1、一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1multicultural adj.多种文化的2polar adj. 极地的；近极地的3quiz n. 测验；问答比赛4minister n. 大臣；部长5eagle n. 鹰6acre n. 英亩7urban adj. 城市的；市镇的8bush n. 灌木(丛)；矮树(丛)9maple n. 枫；枫树10frost n. 霜；霜冻11misty adj. 有薄雾的；模糊的12booth n. 公用电话间；货摊；售货亭13buffet n. 自助餐；饮食柜台14approximately adv. 接近；大约.核心词汇写其形1chat v
2、i.& n. 聊天；闲聊2scenery n. 景色；风景3measure vi.& vt. 测量；衡量；判定n. 计量制；计量单位；措施4aboard prep.& adv. 在(船、飞机、火车或公共汽车)上；上(船、飞机、火车等)5within prep. 在之内6harbour n(harbor) 海港7nearby adv. 在附近adj. 附近的；邻近的8downtown adj. 市区的 adv. 在市区；往市区9pleased adj. 欣喜的；高兴的10topic n. 话题11dawn n. 黎明；拂晓；破晓12broad adj. 宽阔的；广泛的13continent n.
3、 洲；大陆14baggage n. 行李.拓展词汇通其变1surround vt.包围；围绕surroundings n(复数)周围的事物；环境surrounding adj.周围的2slight adj.轻微的；微小的slightly adv.稍稍；轻微地3tradition n传统；风俗traditional adj.传统的traditionally adv.传统地4impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的impression n印象5terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的terrifying ad
4、j.令人恐惧的terror n恐惧terrible adj.恐怖的；恐惧的6wealthy adj.富有的wealth n财富7mix vt.& vi.混合；调配mixture n混合(物)；混合状态8distant adj.远的；远方的distance n距离；远方1.y后缀常见形容词聚焦wealthwealthy富有的thirstthirsty 渴的；渴望的tastetasty 美味的sleepsleepy 困的guiltguilty 内疚的；有罪的healthhealthy 健康的2.“说”法荟萃chat vi.& n聊天；闲聊whisper vi.& vt. 小声说；耳语inform
5、vt. 通知；告知announce vt. 宣告；宣布declare vt. 宣布；声明state vt. 声明；陈述3.“可怕的”高频形容词terrifying 极其可怕的；吓人的frightening 吓人的；可怕的alarming 令人惊恐的awful 可怕的；惊人的horrible 恐怖的terrible 可怕的(二)重点短语记牢用活1rather_than与其；不愿2manage_to_do 设法做3have_a_gift_for 有天赋4all_the_way 一直5as_far_as 远到；直到6go_through 穿过；检查7settle_down 定居；平静下来；专心于8c
6、atch_sight_of 看见；瞥见9in_the_distance 在远处10dream_of 梦想11at_dawn 在黎明时12go_downtown 去商业区13be_famous_for 因而著名1.“v.down”短语集锦burn down烧毁pass down 传下来bring down 使降低break down 分解；累垮cut down 削减；砍倒settle down 定居；平静下来；专心于2.“be过去分词with”结构一览be surrounded with被包围be impressed with 对印象深刻be equipped with 配备有be crowde
7、d with 挤满be covered with 被覆盖be satisfied with 对满意(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：rather than“与其；不愿；而不是”，连接两个并列成分Rather_than_take_the_aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver.她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到温哥华句型2：独立主格结构It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring_over_90_metres那儿湿度很大，所
8、以树都长得特别高，一些树测量起来高达90多米。句型3：as far as.远至；就而言；尽所能Its too bad you cant_go_as_far_as Ottawa, Canadas capital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。句型4：由and连接的两个并列宾语从句，第二个连接词that不可省略The girls told him they were on a train trip across Canada and that_they_had_only_one_day in Montreal.姑娘们告诉他，她们是坐火车来旅游的，要横穿加拿大，在蒙特利尔只待一天。二、语
9、境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1(2019北京卷)Regardless of the weather or the distance(距离), Paul Wilson will make sure lowincome students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.2We listened to the news with a mixture(混合) of surprise and happiness.3. (2017全国卷书面表达)We are to meet on Sunday mo
10、rning in the Peoples Park，where the air is fresh and the scenery(景色；风景) is beautiful.4The flight with 145 passengers aboard(在飞机上) from Tokyo landed on the airport in Beijing yesterday.5Qingdao is a beautiful coastal city and also one of the most important harbo(u)rs(海港) in China.6I am pleased(please
11、) to have this chance today to talk to you about the Chinese culture.7At present the local government is taking measures(measure) to reduce the pollution.8He likes chatting(chat) about the things with his friends on the Internet.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1. (2018江苏卷任务型阅读)In 2005, when the Bishop Arts Theatre
12、 was donated to our town, the location was considered a poor area of town.位置2(2018北京卷阅读D)They tolerate long, slow journeys to and from work on packed highways because they can work, entertain themselves or sleep on the ride, which encourages urban spread.城市的；市镇的3(全国卷语法填空)My ambassadorial duties will
13、 include introducing British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.有薄雾的；模糊的4(2018江苏卷阅读B)As for crowds, a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurants reputation, suggesting great food at fair prices.And doubling a buf
14、fets price led customers to say that its pizza was 11 percent tastier.自助餐.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1The little boy mixed vinegar with sugar, and the mixture tasted not so bad. (mix)2When they saw the terrifying scene, everyone on the spot felt terrified and couldnt say a word.(terrify)3Surrounded by the fore
15、st，the village has beautiful surroundings，which attract many visitors from surrounding areas.(surround)4So charming are the sights of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad.To tell you the truth, I am deeply impressed by its beautiful scenery. (impress)5Though
16、there is a long distance between Tom and his family, they dont feel distant(distance)6Robert left his hometown as a poor boy and returned as an extremely wealthy man. However, he knows that wealth doesnt mean everything. (wealth).选词成篇rather than; catch sight of; (be)surrounded by; mix.with.; dream o
17、f; all the way; settle down; manage to doWe all know that we should learn to 1.mix work with proper rest, but it is easier said than done. We have always been 2.dreaming_of visiting Austria, which is not only a travelling paradise for tourists but also a perfect place to 3.settle_down. However, it w
18、as not until last month that we 4.managed_to make it.My parents and I decided to take a plane 5.rather_than a ship to visit Austria.While going travelling, we 6.caught_sight_of houses 7.surrounded_by green trees 8.all_the_way. I think we should also take effective measures to make our country more b
19、eautiful.完成句子1正是那些甘愿奉献而不索取的人才应得到尊敬。It is those who are willing to give rather_than_receive that deserve to be respected.2树叶到处飘落，我突然意识到秋天来临了。Leaves_falling_here_and_there,_I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.3古时候，人们很少出远门，大多数农民去的最远的地方是当地集市。In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances
20、and most farmers only travelled_as_far_as_the_local_market4琳达说她要去见汤姆，并且不会告诉任何人有关这次约会的事情。Linda said (that) she would meet Tom and_that she wouldnt tell anyone about the appointment. surroundvt.包围；围绕基础练习单句语法填空(2019江苏卷)Steve arrived and sat in the front row，surrounded(surround) by his family.The surrou
21、nding(surround) villages have been absorbed by the growing city.Only in this way can we live in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings(surround)能力提升完成句子总之，欢迎你来我们学校并希望你能很快适应新环境。In a word, you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt_to_the_new_surroundings soon.(1)surround.with.使包围be s
22、urrounded by/with. 被包围(2)surrounding adj. 周围的(3)surroundings n. 环境 佳句背诵 People say it is Canadas most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean.人们说它是加拿大最美丽的城市，被大山和太平洋环抱。名师点津 surroundings常用复数形式，表示周围的具体的物质环境。 measurevi.& vt.测量；衡量；判定n计量制；计量单位；措施 基础练习单句语法填空Its generally acknowledged
23、that education shouldnt be_measured(measure) only by examination results.Some villagers reported a huge snake, measuring(measure) over two metres long, was found dead in a nearby cave. 能力提升一句多译是时候我们应该采取措施阻止空气被污染了。Its high time that we should_take_measures to keep the air from being polluted.Its high
24、 time that we took_action to prevent the air from being polluted.Its time for us to take_steps to stop the air from being polluted.(1)measure.by. 用来衡量(2)take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事make sth.to ones own measure 为某人量身定做某物 佳句背诵 In the old days, my mother always made new clothes to my own measure wi
25、th the Spring Festival approaching.过去，妈妈在春节来临时总是为我量身定做新衣服。名师点津 “采取措施做某事”种种表达：take measures to do sth.take steps to do sth.take action to do sth. distancen距离；远方；遥远；疏远v拉开距离；与疏远基础练习单句语法填空We spotted them waving to us at a distance of two hundred yards.We often walk to the beach，which is within walking d
26、istance of my house.It was difficult to get along well with her because she always kept everyone at a distance.(2018浙江卷6月读后续写)Much to our delight，the sound of water in the distance caught our attention and drove us to the river bank.(1)in the distance在远处at a distance (of) 在远的地方；距离稍远within walking di
27、stance 在步行距离内(2)keep sb. at a distance 与某人保持一定距离(3)distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的 佳句背诵 Take your timeits just a short distance from here to the restaurant.别急从这儿到餐馆仅有一小段距离。 impressvt.使铭记；铭刻；使印象深刻基础练习单句语法填空(天津卷书面表达)What impresses(impress) us most are your art skills, in which you showed outstanding talent.T
28、his is the most impressive(impress) building I have ever seen on my trip to Egypt.能力提升一句多译(2019全国卷书面表达)我坚信今年的音乐节会给你留下深刻的印象。I hold the firm belief that this years music festival will impress_you_deeply. (impress vt.)I am firmly convinced that you will be_deeply_impressed_by/at/with this years music f
29、estival.(impressed adj.)I do believe that this years music festival will surely leave_a_deep_impression_on_you(impression n)(1)使某人牢记某事be impressed by/at/with sb./sth.对某人/某事(物)印象深刻(2)impression n. 印象；感想leave/make a(n).impression on/upon sb.给某人留下的印象(3) impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；感人的 佳句背诵 You will surely b
30、e impressed with those beautiful papercutting art works.那些漂亮的剪纸艺术品一定会给你留下深刻的印象。(2017全国卷书面表达) manage to do设法做成；成功地做基础练习单句语法填空/对比填空Such a naughty boy is really hard to_manage(manage)Thats not a hard job. Im sure I can manage it myself.No matter what happened, I tried to finish my task on schedule. Luc
31、kily, with my teachers timely help, I managed to finish it ahead of time.(try与manage)能力提升微写作首先，设法阅读一些在中国文学中起重要作用的有关唐诗的资料。(2017全国卷书面表达)At first, please manage_to_read_some_materials about Tang Poetry, which plays a significant role in Chinese literature. (1)manage to do sth.成功做了某事(2)manage sb. 设法对付某人
32、manage sth. 经营/管理某事manage it 能做到 佳句背诵 We will manage to accomplish the task in time even though it is difficult.尽管任务艰巨，我们也要及时完成。名师点津 (1)manage to do sth.相当于succeed in doing sth.，表示“成功地做了某事”，重在结果；(2)try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，重在动作，不一定成功。 catch sight of看见；瞥见基础练习用sight的相关短语填空At_the_sight_of his mother, th
33、e boy burst into tears.Suddenly they got separated, and then lost_sight_of each other.As the old saying goes, “Out_of_sight,_out of mind.”能力提升词汇升级(普通表达)Standing at the top of the hill, you can see the whole city.(高级表达)Standing at the top of the hill, you can catch_sight_of the whole e into sight进入视线
34、，映入眼帘lose sight of 看不见at first sight 乍一看；初看时at the sight of 一看见out of sight 看不见 佳句背诵 Dont let me catch sight of you doing such kind of foolish things again!不要让我再看到你做这种愚蠢的事情！ settle down定居；平静下来；专心于基础练习单句语法填空Wait until the students settle down before you start the lesson.Before we settle down to discu
35、ssing(discuss) other things，Ive a question to ask you.We love peace and hope that the problem can be_settled(settle) in a peaceful way.能力提升完成句子父母希望我安定下来，和新同学相处融洽。My parents wish me to_settle_down_and_get_on_well_with my new classmates.settle down to (doing) sth.开始专注于某事物；着手认真做某事settle in/into 安顿下来；适应
36、新的工作环境等settle a problem/an argument 解决问题/争议 佳句背诵 With a lot of difficult problems to settle，the newlyelected president is having a hard time.有许多难题要解决，新当选的总统要度过一段艰难的时期。 rather than “与其；不愿；而不是”，连接两个并列成分(教材P34)Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver.她们不想一路乘飞机，而决定先飞到
37、温哥华基础练习用than的相关短语填空They said the director，rather_than the clerks，was responsible for the incident.As a matter of fact, I dont know any French people other_than you.(2019全国卷书面表达)Im more_than delighted to inform you that this years music festival will be held shortly. 能力提升一句多译如果我不得不放弃其中一个， 我会关掉电视而不是关掉
38、我的手机。If I had to give up one of them, I would_turn_off_the_TV_rather_than switch off my cellphone.If I had to give up one of them, I would_rather_turn_off_the_TV_than switch off my cellphone.If I had to give up one of them, I prefer_to_turn_off_the_TV_rather_than switch off my cellphone.(1)(2)other
39、than不同于；除了外or rather 更确切地说more than 多于；不仅仅；非常 佳句背诵 Rather than use knives and forks as Westerners do, Chinese like to eat with chopsticks.中国人喜欢用筷子吃饭，而不是像西方人那样用刀和叉。 (2018全国卷书面表达)名师点津 rather than连接主语及其附属成分时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。 as far as.远至；就而言；尽所能(教材P38)Its too bad you cant go as far as
40、Ottawa, Canadas capital.很可惜你们不能一直走到加拿大的首都渥太华。 基础练习完成句子他的父母全力支持他。His parents supported him as_far_as_they_could就我所知，在那个小镇购物很方便。As_far_as_I_know,_it is convenient to do shopping in that small town.就我而言，户外运动不仅让我们接近大自然，而且让我们从繁重的课业中得到放松。As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_not_only_does_outdoor_exercise_get_us_clos
41、e_to_nature but also gives us relaxation from heavy schoolwork.(倒装)与此相关的用法有：as far as sb./sth.is concerned就某人/某事(物)而言as far as the eye can see/reach 就视力所能及as far as I can see 依我看as far as I know 据我所知 佳句背诵 Standing here, you can see as far as the foot of the hill.站在这里，你可以一直看到山脚下。 .词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正
42、确形式填空)1(2019浙江卷6月应用文写作)Besides，what you told me about your country broadened(broad) my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.2(2019全国卷语法填空)They also shared with us many traditional(tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.3Nowadays, the Chinese people are
43、much wealthier(wealthy) than they were in the past.4Though the twins look much alike, they are still slightly(slight) different from each other in their appearance.5(2018浙江卷6月)I was_impressed(impress) to see my dad and Uncle Paul riding horses.They looked really cool.6Surrounded(surround) by the sea
44、 on three sides，modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.7He looked very pleased(please) with himself，so I knew he had passed his driving test.8With mixed(mix) feelings on mind, she doesnt know what to do next.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1In my opinion, it is you rat
45、her than he that are(be) to blame for the terrible accident.2Apart from my academic studies, I always manage to_find(find) time for what Im interested in.3Lily is a tenyearold girl, who has a gift for musicyou know she has won two big prizes in the international music competitions.4It was not until
46、last year that they informed the public of the serious problem.5Now that there is little time left, we should settle down to dealing(deal) with something really urgent.6The beach is within easy reach of the hotel, so you can go there on foot after supper.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)1We couldnt decide whether to
47、 go to eastward or westward.删除go后面的to2The harbor was full of soldiers with baggages.baggagesbaggage3Its a old tradition for Chinese people to get together and eat dumplings on the eve of the Spring Festival.aan4I always prefer to start early，rather than leaving everything to the last minute.leavingl
48、eave5My father has gift for playing the piano，which has a great influence on me.在gift前加a6I still think it terrified to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses.terrifiedterrifying.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1(2019北京卷阅读B)She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile. 灿烂的微笑2(2
49、017全国卷阅读C)The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The US. Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. vt.管理3(2017浙江卷6月阅读B)Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7：25 am to 8：3
50、0 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.adj.满意的4Without my glasses, everything is misty.adj.模糊的；不清楚的提能一语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)(一)Each person learns culture in a 1.slightly(slight) different way.I usually 2.broaden(broad) my horizons by watching movies.3.Traditionally
51、(tradition), the most popular movies were instructive and appealed to people of all classes.However, todays movies mainly target the young and the 4.wealthy(wealth)The director uses a 5.mixture(mix) of many elements in his movie to produce special effects that are 6.impressive(impress)(二)The Great W
52、all is one of the most impressive tourist 1.attractions(attract), attracting tens of thousands of visitors from home and abroad every year. However, it was not until I settled down in Beijing 2.that I managed 3.to_visit(visit) the Great Wall. 4.Rather than take the cable car to the top, I climbed to
53、 the top by myself. As far as Im concerned, it was really a wonderful experience.(三)I was appreciating the 1.surrounding(surround) scenery when a scene 2.impressed(impress) me and gave me a 3.mixed(mix) feeling. Some tourists were having a picture while throwing rubbish everywhere. As far as Im conc
54、erned, 4.measures(measure) should be taken to raise peoples awareness of environmental protection.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假如你是李华，你曾去加拿大留过学，你的朋友李明想去加拿大留学，要了解加拿大的情况，请你写信告诉他相关情况。地理世界第二大国，面积约为998万平方千米，是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的国家气候不同地区的气候差异大，比较冷，冬季长留学生活建议选择去温哥华留学，风景优美，学费(tuition)较低建议城市温哥华是加拿大最美、最温暖的城市，被大山和太平洋包围1.
55、补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)得知你要去加拿大留学我很高兴，我想告诉你加拿大的有关情况。I_am_pleased_to_learn_that_you_are_going_to_study_in_Canada，so Id like to share with you something about it.加拿大是世界第二大国，占地面积约为998万平方千米。Canada_is_the_worlds_second_largest_country with an area of about 9.98 million square kilometres.它是世界上湖泊和淡水最多的国家。It h
56、as the largest number of lakes and they provide Canada with more_fresh_water_than_any_other_country_in_the_world尽管不同地区的气候差异大，但是冬天很长，天气通常很冷。(同位语从句)Despite the fact that_the_climate_there_is_different_from_area_to_area,_it is generally cold with long winters.我建议你选择去温哥华留学，那里风景优美，学费较低。I suggest that you
57、 choose to study in Vancouver, where the_scenery_is_impressive and the tuition is lower.温哥华被大山和太平洋包围，是加拿大最温暖的城市。Vancouver, surrounded_by_mountains_and_the_Pacific_Ocean,_is Canadas warmest city.2升级平淡句用分词作状语升级句Pleased_to_learn_that_you_are_going_to_study_in_Canada,_Id_like_to_share_with_you_something
58、_about_it.用定语从句升级句It_has_the_largest_number_of_lakes_which_provide_Canada_with_more_fresh_water_than_any_other_country_in_the_world.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：additionally，thus)_One possible version：Dear Li Ming，Pleased to learn that you are going to study in Canada, Id like to share with you something ab
59、out it.Canada is the worlds second largest country with an area of about 9.98 million square kilometres.Additionally, it has the largest number of lakes which provide Canada with more fresh water than any other country in the world.Despite the fact that the climate there is different from area to ar
60、ea, it is generally cold with long winters.Vancouver, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean, is Canadas warmest city.Thus, I suggest that you choose to study in Vancouver, where the scenery is impressive and the tuition is lower.Yours，Li Hua (建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2020重庆调研)Ask 9yearold Annie what
61、 the worst thing was that ever happened in her house last year, and she wont tell you that it was her parents divorcing, although they did. No, what Annie remembers most are the horrible fights leading up to the announcement about the divorce which was, as it turned out, despite her parents anxiety
62、about telling her, “not that big of a deal”. “I already knew they were not getting along well，” Annie says. “Every night after I went to bed, I would hear my parents fighting. It made me really unhappy. When they finally decided to get a divorce, all that stopped.”Annies experience is more common th
63、an you might think, and there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that “staying together for the sake of the children” is not what should be encouraged, and may do more harm than good. According to psychologist Lynn Martingdale, hearing their parents arguing is often more stressful for children t
64、han separation and divorce, and if you think that your children dont know that theres trouble in family, then youre kidding yourself. The home life of children whose parents have an unhappy marriage is often far from ideal, and whats worse, parents will compound the problem by taking their unhappine
65、ss out on the children.The Center for Moving Forward conducted a study in 2014 in which they followed 25 families whose parents had been in marriage counseling. After tracking these families for 5 years, they found that the children of the parents who eventually got divorced were not worse off than
66、the children of those who remained together, and in some cases fared better. The study took the social and the childrens general sense of wellbeing into consideration.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章以9岁的孩子Annie的父母由于争吵导致最终离婚的叙述引入主题，接着通过论据论证了“在不幸的婚姻中，离婚并不是最糟糕的事”这一主题。1Why was Annie really unhappy according to paragra
67、ph 1?ABecause her parents fought every night.BBecause her parents finally got divorced.CBecause her parents decided to abandon her.DBecause her parents got along badly with her.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Every night after I went to bed, I would hear my parents fighting. It made me really unhappy.”可知，Annie的父母
68、每天晚上都吵架，这让她感到很不幸福，故A项正确。2Which statement may psychologist Lynn Martingdale agree with？ASeparation and divorce will hurt the children most.BKeeping an unhappy marriage hurts children more.CChildren cant understand their parents marriage well.DChildren cant feel the unhappiness from their parents.B解析：
69、推理判断题。根据第二段中的“According to psychologist Lynn Martingdale, hearing their parents arguing is often more stressful for children than separation and divorce”可知，心理学家Lynn Martingdale认为，听父母吵架对孩子来说往往比分居和离婚更有压力，据此可以判断，Lynn Martingdale认为维持不幸福的婚姻会更加伤害孩子，故B项正确。3Whats the function of the last paragraph in the pa
70、ssage?ATo give an example of divorce.BTo support Annies correct answer.CTo further clear the authors viewpoint.DTo highlight the importance of the study.C解析：写作目的题。根据最后一段中的“After tracking these families for 5 years, they found that the children of the parents who eventually got divorced were not wors
71、e off than the children of those who remained together, and in some cases fared better.”可知，在对这些家庭进行了5年的跟踪调查后，他们发现，最终父母离婚的孩子并不比那些父母仍在一起的孩子生活得更差，在某些情况下，他们生活得更好。据此可知，最后一段旨在通过研究进一步说明本文的论点：在不幸的婚姻中，离婚不是最糟糕的选择。故C项正确。4What is the best title for the passage?ADivorce Is Good for ChildrenBDivorce Is Not the Wo
72、rst ThingCFighting Is Often StressfulDStaying Together Is for Children OnlyB解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段第二句和Annie所说的话可知，对孩子们来说，父母的争吵比离婚更糟糕；结合第二段中的“there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that staying together for the sake of the children is not what should be encouraged, and may do more harm than good”可以判断，本
73、文的主旨是：在不幸的婚姻中，和离婚相比，父母为孩子而在一起给孩子的伤害更大。最后一段的研究也论证了这一点。故B项最适合作为本文标题。【难句分析1】No, what Annie remembers most are the horrible fights leading up to the announcement about the divorce which was, as it turned out, despite her parents anxiety about telling her, “not that big of a deal”分析：该句为主从复合句。句中“what Anni
74、e remembers most”为what引导的主语从句；“which was.”为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the divorce。译文：不，Annie记得最清楚的是导致(她的父母)宣告离婚的可怕的争吵，尽管她的父母害怕告诉她，但是正如事实证明的那样，离婚“没什么大不了的”。【难句分析2】The home life of children whose parents have an unhappy marriage is often far from ideal, and whats worse, parents will compound the problem by taki
75、ng their unhappiness out on the children.分析：该句为并列句。前一分句中“whose parents have an unhappy marriage”为whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词children, whose在从句中作定语。译文：父母婚姻不幸福的孩子的家庭生活往往很不理想，更糟的是，父母把他们的不幸福发泄在孩子身上，会使问题更加严重。B(2020桂林、崇左联合模拟)The world is a greener place than it was 20 years ago. A study published in the journal Na
76、ture Sustainability said that recent satellite data reveals a greening pattern that is prominent(显著的) in China and India. The study shows that human activity in China and India dominates this greening of the planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture. The effect comes mostly from ambitious tree
77、planting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.“China and India account for onethird of the greening，” said lead author Chi Chen of Boston University. “That is a surprising finding, considering the vague idea of land degradation(毁坏) in populous countries from overexploitation
78、，” added Chen.China alone accounts for 25 percent of the global net increase in leaf area with only 6.6 percent of global vegetated area. The greening in China is from forests(42 percent) and croplands(32 percent), but in India, it is mostly from croplands(82 percent) with the minor contribution fro
79、m forests(4.4 percent)Chinas outsized contribution to the global greening trend comes in large part from its programs to conserve and expand forests with the goal of preventing land degradation, air pollution, and climate change.“Once people realize there is a problem, they tend to fix it，” said Ram
80、a Nemani, research scientist and coauthor of the study. “In the 1970s and 1980s in India and China, the situation around vegetation loss was not good. In the 1900s, people realized it, and today things have improved. Now we see that humans are contributing.”Land area used to grow crops is comparable
81、 in China and Indiamore than 770，000 square milesand has not changed much since the early 2000s. Yet these regions have greatly increased both their annual total green leaf area and their food production.This was achieved through multiple cropping practices, where a field is replanted to produce ano
82、ther harvest several times a year. Production of grains, vegetables, fruits and more has increased by about 35%40% since 2000 to feed their large populations.【解题导语】研究发现，由于中国的植树造林计划和中印两国的集约农业，地球与二十年前相比更加翠绿了。5What did the study mainly find?AIndia and China are leading the global greening effort.BInten
83、sive agriculture is the cause of global land degradation.CChina and India have got the largest forest coverage in the world.DAgriculture is more helpful in expanding green areas than treeplanting.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The study shows that human activity in China and India dominates this greening of the
84、 planet, thanks to tree planting and agriculture.”可知，由于植树造林和集约农业，中国和印度正主导着地球绿化的进程，故A项正确。6How is China different from India in contributing to the global greening?AIndia reduced croplands to prevent the overexploitation.BIndia increased forests by planting around croplands.CChina changed more lands i
85、nto forests by planting trees.DChina controlled the increase of its population.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段尾句“The effect comes mostly from ambitious treeplanting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.”并结合第三段中的数据可知，地球绿化主要来自中国的植树计划和中印两国的集约农业。据此可知，中国与印度在绿化地球方面的不同之处是中国的植树造林计划，故C项正确。7What does
86、 Nemani think about humans in China and India in protecting the Earth?AAmbitious.BResponsible.CPassionate. DTolerant.B解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中Rama Nemani说的话可知，Rama Nemani认为，二十世纪七八十年代，印度和中国的植被流失情况严重；二十世纪九十年代，人们意识到了这一点并努力改善；现在他们正在做贡献。据此可推知，Rama Nemani认为在保护地球方面，中国和印度的人们是负责任的，故B项正确。该题容易错选A项，错选的原因是第一段尾句“The effec
87、t comes mostly from ambitious treeplanting programs in China and intensive agriculture in both countries.”的影响，忽略了题干关键词“Nemani think about”。A项意为“有雄心的”，C项意为“热爱的”，D项意为“宽容的”，都与文意不符。8What does the passage finally suggest humans should make good use of?AForest. BTrees.CCroplands. DFood.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句
88、“This was achieved through multiple cropping practices, where a field is replanted to produce another harvest several times a year.”可知，产量提高是通过复种来实现的，在复种过程中，一块土地每年会被重新种植几次，这样在增加绿化面积的情况下也提高了产量。据此可推知，文章建议充分利用农田，故C项正确。【难句分析】A study published in the journal Nature Sustainability said that recent satellit
89、e data reveals a greening pattern that is prominent(显著的) in China and India.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中published in the journal Nature Sustainability为过去分词短语作名词A study的后置定语；that recent satellite data reveals a greening pattern that is prominent(显著的) in China and India为that引导的宾语从句，作及物动词said的宾语，其中“that is prominent
90、 in China and India”为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词a greening pattern，关系词在从句中作主语。译文：发表在自然可持续发展杂志上的一项研究称，最近的卫星数据显示，中国和印度的绿化模式非常显著。.七选五(2020辽宁五校联考)How to Become an ActivistActivists are people who see the need of change and devote their time to doing something about it. 1._ If you are interested in it, you can do
91、so.2_ This could be anything from a student club to a national organization. Most activist organizations offer different levels of involvement, so you can do whatever you feel most comfortable with, whether that means attending meetings and demonstrations or just donating a little money when you can
92、.Volunteer your time. One of the best ways to make a difference is to volunteer your time. Reach out to organizations in your community that do work for your cause, and ask how you can help.Donate money or supplies. 3._ If you cant afford to donate money to an organization that supports your cause,
93、you may be able to donate other things they need, like clothing or canned food.Draw the family and friends in. Tell your family and friends about your cause, and invite them to get involved. If they are interested, share literature about your cause or just talk to them about what you have learned. 4
94、._Promote your cause on social media. You can use social media to help keep your friends and followers informed about the cause you support. 5._ Also, you can invite your friends to attend events or donate money to fundraisers(募集资金者) for your cause.ATake classes on issues related to your cause.BJoin
95、 an organization that supports your cause.CThey are driven by passion and a vision for a better future.DIf you do volunteer work, invite them to volunteer with you.EMost activists or charitable organizations need resources to do their work.FPost useful articles and write about what you are doing to
96、stay involved.GIf you cant get in touch with them in person, then try connecting people online.【解题导语】积极分子是指那些看到变革的需要并投入时间去做些什么的人。本篇文章就如何成为积极分子而去从事公益事业提供了一些建议。1C解析：前一句提到“see the need of change and devote their time to doing something about it”(看到变革的需要并投入时间去做些什么)，由此可推知，空处应是进一步阐述积极分子这样做的原因，故C项“他们被激情和对更
97、美好的未来的憧憬所驱使”与此处匹配。2B解析：根据文章结构和空处所处位置可知，该空为本段的主题句。根据本段中的“from a student club to a national organization”和“Most activist organizations”可知，本段的主题是关于加入某个组织的。故选B。3E解析：前句提到“Donate money or supplies.”(捐赠金钱或物资)，由此可推知，空处应是说明这样做的原因，故E项“大多数积极分子或慈善组织需要资源来开展工作”符合语境。4D解析：本段的主题句为“Draw the family and friends in.”(让家
98、人和朋友参与进来)，空前一句是说如果他们感兴趣，向他们分享有关你的事业的宣传资料或仅仅告诉他们你学到的东西，空处应是进一步说明你让朋友和家人参与的具体做法，故D项符合语境，且句式结构与前一句相同。5F解析：本段的主题句为“Promote your cause on social media.”，该段也提到了利用“social media”，这与F项“发布有用的文章，写下你正在做什么来保持参与”密切联系，故选F。.语法填空(2020潍坊统一考试)There is a saying that goes, “All roads lead to Rome.”Roads were essential f
99、or the 1._(grow) of the Roman Empire. These roads enabled the Romans to move armies 2._ (efficient). At its peak, the Roman road system 3._(cover) 53，000 miles and contained about 372 links. The Romans were good at constructing these roads, 4._ were called viae(路)Prepared viae began in history as th
100、e streets of Rome. The Law of the Twelve Tables(十二铜表法), 5._(date) back to approximately 450 BC., explains that a road shall be 8 feet wide where straight and 16 feet where curved. According to the Tables, the Romans are commanded 6._(build) roads that would not need frequent repair.The Romans had 7.
101、_ preference for standardization whenever they could. A golden milestone was set up. 8._ this milestone were listed all of the cities in the empire and the distances to them.Roman roads 9._(consider) very important in maintaining both the stability and the expansion of the empire at that time. Even
102、after over 1，000 years, these roads are still used. During the fall of the Roman Empire, the same roads offered 10._(avenue) of invasion to the foreigners. This contributed to the Roman military ruin.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了罗马帝国的陆路系统。1growth解析：考查名词。与该句中的定冠词“the”和“of”呼应可知，此处应用其名词形式，即growth。2efficiently解析：考查副词。修
103、饰动词应用副词，故用副词efficiently修饰动词move。3covered解析：考查动词的时态。与语境中的“contained”呼应可知，此处指的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时，即covered。4which解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰表示物的先行词these roads，故用which。5dating解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，动词短语date back to和句子主语The Law of the Twelve Tables是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用date的现在分词形式dating。6to build解析：考查非谓
104、语动词。根据固定用法command sb.to do sth.“命令某人做某事”，此处应用不定式作宾语补足语。7a解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处“preference”意为“偏爱”，可作可数名词，其前无限定词修饰，且其发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。8On解析：考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“在里程碑上”，故用介词On。本句是一个倒装句，即介词短语置于句首时，句子全部倒装。9were considered解析：考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，consider和句子主语Roman roads构成被动关系，且与时间状语“at that time”呼应可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，即were considered。10avenues解析：考查名词的单复数。avenue是可数名词，且其前没有限定词修饰，故用其复数形式。