1、七选五满分秘籍之巧用衔接手段一、概述七选五是高考英语试卷阅读理解的第二节，一篇300字左右的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。考试说明对该题型的命题目的表述是“主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握”。该题型主要测试考生的两大能力：一是把握整篇文章布局和结构能力，二是把握微观信息之间关联性的能力。本套资料通过两大技巧帮助考生把握这两种能力，轻松拿满分。二、巧用衔接手段我们都知道：一篇好的文章都具有结构清晰、语意连贯、过渡自然等特点。高考英语“七选五”阅读材料无疑也具有以上特点，我们做题时需要从大框架和小细节分
2、别进行分析，专题1中我们从大框架上讲解了如何根据文章结构解题，本文主要分析如何根据句子之间的逻辑连词、代词等小细节快速准确地选出正确答案。（一） 代词在谈话或者写作过程中，会用一些代词，来把前面内容所出现过的人或事物的名称进行替换，从而使得表达的信息更加简洁。在做七选五阅读理解时，巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以帮助我们快速做出正确的选择。代词指代要注意两情况，一是选项中的代词，二是设空后面句子中的代词。做题流程：第一步：观看设空的前后句子，找出相应的代词。第二步：查看选项，找出选项中相应的代名词。第三步：对比语意的合理性，选出最佳答案。典题Kids health: Four steps for f
3、ighting stressEverybody gets stressed time to time. 1 C Some ways of dealing with stress 一like screaming or hitting someone一dont solve (解决) much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.Try taking these four steps the next ti
4、me you are stressed:(1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. 2 They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.AAsk for a helping hand to get you thr
5、ough the tough situation.BNotice your friends feelings and find a way to help them.CDifferent people feel stress in different waysDAh, it feels so good when the stress is gone.E. You need to figure out what the problem is.F. And dont forget about your friends.G. Then, find a way to calm down。分析 观看设空
6、小题2前后的句子，发现后一句话出现了they，那么，可以推断此处的they指代了空格处这句话的某一个复数名词；对比选项发现，选项BCF中出现了复数名词：“your friends，friends feelings和in different ways”。依据空格前句，判断they指代的对象有可能是“成人、父母、或其他亲戚谈话”，后一句话，即“他们或许有类似的问题”，由此发现they指代“一群人”的可能性较大；将F选项当中出现“your friends”与they替换后，即为your friends might have had similar problems，意为“你的朋友们或许有类似的问题，
7、”代入后的句意比B中的 friends feelings和C中的in different ways更加合理通顺，因此，判断出F为最佳选项。（二） 词汇复现词汇复现是指词语的重复出现，但这里不是指词语的简单重现，而是指某词语可能以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，比如：read、reading、reads、readers等。还可能是以同义词、近义词、上下义词（adult是teacher，parent的上义词，而teacher，parent是adult的下义词）甚至反义词等形式出现。典题（2019年全国卷III） 37 Questions about subject content a
8、re generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教学大纲）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isnt hiding in plain sight.D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.E. Below are some common dos and donts for online learners
9、.F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.分析 对比本空以及选项，可以看出空格后Questions与G中的questions相对应。根据空格后的意思推断，此段内容是提出好的有水平的问题，故选G。（三） 逻辑衔接上面已经说过好的文章结构清晰、语意连贯、过渡自然，各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系，有并列、递进、转折、因果等关系，做七选五如果能厘清这些关系，会起到事半功倍的
10、效果。常见的逻辑关系连词如下：1. 表转折：but, however , yet ,while /though ,or /otherwise ,on the contrary ,instead, nevertheless（然而）, still ,yet, on the contrary ,in contrast / comparison 等2. 表并列：First(ly),Second(ly),.；First, then/next,.；In the first place， in the second place.;for one thing,for another thing ,.；then
11、 /next ,finally/last 等。3. 表递进：too ,also, besides, further ,furthermore ,moreover ,whats more , in addition ,as well , to make matters worse ,not .but. ,not only .but also等4. 表因果：so /therefore ,thus ,consequently(结果） ,as a result (of), so/ such .that .,so that .等5. 表解释例证：for example ,for instance ,in
12、 fact/as a matter of fact ,actually ,in other words /that is to say 等6. 表归纳概括：in short , in brief , in summary ,generally speaking ,in general , to conclude ,in conclusion, in a word ,on the whole , to sum up 等。典题（2020全国卷III）A housewarming party is a special party to be held when someone buys or mov
13、es into a new apartment or house. The person who bought the house or moved is the one who throws the party. The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home. _36_ And it is good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.E. It also gives people
14、 a chance to see what the new home looks like.F. The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together.G. This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter.分析 上句 The party is a chance for friends and family to congratulate the person on the new home.(这个聚会是朋友和家人祝贺新家的
15、机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的聚会是亲戚朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully presents.(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物的好时机。and表并列，说明设空36也要介绍party的目的，E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的机会，含义合适，并且有连词also呼应下句的and，形成上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的，故选E。课后练习Whats the purpose of building patience abil
16、ities? In a word, happiness. Better relationships, more success. But indeed it takes efforts to build them successfully. 1 Thus, when the big ones come, we will have developed the patience we need for hard times.Understand the addictive nature of anger and impatience. We, human beings, are still con
17、structed with our old reptilian (爬虫类的) brain that protects our physical and emotional survival. On the emotional survival side, we want our way to get ahead, to achieve, to “look good”. Lets just face it. 2 So the first step in growing patience is to get in touch with the addictive quality of the op
18、posite of patienceanger, impatience, blame and shame. We all have them. And we can grow beyond them.Upgrade our attitude towards discomfort and pain. Pain has its purposes and pushes us to find solutionswe try to change the other person, situation or thing that we think is causing our discomfort. Bu
19、t the problem is that it is not the outside thing thats the source of our pain, but how our mind is set. 3Pay attention when the impatience or pain starts. Most of us dont really realize it when we are feeling even the smallestbut very presentpainful feelings. 4 But to really care for ourselves, get
20、 curious about whats actually happening at the moment inside you. Focusing on whats actually happening, and you can notice the worry of not wanting whats happening.5When you find yourself impatient, or angry with yourself, you can remind yourself that you are growing, and that, “Sure, this is unders
21、tandable; this is what happens to me when Im bothered.” You can say to yourself, “Its true. I dont like this; this is uncomfortable, but I can tolerate it.”A.Practice positive self-talk.B.So the solution to pain is an inside job.C.Patience abilities benefit you in many ways.D.Learn to forgive yourse
22、lf for being impatient in hard times.E.We ignore the fact that were in pain and focus completely on fixing the problem.F.The urge to protect ourselves and what we consider valuable is absolutely habitforming.G.Effective ways are recommended to train ourselves to work with little pains and annoyances
23、.答案语篇解读本文为说明文，主要介绍了培养耐心的几个有效的方法。1.G根据空前一句以及空后一句“Thus, when the big ones come, we will. hard times.”可知，成功地培养耐心需要花费精力，因而推荐一些有效的方法用来训练我们应对痛苦及烦恼的能力，因此当更大的麻烦来临时，我们将已经有耐心应对困难时期。故G项符合语境。2.F根据空后的“So the first step.blame and shame.”可推知，保护我们自己和我们认为有价值的东西的冲动是完全成习惯的，因此要做的就是了解负面情绪根深蒂固的本性。故选F。3.B根据空前一句“But the pr
24、oblem is that it is not the outside thing thats the source of our pain, but how our mind is set.”可知，问题不是出现在引起痛苦的外在因素上面，而是出现在我们的思考方式上，因此解决痛苦是一种内在的活动。故选B。4.E根据空前一句“Most of us dont really realize it.painful feelings.”及空后的“get curious about whats actually happening at the moment inside you”可知，我们经常忽略了这样一
25、个事实，即我们处于痛苦之中，而我们关注的焦点总是完全集中在解决问题上。5.A根据文章结构和设空处所在位置可知，设空处为段落主题句。通读本段可知，本段主要是说要练习积极的自我暗示，故A项符合语境。How to be a good listener to your familyCommunication is important to strong family relationships. 1Working on your listening skills can help you communicate better and form stronger bonds.Listen activel
26、y. When listening to a family member, do not let your mind wander to other things. Its important to make your family members feel heard and valued. Put your phone away and give them your full attention. Never think about other things when someone is talking. 2Repeat what has been said. Briefly summa
27、rizing what the speaker has said can go a long way toward effective communication. Everyone wants to feel valued and heard, so repeating a family members point can show you are listening. 3 It can really allow you and your family to communicate better as well.4 Interrupting can put breaks on effecti
28、ve conversation. Always allow a few seconds of silence after someone finishes talking before offering your response. This allows you to make sure the speaker has finished talking. Do not talk over someone either. No matter how curious you feel about a subject, do not start talking until the other pe
29、rson has finished.Avoid hurrying the speaker. 5 Do not break in before the speaker is finished just to hurry the speaker along. Never say things like, “Can you get to the point?” This will make it seem like youre not interested in the conversation.A.Do not interrupt.B.Never rush the person into talk
30、ing.C.Instead, focus on whats being said.D.People tend to pause when they speak.E.It can help you make sure you understand the speaker.F.When someone finishes talking, ask questions if necessary.G.However, if you dont truly listen to others, it can be difficult to communicate.答案语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。学习倾听技巧可以
31、帮助你与家人更好地交流,并建立更强的家庭纽带。本文教你如何成为家里的好听众。1.G根据设空处前的“沟通对于牢固的家庭关系很重要。”和设空处后的“提高你的倾听技巧可以帮助你更好地交流,建立更牢固的关系。”可知,本段主要介绍交流和聆听的关系,G项点明了两者之间的内在联系,故选G项。2.C设空处前有“当有人说话的时候,不要去想其他的事情。”的禁令性提示,因此设空处需要点明正确的做法。C项中的 Instead意为“相反”,表示转折，与前文想其他事相对,点明应该集中注意力。故选C项。3.E根据设空处前的“每个人都想要感到被重视和被倾听,所以重复家庭成员的观点可以表明你在倾听。”可知,为了承接上文,此处应
32、点明重复家庭成员的观点的好处。E项中的It指的是上文中的repeating a family members point。故选E项。4.A此空位于段首,为主题句,根据其他段主题句可知,此处应该同样使用短小精悍的祈使句,再根据设空处后的“Interrupting can put breaks on effective conversation.”(打断别人会打断有效的谈话。)可推知,A项中的interrupt与设空处后的Interrupting相呼应。故选A项。5.B根据设空处后的“Do not break in before the speaker is finished just to hu
33、rry the speaker along.”(不要为了让说话人讲快点而在他说完之前打断他。)可知,B项中的 rush the person into talking与 hurry the speaker along相呼应。故选B项。Much of the work in todays world is accomplished（完成） in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 1Companies
34、 spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?2They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; abov
35、e that level, the teams performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isnt evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance.To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its membe
36、rs to coordinate(协调) their actions. 3In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team perform
37、ance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the teams performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “
38、There is no I in TEAM.” 4Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug of war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.5An A -team may require a balancenot just A players, but a f
39、ew generous B players as well.A.Its not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B.Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.C.The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attention.D.Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
40、E.Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.F.Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.G.This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.答案语篇解读本文为议论文，主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容为体育精神。本文主要讨论了一个团队是否需要很多有天赋的个人加入。文章有助于培养学
41、生的思维品质。1.B细节句。设空处后的“Companies spend millions hiring top business people.”与本空为并列关系，故答案为B项（体育团队的老板们花数百万美元吸引顶尖人才）。2.E主旨句。根据下文尤其是“They focused on football, basketball and baseball.”以及“The results”可知，答案为E项。句意：最近的几项研究调查了人才在体育世界中的作用。3.G过渡句。本段主要说明了任务互依性在不同的运动项目中的作用以及对团队表现产生的影响，与G项中的task interdependence相对应，故
42、答案为G项。4.D细节句。根据设空处前的If a basketball star is, for example,.Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.”可知答案为D项（明星们显然不愿遵循体育精神的这个基本的原则)。5.F主旨句。根据设空处后的“An Ateam may require a balancenot just A players.”可知答案为F项（建立一个理想的团队比仅仅雇用最好的人才更复杂）。Traditional Chinese medicine (
43、TCM) isnt supported by most Westerners.1.TCM will be included in the new version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), which will be published by the World Health Organization in 2019, Nature magazine reported. 2 Ryan Abbott at the Center for EastWest Medicine at the University of C
44、alifornia, Los Angeles, the US, said this could benefit TCM.3 For example, during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, the US swimmer Michael Phelps was seen with circular bruises(瘀青) on his body. Such bruises are caused by cupping, a traditional Chinese medicinal practice that has been around for more than
45、2,000 years.In 2015, Chinese scientist Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine for her discovery of artemisinin(青蒿素), a drug that can cure malaria(疟疾). She said she was inspired by traditional Chinese medicine.4 Twenty-six TCM centers were set up overseas over three years, according to a 2
46、017 report published by Xinhua News Agency.TCM still faces many challenges, such as a lack of clinical evidence as to precisely how it works. 5 Some say that TCM methodology should be combined with modern scientific methods to make it more acceptable to people outside of China.A.However, this is sta
47、rting to change.B.TCM has cured millions of people in the world.C.China has made some efforts to promote TCM overseas.D.TCMs effectiveness has been difficult to study or provide evidence for.E.Having been tried and tested over thousands of years, the effectiveness of TCM is clear.F.TCM has seen some
48、 growth in other countries, with a number of famous people being known to use it.G.This is the first time for TCM to be included in the ICD, which serves as the international standard for diseases and health conditions.答案语篇解读本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了中医首次被纳入国际疾病分类中。1.A根据上文Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) isnt
49、 supported by most Westerners.可知中医不被认可，再根据下文TCM will be included in the new version of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), which will be published by the World Health Organization in 2019, Nature magazine reported.可知中医开始被国际认可。所以中间是转折关系，故选A（这一情况开始有了改变）。2.G根据上文中药已经被纳入国际疾病分类中，可知此处介绍这一变化
50、，所以选G，说明这次变化是第一次被认可。3.F根据后文的例子For example, during the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, the US swimmer Michael Phelps was seen with circular bruises on his body.对应F项中的famous people，故选F。4.C根据下文Twentysix TCM centers were set up overseas over three years, according to a 2017 report published by Xinhua News Agency.可知26个中医中心在海外建立，说明中国在为传播中医做出努力，故选C。5.D根据前一句TCM still faces many challenges, such as a lack of clinical evidence as to precisely how it works.可知中医依然面临很多挑战，所以本段主要介绍困难，故选D。
