1、2021年高考英语词汇拓展之核心搭配演练181.Inside the window hangs a _ carved out of this piece of wood by the artist.A.decorationB.destinationC.departureD.discipline2.Mary and her friends _ a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help the homeless people at the Christmas party.A.came up withB.put up withC
2、.caught up withD.kept up with3.A lot of people _the theory that acupuncture blocks pain signals from reaching the brain.A.apply toB.submit toC.relate toD.subscribe to4.Bob has never _ and we all have to work harder to make up for his laziness.A.let off steamB.taken a breathC.pulled his weightD.settl
3、ed down5.Canada is a country _ many different nationalities as well as one with foreign immigrants (移民) _ the majority of its population.A.making up of; occupied withB.consisting of; making upC.made up of; consisting ofD.consisted of; taking up6.When the moon had risen, we _ on the grass, listening
4、to the wind _ in the trees.A.lay; whisperingB.lied; whisperingC.laid; whisperD.lay; to whisper7.He always tries to avoid being_with his headteacher.A.left outB.left aloneC.left behindD.left over8.His success was a pride to everyone in the family and they presented him with a gift to_the occasion.A.m
5、arkB.signC.congratulateD.honor9.May 12th,2008_a heavy earthquake,which caused a large number of deaths.A.noticedB.watchedC.sawD.suffered10. Id better _ now. The water is boiling in the kitchen. Goodbye.A.ring offB.ring upC.hold onD.ring back11.We _ the disabled students so we will do all that we can
6、 to help them.A.feel much sympathy forB.are out of sympathy withC.win sympathy ofD.expressing sympathy for12.On her sons arrival, she _ her sons face as if she hadnt seen him for years.A.noticedB.looked atC.scannedD.saw13.This kind of robot has been _ for cleaning the floors, which is popular in our
7、 city.A.signedB.soldC.sungD.designed14.I was being _ for a driving license for the third time.A.desiredB.testedC.takenD.asked15.We the last bus and didnt have any money for taxi, so we had to walk home.A.reachedB.lostC.missedD.caught16.The person who _ advantage of the girl _ a disadvantage didnt ga
8、in an advantage _ her.A.made; in ; overB.took; at ; onC.took; at; overD.made; at; over17.A video featuring Nezha and Monkey King, was _ on Monday to promote the animated film Nezha, which hit the big screens across China on Friday.A.relievedB.releasedC.reviewedD.received18.The number of deaths from
9、a powerful typhoon sweeping across Chinas east coast _ to 30 on Sunday.A.raisedB.roseC.arousedD.arose19.As the plane was ready to , all the passengers fastened their seat belts.A.take onB.take downC.take inD.take off20.Jim entered the competition without much hope,not expecting he would_the first pr
10、ize!A.come up withB.put up withC.catch up withD.end up with21.Success only_ those with courage and determination.A.favorsB.requestsC.reflectsD.instructs22.The researchers say they will _ more studies to confirm the results.A.give awayB.make outC.carry outD.put up23.During the heated discussion, I _
11、that blogs are better than books for their convenience, lower price, and larger range of writing.A.picked outB.worked outC.ran outD.pointed out24.A lot of the waste thrown away in the U.S. _ being shipped overseas to China, India, and other developing countries.A.breaks upB.clears upC.sums upD.ends
12、up25.Whatever cultural background you are from, becoming a member of a society means _ its values rather than being an outsider.A.adaptingB.arguingC.favoringD.adopting26.However, at times this balance in nature is disturbed, _ a number of possibly unforeseen effects.A.lying inB.calling inC.resulting
13、 in27.We cannot _ why quite a number of students were infected with the disease.A.make upB.figure outC.look through28.Police on Saturday arrested a 21-year-old Texas man _ of opening fire with a rifle at a Wal-Mart store in El Paso, Texas.A.sustainedB.suspendedC.suspectedD.suspicious29.How many nati
14、onalities _ our country _?A.is; consisted ofB.does; make upC.is; made fromD.does; consist of30.Then you usually lie there just _ the ceiling, thinking about everything that could go wrong.A.glancing atB.watching atC.glaring atD.staring at31.She down her book and in bed.A.lay; laidB.laid; layC.lay; l
15、ayD.laid; laid32.The fresh air _ our health and we _ it.A.benefits to; benefitB.benefits; benefit fromC.benefits from; benefitD.benefits; are benefited by33. It was foolish of him to _ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.A.stick to B.keep to C.refer to D.point to34
16、.Tea contains a variety of substances beneficial to human health, but only in a dark, sealed box can it be well _.A.advisedB.balancedC.informedD.preserved35.Faced with the crisis(危机), the government _ calm and took timely measures.A.grewB.appearedC.becameD.stayed36.New ideas have been _ since China
17、was opened to the outside world.A.brought aboutB.brought backC.brought upD.brought in37.It is _ that all the celebrities in the entertainment circle pay their taxes to the government.A.limitedB.predictedC.indicatedD.required38.The children _ themselves by playing hide-and-seek games.A.announcedB.adv
18、ancedC.agreedD.amused39.Many problems have_ as a result of change over a new type of fuel.A.risenB.arisenC.raisedD.aroused40.Mark Twain, as an adolescent, determined to make his fortune in South, _from his hometown for New Orleans.A.take offB.set offC.get offD.come off41.If you_ yourself to the job
19、in hand, youll soon finish it.A.requestB.appealC.applyD.claim42.She _in philosophy at Harvard.A.majoredB.managedC.masteredD.matched43.The whole area was _ by the snow, and the government had to send food there by helicopter.A.cut awayB.cut upC.cut offD.cut down44.Property insurance（保险）helps you to a
20、gainst natural disasters.A.preventB.defendC.protectD.fight45.He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world.A.cut outB.cut offC.cut upD.cut down答案与解析1.A【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：窗户边上挂着一幅被艺术家由这块木头雕刻的装饰品。A.decoration装饰；装饰品；B.destination目标；C.departure离开；D.discipline纪律。窗户边上应挂着装饰品。故
21、选A。2.A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：玛丽和她的朋友想出了一个计划，在圣诞节聚会上，从我的公司聚集了四十个人来帮助无家可归的人。A.came up with提出；B.put up with忍耐； C.caught up with追上；赶上；D.kept up with跟上。下文“聚集人帮助无家可归的人”是想出的计划，故选A。3.D【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：很多人都同意这样一种理论，即针灸可以阻止疼痛信号到达大脑。A.apply to适用于，应用于；B.submit to提交，向.提出，屈服；C.relate to涉及，有关；D.subscribe to同意，捐款，订阅。根据th
22、e theory可知此处表示同意这样一种理论。故选D项。4.C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍勃从来没有完成自己的那份工作，我们所有人都必须加倍努力以弥补他的懒惰。A. let off steam发泄怒火，宣泄情感；B. taken a breath吸气；C. pulled his weight完成他自己的工作；D. settled down定居，安家，平静下来。结合句意的需要及短语的意思可知，使用习惯用语pulled ones (own) weight：完成自己的那份工作，即C项pulled his weight正确。故选C项。5.B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：加拿大不仅是一个移民占人
23、口大多数的国家，也是一个由许多不同民族组成的国家。make up 组成，占比例；consist of 由组成；be made up of 由组成，be occupied with 忙于，take up从事，占地方。句中第一个空格处做后置定语修饰country，而consist of是不及物的动词短语，不能用过去分词表示被动，而be made up of只能用过去分词表示被动，排除A、D选项；第二个空是with复合结构，根据句意可知是immigrants占人口的比例，用动词make up，故答案选B。6.A【解析】考查动词及非谓语形式。句意：当月亮已经升起，我们躺在草地上，倾听风在树上低语。第一
24、空考查谓语动词，lie的过去式是lay；第二空考查非谓语动词，名词wind与whisper是主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故选A。7.B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他总是尽量避免和班主任单独呆在一起。A. left out遗漏；B. left alone独处；C. left behind落在后面；D. left over留下。由常识可知，学生一般不愿和班主任呆在一起（更不用说单独在一起），说明此处指他总是尽量避免和班主任单独呆在一起，B项符合句意。故选B项。8.B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的成功是家里每个人的骄傲，他们送给他一份礼物来示意这个场合。A. mark做标记；B. sig
25、n示意；C. congratulate祝贺；D. honor尊敬。congratulate sb. on sth.“祝贺某人某事”，根据语境可知，此处不能用congratulate，由His success was a pride和they presented him with a gift可知，家庭成员用礼 物来“示意”这个场合，此处的sign暗指“庆祝”之意。故选B项。9.C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2008年5月12日见证了一场大地震，它造成了许多人死亡。A. noticed注意到；B. watched观看；C. saw看见，见证；D. suffered遭受。notice指“注意到
26、，觉察到”；watch指“观看，注视”，表示以较大的注意力长时间观看；see意为“看见”，表示看的结果，也可作“见证”讲；suffer意为“遭受”，此处表示“2008年5月12日见证了一场大地震”，see符合题意，故选C项。10.A【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我最好现在就挂断电话。厨房里的水开了。再见。A. ring off挂断电话；B. ring up打电话；C. hold on等一下；D. ring back回电。由The water is boiling in the kitchen和Goodbye可知，因为厨房里的水开了，说话人现在想要挂断电话，ring off符合句意。故选A项。
27、11.A【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们对残疾的学生表示很同情，所以我们会做一切能做的事情来帮助他们。A. feel much sympathy for对表示同情；B. are out of sympathy with对无同情心；C. win sympathy of赢得的同情；D. expressing sympathy for对表达同情。根据“so we will do all that we can to help them”可知，此处表示“我们对残疾的学生表示同情”，空处是句子谓语部分，D项中expressing是非谓语动词，不符合题意，故选A项。12.C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句
28、意：她儿子一到，她就端详着他的脸，好像好几年没见过他似的。A. noticed注意到；B. looked at看着；C. scanned端详；D. saw看见。根据句意，尤其是as if she hadnt seen him for years.可知她看得很仔细，用“端详”符合语境，故选C项。13.D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种机器人是为清洁地板而设计的，在我们城市很流行。A. signed署名；B. sold出售；C. sung唱歌；D. designed设计。根据后文for cleaning the floors可知此处指机器人是为清洁地板而设计的，短语be designed fo
29、r“为所设计”。故选D。14.B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是第三次考驾照了。A. desired渴望，愿望；B. tested测试；C. taken拿，取；D. asked问，请求。根据“a driving license”可知，这里指考驾照，test“测试”符合题意，故选B项。15.C【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们错过了最后一班公共汽车，也没有钱打出租车，所以我们不得不步行回家。A. reach到达；延伸；B. lost丢失, 失去；C. missed错过；未赶上；D. caught抓住, 赶上。根据“and didnt have any money for taxi, so
30、we had to walk home.”可知，我们未赶上最后一班公共汽车。故选C。16.C【详解】考查固定短语和介词辨析。句意：利用处于不利地位的女孩的人没有比她获得优势。 take advantage of利用，是固定短语，故排除A、D项；at a disadvantage处于不利地位，是固定短语；an advantage over sb.比某人有优势，是固定用法，故选C。17.B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个以哪吒和猴王为特色的视频在周一发行了，为了宣传周五在全国上映的动画片哪吒。选项中，relieve 为“减轻”， release为“发行，发布”，review为“复习，评论”，r
31、eceive为“收到”，这里指两部视频发行。故此题选B。18.B【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：周日，一场席卷中国东海岸的强台风造成的死亡人数上升到30人。A.raised提升，增加；B.rose增加；C.aroused激起，引起；D.arose发生，出现。分析句子可知，这里要表达“人数增长到30”，考虑A和B，其中raise是及物动词，其后直接接宾语，而rise为不及物动词，用rise to表示“增长到”。故选B项，19.D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当飞机准备好起飞时，所有的乘客系好了安全带。A.take on承担；呈现；B.take down记下；C.take in理解；领会；D.t
32、ake off起飞。根据下文系上安全带，故是飞机起飞时。故选D。20.D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：吉姆毫无希望地参加了比赛，没想到他最终会获得一等奖。A.come up with 提出，想出；B.put up with 忍受；C.catch up with 赶上；D.end up with以.结束。根据Jim entered the competition without much hope,not expecting可知，此处用end up with最合语境。故选D。21.A【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：成功只青睐有勇气和有决心的人。A. favors支持；赞成；B. requests要
33、求；C. reflects反射；D. instructs指导。根据句意，有勇气有决心的人会成功，成功青睐有勇气和有决心的人。故选A。22.C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些研究人员说他们将进行更多的研究证实这个结果。A. give away泄漏；赠送；B. make out理解；辨认出；C. carry out进行；完成；D. put up张贴。根据句意可知，进行研究来证实结果的准确性。故选C。23.D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在激烈的讨论中，我指出博客因其便利、廉价、写作范围更广而优于书籍。A.picked out挑出；B.worked out锻炼，解决（问题）；C.ran out
34、用尽；D.point out指出。在这个“讨论”的情境中，应该要表达“我”指出、表达一个观点。故选D项。24.D【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：大量的来自美国的垃圾最终被运到了中国、印度和其他发展中国家。A. breaks up结束，破碎；B. clears up放晴，整理，解决，消除；C. sums up概括地说，总结；D. ends up最终成为，以结束。根据语境可知，ends up这里指“最终的结果”符合语境。故选D。25.D【解析】考查动词辨析。A. adapting改编；B. arguing争吵；C. favoring支持；D. adopting接受。句意：无论你来自什么文化背景，成
35、为一个社会的成员意味着接受它的价值，而不是成为一个局外人。D项符合语境。26.C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，自然界的这种平衡有时会被打破，导致一些可能无法预见的影响。A. lying in在于；B. calling in召集；C. resulting in导致。根据a number of possibly unforeseen effects.可知，这里意思是导致一些可能无法预见的影响。故选C。27.B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们弄不清楚为什么有那么多学生感染了这种疾病。A. make up组成，化妆，编造；B. figure out理解，解决，算出；C.look throu
36、gh浏览，仔细查看，识破。根据why quite a number of students were infected with the disease可知，此处表示不清楚。故选B项。28.C【详解】考查动词词义辨析和非谓语动词。句意：周六，警方逮捕了一名21岁的德克萨斯男子，他涉嫌在德克萨斯州埃尔帕索的沃尔玛商店用步枪开枪。A. sustained 被保持；B. suspended 被暂停；C. suspected 被怀疑；D. suspicious 可疑的。根据句意可知，警察逮捕了一个21岁的德克萨斯州人，由此可见，这个人被警察怀疑了。选项C. suspected 作为动词，在句中作定语，
37、修饰名词man，和名词man之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词suspected表示“被怀疑”的意思，符合句意。故选C。29.D【详解】考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：我们国家是由多少个民族组成的？consist of 由组成，无被动语态，排除A；make up 组成；be made up of 由组成；be made form 由制成。根据句意，要用consist of，故选D。30.D【详解】考查动词短语。句意：接着你通常会躺在那，只是盯着天花板，想着任何会出错的事情。A. glancing at匆匆一瞥；B. watching at看；C. glaring at怒目而视； D. staring
38、 at盯着，根据下文“thinking about everything that could go wrong.”可推断，盯着天花板想事。故选D项。31.B【详解】考查动词辨析和时态。句意：她放下书躺在床上。lie表示“躺”时，过去时和过去分词是lielay-lain. lay表示“放置”时，过去时和过去分词是lay-laid-laid.根据句意可知第一空表示“放置”，第二空表示“躺”，都用过去式，故选B。【点睛】lie, lay的过去式和过去分词lie lied lied 说谎，lie lay lain 平躺,位于，lay laid laid 放置,下蛋 可以编成顺口溜来记：规则的“说谎”
39、，不规则的“躺”，躺完就“下蛋”。“规则”就是规则变化的，也就是和一般的动词变化一样。lie-lied-lied (说谎)相同的。“不规则的”就是变化不规则的，lie-lay-lain (卧,躺,平放,位于)。“躺完就下蛋”:“躺”的完成式意思是“下蛋”，lay-laid-laid (下蛋,放置)32.B【详解】考查benefit用法。句意：做早锻炼对我们的健康有益，我们会从中受益的。benefit sth使受益；benefit from从中受益；根据句意，故选B。33.C【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他太愚蠢了，在这么重要的考试中翻看笔记，结果，他得到了惩罚。A stick to坚持；B ke
40、ep to 保持；C refer to 参考；D point to 指向。根据got punished，得知他做错了事情。在重要考试中查阅笔记。故选C。34.D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：茶叶中含有多种对人体有益的物质，但只有在密封的暗箱中才能保存完好。A. advised建议；B. balanced平衡；C. informed通知；D. preserved保存。根据but only in a dark, sealed box可知，表示“保存”。故选D。35.D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：面对危机，政府保持冷静，及时采取措施。A. grew生长；B. appeared出现；C. bec
41、ame成为；D. stayed停留，保持。根据后文calm and took timely measures可知表示“保持冷静”短语为stay calm，后文并列谓语took提示为一般过去时。故选D。36.D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从中国对外开放以来，新思想不断被引进。A.brought about引起，导致 ；B.brought back带回来，使回忆； C.brought up培养； D.brought in引进，引入。根据 China was opened to the outside world.可知，自从中国对外开放以来，新思想不断被引进。故选D。37.D【详解】考查动词词
42、义辨析。句意：按照要求娱乐圈名人要向政府缴税。A.limited限制；B.predicted预言，预告；C.indicated表明，示意；D.required需要，依靠。分析可知，此处考查it+ is + required+that.，从句用虚拟语气。故选D项。38.D【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们玩捉迷藏游戏来取乐。A. announced宣布；B. advanced发展，进步；促进；推动；C. agreed同意；D. amused娱乐、使愉快。根据“by playing hide-and-seek games”可知，此处表示“取乐”，故D项正确。39.B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：
43、由于换用了一种新型燃料，很多问题出现了。arise“发生；出现”，符合句意。rise“上升，上涨”； raise“举起，抬高”； arouse“引起，激起，唤起”。故选B。40.B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：少年时代的马克吐温决心在南方发迹，他从家乡出发前往新奥尔良。A. take off起飞；B. set off出发，动身；C. get off下车；D. come off脱落，举行。根据后文from his hometown for New Orleans可知是指从家乡动身出发，前往新奥尔良。故选B。41.C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你专心做手头上的工作，你很快就会完成工作的。
44、A. request 要求；B. appeal呼吁；C. apply申请，应用，致力于；D. claim宣称。根据youll soon finish it.可知，如果你专心做手头上的工作，你很快就会完成工作的。表示“致力于”应用短语apply oneself to。故选C。42.A【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在哈佛大学主修哲学。A. majored主修，专攻；B. managed设法对付；C. mastered精通，掌握；D. matched相匹配。根据题意可知，在哈佛大学主修哲学。故选A。43.C【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个地区因大雪与外界隔绝，政府职能通过直升飞机运送食物。A
45、. cut away切除；B. cut up切碎、剁碎；C. cut off使与外界隔绝；D. cut down减少。根据 the government had to send food there by helicopter.可知，是大雪使地区与外界隔绝（cut off）。故选C。44.B【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：财产保险帮助你防御自然灾害（造成的损失）。A. prevent防止，阻止；B. defend保卫，防御；C. protect保护；D. fight战斗。由句意可知，B项正确。45.B【详解】考查动词短语。句意：住院六个月，他感觉好像与外界中断了联系。A. cut out停止运转；B. cut off中断；C. cut up切碎；D. cut down砍倒，削减。根据语境可知，与外界中断了联系，故选B。