1、Module 3Section . 阅读理解A2014深圳高三第一次调研Longtime exposureW1 to air pollution can lead toP1 physical changes in the brain and cause trouble in learning and memory, and even anxietyW2. This is suggested by the results of new research on mice.While other studies have shown the harmful effects of polluted a
2、ir in the lungs and heart, this is the first to show the negativeW3 effect on the brain.The team of Laura Fonken, Randy Nelson, from the Ohio State University, USA, has spread to the brain a previousW4 line of research which found that fine particulate(微粒) matter floating in the air mainly because o
3、fP2 air pollution caused by humans, causes swelling in much of the body, and may be related toP3 high blood pressure problems, and some other diseases.In the research Fonken and his colleagues exposed mice to polluted air for six hours each day, five days a week, over a period of 10 months, almost h
4、alf the average life length of mice.Polluted air contains fine particles created by cars, factories and natural dust. Fine particles of this kind are tiny, about 2.5 micrometers in diameter, or about onethirtieth the width of a human hair. These particles can go deep into lungs and other organs.The
5、concentration of this particulate material to which they exposed mice is equal toP4 the concentration at which people can be exposed in some polluted urban areas.SAfter a period of 10 months, the researchers got the animals to have a series ofP5 behavioralW5 tests. Both the behavior of mice and the
6、results of neurological(神经的) tests done to them show that those within the polluted air had more problems in learning and memory, and higher levels of anxiety.The results suggest that longtime exposure to polluted air can have measurable negative effects on the human brain and can cause a variety of
7、 mental health problems. This could have important consequences for those living and working in polluted urban areas.1. The results of new research on mice first suggest that polluted air mainly does harm to _.A. normal organs B. lungs and heartC. mental healthD. blood pressure2. What harmful effect
8、 of polluted air is mentioned in other studies?A. The harmful effect on learning.B. The harmful effect on all the organs.C. The harmful effect on lungs and heart.D. The harmful effect on improving memory.3. The bad effects of tiny particles in polluted air are those Except _.A. high blood pressure p
9、roblemsB. making human hair thinnerC. different kinds of diseasesD. swelling in much of the body4. From the last sentence we can infer that people living in polluted urban areas _.A. are likely to suffer from mental problemsB. can measure the negative effect on themC. show little concern for air pol
10、lutionD. can be exposed to polluted air longer5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Longtime Exposure to Air PollutionB. Evidence and Concern of Air PollutionC. Measurable Effect on Human BrainD. Mental Problems Caused by Air Pollution是一篇科普文章，讲述最新的一项科学发现，让老鼠长期呆在污染的空气中，除了过去人们
11、已经发现的对身体的影响外，首次发现了污染对神经系统的影响。这会引起居住在污染的城市居民的关注。1. C细节理解题。根据前两段理解可知。2. C细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容可知。3. B细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容可知。4. A推理判断题。根据最后一段理解可知。5. D主旨理解题。理解整个故事可知。W重点单词1. exposure n. 暴露 2. anxiety n. 焦虑 3. negative adj. 消极的，否定的 4. previous adj. 以前的，先前的 5. behavioral adj. 行为的，动作的 P重点短语1. lead to 通向，导致 2. because
12、 of 由于，因为 3. be related to 与有关 4. be equal to 与相等，胜任5. a series of 一系列 S长难句译文：老鼠所接触的这种微生物的密度与人们在一些污染区接触的污染密度是一样的。剖析：本句中含有to_which和at_which引导的两个定语从句。B2014北约自主招生英语全真模拟试题It is not often realizedW1 that women held a high place in southern European societies in the 10th and 11th centuries. As a wife, the
13、 woman was protectedW2 by the setting upP1 of a dowry (嫁妆). Admittedly, the purpose of this was to protect her against the risk of desertion, but in realityP2 its function in the social and family life of the time was much more important. The dowry was the wifes right to receive a tenth of all her h
14、usbands propertyW3. The wife had the right to with hold consent, in all transactions the husband would make, and more than just a right; the documents show that she enjoyed a real power of decision, equal to that of her husband. In no caseP3 do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the
15、legal status of husband and wifes. The wife shared in the management of her husbands personal property, but the opposite was not always true. Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance against husbands who tried to exceed their rights, and on occasionW4 they showed a fine fighti
16、ng spirit.S A case in point is that of Maria Vivas. Having agreed with her husband Miro to sell a field she had inherited, for the needs of the household, she insisted onP4 compensation. None being offered, she succeeded in dragging her husband to the scribe to have a contract duly drawn upP5 assign
17、ing her a piece of land from Miros personal inheritance. The unfortunate husband was obliged to agree, as the contract says, “for the sake ofP6 peace.” Either through the dowry or through being hottempered, the wife knew how to win herself, with the context of the family, a powerful economic positio
18、n.6. Originally, the purpose of a dowry is to _.A.give a woman the right to receive all her husbands propertyB. help a woman to enjoy a higher position in the familyC. protect a woman against the risk of desertionD. both A and C7. According to the passage, the legal status of the wife in marriage wa
19、s _.A.higher than that of a single womanB. higher than that of her husbandC. lower than that of her husbandD. the same as that of her husband8. Why does the author give us the example of Maria Vivas?A.To show that the wife shared in the management of her husbands personal property.B. To show that th
20、e wife can defend her own inheritance.C. To prove that women have powerful position.D. To illustrate how women win her property.9. The compensation Maria Vivas got for the field is _.A.some of the land Miro had inheritedB. a tenth of Miros landC. money for household expensesD. money form Miros inher
21、itance10. The authors attitude towards Maria Vivas is _.A.sympathetic B. disapproval C. indifferent D. objective本文介绍了欧洲南部10和11世纪嫁妆对女性在婚姻中地位的重要性。虽然嫁妆最初的目的是防止女性被抛弃，但实际上它的作用远远不止于此。它使妻子在婚姻中的地位与丈夫平等，并保障了妻子的经济利益。女性在维护自己的利益上，是很坚定果敢的，Maria Vivas就是一个例子。6C推断题。见第一段第三句，“Admittedly, the purpose of this was to pr
22、otect her against the risk of desertion.”，虽然在实际生活中嫁妆有更重要的作用，但最初它的作用只是为了防范女性被丈夫抛弃，所以C为正确答案。7D 细节题。根据本文，妻子在婚姻中的法律地位和丈夫是平等的。见第一段最后一句，“In no case do the documents indicate any degree of difference in the legal status of husband and wife”文件中并没有表明丈夫和妻子在法律地位上有任何的差别，也就是说他们的地位是平等的，所以D为正确答案。8B推断题。作者举Maria Viv
23、as的事例，是为了说明妻子是能够捍卫自己的利益的。见第二段第二句，“Women seemed perfectly prepared to defend their own inheritance.they showed a fine fighting spirit.”如果丈夫要侵占自己的利益，女性们就时刻准备着捍卫自己的利益，有时她们还表现出很强的斗争精神。接下来作者就举了Maria Vivas的例子，说明女性是有能力捍卫自己的利益的。所以B为正确答案。9A细节题。Maria Vivas得到的一份作为补偿的土地，本来是属于Miro的个人财产。见第二段第五句，“None being offere
24、d, she succeeded in. assigning her a piece of land from Miros personal inheritance”由此知A为正确答案。10D推断题。作者对Maria Vivas所持的态度是客观的。作者客观地介绍了Maria Vivas的事例，并没有表示出同情、不满或者是漠不关心，所以A、B、C都是错误答案。W重点单词1. realize v. 认识到，意识到 2. protect v. 保护 3. property n. 财产 4. occasion n. 场合，时机 P重点短语1. set up 设立，建立 2. in reality 实际
25、上，事实上 3. in no case 决不 4. insist on 坚持 5. draw up 起草 6. for the sake of 为起见 S长难句译文：妇女已做好充分准备来捍卫她们的继承权，阻止丈夫试图越权，有时她们表现出很强的斗争精神。剖析：本句and连接两个并列句，第一个分句中包含who引导的定语从句。. 短文改错2014宁夏银川一中四月模拟 I prefer my English classes to be taught in English only. What we all know, a good learning environment is of greatly
26、importance if we want to study English well. Classes teaching in English provide students for a better environment. When English is an only language in class, students will have more opportunity to practise listening and speaking. However, there were problems with this method. Sometimes we may find
27、difficult to follow the teacher and some slow learners may even give up learn English. In spite of these difficulties, but I believe practice makes perfect. With enough practice, we can overcome the difficulties and benefit from English classes in the long run.答案：I prefer my English classes to be ta
28、ught in English only. we all know, a good learning environment is of importance if we want to study English well. Classes in English provide students a better environment. When English is only language in class, students will have more to practise listening and speaking. However, there problems with this method. Sometimes we may find difficult to follow the teacher and some slow learners may even give up English. In spite of these difficulties, I believe practice makes perfect. With enough practice, we can overcome the difficulties and benefit from English classes in the long run.