1、湖南省长沙市一中、深圳实验学校2021届高三英语1月联考试题（含解析）本试卷共8页。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考生结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对
2、话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Why did the man meet the woman? A. To apply for a job. B. To ask her for help.C. To sell her something.2. Why does the man suggest the woman go to the south? A She can get a better operation there. B. The scenery there
3、is simply beautiful. C. The climate there will help her recover. 3. What do we know about the man? A He is stressed. B. He is lazy. C. He is helpful.4. What is the woman going to do soon? A. Take a taxi. B. Travel by plane. C. Go to the railway station. 5. Where does the conversation take place? A.
4、At a tailors. B. At a hairdressers. C. At a restaurant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Whats the relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Coach and athlete. C.
5、Friends. 7. What does the woman suggest the man do? A. Eat white meat. B. Bake some cakes. C. Have less food. 听笫7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What are the speakers doing? A. Eating cheese. B. Taking pictures. C. Playing games. 9. Who is/are in the last picture? A. Only the man. B. Only the woman. C. Both the man
6、and woman. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the man say about tea drinking? A. It is only for weddings. B. It is mainly for refreshment. C. It has a strong cultural meaning. 11. What does the woman think about Chinese tea culture? A. It is very interesting. B. It is too serious. C. It is too complex.
7、12. Who is/are given tea at the Chinese weddings? A. The couple. B. The couples parents.C. The host of the ceremony. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An old peoples home. B. A plan to donate money. C. A way to earn extra money. 14. Why does the man need money at th
8、e beginning of the month? A. To buy food. B. To purchase books. C. To pay for entertainment. 15. What does Mr. Dawkins often talk about before his classes? A. History. B. Finance. C. Basketball. 16. How much money will the woman donate to the old peoples home altogether? A. $100. B. $200. C. $300. 听
9、第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the talk mainly about? A. Kinds of software projects. B. Secrets to be a better boss. C. An introduction to a workplace. 18. When should an employee arrive at work? A. Its better to be early. B. The middle of the day is the usual starting time. C. It doesnt matter when w
10、ork starts. 19. What happened when a mistake was found? A. A deadline was missed. B. An employee was fired. C. An engineer was rewarded. 20. What kind of work atmosphere docs Google have? A. Creative. B. Regular. C. Stressful. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最
11、佳选项。 AFour of the Most Magical Movies from Your ChildhoodWhether it was the enchanting characters, the memorable scenes or simply because it was the first film mum or dad took you to, these are the movies that have lelt the most lasting impressions over the decades.Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factor
12、y“I loved it for two reasons. First, it showed a wonderful, loving extended family. I was fascinated by their kitchen setting and the little corner where the boy Charlie slept. Second, inside the chocolate factory was what all children dreamed of. The whole movie transported me from my childhood wor
13、ries into a fairyland world.” Margaret McKeeDumbo“For a kid who often felt like he didnt fit in, and wasnt good at anything, it was magical to see Dumbo discover his talent and become loved and celebrated.” Lorraine Cormack“I loved Dumbo as it showed those who are bullied can win if they believe the
14、y can.” Mary MadiganThe Never Ending Story“It has to be the most magical movie from my era. The story has everything a young kid can ask for: a great story, a mythical flying dog and an interesting ending. Our family continue to watch it today.” Aaron ElliottThe Sound of Music“When I was young, movi
15、es were a treat, with lollies, friends and a canvas seat. There was a special one that I did adore, and many times Ive gone back for more. The songs, the scenery and the storyline always transport me to another time. It is such a classic that my memories of it are so fantastic.” Joanne Carter1. What
16、 does “Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory” concern?A. An adventurous trip.B. A fantastic world.C. A mysterious friendD. An unexpected incident.2. Which movie may appeal to a child lacking confidence?A. Dumbo.B. The Never Ending Story.C. The Sound of Music.D. Willy Wonka& the Chocolate Factory.3. Wh
17、at does Aaron Elliott think of “The Never Ending Story”?A. It is full of unrealistic things.B. It meets all his expectations.C. It influences people of all ages.D. It is the most meaningful movie.【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四部童年时期最神奇的电影，并介绍了人们喜欢它们的原因。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Willy Wonka & the Chocolate
18、 Factory”部分关键句“The whole movie transported me from my childhood worries into a fairyland world.”可知，欢乐糖果屋这部电影把我从童年的烦恼中带进了一个仙境般的世界里。由此可知，欢乐糖果屋这部电影和一个奇妙的世界有关。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“Dumbo”部分关键句“For a kid who often felt like he didnt fit in, and wasnt good at anything, it was magical to see Dumbo discover h
19、is talent and become loved and celebrated.”可知，对于一个经常觉得自己不合群，也不擅长任何事的孩子来说，通过看小飞象可以发现自己的才华，变得被人喜爱和赞美。由此可知，小飞象这部电影可以吸引缺乏自信的孩子。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据“The Never Ending Story”部分关键句“The story has everything a young kid can ask for: a great story, a mythical flying dog and an interesting ending.”可知，这部电影讲述的故事包括
20、了一个孩子所能要求的一切：一个伟大的故事、一个神话般的飞狗和一个有趣的结局。由此可推断出，Aaron Elliott认为大魔域这部电影满足了他所有的期望。故选B项。BElizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves. At the age of six months she was acquired, along with her sister, by John Ashley, a wealthy Massachusetts slaveholder. She became know
21、n as “Mumbet” or “Mum Bett”. For nearly 30 years Mumbet served the Ashley family. One day, Ashleys wife tried to strike Mumbets sister with a spade. Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back. When the Ashleys tried to make her return,
22、 Mumbet consulted a lawyer, Theodore Sedgewick. With his help, Mumbet sued（起诉）for her freedom. While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the new Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to h
23、er. Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution. Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Sedgewick. Mumbet died in 1829, but he
24、r legacy lived on in her many descendant（后裔）. One of her great-grandchildren was W. E. B. Du Bois, one of the founders of the NAACP, and an important writer and spokesperson for African American civil rights. Mumbets tombstone, still stands in the Massachusetts cemetery where she was buried. It read
25、s, in part: “She was born a slave and remained a slave for nearly thirty years. She could neither read nor write, yet in her own sphere she had no superior or equal. ”4. What led to Mumbet running away from the Ashleys?A. Finding a new employer.B. Wanting to be a lawyer.C. Being abused and angry.D.
26、Attending to her sister.5. What influence did the discussion of the new constitution have on Mumbet?A. It helped Mumbet to better serve the Ashleys.B. It reminded Mumbet to win her equality and freedom.C. It caused Mumbet to violate the new constitution.D. It helped Mumbet to apply for a job smoothl
27、y.6 What do we know about Mumbet after the trial?A. She chose to work for a lawyer.B. She became a writer in her own field.C. She founded the NAACP for her grandchildren.D. She jumped at the chance to be a paid employee.7. What is the text mainly about?A. A story of a famous writer and spokesperson.
28、B. The friendship between a lawyer and a slave.C. The life of a brave African American woman.D. A trial that shocked the whole world.【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了生来就是奴隶的伊丽莎白弗里曼为了获得自由和平等的权力而进行勇敢的斗争，最后终于获得自由的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第二段“One day, Ashleys wife tried to strike Mumbets sister with a
29、spade. Mumbet protected her sister and took the blow instead. Furious, she left the house and refused to come back.”（ 一天，阿什利的妻子试图用铁锹打芒贝的妹妹。芒贝保护了她的妹妹，反而受到了打击。她怒气冲冲地离开了房子，拒绝回来。）可知芒贝逃跑的原因是自己和妹妹受到了虐待且很生气，故选C项。【5题详解】细节理解题。通过文章第三段“While serving the Ashleys, Mumbet had listened to many discussions of the n
30、ew Massachusetts constitution. If the constitution said that all people were free and equal, then she thought it should apply to her.”（ 在为阿什利一家服务时，芒贝听了许多关于马萨诸塞州新宪法的讨论。如果宪法规定人人自由平等，那么她认为宪法应该适用于她。）可知新宪法提醒玛贝特要赢得平等和自由。故选B项【6题详解】细节理解题。文章第四段第一，二句“Strangely enough, after the trial, the Ashleys asked Mumbet
31、 to come back and work for them as a paid employee. She declined and instead went to work for Sedgewick.”（奇怪的是，审判结束后，阿什利一家要求玛贝特回来，作为一名有薪雇员为他们工作。她拒绝了，转而为塞奇威克工作。）说明玛贝特拒绝了成为有薪雇员，转而为律师塞奇威克工作。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Elizabeth Freeman was born about 1742 to African American parents who were slaves.”伊丽莎白弗里曼
32、大约在1742年出生，父母都是奴隶。根据第三段“ Eventually, Mumbet won her freedom the first slave in Massachusetts to do so under the new constitution.”最终，玛贝特赢得了她的自由她是马萨诸塞州根据新宪法获得自由的第一个奴隶。根据第四段“ Mumbet died in 1829, ”1829年去世。所以短文主要是关于一位勇敢的非裔美国女性的一生。故选C项。CGreenland is the biggest island in the world. And the ice sheet tha
33、t sits atop it is massive. “The pile of ice being so thick, it extends more than 10, 000 feet above the ocean. And if all that ice were to melt and go into the ocean, global sea levels would rise by 24 feet everywhere around the world,” said Jason Briner, a geologist at the University at Buffalo. Th
34、e ice sheet is melting, of course. But just how much, compared to the past? Briners team did a computer simulation（模拟）of the southwest of the Greenland ice sheet, which he says is a good proxy for ice melt across the entire ice sheet. The researchers plugged past climate data into that model to “ hi
35、ndcast”, rather than forecast, the past activity of the ice sheet. They then checked the models predictions of the past shape and size of the ice sheet by looking at piles of rocks and dirt on Greenland today, which outline the edges of ancient ice. And the simulation was in good agreement with the
36、actual situation. Using that reconstruction of the ice sheet over time, the team could compare the ice sheets historic losses to those happening today under human-caused global warming. And they determined that Greenland is on track to lose more ice this century than during any century in the past 1
37、2, 000 years possibly four times as much. The results appear in the journal Nature. Ultimately its up to us how much ice actually melts. “Humanity has the button the carbon button and that button is going to influence the rates of ice loss from the Greenland ice sheet.” If the world goes net carbon
38、zero by 2100, for example, Briner says ice loss could stop, entirely at the end of the century, according to one model. “That was what kept me from being completely depressed about our study. ” Dozens of countries have already announced goals to go net carbon zero by the middle of this century so fa
39、r the U. S. is not one of them.8. What does the underlined word “proxy” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Example.B. Recommendation.C. Combination.D. Interpretation.9. What do we learn from the computer simulation done by Briners team?A. It is conducted by predicting the activity of the ice sheet.B. It cen
40、ters on ice melt throughout the entire ice sheet.C. It consists with the ice sheets actual circumstance.D. It shows the ice sheets losses are in decline.10. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To arouse peoples interest in Greenland.B. To point out the importance of computer simulation.C. To
41、emphasize the accuracy of the simulation.D. To appeal to America to go net carbon zero.11. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. America Causes the Ice Sheet to MeltB. Global Sea Levels Are RisingC. Greenland Is Melting FasterD. Man Can Conquer Nature【答案】8. D 9. C 10. D 11.
42、 C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一项研究：纽约州立大学水牛城分校的地质学家布里纳的团队通过对格陵兰冰原西南部进行了一次计算机模拟发现，格陵兰岛在本世纪将失去的冰比过去12000年的任何一个世纪都要多，可能是过去的四倍。说明了格陵兰正在加速融化。【详解】1.词义猜测题。根据上文中“Briners team did a computer simulation（模拟）of the southwest of the Greenland ice sheet, ”（Briner的团队做了一个格陵兰冰原冰盖西南部的计算机模拟），可以推测此处应该是指“这是对整个冰盖融化的一个很好的诠释/解释”，选项
43、D Interpretation.“解释”符合文意。故选D。 2.推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“And the simulation was in good agreement with the actual situation.”（仿真结果与实际情况吻合较好。）选项C“It consist with the ice sheets actual circumstanc”（这与冰原的实际情况相符） 与文意一致，故选C。3.推理判断题。由最后一段中“ If the world goes net carbon zero by 2100, for example, Briner says ice l
44、oss could stop, entirely at the end of the century, according to one model. ”（比如说，如果到2100年全球的碳排放量达到零。布里纳说，根据一个模型，冰川融化可能会在本世纪末完全停止。）及最后一句“Dozens of countries have already announced goals to go net carbon zero by the middle of this century so far the U. S. is not one of them.”（许多国家已经宣布了在本世纪中叶实现碳零排放的目标
45、，但美国还没有达到这一目标。）可推知，本文的写作目的就是呼吁美国能实现碳零排放。故选D。4.主旨大意题。结合文章第二段中“Briners team did a computer simulation（模拟）of the southwest of the Greenland ice sheet, which he says is a good proxy for ice melt across the entire ice sheet. ”（布里纳的团队做了一个格陵兰冰原冰盖西南部的计算机模拟，他说这是整个冰盖融化的很好的诠释。）及第二段最后一句“And the simulation was i
46、n good agreement with the actual situation.”（模拟结果与实际情况吻合）；第三段中“And they determined that Greenland is on track to lose more ice this century than during any century in the past 12, 000 years possibly four times as much.”（他们断定格陵兰岛在本世纪将失去的冰比过去12000年的任何一个世纪都要多，可能是过去的四倍。）据此可知，全文说明了格陵兰岛的冰正在加速融化。故选C。DBrick
47、s are one of the oldest known building materials, dating back thousands of years. But researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have found a new use for bricks: as energy storage units. A team of engineers and chemists have found a way to transform an ordinary house brick into a pseudo-batte
48、ry allowing it to conduct and store electricity. The bricks are powerful enough to illuminate（点亮）an LED light bulb and cost only about $ 3 to make. “I love the idea of adding value to things that are inexpensive, things that are affordable, things that we kind of take for granted, ”said Julio DArcy,
49、 an assistant professor of chemistry at Washington University and one of the researchers on this project. The brick battery relies on the reddish pigment（色素）known as iron oxide, or rust, that gives red bricks their color. The scientists pumped the bricks with several gases that react with iron oxide
50、 to produce a network of plastic fibers. These microscopic fibers coat the empty spaces inside the bricks and conduct electricity. “What were trying to do is: were trying to make specialized plastics that are only used on the nano（纳米）scale where we use very little of the plastic, and we can actually
51、 insert that plastic inside construction materials. ” The study is in the journal Nature Communications. In the future, DArcy says, a brick wall could potentially serve a double purpose: providing structural support and storing electricity generated from renewable energy sources, such as solar panel
52、s. The technology is still at least a few years away from being ready for the commercial market. And right now the energy storage capacity of the bricks is still pretty low about 1 percent of a lithium battery. But the team is now testing ways to improve brick performance because it looks like you c
53、an teach an old brick new tricks.12. What appeals to Julio DArcy listing bricks as their subjects?A. Their low expense.B. Their common existence.C. Their additional value.D. Their internal composition.13. What is the last step of making a brick conduct electricity?A. Pump the brick with gases.B. Col
54、or the brick red.C. Produce microscopic fibers.D. Cover its inner vacancy with microscopic fibers.14. What will the future bricks be like according to the passage?A. Construction materials possessing low energy storage capacity.B. Construction materials generating renewable energy resources.C. Const
55、ruction materials used for electricity storage.D. Construction materials with built-in common plastic.15. Which word best describes the authors attitude to the technology?A. Skeptical.B. Objective.C. Conservative.D. Controversial.【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一项新的研究发现：圣路易斯华盛顿大学的研究人员发
56、现了砖块的新用途：作为储能单元，可以用来贮存电力。【详解】1.细节理解题。由题干关键词“Julio DArcy”定位到第二段中“I love the idea of adding value to things that are inexpensive, things that are affordable, things that we kind of take for granted, ” （我喜欢把价值赋予那些不贵的东西，那些我们可以负担得起的东西， 那些我们认为理所当然的东西的这个想法）。即Julio DArcy认为可以在砖块上面实现附加价值。故选C。2.细节理解题。由题干关键词“a
57、brick conduct electricity”定位到第三段“The brick battery relies on the reddish pigment（色素）known as iron oxide, or rust, that gives red bricks their color. The scientists pumped the bricks with several gases that react with iron oxide to produce a network of plastic fibers. These microscopic fibers coat th
58、e empty spaces inside the bricks and conduct electricity.”（砖块电池依赖于红色的颜料，氧化铁，或铁锈，使红砖呈现出它们的颜色。科学家们用几种气体与氧化铁反应生成一个塑料纤维网络。这些微小的纤维覆盖了砖块内部的空隙，并导电。）可知，第步color the brick red；第二步pump the brick with gaes；第三步produce microscopicfibers；第四步coat the empty spaces inside the bricks，所以最后一步是用显微纤维覆盖砖块内部的空隙。故答案为D。3.推理判断
59、题。根据文中第五段中“In the future, DArcy says, a brick wall could potentially serve a double purpose: providing structural support and storing electricity generated from renewable energy sources, such as solar panels.”（ DArcy说：“在未来，砖墙可能有双重用途： 提供结构支撑和储存可再生能源产生的电力，比如太阳能电池板。”）可知，未来的砖墙是能够贮存电力的建筑材料。选项C符合题意。故选C。4.
60、推理判断题。结合最后一段“The technology is still at least a few years away from being ready for the commercial market. And right now the energy storage capacity of the bricks is still pretty low”（这项技术至少还需要几年才能投入商业市场。现在砖块的储能能力仍然很低）可推知，此处作者是从客观实际阐述这种新技术。所以态度上市很客观的。选项A.“怀疑的”；选项B.“客观的”符合题意。选项C.“保守的，守旧的”；选项D.“有争议的”。
61、故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How fit are your teeth? Are you lazy about brushing them? Never fear: An inventor is on the case. An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush, _16_.The Kolibree toothbrush was exhibited at the International Co
62、nsumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas this week. It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connection. The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right（Dont forget the insides of the teeth!）and make sure youre brushing long en
63、ough. “_17_.” says Thomas Serval, the French inventor._18_, so developers could, for instance, create a game controlled by your toothbrush. You could score points for beating monsters among your teeth. “We try to make it smart but also fun,” Serval says. Serval says he was inspired by his experience
64、 as a father. He would come home from work and his children told him that they had brushed their teeth. He was pleased with their behavior _19_. He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his children brushed. The company says the Kolibree will go on sale this summer, for $99 to $ 19
65、9, depending on features. The U. S. is the first target market. Serval says that one day, itll be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera. _20_.A. thus awarding them more toothbrushesB. only to find their toothbrush heads dryC. The camera can also chec
66、k more tooth problemsD. It can even shoot holes in your teeth while you brushE. and it lets you track your performance on your phoneF. The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other applications on your phoneG. Its kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day-to-day basis【答
67、案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一种新型的电动牙刷既智能又有趣，能够检查人们的刷牙情况。【详解】1.根据上文中“An electric toothbrush senses how long and how well you brush, ”（电动牙刷可以感知你刷牙的时间长短和刷得好坏,）及下文中“It senses how it is moved and can send the information to an Android phone or iPhone via a Bluetooth wireless connect
68、ion.”（它能感知牙刷移动方式，并通过蓝牙无线连接将信息发送到安卓手机或 苹果手机。）可知，接下来描述的这种电动牙刷的功能在手机上能实现什么。选项E.“and it lets you track your performance on your phone”（它能让你在手机上追踪你的表现）符合句意。故选E。2.根据上文中“The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right and make sure youre brushing long enough. ”（这个牙刷会教你正确的刷牙，确保你刷牙的时间足够长。）可知，牙刷实现了教你刷
69、牙的功能，这是牙医的职责，所以接下来就是讲牙刷就像牙医一样可以做事。选项G.“Its kind of like having a dentist actually watch your brushing on a day-to-day basis”（这有点像让牙医每天监视你刷牙）符合题意。故选G。3.根据上文中“The toothbrush will be able to teach you to brush right”（这个牙刷会教你正确的刷牙）可知，讲述了牙刷的功能。是段落的中心句。根据句子特点，此处处于段首，同样讲述牙刷的功能。选项F.“The toothbrush will also
70、 be able to talk to other applications on your phone”（牙刷也可以和你手机上的其他应用程序通话），“also”和上文构成了递进关系。符合文意。故选F。4.根据上文“his children told him that they had brushed their teeth. He was pleased with their behavior,”（他的孩子们告诉他他们已经刷过牙了，他对他们的行为很满意,）及下文中“He decided he needed a brush that really told him how well his c
71、hildren brushed.”(他决定需要一把刷子来告诉他，他的孩子如何刷好牙。）可知，孩子们没有刷好牙，空白处讲述他看到孩子们的牙刷后的情况。选项B.“only to find their toothbrush heads dry”（却发现他们的牙刷头是干的）符合文意。故选B。5.根据上文“itll be possible to replace the brush on the handle with a brushing unit that also has a camera.”（可以把手柄上的牙刷头换成带摄像头的牙刷。）可知，接下来讲述的是带摄像头的牙刷的好处。选项C.“The ca
72、mera can also check more tooth problems”（摄像头还能检查更多的牙齿问题）符合文意。故选C。第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When I was nine years old. I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasnt very _21_ about it was that he could catch many fish while I
73、couldnt catch anything. I usually got _22_ upset and kept asking him why. He always answered “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish. ” I remember being even more upset then because. “Im not a fish!” I didnt know how to _23_ the same thought. Besides, I _24_, how could what
74、I think influence what a fish does? As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad rally _25_. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the _26_ meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very _27_ to wate
75、r temperature. That is why fish prefer _28_ water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides. water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the _29_. Yet. fish dont have any eyelids（眼皮）and the sun hurts their eyes. The more I understood fish. the more I became _30_ at finding and catch
76、ing them. When I grew up and entered the _31_ circles, I remember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like _32_. ” But it didnt completely _33_. My dad never once said. “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman. ”Years later, with great efforts to promote _34_ serv
77、ices to people much older and richer than me, I came to _35_ what we all need is to think more like customers.21. A. funB. discouragedC. contentD. amused22. A. stillB. prettyC. evenD. again23. A. strikeB. shareC. thinkD. enquire24. A. reasonedB. deniedC. editedD. recognized25. A. experiencedB. annou
78、ncedC. meantD. mattered26. A. regularB. religiousC. beneficialD. convenient27. A. sensibleB. considerateC. tolerantD. sensitive28. A. dampB. freshC. shallowD. shabby29. A. settlementB. shelterC. shadeD. exposure30. A. effectiveB. confidentC. madD. accurate31. A. administrationB. agricultureC. busine
79、ssD. government32. A. customersB. salespeopleC. fishermenD. fathers33. A. make progressB. make senseC. take risksD. take place34. A. old-styleB. clear-cutC. small-businessD. long-term.35. A. combB. imitateC. establishD. realize【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. C 32.
80、 B 33. B 34. D 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了小时候父亲教作者钓鱼，告诉他像鱼一样思考才能钓到鱼，多年后进入商界的作者通过父亲的话并结合多年的实践认识到应该像客户一样思考。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但唯一无趣的是，他能钓到很多鱼，而我什么也钓不到。A. fun 有趣的；B. discouraged 丧气的；C. content 满意的； D. amused 逗乐的。根据前文的“I loved to go fishing with my dad.”以及本句的“But”可以得知这句话与前句呈转折关系，作者原本兴冲冲地和父亲一起去钓鱼，但总是钓不到鱼
81、，这是比较扫兴的，即没意思的，故选A项。【22题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我通常很沮丧，不停地问他为什么。A. still 仍旧； B. pretty 很 ；C. even 甚至 ；D. again 再次。联系前文可知作者钓不到鱼，所以心情很沮丧，“pretty”用来强调作者心情的沮丧程度。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道如何分享同样的想法。A. strike 碰撞； B. share 分享；C. think 认为 ；D. enquire 询问。根据前文“Im not a fish!”可知，作者没法认为自己是一条鱼，所以不知道如何分享同样的想法，指“像鱼一样思考”。
82、故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我思忖着，我的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？A. reasoned 推论；B. denied 否定 ；C. edited 编辑； D. recognized 意识。根据空后的“how could what I think influence what a fish does?”可知，作者在想的想法怎么会影响鱼的行为呢？用reason一词突出了作者的不解，故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我开始明白我父亲的意思。A.experienced 经历 ；B. announced 宣布； C. meant 意思是； D. matt
83、ered 要紧。这里指的是父亲让他像鱼一样思考的意思。故选C项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我甚至加入了当地的钓鱼俱乐部，开始参加定期的会议。A. regular 规律的； B. religious 宗教的 ；C. beneficial 有利的；D. convenient 方便的。通过前文得知，作者为了让自己感受到鱼的感受，参加了俱乐部，通过推测，俱乐部的会议是定期会议。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我学到了鱼是冷血动物，因此对水温非常敏感。A. sensible 明智的 ；B. considerate 体贴的 ； C. tolerant 宽容的； D. sen
84、sitive 敏感的。根据前文得知鱼是冷血动物，所以推测出鱼对水温敏感。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么鱼喜欢浅水而不是深水，因为前者更温暖。A. damp 潮湿 ； B. fresh 新鲜；C. shallow 浅的； D. shabby 破旧的。根据前文“fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature.”可以得知鱼是冷血动物，对水温非常敏感。而且通过前文的“prefer”可知此处与后文“deep water”相反的意思。故选C。【29题详解】考
85、查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，阳光直射下的水通常比阴凉处的水更热。 A. settlement 解决 ； B. shelter 居所 ； C. shade 阴影 ； D. exposure 暴露。与前文的“direct sunlight”相反，此处应该说的是阴凉处的水。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我越了解鱼，我就越能准确地发现和捕捉它们。A. effective 有效的 ； B. confident 自信的 ； C. mad 疯狂的； D. accurate准确的。联系上下文得知，作者越了解鱼，就越能准确地抓到鱼。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入
86、商界时，我记得我的第一任老板说过：“我们都需要像客户一样思考。” A. administration 行政管理； B. agriculture 农业； C. business 商业 ； D. government 政府。根据后文“we all need is to think more like customers.”得知作者的工作是服务客户，所以他进入了商界。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我长大进入商界时，我记得我的第一任老板说过：“我们都需要像销售员一样思考。” A. customers 顾客；B. salespeople销售人员；C. fishermen 渔民 ； D
87、. fathers 父亲。根据空后的“My dad never once said. “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman. ”可知，我父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，因此此处用salespeople对应fisherman，表明老板的观点不对，故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词组辨析。句意：但这完全行不通。A. make progress取得进展 ； B. make sense 有意义； C. take risks 冒险 ； D. take place 发生。根据空后的“My
88、 dad never once said. “If you want to catch a fish you need to think like a fisherman. ”可知，我父亲从未说过，“如果你想钓到一条鱼，你需要像渔夫一样思考。”，并结合下文作者通过实践最终认识到的道理可知，老板说的话根本行不通，应该向客户一样思考而不是像销售人员一样思考，故选B项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几年后，通过努力向比我年长和富有得多的人长期进行服务，我逐渐意识到我们都需要的是更像客户一样思考。A. old-style 旧式的 ； B. clear-cut 明确的； C. small-bu
89、siness 小企业的； D. long-term长期的。通过本句前面“Years later”，将时间点定位在几年后，所以是长期服务。故选D项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，通过努力向比我年长和富有得多的人长期进行服务，我逐渐意识到我们都需要的是更像客户一样思考。A. comb 梳理 ；B. imitate 模仿； C. establish 建立； D. realize 意识到。作者通过结合父亲的话和多年的实践，最终领悟出了人生哲理，逐渐意识到我们都需要的是更像客户一样思考。故选D项。【点睛】第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的
90、单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The landmark success of herbal expert Tu Youyou, the first Chinese woman _36_ (win) a Nobel Prize in Science, _37_ (arouse) an extreme sense of national pride and hopes on the future of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in the past few days. Tu, born in 1930, shared the 2015 Nobel Pri
91、ze in Physiology or Medicine with Irish-born William Campbell and Japans Omura for her discoveries _38_ (concern) a treatment for malaria（疟疾）. She discovered Artemisinin（青蒿素）, a drug _39_ has significantly reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria. “Artemisinin is a gift for the wo
92、rld people from the traditional Chinese medicine. It is of great significance for curing malaria and other infectious diseases and for protecting the health of the world people.” Tu said in Beijing. The prize winning is _40_ honor for Chinas science cause and traditional Chinese medicine in their co
93、urse of reaching out to the world. “Tus winning the prize signifies Chinas prosperity and progress in _41_ (science) and technological field, marks a great contribution of traditional Chinese medicine _42_ the cause of human health. and shows Chinas growing strengths and rising international standin
94、g,” Premier Li Keqiang said in a congratulatory letter on Monday evening. In 1951, she _43_ (admit) into Beijing University, majoring in pharmacognosy（生药学）. Since graduating from college in 1955, she has been a chief researcher and professor at the Beijing-based China Academy of Chinese Medical Scie
95、nces. In 2011, Tu won Americas respected Lasker Award for the anti-malaria therapy. On Weibo, the breaking news has been sent by at least tens of thousands of users and received countless _44_(thumb-up). Netizen “Xiaoxie” wrote, “Now I feel _45_ (true) proud of being a medical student.【答案】36. to win
96、 37. has aroused 38. concerning 39. which/that 40. an 41. scientific 42. to 43. was admitted 44. thumb-ups 45. truly【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了中国的屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的消息及影响。【详解】1.考查非谓语。句意：中国第一位获得诺贝尔科学奖的女性，中药专家屠呦呦在过去的几天里取得了里程碑式的成功，激起了极大的民族自豪感和对中医药未来的希望。根据上文中“the first Chinese woman ”可知，当名词前有序数词修饰时，用不定式作后置定语。故填t
97、o win。2.考查现在完成时。句意 同上。根据下文中 “in the past few days”，意为“在过去的几天里”，为时间段，结合现在完成时的用法：当时间状语为“during / in /over the last/past + 时间段”，主句要用现在完成时。本句主语为“the first Chinese woman”，是单数，故填has aroused。3.考查非谓语。句意：屠呦呦生于1930年，因为她在疟疾治疗方面的发现，在2015年与爱尔兰出生的威廉塞西尔坎贝尔和日本大村共同获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。分析句子可知，本句中谓语为动词“shared”，“her discoverie
98、s”与“concern”为主谓关系，所以要用非谓语的现在分词形式作后置定语，故填concerning。4.考查定语从句。句意：她发现了青蒿素，这是一种能显著降低疟疾患者死亡率的药物。分析句子可知，“ 4 has significantly reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria”为定语从句，修饰先行词 “a drug”，同时先行词在定语从句中作主语，故填which/that。5.考查冠词。句意：这个奖是中国科学事业和中医药走向世界的光荣。根据下文中“honor”，意为“让人引以为荣的事”，为可数名词，因为首个音节为
99、元音，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。6.考查形容词。句意：“屠呦呦获奖标志着中国在科学技术领域的繁荣与进步，标志着中医药对人类健康事业的巨大贡献。”根据下文中“and technological field,”可知，此处和“technological”并列用形容词作定语，故填scientific。7.考查介词。句意同上。固定搭配：contribute to sth. “对某事的贡献”，故填to。8.考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：1951年，她考入北京大学，主修生药学。根据上文中“In 1951”可知，时态用一般过去时；主语”she”和谓语动词“admit”为被动关系，要用被动语态。故填was
100、 admitted。9.考查名词复数。句意：在微博上，这条新闻已经被至少成千上万的用户转发，并收到了无数的点赞。结合上文中countless（无数的）可知此处要用名词复数，故填thumb-ups。10.考查副词。句意：现在我真的为自己是一个医科学生而感到骄傲。根据下文中“proud ”为形容词，所以此处要用副词修饰。形容词“true”，意为“真的”，副词形式为“truly”。故填truly。第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）46. 假设你是李华，在美国某中学做交流生。你的同学对中国宴请赴约的习俗很感兴趣，特请你用英语写一篇发言稿，介绍中国的宴请习俗。内容包括：1. 到达
101、时间；2. 餐桌礼仪；3. 饮酒习俗。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答；3. 参考词汇：banquet 宴会Hello, everyone, _【答案】Ladies and gentlemen,I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you something about Chinese banquet customs. Firstly, banquets are usually held in private rooms in restaurants which have been reserved for
102、 the purpose. Guests, who have been invited, will be met at the door on the day when the banquet is held. Secondly, while at banquets, guests dont begin to eat until the host raises his chopsticks. Drinking also takes an important place during a Chinese banquet. Banquets always begin with a toast. F
103、inally, when the last dish is finished, the banquet has officially ended. Generally, the host will say good-bye to everyone at the door and stay longer to pay the bill.Thank you for listening.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇发言稿，介绍中国的宴请习俗。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时,少量现在完成时等。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总
104、说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 到达时间；2. 餐桌礼仪；3. 饮酒习俗。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）in private rooms in restaurants; be met at the door; on the day; not begin to eat until the host raises his chopsticks; begin with a toast; the last dish; say good-bye to everyone第三步：连词成句1. I feel greatly honored to be here to tell you
105、 something about Chinese banquet customs.2. Firstly, banquets are usually held in private rooms in restaurants which have been reserved for the purpose.3. Guests, who have been invited, will be met at the door on the day when the banquet is held. 4. Secondly, while at banquets, guests dont begin to
106、eat until the host raises his chopsticks. 5. Drinking also takes an important place during a Chinese banquet.6. Banquets always begin with a toast.7. Finally, when the last dish is finished, the banquet has officially ended.8. Generally, the host will say good-bye to everyone at the door and stay lo
107、nger to pay the bill.9. Thank you for listening.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）如：表文章结构顺序：Firstly, Secondly, Finally连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1 Firstly, banquets are usually held in private rooms in restaurants which have been reserved for the purpose.（关系代词which引导的限制性定语
108、从句）高分句型2 Guests, who have been invited, will be met at the door on the day when the banquet is held.（关系代词who引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was a rainy November morning. Overcome with anger I knew if I didnt leave the house soon I would lose my temper with my husban
109、d, Joe. As rain came down in sheets, Joe offered to take me to work. I struggled into my jacket, seized my bag and teaching plans and ignored him. He insisted and reached for his boots. I looked at the piles of newspapers and the dirty dishes sill on the table. “Dont you have enough to do? I can tak
110、e care of myself. ” I stormed out, not even kissing him good-bye. Joe shouted after me not to take the shortcut. Joe and I had been eagerly looking forward to our retirement when a heart attack that past spring forced him to leave his job earlier than we had planned. As the medical bills mounted we
111、realized I would have to continue working full-time while Joe stayed home and took over the housework. The new arrangement was a disaster. Exhausted after a day of full work, all I wanted was a hot home-cooked meal and a good nights sleep. However, what greeted me at the table was a microwave packag
112、e. Sometimes he would serve oatmeal（燕麦）for several nights in a row. One night when I dragged myself to bed, I was terrified to discover Joe had turned our white sheets blue. He told me he had found out how to save on water, soap and electricity. He patted his blue trousers and announced proudly wash
113、ing everything together was just the secret. Ten minutes later, ignoring Joe s warning, I turned off the main route. I thought it hadnt rained enough to flood the road, but as I rounded the corner water rushed across my path. After a few feet, the car got stuck. I opened the door and water poured in
114、. I hurriedly closed the door. I couldnt risk walking in this. Almost 20 minutes passed. The car began to shake. I got frightened to death when I heard three long honks（喇叭声）. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Looking over my shoulder, I stared into the flashing lights of a truck._I screamed at
115、Joe that I couldnt make it. _【答案】Paragraph 1:Looking over my shoulder, I stared into the flashing lights of a truck. It was Joe！I couldnt help bursting into tears. Joe shouted to me not to be frightened. Then he threw a thick rope so that I could hang on to it and walk straight toward him. I opened
116、the door, grabbed it and inched out. However, a sudden fall left me in the rushing water. I struggled to my feet, only to find a branch blocking the way right in front of me.Paragraph 2:I screamed that I couldnt make it. Joe, however, remained calm！He urged me to take one step at a time and assured
117、me I could make it. I moved forward slowly and cautiously before I fell into his arms. Sobbing against his chest, I apologized that I shouldnt have taken the shortcut. Joe patted me saying his primary concern was my safety. Only then did I realize Joe actually understood how to take care of me despi
118、te his trouble with the housework.【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了十一月的一个早晨，下着大雨，作者的丈夫Joe叮嘱作者不要抄近路去上班，而作者没有听丈夫的话，还是走了近路，结果车被困在了积满雨水的道路上。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我回过头，盯着一辆卡车闪烁的灯光。”可知，第一段可描写作者发现是丈夫来解救自己，以及丈夫解救作者的经过，最后作者被一根树枝拦住了。由第二段首句内容“我尖叫着说我过去不了。”可知，第二段可描写作者的丈夫是如何鼓励作者克服了困难的，最后作者意识到丈夫其实懂得如何照顾自己，尽管他做家务很麻烦。2.续写线索：回头看
119、到灯光丈夫开车救援鼓励成功解救感悟3.词汇激活行为类大喊：shout at sb./ cry out/call out抓住：get hold of/ catch hold of/ seize/ clench/grab鼓励：encourage/ urge/inspire哭泣：weep/ sob/ cry道歉：apologize/ make an apology/say sorry for情绪类感谢：show appreciation/show gratitude/be grateful积极：positive attitude/act positively【点睛】高分句型1.Then he threw a thick rope so that I could hang on to it and walk straight toward him. (运用了so that引导的目的状语从句)高分句型2.Only then did I realize Joe actually understood how to take care of me despite his trouble with the housework.（运用了“only + 副词”置于句首的倒装句。）27