally,you never know what wonderful idea might strike wh
43、ile your mind has moved slowly away.5Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A.Having interesting things to think about also helps.B.They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C.Without wandering minds,we wouldnt have relativity,Coke or Post-i
44、t notes.D.At one time,daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E.It involves slow,steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F.Daydreams are often very simple and direct,quite unlike sleep dreams,which may be hard to understand.G.Therefore,its a
45、 good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when youre in the daydream zone.答案1.B2.C3.A4.E5.GPassage 8根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health InformationMaking good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in betterin
46、g your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of health information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information,how to separate fact from opinion,how to recognize poor reasoning,and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.1Go t
47、o the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported,and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.2Watch for misleading language.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to
48、” or is “associated with” an outcome;this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.3Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true,probably it is.Be especially careful of information contain
49、ed in advertisements.4Evaluate “scientific” statements carefully,and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术).5Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration,but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independentl
50、y about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A.Make choices that are right for you.B.The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C.Be sure to work through the critical questions.D.And examine the findings of the original research.E.Distinguish between research reports and public h
51、ealth advice.F.Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an authors point of view.G.The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.答案1.G2.D3.F4.B5.APassage 9根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Eyesight plays a very
52、 important role in our daily life.Every waking moment,the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight,but its easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthy eyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight:Sche
53、dule yearly exams.1Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment,including eyeglasses.Protect against UV rays(紫外线).Long-term stay in the sun creates risk
54、to your eyes.No matter what the season is,its extremely important to wear sunglasses.2Give your eyes a break.Two-thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.3Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule:every 20 minutes,take a 20-second bre
55、ak and look at something 20 feet away.4As part of a healthy diet,eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素)C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜).Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow
56、 the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses,many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.5Otherwise,you may have problems such as red eyes,pain in the eyes,or a more serious condition.A.Eat your greens.B.Eye care should begin early in life.C.They can properly protect your eyes.D.Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E.Parents usually dont care about their own eyesight.F.Always follow the doctors advice for appropriate wear.G.This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.答案1.B2.C3.G4.A5.F
