1、单元质量评估（三）时间：100分钟分数：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AThe Ig Nobel Prizes praise research that makes you laugh and then think.The winners are allowed to make a oneminute speech with time kept by an eightyearold！ Every year， in Harvards Sanders Theatre，
2、people watch the winners step forward to accept their prizes.These are physically handed out by real Nobel laureates（获得者）.Lets have a look at some of them.The Empty Bladder（膀胱）ExperimentFour researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found that animals above 3 kg empty their bladders in about 21
3、 seconds.What is the purpose of this study？ The researchers hope this will help solve urinary（泌尿的） problems in animals.The Science of EggsA team of Australian scientists managed to get hardboiled egg whites to become raw again.While it sounds silly， this research could have a serious influence on ca
4、ncer（癌症）research.The Fascination with AnimalsCharles Foster and Thomas Thwaites from the UK shared the 2016 Ig Nobel Prize in Biology.Thomas chose to live like a goat and wrote about his experience in “GoatMan： How I Took a Holiday from Being Human”.Charles， on the other hand， spent some time in the
5、 wild， trying out the lives of many animals.He felt it gave him a chance to explore the world around us with more of our senses.Colours & HorsefliesA team from Hungary， Spain， Sweden and Switzerland won the 2016 Ig Nobel Prize in Physics.They studied why horseflies have less interest in whitehaired
6、horses.The team used handmade horses covered in glue.They found that dark colours attracted more flies because of how sunlight reflected（反射）off them.To the food searchers， it was a sign of food.This finding could explain the white coats of zebras too.【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个获得搞笑诺贝尔奖的研究。1.Who give the Ig
7、 Nobel winners their prizes？A.Eightyearolds.B.Harvard professors.C.Nobel Prize winners. D.Nobel Prize organizers.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These are physically handed out by real Nobel laureates（获得者）.”可知，搞笑诺贝尔奖是由真正的诺贝尔奖得主颁发的。答案：C2.What did Charles Foster and Thomas Thwaites have in common？A.They shared the I
8、g Nobel Prize in Physics.B.Both their experiments centered on animals.C.They did their research in the same place.D.Both their experiments explored human senses.解析：细节理解题。根据The Fascination with Animals的介绍可知，查尔斯福斯特和托马斯思威的研究对象都是动物。答案：B3.What does the underlined part “food searchers” refer to？A.Zebras.
9、B.Horseflies.C.Handmade horses. D.Whitehaired horses.解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分前一句“They found that dark colours attracted more flies because of how sunlight reflected（反射）off them.”可知，研究人员发现深颜色会吸引更多马蝇的原因在于太阳光在其上的反射方式，马蝇会将这种被反射回来的光视作食物的标志，故可推知，food searchers在此处指代“马蝇”。答案：BBAbout the year 1900， a small， darkhaired
10、 hot boy named Charlie Chaplin was often seen waiting outside the back entrance of London Theatre.He looked thin and hungry.He was hoping to get work in show business.He could sing and dance； above all， he knew how to make people laugh.But he couldnt get work and so he wandered about the city street
11、s.Sometimes he was sent away to a home for children who had no parents.But twenty years later this name Chaplin became the greatest， bestknown， and bestloved comedian in the world.Any visitor to the cinema must have seen some of Chaplins filmstrips（胶片）.People everywhere have sat and laughed at them
12、until the tears ran down their faces.Even people who dont understand English can enjoy Chaplins films though most of them are silent.It isnt what he says that makes us laugh.His comedy doesnt depend upon words and languages.It depends upon little actions which mean the same thing to people all over
13、the world.Acting out， without words， common human situations plays an important part in the dances and plays of many countries.Its a kind of world language.Chaplin lived most of his life in America and died in Switzerland on Christmas Day， 1977， at the age of eightyeight.The world was astonished at
14、the news of the death and burst into sadness.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了卓别林作为喜剧演员的经历及成就。4.Why was young Chaplin waiting outside the back entrance of the theatre？A.Because he had no money to buy a ticket.B.Because he wanted to get a returned ticket.C.Because he wanted to play a part in a play in order to make a li
15、ving.D.Because he wanted to see the famous actors or actresses after the performance.解析：推理判断题。从第一段中的hungry一词及“hoping to get work in show business”可判断出。答案：C5.It wasthat made people enjoy his films.A.wonderful dialoguesB.the beautiful musicC.his funny appearanceD.his own manner of acting解析：推理判断题。由第二段中
16、的倒数第三句：表演一些对于全世界人来说相同的小事，可知答案选D。答案：D6.The reason why Chaplin is regarded as king of comedy is that.A.most of his films were silentB.he knew how to make people laughC.he could not only act but also write comediesD.he acted out the common human situations best in his comedy解析：推理判断题。从第二段的最后两句可知无声的表演在喜剧
17、中扮演重要角色，并且它是一种世界性语言，卓别林也因此被认为是喜剧之王。答案：D7.Whats the best title for this passage？A.Charlie Chaplin， a Famous Humorous ActorB.Charlie Chaplin， a WorkerC.Charlie Chaplin， a Small BoyD.Charlie Chaplin， a Director解析：主旨大意题。本文主要说明了卓别林作为喜剧演员的成就。B、C和D太片面。答案：ACA cultures values can be mirrored by its humour.Hu
18、mour has been evaluated by many great minds such as Thomas Hobbes，who，in On Nature，disliked humour，“Laughter is nothing else but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others.”He thought humour to be a negative quality of human narrow mindedness.However， Mordechai Gordon
19、， Ph.D of Education，insists，“Humour allows us to view the world from an angle that is amusing rather than serious.”I agree with Gordon.Learning to look at the world through humour is important.In the United States，every four years an election occurs.Without humour as a way to express their feelings，
20、 how else would Americans keep from clawing their eyes out and going the way of lemming？ Television shows like The Daily Show have become important parts of American culture.They are mothering the masses by metaphorically（隐喻地） airplaning politics into our mouths.They make politics fun.Of course， pol
21、itics is only one type of humour.Social humour helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition. American pop culture promotes an unhealthy selfimage.On the topic of selfimage， Hari Kondabolu stands out.He has a joke about the popular musical group “The Pussycat Dolls”，describing the
22、ir hit song Dont Cha as a negative representation of women.He points out an obvious offence in American culture.A study from Loyola University of Maryland has shown that humour is one determining factor for selecting a mating partner.Among other things， mates look for an outstanding funny bone in a
23、potential partner.Of course，humour is not always used for good purposes. Humour can be linked to vulgarity（粗俗） and racism， but，like everything else，it has potential to unite human beings by allowing us to laugh at ourselves，our failures and our connection with one another.Though life may seem tough
24、and depressing at times，all I have to do is to look in the mirror at my increased wrinkles（皱纹）to know that there is a comedy out there that even Chaplin wasnt aware of.With that in mind， remember to laugh with humanity and sometimes at humanity.【语篇解读】本文主要阐述了幽默的魅力。8.Hobbes believes that humour.A.was
25、only a way to laugh at others to make oneself feel betterB.resulted in narrowmindedness of human beingsC.had the power to mirror personal glory and national valuesD.was for people to view the world from another angle解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“.Thomas Hobbes，who，in On Nature，disliked humour，Laughter is nothing e
26、lse but sudden glory arising from sudden thought of feeling far better than others.”可知，霍布斯认为幽默只是让自己比别人感觉良好的一种方式。答案：A9.What is the authors attitude towards political humour？A.Worried. B.Disappointed.C.Curious. D.Appreciative.解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，作者对政治性幽默的态度是赞成的。答案：D10.The fourth paragraph is developed ma
27、inly by.A.example B.processC.comparison D.classification解析：写作手法题。本段首先提出主题“Social humour helps people through the twists and turns of the human condition.American pop culture promotes an unhealthy selfimage.”然后用康德波的例子说明这一主题。故选A。答案：A11.What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？A.Chaplin wasnt awa
28、re of being laughed at.B.The author feels helpless and sad about getting older.C.Never be the one who laughs at other people.D.The author is determined to face life with a sense of humour.解析：推理判断题。通读最后两段可知，虽然生活充满艰辛，但作者还是会乐观地面对生活。答案：DDWhen I was young，my understanding of events and people was simple：
29、 things were good or bad.When I became a young man，things seemed far more complicated.This made life filled with motivation and decision.Now，as a man in middle age，and a new father，I find that my view of the world is reducing itself to the simple again.I teach my daughter what she needs to know abou
30、t life，breaking complex things down into small pieces so I can explain them.I find this brings me back to the handful of important basics of being alive.One of these is respect： respect for yourself and for others.I remember onceI must have been seven or eightI was playing at my cousins house with h
31、is toys.His family was better off than mine，and he had many more toys than I did.There was one that Id always wanted，and I slipped it into my pocket when he wasnt looking.Even at that age，I would always know I had stolen，and my opinion of myself would suffer.My aunt drove me home later，and when she
32、dropped me off I pulled out the toy and gave it back.She knew what had happened，but she thanked me and never spoke of it again.I hope to help my daughter avoid similar mistakes，because I know she has to gain selfrespect before she can start truly respecting others.Then shell be able to accept it her
33、self.So I believe in respect.Because without respect theres no caring，and life is wasteland.Im not perfect in this regard.But I try my best，and I respect others for trying their best in this changing world.I respect people for trying to live according to some inner standardto raise their children to
34、 hope，to try，and to respect.【语篇解读】这是一篇生活感悟类的文章。作者从自己对人生态度的变化，阐述我们在生活中要学会尊重自己和他人，这样才能让生活充满乐趣。12.Whats the authors attitude toward life？A.He finds no motivation in life.B.He wants the complex side of it.C.He likes to make life simple.D.He thinks the decisions difficult.解析：细节理解题。第一段谈到作者对待生活的态度的变化。根据最后一
35、句可知，如今步入中年，他喜欢世界是简单的，因此选C。答案：C13.What did the author do with the toy he stole from his cousin？A.He gave it back to his aunt.B.He brought it home for his daughter.C.He lost it on his way home.D.He kept it secretly for himself.解析：细节理解题。由第四段可知，作者偷了自己表兄的玩具，后来在作者的姨妈送他回家的时候，他觉得羞愧而把玩具归还了，因此选A。答案：A14.What d
36、oes the author think of himself about respecting others？A.He seldom realizes that he should do so.B.He is far from perfect and has to do more.C.He is doing it better than his friends.D.He is a good model for his daughter.解析：推理判断题。谈到尊重别人，文章最后说作者自己在这方面做得还不够，但是在努力这样做，因此选B。答案：B15.Which of the following
37、can serve as the best title for the passage？A.The art of bringing up childrenB.The basic things to make a livingC.My experience of stealing thingsD.Learn to respect yourself and others解析：主旨大意题。本文通过讲述作者对待生活的前后态度的改变和其过去的一段经历告诉我们，在生活中要学会尊重自己、尊重他人，因此D项可作为本文的标题。答案：D第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能
38、填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Do You Have a Positive Attitude？Who would you rather hang around with？ Someone who always acts in low spirits？ Or someone who manages to see the good around him， even when things arent always going great？16Having a positive attitude can help you in many ways.17Your friends wil
39、l definitely appreciate you more if you see the silver lining rather than just the dark clouds！18The less pressure you feel， the better you will feel overall.So if youve been feeling tired， put on a happy face and you just might feel better soon.But how can you have a positive attitude when life is
40、hard？ Its more than just turning lifes lemons into lemonade.19But its worth it.A positive attitude doesnt mean ignoring lifes troubles.It just means looking for the good in things， rather than being a pessimist and concentrating on the bad in things.Sometimes your attitude can make all the differenc
41、e.Identify（识别）those areas of your life that might not be going so well.20Focus on one at a time and think of ways you can find the positive in things.A.The answer is to have a positive attitude.B.Having a positive attitude can take some hard work.C.They are likely to make you have negative thoughts.
42、D.Having a positive attitude can also reduce your stress level.E.If you have a positive attitude， youre more fun to be around.F.When you feel better physically， you naturally feel better mentally.G.Its no surprise that people enjoy being around positive people rather than negative people.【语篇解读】与那些垂头
43、丧气的人相比，人们更愿意和那些具有积极心态的人在一起。本文论述了积极心态的重要性和拥有积极心态的方法。16.解析：上文是三个问句：你愿意与什么样的人在一起？是那些总是垂头丧气的人？还是那些总是设法看到事情积极一面的人？因此G项（人们喜欢和积极的人而不是消极的人在一起是意料之中的事）回答了上文提出的三个问题。答案：G17.解析：上一句提到积极的心态可以在很多方面帮到你，因此E项（如果有积极的心态，你就能给身边的人带去更多的快乐）紧承上文，说明了积极心态带给周围的人的好处。答案：E18.解析：上一段讲了积极心态给周围的人带去的好处，下句提到压力越少，你的 整体感觉就越好，因此D项（拥有积极的心态也
44、能减少你的压力）在此承上启下。答案：D19.解析：上一句提到拥有积极的心态不像把柠檬变成柠檬水那样简单，那是需要人的努力的，故B项符合语境。答案：B20.解析：上一句提到要找出生活中不顺的事情，下一句提到一次只专注于一件事，并找到它积极的一面，因此C项（它们可能会使你产生消极的思想）在此承上启下。答案：C第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。As a child， I started learning to play the piano， my
45、 favourite musical21， but I was forced to give up when I started my middle school22 I could concentrate more on my studies.Its one of my biggest23to stop practicing the piano when I recall sadly today.During the following years， I kept telling my piano teacher that I would24.However， I didnt keep my
46、 promise because I was25with my study.26I lost touch with my teacher.Some years later， my teacher died.I was very sad because I lost such a good teacher.She was a very warm and gentle person.It hurts me to think she may have been27that I never returned.I havent taken lessons since then but to be hon
47、est，I28to.Sitting at the piano， I couldnt help recalling29time of my practising at home and playing before my teacher and one time my teacher30me after I played an entire piece of music wrong in front of her colleagues， I was so31that I could hardly say anything.But her32helped ease my shame.These m
48、emories，33， good or bad，never caused my34to play the piano again.This thought then led me to think that35is like music， and that we all try to play different36in the instrument of our life.Sometimes the pitch（音高）is37 when we play it well， but sometimes we are out of tone.However， we all continue to
49、create our own38style of music.No matter what style our music is， it is39that we sing the songs of joy， quietness and love.Though I may never make it back to piano lessons， it doesnt40that Ive stopped making music.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了作者学习弹钢琴的经历，告诉我们：人生就像音乐，无论我们的音乐风格是什么，唱快乐、平静和爱的歌才是重要的。21.A.instrument B.per
50、formanceC.room D.stage解析：词语辨析题。孩提时，“我”开始学习弹奏我最喜欢的乐器（instrument）钢琴。答案：A22.A.because B.so thatC.now that D.for解析：逻辑推理题。但当我上中学时，为了（so that）能更加集中精力学习我放弃了钢琴。答案：B23.A.successes B.regretsC.decisions D.hobbies解析：词语辨析题。今天，当“我”悲伤地回想时，停止练习钢琴是“我”最遗憾的一件事。regret“遗憾”。答案：B24.A.play B.graduateC.leave D.return解析：逻辑推理
51、题。在随后的几年里，“我”一再告诉“我”的钢琴老师“我”将回来（return）。答案：D25.A.occupied B.angryC.satisfied D.patient解析：固定搭配题。然而，因为忙于学习“我”食言了。be occupied with“忙于”。答案：A26.A.Actually B.ConstantlyC.Suddenly D.Gradually解析：词语辨析题。渐渐地（gradually），“我”与老师失去了联系。actually“实际上，事实上”；constantly“始终，一直”；suddenly“突然”。答案：D27.A.astonished B.gladC.dis
52、appointed D.amazed解析：背景常识题。“我”从没回去过，她自然会感到失望。disappointed“失望的，沮丧的”。答案：C28.A.liked B.neededC.wanted D.decided解析：逻辑推理题。从那以后，“我”没有上课，但是说实话，“我”想（wanted）去。答案：C29.A.dreams B.expressionsC.words D.memories解析：词语辨析题。坐在钢琴前，“我”不禁回想起许多往事（memories）。答案：D30.A.instructed B.hurtC.punished D.respected解析：词语辨析题。有一次，当“我”
53、在她同事面前错误地弹完一首曲子后，她指导（instructed）了“我”。hurt“伤害”；punish“惩罚”；respect“尊敬”。故A项正确。答案：A31.A.frightened B.movedC.embarrassed D.excited解析：词语辨析题。“我”感到如此尴尬以至于不能说任何话。frightened“害怕的”；moved“感动的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；excited“激动的”。故C项正确。答案：C32.A.happiness B.satisfactionC.comfort D.sigh解析：逻辑推理题。但是，她的安慰（comfort）帮助缓解了“我”的羞
54、愧。答案：C33.A.instead B.meanwhileC.therefore D.however解析：逻辑推理题。然而（however），这些或好或坏的记忆却从来没有激起“我”再次弹钢琴的勇气（courage）。根据句意前后形成对比可知，D项正确。答案：D34.A.hope B.courageC.feeling D.effort解析：参见上题。答案：B35.A.life B.learningC.attitude D.enjoyment解析：词语辨析题。这种想法使“我”认为人生（life）就像音乐。答案：A36.A.cards B.sportsC.roles D.games解析：逻辑推理题
55、。每个人都在扮演着不同的角色（role）。答案：C37.A.hard B.wonderfulC.surprising D.complex解析：词语辨析题。有时，当我们演奏得好时，音高是精彩的（wonderful）。hard“困难的”；surprising“令人惊奇的”；complex“复杂的”。故B项正确。答案：B38.A.unique B.boringC.common D.similar解析：逻辑推理题。然而，我们继续创造着我们自己独特的（unique）音乐风格。答案：A39.A.necessary B.strangeC.possible D.important解析：词语辨析题。不管我们的音
56、乐风格是什么，我们唱快乐、平静和爱的歌才是重要的（important）。necessary“必要的”；strange“陌生的”；possible“可能的”。故D项正确。答案：D40.A.matter B.meanC.report D.appear解析：词语辨析题。尽管我可能从来没有回去学习钢琴，但并不意味着（mean）我已经停止创作音乐了。matter“有关系，要紧”；report“报告”；appear“出现”。故B项正确。答案：B第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。A lawyer 41.came from
57、a big city went hunting in the countryside.He shot a bird， but it fell into a farmers field on 42.other side of a fence （篱笆）.As the lawyer climbed over the fence， an elderly farmer walked up and asked him 43.he was doing.When the lawyer said he wanted to get the bird 44.（hunt） by him， the old farmer
58、 replied，“Thiss my field，and youre not coming over here.”The lawyer got angry and said，“Im one of the 45.（good） lawyers in the country.If you dont let me get that bird， youll 46.（charge） and lose everything you own.”The farmer smiled，“Well， generally， when people here cannot reach a（n） 47.（agree）， w
59、e follow the ThreeKick Rule.I first kick you three times and then you kick me three times， and so on， until someone gives up.”Hearing that， the lawyer decided he could 48.（easy） win and agreed.The lawyer nearly 49.（give） up after the farmer gave him three good hard kicks.Then when he struggled 50.（g
60、et） to his feet and said，“Now， its my turn！”the old farmer smiled and said，“No， I give up.You can have the bird！”【语篇解读】本文是一个关于一位律师因打猎和一位农夫发生争执的故事。41.解析：设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词lawyer，且在从句中作主语，故填who/that。答案：who/that42.解析：on the other side of意为“在的另一边”。答案：the43.解析：设空处所在句意为：当这个律师翻过篱笆时，一个老农走上前来问他在做什么（what）。答案：
61、what44.解析：设空处作后置定语修饰“bird”，又因为“hunt”与“bird”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且“hunt”所表示的动作已完成，故填hunted。答案：hunted45.解析：“one of the形容词最高级十名词复数”意为“最的之一”。答案：best46.解析：“you”与“charge”之间是被动关系，且由前面的“youll”可知，应填be charged。答案：be charged47.解析：设空处在此作“reach”的宾语，且由前面的“a（n）”可知，应填名词agreement。答案：agreement48.解析：设空处作状语修饰动词“win”，表示“容易地”。故填e
62、asily。答案：easily49.解析：由语境可知，设空处是对过去事实的描述，应用一般过去时，故填gave。答案：gave50.解析：“struggle to do sth”意为“努力做某事”。答案：to get第三部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）画掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注
63、意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I am grateful to my English teacher Susan，at whose help I couldnt have won first prize in the English Talent Competition for high school student last week.I used to be poorly in spoken English.I was too shy to speak in class.Since she teaches us last term，s
64、he has been encouraging him to overcome fear and speak out in class.Thanks to her，I have made great progresses.Besides，I practiced several times in the front of her.It was her advice which made me a better speaker and full of confidence.And I owe my success to her.Susan set me a good example.I am de
65、termined to become an English teacher when I grow up.答案：I am grateful to my English teacher Susan， whose help I couldnt have won first prize in the English Talent Competition for high school last week.I used to be in spoken English.I was too shy to speak in class.Since she us last term，she has been
66、encouraging to overcome fear and speak out in class.Thanks to her，I have made great .Besides，I practiced several times in front of her.It was her advice made me a better speaker and full of confidence. I owe my success to her.Susan set me a good example.I am determined to become an English teacher w
67、hen I grow up.第二节书面表达（满分25分）假定你是李华，你想邀请你的交流生朋友Lucy暑假期间共同参加“发现海上丝绸之路（Discover the Maritime Silk Route）”的旅行。请根据提示给她写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.旅行的方式和时间；2.旅行期间的活动安排。注意：1.词数100左右。2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_答案：Dear Lucy，How time flies！I havent seen you for ages！I really miss you.Im writing to tell you about an activity to be
68、 held in the coming summer holiday.I know that you have great interest in ancient China.When I got the information that there will be a voyage called Discover the Maritime Silk Route，I immediately wanted to invite you to join it with me.The voyage will last for two weeks from June 17，and we will get
69、 on a big ship from Quanzhou，which is the beginning of the route.Finally，we will finish the voyage in Japan.During the voyage，we can communicate with each other.Besides，the organizer will show us some excellent performance about the history of that time.Looking forward to your early reply！Yours，Li Hua
