1、2019-2020学年高二开学测试英语试卷试卷满分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 命题人：周芳芳第I卷（选择题）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话仅读一遍。1On which day will the woman return to work?AWednesday. BFriday. CNext Wednesday.2What time is it now?AAbout 6:00 p.m.BAbout 5:40 p.m. CAbout 5:20 p.m.3What does Mr. Black loo
2、k like?AHe has black hair. BHe is short. CHe wears glasses.4What does the woman dislike about her photo?AHer eyes. BHer hair. CHer dress.5Where does the conversation take place?AAt a restaurant. BAt the womans house. CAt a garden.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。6What kind of sport does the woman want to learn?AVolle
3、yball. BTennis. CBasketball.7When will the woman probably take the course?AOn Sundays. BOn Fridays. COn Mondays.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。8What is the woman doing?APreparing for a party. BVisiting a doctor. CEnjoying some music.9What does the man mean in the end?AHis brother is busy on Saturday. BHis brother h
4、as got a bad cold again.CHis brother is too young to play at the party.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。10What are the speakers talking about?AWhen they will move into the apartment. BHow they will decorate the apartment.CWhat the apartment is like.11What does the woman say about the apartment?AIt is large.BIt is far
5、 from the ocean. CIt must be cool in summer.12What is the mans attitude towards the apartment?AHe is fond of it. BHe is uninterested in it. CHe is curious about it.听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。13How was the weather last weekend?AWindy.BRainy. CSunny.14What does the woman like to do on Sunday?ADo some reading. BEn
6、joy concerts. CGo to the cinema.15What time does the man usually get up on Sunday?AAt about 6 oclock.BAt about 7 oclock. CAt about 10 oclock.16What do we know about the man?AHe dislikes spending much time cooking. BHe doesnt care what he eats.CHe isnt good at cooking.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17Why did the spe
7、aker decide to start a new magazine?ATo become famous. BTo start a different one. CTo get more money.18In what respect is the magazine different from a local newspaper?AWhat it looks like. BWhat it contains. CWhere one can buy it.19Where can people get the information about film reviews?AIn the firs
8、t part. BIn the second part. CIn the third part.20What can people find in the second half of the magazine?AAdvice on local business development. BReviews of local artists works.CArticles about local people.第二部分：阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AFor more inform
9、ation, click here. Got it!SBC Oxford Summer School is held at the world-famous Dragon School in Oxford, one of the UKs top Prep Schools(预备学校). Located in a beautiful leafy area of north Oxford, the Dragon School is a 15-minute walk from the centre of this historic city.At a GlanceAges: 8 12Dates: Mo
10、nday 15 July Monday 12 August 2019Location: Dragon School in OxfordTuition Hours: 15 Hours of English Tuition Each WeekCourses: General English Language Course or English for Academic PurposesCertification: Academic Progress Report & CertificateSocial ProgrammeStudents can enjoy a varied and fun mul
11、ti-activity programme, with a range of activities in the afternoons and evenings. Students can also choose English Plus options to replace the multi-activity programme, on two afternoons per week for an additional cost.AccommodationSBC Oxford Summer School offers students high-quality accommodation.
12、 There are separate boarding houses for boys and girls and students stay in dormitories suitable for between 4 and 9 children. Bedding is provided and students bedrooms are cleaned 6 days a week. Students have access to shared bathrooms, which are cleaned daily. The accommodation is bright, spacious
13、 and colourful, and provides a friendly and homely environment. During set times students can use common areas in the boarding houses where they can relax, play games and socialise. A weekly laundry service is provided except from departure week.Dining FacilitiesThe Dining Hall at SBC Oxford is spac
14、ious and light, and the children have three meals per day here. When the students are away from the school on excursion (徒步), a packed lunch will be provided. For breakfast, there is a hot English breakfast two mornings each week, as well as a continental breakfast option each day. There are always
15、two hot choices for lunch and dinner, including a vegetarian option, halal options, as well as a salad bar, fresh bread, fruit and desserts. We also provide drinks and biscuits before bed.21SBC Oxford Summer School is _.Aone of the UKs top Prep SchoolsBfamous for its beautiful leafy school yardCidea
16、l for young learners under eight years oldDabout a 15-minute walk from the city center22In SBC Oxford Summer School, students _.Acan have a choice between two academic coursesBcan use common areas in the boarding houses freelyCreceive more than 15 hours of English tuition per weekDare provided with
17、laundry service and bedding each day23The Dining Hall at SBC Oxford offers students _.Asalad, fried bread and desserts Ba packed lunch if they go hikingChot English breakfast every morningDdrinks and biscuits in the afternoonBDo you buy too many clothes? Or do you often buy new clothes only to wear
18、them once before throwing them away? Research shows that you are not alone; a recent survey in Australia has shown that roughly a quarter of Australians have thrown away a piece of clothing after wearing it just once.Sarah Freeman was so shocked by these findings that she decided to do something abo
19、ut it. She has founded a “clothes library” in Sydney, where customers can rent clothing instead of purchasing it; this way, you can still only wear it once but without being wasteful.Research suggests that global clothing production doubled between 2000 and 2014! Clothes these days can sometimes onl
20、y last two or three washes before they need to be replaced. Not only are these short- lasting clothes not good for your wallet, but theyre also terrible for the environment. The majority of these clothes are produced in third world countries, and their factories use up huge amounts of energy and pol
21、lute the waterways nearby.Sarahs clothes library is a great way to get fantastic designer clothes at an affordable price, and its also good for the environment. Compared with a regular clothing store, Sarahs business hardly produces any waste. Customers can pay a monthly subscription fee(会员费) and en
22、joy 4 to 6 pieces of clothing per month.Sarah thinks that her clothes library can make a difference and hopes to see one in every shopping center. But will it be a hit? Reading books that have been read by another person is one thing, but to wear clothes that have been worn by others is another even
23、 though great brands are available to rent.The very similar Fashion Library in Amsterdam made news headlines in 2015, and others have sprung up in other places around the world as well.24What problem of Australians is mentioned in paragraph 1?ABeing enthusiastic about going after fashionBStoring pil
24、es of clothes in their cupboards.CBuying clothes regardless of their prices.DBeing wasteful in dealing with clothes.25Whats talked about modern clothes in paragraph 3?AWhy they last so short.BTheir fast developmentCTheir harmful influences.DWhat leads to their poor quality.26Whats the authors opinio
25、n on the clothes library?AHe/She thinks itll be well accepted.BHe/She throws doubt on its popularity.CHe/She believes its of great necessity.DHe/She strongly opposes its wide spread.27It can be inferred from the text that _.Athe clothes library concept isnt newBSarahs clothes library is completely w
26、aste-freeCdesigner clothes arent available in Sarahs clothes libraryDcustomers can rent unlimited pieces of clothing every monthCWhen shes playing with her children, Sandra Kims phone is nowhere in sight. For instance, she puts it upstairs before going downstairs to play with her children. Kim, a st
27、ay-at-home mother of three children between the ages of 3 and 8, knows that whenever she uses her phone, her kids get upset. When were playing, I call my husband to tell him that I wont be accessible for a few hours, Kim said.Its obvious that we are at a time when cellphones are causing trouble in r
28、elationships. A study asked college couples how dependent they were on their smartphones and how difficult it would be for them to go without their phones for a day. Those who felt that their partners were too dependent on their phones said they werent as satisfied with their relationship as those w
29、ho considered their partners to be less dependent on them.“Its a very complicated issue,” said Brandon McDaniel, an assistant professor in the Department of Family and Consumer Sciences at Illinois State University who studied phones and relationships. It is often unrealistic to cut out phone use en
30、tirely, and it is also unrealistic to simply tell yourself that you will practice self-control and not check your phone, McDaniel said. But, he added, It can also begin to tear relationships apart so we need to be careful.McDaniel found that it damaged relationships when partners allowed their devic
31、es(设备) to interrupt their face-to-face interactions, turned to others online instead of believing in their partners or compared their relationship with those they saw on social media. In a 2014 study, he found that when technology devices frequently interrupted partners, couples had more conflict（冲突
32、）over technology use, lower relationship satisfaction, more depressive symptoms and lower life satisfaction.But the phone doesnt even have to be turned on to be troublesome. If we can at least start from a common meaning that we love each other and want to connect, then we can set some ground rules(
33、基本规则) for things that will help to keep us connected.28What can we know about Kim when she is playing with her kids?AShe always goes upstairsBShe frequently checks her phone.CShe stays away from her phone for hours.DShe keeps in touch with her husband on the phone.29Peoples frequent use of smartphon
34、es can lower their partners_.Aconflict in technologyBrelationship satisfactionCdependence on the InternetDconfidence in communication30What is McDaniels suggestion on the use of smartphone?ABeing careful.BTurning to other people.CPracticing self-control.DStopping using the phone.31What is the best t
35、itle for the text?ATimes come when we depend on phonesBKids need your time spent with themCGreat changes brought by cellphonesDWatch out for your smart phoneDAstronomers have taken the first ever image of a black hole, which is located in a distant galaxy (星系). It measures 40 billion km across three
36、 million times the size of the Earth and has been described by scientists as “a monster”.The black hole is 500 million trillion km away and was photographed by a network of eight telescopes across the world. Details have been published today in Astrophysical Journal Letters.Prof Heino Falcke, who pr
37、oposed(提议) the experiment, told BBC News that the black hole was found in a galaxy called M87. “What we see is larger than the size of our entire Solar System,” he said. “It has a mass(质量) 6.5 billion times that of the Sun. It is an absolute monster, the heavyweight champion of black holes in the Un
38、iverse.” The image shows an intensely bright “ring of fire”, as Prof Falcke describes it, surrounding a perfectly circular dark hole. Some scientists assumed that the bright ring is caused by superheated gas falling into the hole. The light is brighter than all the billions of other stars in the gal
39、axy combined which is why it can be seen at such distance from Earth. The edge of the dark circle at the centre is the point at which the gas enters the black hole, which is an object that has such a large gravitational pull (引力) that even light cant escape.The image matches what theoretical physici
40、sts and indeed, Hollywood directors, imagined black holes would look like, according to Dr Ziri Younsi, of University College London. “Although they are relatively simple objects, black holes raise some of the most complex questions about the nature of space and time, and finally of our existence,”
41、he said. “It is surprising that the image we observe is so similar to that which we obtain from our theoretical calculations (计算). So far, it looks like Einstein is correct once again.” But having the first image will enable researchers to learn more about these mysterious objects. They will be keen
42、 to look out for ways in which the black hole leaves from whats expected in physics. No one really knows how the bright ring around the hole is created. Even more interesting is the question of what happens when an object falls into a black hole.32What made the scientists call the black hole a “mons
43、ter”?AThe holes larger size.BIts distance from the earth.CThe gravitational pull.DThe bright ring of the hole.33Why can the black hole be seen from the Earth?AThe superheated gas falling into the hole makes it brighter.BAn intensely bright “ring of fire” surrounds the black hole.CThe gravitational p
44、ull of the hole is so large that no light escapes.DThe light of the other stars combined cant match that of the hole.34About the image of the black hole, which of the following is CORRECT?AEight telescopes in the USA cooperated to take the image.BIt will help researchers to learn more about black ho
45、les.CIt is different from what Hollywood directors imagined.DIt enables scientists to know the nature of our existence.35What might be the best title for the passage?AThe Heaviest Black HoleBFirst Black Hole Image ReleasedCA Surprising MonsterDEinstein is Correct Once Again第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内
46、容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an addiction(瘾). When we eat or drink sugary foods, the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain, which makes us feel good. Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more.
47、 36 In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.“It seems like every time I study an illness and search for the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,” says scientist Richard Johnson. 37 Why? “Sugar, we believe, is one of the causes of the problem, if
48、 not the major reason,” says Johnson.Our bodies are designed to survive on very little sugar. Early humans often had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. But today, most people have more th
49、an enough. 38Well, what is the solution? Its obvious that we need to eat less sugar. 39 From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it.40 Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own fo
50、od in gardens or building facilities (设施) like walking tracks for students and others in the community to exercise.ABut there are those who are fighting back against sugar.BHigh-sugar foods can negatively affect your energy levels.CSo the very thing that once saved us may now be killing us.DAll tast
51、y foods do this, but sugar has a particularly strong effect.E. The trouble is, in todays world, its extremely difficult to avoid.F. The average person takes in about 24 kilograms of sugar each year.G. 1/3 of adults worldwide have high blood pressure and 2.5 billion suffer from obesity.第三部分：完形填空（共20小
52、题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。When John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. He also came in last for every other science subject. His teacher wrote in a 41 , I believe he has ideas about becoming a 42 ; form his pres
53、ent performance this is quite foolish. Luckily the teachers words didnt 43 Gurdons love for science. He kept working hard. He went to labs earlier and left 44 than anyone else. Finally he realized his dream.On Oct. 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor 45 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Me
54、dicine. Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka had contributed to the research and therefore 46 the award.Gurdon got the honor 47 his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some 48 on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its genes 49 , and put them into an egg
55、 cell(卵细胞). The egg cell then 50 into a clone(克隆) of the adult frog. His research 51 for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes.At that time, many people couldnt 52 Gurdons idea. But later it helped to 53 Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It als
56、o led to important findings in the 54 use of cells. For example, cells from someones skin can 55 into any type of tissue in the body. This is good news for those 56 who have diseased or damaged tissue.Gurdon always remembers the 57 he had when he was 15. He even puts the report on his desk as a dail
57、y 58 to himself.When you have problems, like an experiment which doesnt work, its 59 to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and the teacher may be 60 , he said.However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed.41AreportBletterCpassageDprogram42AmusicianBscientistCmanag
58、erDmillionaire43AstopBdisapproveCinspireDreunite44AsoonerBlaterCmore hurriedlyDmore happily45AwonBfoundedCdreamed ofDapplied for46AreceivedBrefusedCcollectedDshared47Ainstead ofBin spite ofCbecause ofDin place of48AreadingBwritingCoperationDresearch49AsuddenlyBsecretlyCcarefullyDcasually50AcutBgrewC
59、changedDformed51ApredictedBstudiedCprovedDpresented52AacceptBadmitCavoidDignore53AsaveBdiscoverCfeedDcreate54AcommercialBmedicalCphysicalDillegal55AturnBdisappearCbreakDsend56AresearchersBscientistsCpatientsDdoctors57AfriendBteacherCclassmateDneighbor58AregulationBroutineCreminderDreward59Apotential
60、BcomplicatedCroughDnice60ArightBwrongCwiseDsilly第II卷（非选择题）第一节：单词填空 (共10小题; 每小题0.5分, 满分5分)根据材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。61She likes to keep people at a d_.62Last night my mother _(允许) me to stay out for an hour.63Its bad _(礼貌) to stare at foreigners.64She managed to calm him down and _(seek) help
61、 from a neighbor.65It was the most _(暴力的) film that I have ever seen.66Water _(exist) in three forms，which are liquid, gas and solid.67What _(使留下深刻印象) me was her ability to deal with any problem.68They still follow the _(传统) of their fathers.69He has to work hard to earn more money, because he has a
62、 large family to s_.70We have been told to show r_ for our elders.第二节：课文填空 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分) 以下节选自高一四册书的主课文，在空白处填入一个单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（一）I wonder if its _ I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy _ everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time _
63、 a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. （二）In relief, Daisy burst into_ (laugh). “Dont laugh,” said the elephant, “We used to be an _ (danger) species. Farmers hunted us _ mercy. （三）Did it make people fat? Perhaps he should go to the librar
64、y and find out. He could not have Yong Hui _ (get) away with telling people lies!（四）Then he picks _ the lace of the shoe and eats it as if it _ (be) spaghetti. He eats each mouthful with great enjoyment. The acting is so _ (convince) that it makes you believe that it is one of the best meals he had
65、ever tasted.第三节：改错 (共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.
66、However, according to a wide accepted theory, the universe began with a Big Bang that threw matter in all direction. For several billion years after the Big Bang, the earth was still just a cloud of dust. It is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surfac
67、e. Water had also appeared on another planets like Mars but, like the earth, it had disappeared later. What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harm gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced a chain reaction, that made it possib
68、le for life to develop. Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to be appear on the surface of the water. Later reptiles appeared the first time. After that, dinosaurs developed. They lay eggs and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years.第四部分：书面表达(满分25分)假如你是李
69、华，你的留学生朋友Tom以前成绩优秀，但由于骄傲和懒惰，最近他的成绩一落千丈。就此请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.进行安慰；2.给出劝告(不要骄傲，不忘初心)；3.具体建议(努力复习，制定学习计划)。注意：1.词数120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_ 参考答案1-5C B C B A6-10B C A C C11-15A B B A C16-20A B B A C21D22A23B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了SBC Oxford Summer School的一些情况。21细节理解题。第一段最后一句Located in a beautiful leafy
70、area of north Oxford, the Dragon School is a 15-minute walk from the centre of this historic city.可知SBC Oxford Summer School距离市中心步行约15分钟。故选D。22细节理解题。根据Social Programme部分Our SBC Oxford Summer School students enjoy a varied and fun multi-activity programme, with a range of activities in the afternoons
71、 and evenings. Students can also choose English Plus options to replace the multi-activity programme, on two afternoons per week for an additional cost.内容可知SBC Oxford Summer School的学生可以在下午和晚上参加各种各样的活动。学生也可以选择英语加选项来替代多活动项目。即SBC Oxford Summer School的学生可以在两门学术课程中进行选择。故选A。23细节理解题。最后一段第二句When the student
72、s are away from the school on excursion (徒步), a packed lunch will be provided.可知当学生离开学校去徒步旅行时，学校将提供午餐。故选B。24D25C26B27A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。最近在澳大利亚进行的一项调查显示，大约四分之一的澳大利亚人只穿了一次就扔掉了一件衣服。所以针对这种浪费行为，Sarah Freeman在悉尼建立了一个“服装图书馆”。短文介绍了 “服装图书馆”的运营模式，优势以及前景。24推理判断题。由第一段“Research shows that you are not alone; a rec
73、ent survey in Australia has shown that roughly a quarter of Australians have thrown away a piece of clothing after wearing it just once.”可知，最近在澳大利亚进行的一项调查显示，大约四分之一的澳大利亚人只穿了一次就扔掉了一件衣服。所以通过关键词“a quarter of Australians，thrown away，once”可判断出，第1段提到的是澳大利亚人处理衣服时的浪费问题。故D选项正确。25主旨大意题。由第三段“ Not only are these
74、 short- lasting clothes not good for your wallet, but theyre also terrible for the environment. The majority of these clothes are produced in third world countries, and their factories use up huge amounts of energy and pollute the waterways nearby.”可知，不仅这些短期的衣服不仅浪费了你的钱，而且也污染了环境。这些服装大多产自第三世界国家，它们的工厂消
75、耗了大量能源，污染了附近的水道。所以第3段中谈到了现代服装的有害影响。故C选项正确。26推理判断题。由倒数第二段“Reading books that have been read by another person is one thing, but to wear clothes that have been worn by others is another even though great brands are available to rent.”可知，读别人读过的书是一回事，但穿别人穿过的衣服则是另一回事，即使可以租到大品牌的服装。所以通过对书籍书和衣服的对比，可以判断出作者对“
76、服装图书馆”受欢迎程度表示怀疑。故B选项正确。27推理判断题。由最后段“The very similar Fashion Library in Amsterdam made news headlines in 2015”可知，在阿姆斯特丹，非常相似的“时尚图书馆”在2015年成为新闻头条。所以通过本句的时态。可以推断出，非常相似的“时尚图书馆”在2015年就已经开办过。故“服装图书馆”的概念并不新鲜。故A选项正确。【点睛】通过对事物的对比或者比较是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法，通过对事物的对比，能够判断出事物的不同点，差距等，意在突出对方的优点或者缺点。由倒数第二段“Reading books
77、 that have been read by another person is one thing, but to wear clothes that have been worn by others is another even though great brands are available to rent.”可知，读别人读过的书是一回事，但穿别人穿过的衣服则是另一回事，即使有大品牌的衣服可供出租。所以通过对书籍书和衣服的对比，可以判断出作者对“服装图书馆”受欢迎程度表示怀疑。故B选项为小题3的正确选项。28C29B30A31D【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。智能手机已经成为人们
78、生活中不可或缺的一部分，但是给人际关系带来了严重的不良影响，它会降低人际关系的满意度，降低生活的满意度，导致抑郁症。所以专家建议，人们应该谨慎地使用智能手机。28细节理解题。由第一段“For instance, she puts it upstairs before going downstairs to play with her children. When were playing, I call my husband to tell him that I wont be accessible for a few hours, Kim said.”可知，例如，她在下楼和孩子们玩之前把手机
79、放在楼上。当我们在玩的时候，我打电话给我丈夫，告诉他我几个小时都接不了电话。所以当Kim和她的孩子玩的时候，我们知道她好几个小时都不接电话。故C选项正确。29细节理解题。由倒数第二段“.lower relationship satisfaction”可知，人们频繁使用智能手机会降低他们与伴侣之间关系的满意度。故B选项正确。30推理判断题。由第三段“But, he added, It can also begin to tear relationships apart so we need to be careful.”可知，但是，他补充道，“它开始破坏人际关系，所以我们慎重使用智能手机。所以通
80、过McDaniel的话，我们可以判断出，McDaniel建议慎重使用智能手机。故A选项正确。31主旨大意题。通读全文可知，智能手机已经成为人们生活中不可或缺的一部分，但是给人际关系带来了严重的不良影响，它会降低人际关系的满意度，降低生活的满意度，导致抑郁症。所以专家建议，人们应该谨慎地适用智能手机。所以短文的最佳标题为“谨慎地使用智能手机”。故D选项正确。【点睛】根据文章中人物所说的话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施。由第三
81、段“But, he added, It can also begin to tear relationships apart so we need to be careful.”可知，但是，他补充道，“它开始破坏人际关系，所以我们慎重使用智能手机。所以通过McDaniel的话，我们可以判断出，McDaniel建议慎重使用智能手机。故A选项为小题3的正确选项。32A33D34B35B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。天文学家首次拍摄到位于遥远星系中的黑洞的图像，它因为其尺寸比太阳系还要大被科学家们称为“怪物”。过热的气体落入黑洞而形成了一到光环，因此使得这个黑洞比银河系中所有其他数十亿颗恒星加起来
82、还要亮，这就是为什么在离地球这么远的地方也能看到它。有了第一张图像，研究人员就能对这些神秘的物体有更多的了解。32细节理解题。根据第一段 It measures 40 billion km across three million times the size of the Earth and has been described by scientists as “a monster”.和第三段第二句“What we see is larger than the size of our entire Solar System,” he said. “It has a mass 6.5 bil
83、lion times that of the Sun.可知科学家所看到的黑洞比整个太阳系的大小还要大，它的质量是太阳的65亿倍。”即科学家们称其为“怪物”是因为黑洞的尺寸比太阳系还大，故选A。33细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句The light is brighter than all the billions of other stars in the galaxy combined which is why it can be seen at such distance from Earth.可知黑洞发出的这束光比银河系中所有其他数十亿颗恒星加起来还要亮，这就是为什么在离地球这么远的地方
84、也能看到它。即我们能从地球上看到黑洞的原因是其他恒星的光加起来不能与黑洞的光相匹配。故选D。34细节理解题。最后一段中But having the first image will enable researchers to learn more about these mysterious objects.可知有了第一张图像，研究人员就能对这些神秘的物体有更多的了解。B选项正确，故选B。35主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Astronomers have taken the first ever image of a black hole, which is located in a dista
85、nt galaxy.以及文章主要内容都是围绕着天文学家首次拍摄到位于遥远星系中的黑洞的这张图像展开的，故选B。36D37G38C39E40A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要陈述糖在饮食中给我们所带来的危害。36根据前句Then the good feeling goes away, leaving us wanting more.（然后这种美好的感觉就消失了，让我们想要更多），和后句In this way, it is in fact an addictive drug, one that doctors suggest we all cut down on.（从这个意义上说，它实际
86、上是一种令人上瘾的药物，医生建议我们都要减少使用）可知，所有美味的食物都是这样做的，但是糖有一个特别强的效果。故选D。37根据前句It seems like every time I study an illness and search for the first cause, I find my way back to sugar,和后句Sugar, we believe is one of causes of the problem可知，这里主要陈述食用糖所带来的问题，所以，全球1/3的成年人患有高血压，25亿人患有肥胖症都可能是糖导致的。故选G。38根据前句Early humans o
87、ften had very little food, so our bodies learned to be very efficient in storing sugar as fat. In this way, we had energy stored for when there was no food. 早期人类的食物通常很少，所以我们的身体学会了非常有效地将糖储存为脂肪。这样，当没有食物的时候，我们就有了能量，可知，曾经救过我们的东西现在可能正在致我们于死地。故选C。39根据前句Its obvious that we need to eat less sugar.（很明显，我们需要少
88、吃糖），和后句From breakfast cereals (谷物) to after-dinner desserts, our foods are increasingly filled with it.（从早餐谷物到餐后甜点，我们的食物中含有越来越多的糖）可知，问题是，在当今世界，这是极其难以避免的。故选E。40根据后文Many schools are replacing sugary desserts with healthier food like fruit. Other schools are growing their own food in gardens or buildin
89、g facilities (设施) like walking tracks o students and others in the community can exercise.一些学校选用更健康的食物和让学生锻炼，可知，有人在与糖作斗争。故选A。41A42B43A44B45A46D47C48D49C50B51C52A53D54B55A56C57B58C59D60A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。John Gurdon曾是全年级成绩最差的学生,但是他通过自己的不懈努力证明了自己,并在研究细胞和克隆方面取得了巨大成就,获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。41考查名词。句意：他的老师在一篇报道中写道。
90、A. report，报告，报道；B. letter，信；C. passage，一段文章；D. program程序，计划。从文章倒数第三段“He even puts the report on his desk”可知，空后是老师在报告里写的内容，故选A。42考查名词。句意：我相信他有成为科学家的想法。A. musician，音乐家；B. scientist，科学家；C. manager，管理人员；D. millionaire，百万富豪。从下文中的“Gurdons love for science”可推知,老师认为他有成为科学家的想法，故选B。43考查动词。句意：幸运的是，老师的话并没有阻止戈登对
91、科学的热爱。A. stop，停止；B. condemn，谴责；C. inspire，激发；D. reunite，使重聚。根据下文中的“He kept working hard”可知,老师的话并没有阻止他对科学的热爱。故选A。44考查副词的比较级。句意：他比其他人更早去实验室，更晚离开。A. sooner，更快地，更早的；B. later，更迟地；C. more hurriedly，更匆忙地；D. more happily，更开心地。根据语境并结合空前的earlier和空后的than可知，他去实验室比别人早而离开却比别人晚。故选B。45考查动词。句意：64年后的2012年10月8日，这位英国教授
92、获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。A. won，赢得；B. founded建立；C. dreamed of，梦到；D. applied for，申请。根据语境并结合下文中的“Gurdon got the honor”可知,这位英国教授获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。故选A。46考查动词。句意：日本科学家山中伸弥(Shinya Yamanaka)为这项研究做出了贡献，因此他与这位科学家分享了这个奖项。A. received，收到；B. refused，拒绝；C. collected，收藏；D. shared，分享。根据空前的“Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka had c
93、ontributed to the research”可知,他们两个人都对这项研究有贡献，结合选项可知，D项符合语境。故选D。47考查介词短语。句意：古尔登获得这项荣誉是因为他对细胞和克隆的研究。A. instead of，反而；B. in spite of，尽管；C. because of ，因为；D. in place of，代替。根据空前的“Gurdon got the honor”以及空后的“his research into cells and cloning”可知,，这个荣誉是因为他对细胞和克隆的研究，故选C。48考查名词。句意：当他在牛津大学学习时，他对细胞做了一些研究。A. r
94、eading，阅读；B. writing，写作；C. operation，计算；D. research，研究。根据上文中的“his research into cells”和空后的on cells可知，此处表示他对细胞做过一些研究。故选D。49考查副词。句意：他从一只成年青蛙身上取出一个细胞，小心翼翼地移动它的基因，然后把它们放进一个卵细胞里。A. suddenly，突然；B. secretly，秘密地；C. carefully，小心翼翼地；D. casually，随便地。根据语境并结合选项可知，空处应表示小心翼翼地,故选C项。50考查动词。句意：卵细胞随后成长为成年青蛙的克隆体。A. cut
95、，削减；B. grew，成长；C. changed，改变的；D. formed，创立。根据空前的The egg cell和下文中的into a clone of the adult frog可知，卵细胞成长为成年青蛙的克隆体。故选B。51考查动词。句意：他的研究首次证明，人体的每个细胞都含有相同的基因。A. predicted，预测；B. studied，学习，研究；C. proved ，证明；D. presented，提出。根据空后的内容可知，空后为研究得出的结果，再结合选项可知，C项符合语境。故选C。52考查动词。句意：当时，很多人不能接受戈登的想法。 A. accept，接受；B. ad
96、mit，承认；C. avoid，避免；D. ignore，忽视。根据下文中的“But later it helped”可知，空处应表示当时很多人不能接受Gurdon的观点。故选A。53考查动词。句意：但后来，它在1996年帮助创造了多利羊，这是历史上第一个克隆哺乳动物。 A. save，保存；B. discover，发现；C. feed，喂养；D. create，创造。根据空后的the first cloned mammal并结合常识可知，克隆羊Dolly是被科学家创造出来的。故选D。54考查形容词。句意：这也导致了细胞在医学上的重要发现。A. commercial ，商业的；B. medic
97、al，医学的；C. physical，身体的；D. illegal，违法的。根据下文中所列举的例子可知，此处表示Gurdon的观点也使细胞在医学方面的应用有了重大发现。故选B。55考查动词短语。句意：例如，某人皮肤上的细胞可以转化为身体的任何组织。A. turn，转变；turn into，变成；B. disappear，消失；C. break，打破；break into，闯入；D. send，派遣。根据语境可知，此处指人皮肤里的细胞可以变成身体的任何一种组织。故选A。56考查名词。句意：这对那些患有疾病或组织受损的病人来说是个好消息。A. researchers ，研究者；B. scienti
98、sts，科学家；C. patients，病人；D. doctors，医生。根据空后的“who have diseased or damaged tissue”可知，空处应指病人。故选C。57考查名词。句意：戈登总是记得他15岁时的老师。A. friend，朋友；B. teacher，老师；C. classmate，同班同学；D. neighbor，邻居。根据空后的“when he was 15”并结合第一段内容可知，空处应指他15岁时的老师。故选B。58考查名词。句意：他甚至把报告放在桌子上，每天提醒自己。A. regulation，规则；B. routine，惯例；C. reminder，提
99、醒；D. reward，报酬。根据空前的“He even puts the report on his desk”可推测，他这么做的目的是提醒他自己。故选C。59考查形容词。句意：他说:“当你遇到问题的时候，比如做了一个不成功的实验，你最好提醒自己，也许你并不擅长自己所做的工作，老师可能是对的。” A. potential，潜在的；B. complicated，复杂的；C. rough，粗糙的；D. nice，美好的。根据语境并结合选项可知，假如实验不成功，要提醒自己也许自己在工作方面还不是非常擅长就好了。故选D。60考查形容词。句意：他说:“当你遇到问题的时候，比如做了一个不成功的实验，你最
100、好提醒自己，也许你并不擅长自己的工作，老师可能是对的。” A. right，正确的；B. wrong，错误的；C. wise，明智的；D. silly，愚蠢的。根据语境并结合空前的“perhaps you are not so good at your job”可知，此处表示老师可能是正确的。故选A。61distance62allowed/permitted63manners64sought65violent66exists67impressed68tradition69support70respect【解析】【分析】考查单词拼写。61考查名词。句意：她喜欢与人保持距离。短语at a dist
101、ance“有一些距离”，故填distance。62考查动词时态。句意：昨晚我妈妈允许我在外面呆一个小时。根据汉语意思以及上文Last night可知应用一般过去时，故填allowed/permitted。63考查名词。句意：盯着外国人看是不礼貌的。短语bad manners“坏习惯；没礼貌”，故填manners。64考查动词时态。句意：她设法使他平静下来，并向邻居寻求帮助。根据上文managed可知应用一般过去时，故填sought。65考查形容词。句意：这是我看过的最暴力的电影。film为名词需要形容词修饰，故填violent。66考查动词时态。句意：水有三种形态，即液体、气体和固体。根据下文
102、are可知用一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，故填exists。67考查动词时态。句意：令我印象深刻的是她处理任何问题的能力。根据下文was可知用一般过去时，故填impressed。68考查名词。句意：他们仍然遵循他们父亲的传统。根据上文the可知应填名词tradition。69考查动词。句意：他必须努力工作赚更多的钱，因为他有一个大家庭要养活。根据上文to可知应填动词原形support，表示“养活；支持”。70考查名词。句意：我们被告知要尊敬长辈。短语show respect for“对表示尊重”，故填respect。71. because;72. about; 73. when; 74. la
103、ughter; 75. endangered; 76. without; 77. getting; 78. out; 79. were; 80. convincing.改错1.widewidely2.directiondirections 3.ItWhat 4.anotherother 5.likeunlike 6.harmharmful 7.thatwhich 8.be去掉 9.the first time前加 for 10.laylaid【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了地球演变的过程。【详解】1.考查副词。句意：然而，根据一个被广泛接受的理论，宇宙始于一次“大爆炸”，它将物质抛向
104、四面八方。wide既可以做形容词也可以做副词，做副词讲表示“广阔地”，此处表示“广泛地”修饰accepted 应用widely。故wide改为widely。2.考查名词的数。direction为可数名词，前面由all修饰故应用复数形式，故direction改为directions。3.考查连接词。句意：更重要的是，随着地球冷却下来，水开始出现在它的表面。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，指代事物，故应用what。故It改为What。4.考查代词。句意：水也曾出现在火星等其他行星上，但与地球不同的是，它后来消失了。another表“另外的”时后跟单数名词，此处下文planets为复数名词，应用ot
105、her。故another改为other。5.考查介词。根据句意可知此处表示“与不同；不像”应用unlike，故like改为unlike。6.考查形容词。句意：许多科学家认为，水的持续存在使地球能够将有害气体和酸溶解到海洋中。gas为名词需要形容词修饰，故harm改为harmful。7.考查定语从句连接词。句意：这产生了连锁反应，使生命得以发展。本句为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词chain reaction且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，不能用that应用which。故that改为which。8.考查固定用法。句意：数百万年后，第一批非常小的植物开始出现在水面上。appear为不及物动词，没有被动语
106、态。故去掉be。9.考查介词。句意：后来爬行动物首次出现。短语for the first time“首先；第一次”，做状语，故the first time前添加for。10.考查动词时态。句意：在那之后，恐龙发展了。它们产卵并在地球上生存了超过1.4亿年。根据句意可知描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，故lay改为laid。【点睛】for the first time与the first time辨析。1、the first time之后接一个定语从句，用that，when引导均可，或者干脆省略。I retired the first time when he was the coach.I r
107、etired the first time that he was the coach.I retired the first time he was the coach.【翻译】我在他初次当教练时退的休。2、for the first time是个介词词组，意为“第一次，首次，初次”，一般用作状语，修饰动词。She met him at the cinema for the first time. 她第一次碰到他是在电影院里。I took an airplane for the first time in my life. 我有生以来第一次搭飞机。3、以下句子反映出两个词组的差别，两句话的意
108、思相同。Mary was a shy girl the first time (that/when) I met her. （the first time用作连词）Mary was a shy girl when I met her for the first time.（for the first time用作状语，修饰met）如第九题中，短语for the first time“首先；第一次”，在句中做状语，故the first time前添加for。52Dear Tom,I feel sorry to know your grades have been slipping down be
109、cause of you pride and laziness. But its not time for you to feel depressed. I believe you can find yourself back by taking action.In my opinion, you shouldnt be proud and just keep working hard. Never forget why you started, and your mission can be accomplished. Now let me give you some advice. Fir
110、st of all, you should review the content that you have missed studying recently. In addition, its necessary for you to make a proper study plan which you can keep up.I hope you could feel better and get higher grades. Best wishes!【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封电子邮件：假如你是李华，你的留学生朋友Tom以前成绩优秀，但由于
111、骄傲和懒惰，最近他的成绩一落千丈。就此请你用英语给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.进行安慰；2.给出劝告(不要骄傲，不忘初心)；3.具体建议(努力复习，制定学习计划)。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：slip down（下滑）；because of（因为）；pride and laziness（骄傲和懒惰）；mission（任务）；review the content（复习内容）；keep up（保持；不落后）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是
112、非常重要的。【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。如I feel sorry to know your grades have been slipping down because of you pride and laziness.和I believe you can find yourself back by taking action.句中使用了宾语从句；First of all, you should review the content that you have missed studying recently.和its necessary for you to make a proper study plan which you can keep up.句中运用了定语从句。
