1、专题强化练(三)阅读理解第一组A主题语境:人与自我生活与学习建议用时:5实际用时:正答率:/3Id been a photographer for 20 years,but I found a new path when I was asked to photograph a doctor performing a spine procedure(脊椎手术).When the doctor said,“Here,take a picture of this.” There before me was the spine.I realized the spine,which had never
2、seen light and wasnt meant to see light,was bathed in light at that moment.I was in awe(敬畏).I knew right then that this was where I wanted to spend the rest of my life.I could become a doctor myself.I ceased receiving calls while I was training to be a doctor.I often worked nearly a hundred hours a
3、week.Even my mom stopped calling me.I used my phone only for medical purposes.Then one day my cell phone rang.I didnt recognize the number,but the call was from Washington,D.C.This call,I thought,must be important.“Yes?” I whispered in the hallway.“Hey,Max,” the voice rose.“Its Todd.” Todd James is
4、a photo editor at National Geographic.I hadnt spoken to him in 10 years,certainly not since Id left photography to become a doctor.“Ive got a job for you.” He wanted to send me all over the world to shoot stem cell(干细胞) research.“But.,” I told Todd.“Ive got patients Ive got to see right now.Ill call
5、 you back.” That afternoon I ran into the director of my program.After talking with him,I called Todd right away.He figured I could do the story in 23 days13 shoots in 13 countries.While shooting the stem cell research,I wondered what to specialize in.Then I realized that being a photographer is ser
6、ious business,but I had 20 years of experience doing it.I was a master.However,it would take 20 more years before I had the mastery I needed to have as a doctor.I finally made the decision.【语篇解读】作者离开摄影行业成为一名医生。在接到国家地理杂志图片编辑的邀请电话后,考虑到自己有20多年的摄影经验,作者决定重返这个行业。1.Which of the following best explains “cea
7、sed” underlined in Paragraph 2? A.Stopped.B.Minded.C.Liked.D.Admitted.答案A解析词义猜测题。由下文内容“I often worked nearly a hundred hours a week.Even my mom stopped calling me.I used my phone only for medical purposes.”可知,作者在培训当医生的时候,停止接电话了。2.Why did Todd call the author?A.To look for medical help.B.To seek advi
8、ce from the author.C.To encourage the author to do research.D.To ask the author to photograph again.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知,Todd给作者打电话的目的是让他再次从事摄影。3.What decision did the author make finally?A.Returning to photography.B.Trying to be a master doctor.C.Taking lots of photos of doctors.D.Improving his ph
9、otographic skills.答案A解析细节理解题。由最后一段最后三句可知,作者最终意识到他很精通摄影,但他还需要20年的时间才能掌握作为一名医生所需要的技能,所以作者最终决定重返摄影行业。B主题语境:人与社会历史典故建议用时:5实际用时:正答率:/4Moolah.Benjamins.Stacks.Big ones.Cheddar.We have a lot of terms for money in the U.S.While the meaning behind some of these terms may seem obvious,its less intuitive for o
10、thers.“Bucks” is one example of the latter.So why do we call dollars “bucks”?A widely held belief involves the use of the word “buck” to mean “a male animal;especially,a male deer or antelope.” Back in the 18th century,European settlers and Native Americans often traded buckskins,or deerskins,as a f
11、orm of currency.One of the earliest references to bucks as currency is a 1748 journal entry from Conrad Weiser,a Pennsylvania Dutch pioneer,interpreter and diplomat.In his journal,he described the rate for a cask of whiskey as “5 bucks,” reportedly in reference to deerskins.The journal also cited a
12、man who was “robbed of the value of 300 bucks.”A popular theory relates the term “buck” to the use of deerskins as a commodity(货物) of exchange.One deerskin wasnt necessarily the equivalent of one “buck,” as various factors could determine the value,like the size,quality,age of the deer and more.Offi
13、cial U.S.dollars werent minted until several decades after Weisers journal entries,but it appears buckskins and the word buck stuck around in the currency arena.Yet another theory relates “buck” to the game of poker.A knife with a buckhorn handle in the 19th century American frontier,was passed arou
14、nd to indicate whose turn it was to deal.Many believe the buckhorn handled knife in poker is the source of the phrase “pass the buck,” which means to shift the responsibility for something to someone else.The idea is that a player who did not want to be the dealer could pass the buckhorn knife,that
15、is “pass the buck,” and make the next player take up the responsibility of dealing.Clearly,theres no strong agreement on the origin of the word “buck” for dollar,but most of us can probably agree that it might be nice to have a few more in our bank accounts.【语篇解读】人们有时候也将美元叫做 buck,但许多人并不知道关于这种用法在历史上是
16、有许多理论依据的。4.What does the underlined word “intuitive” in the first paragraph probably mean?A.Clear.B.Major.C.Cheap.D.Meaningful.答案A解析词义猜测题。由前面句中的While和obvious可知,此处应表示虽然一些术语背后的意义很明显,但其他的术语却没有这么“清楚的”意思。5.According to the text,Conrad Weiser was the first to .A.work as an interpreterB.be robbed of bucksC
17、.write a journal entryD.refer to bucks as currency答案D解析细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知,Conrad Weiser是第一个把buck作为货币的人。6.When did official U.S.dollars come into use?A.In the year 1748.B.Decades after 1748.C.Before Weiser wrote his journal entry.D.As soon as Weiser wrote his journal entry.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句中的“until se
18、veral decades after Weisers journal entries”可知,美元是在Weiser完成日记账之后几十年才被制造出来。7.In the 19th century,who is the dealer in the game of poker?A.Anyone who played the game.B.Anyone who passed the buck on.C.The person who got the buckhorn knife.D.The person who won the game at last.答案C解析细节理解题。由最后一段中的第二句可知,在1
19、9世纪,人们在玩纸牌游戏时拿到鹿角柄的就是发牌员。此题易误选B项。当时人们在玩纸牌时,带有鹿角柄的刀子会在人们之间传递,当刀子传递给一个人时也就意味着把责任传递给他,因此拿到这把刀子的人才是发牌员。C主题语境:人与社会名人传记建议用时:5实际用时:正答率:/4Born in 1928 in Nanjing,Jiangsu,Yu Guangzhong,who spent his younger days on the Chinese mainland before moving to Taiwan in his 20s,passed away on Dec 14,2017.Nostalgia(乡
20、愁)which Yu wrote in his 40s to voice his homesickness for his childhood motherlandbecame his most well-known work,since it resonated(共鸣) with many who were far away from home.The poem appeared in Chinese school textbooks and was adapted into songs.However,the fact that Nostalgia became so famous als
21、o disturbed Yu because among the over 1,000 poems that hed written,Nostalgia seemed to be the only one that the public ever talked about and appreciated.“Id like to think of Nostalgia as my business card,but unfortunately it got too big that it kept people from seeing the real me,” Yu once said,acco
22、rding to China Youth Daily.Indeed,writing poems is only one of Yus many talents.Great Chinese writer Liang Shiqiu (1903-1987) once spoke of Yu,“He writes poems with his right hand and proses(散文) with his left.There is hardly anyone who matches his achievements at the time.”Yu was also a translator.Y
23、u spoke French,German,Spanish,Italian and Russian,and published 13 translation collections.And he used his talents well.He spent his whole life working,even in his 80s.Yu said in October that whenever people asked whether he still kept the habit of writing up,he would always answer,“Why dont you ask
24、 me if Im still breathing?”To him,writing was an inseparable(不可分割的) part of life that shouldnt be affected by age or anything else.Now that Yu has taken his last breath,his writing career has finally been put to rest.But the many books he wrote and translated will continue to carry the nostalgia peo
25、ple have for him.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了著名诗人余光中的生平和他的成就。8.How old was Yu Guangzhong when he died?A.86.B.87.C.88.D.89.答案D解析细节理解题。由第一段第一句“Born in 1928 in Nanjing.his 20s,passed away on Dec 14,2017.”可知,余光中去世时,享年89岁。故选D项。9.How did Liang Shiqiu like Yu Guangzhong?A.He spoke hardly of Yu Guangzhong.B.He th
26、ought highly of Yu Guangzhong.C.He was indifferent to Yu Guangzhong.D.He was very friendly to Yu Guangzhong.答案B解析细节理解题。由第四段梁实秋的话“He writes poems with his right hand and proses(散文) with his left.There is hardly anyone who matches his achievements at the time.”可知,梁实秋对余光中给予很高的评价。故选B项。10.Which of the fo
27、llowing does not describe Yu Guangzhong?A.A poet.B.A writer.C.A thinker.D.A translator.答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,余光中是诗人;由第五段第一句“Yu was also a translator.”可知,余光中是翻译家;由最后一段第二句可知,余光中还是一名作家。故选C项。11.What can we infer from the last three paragraphs?A.Nostalgia is important for him in his life.B.Writing is as
28、important as translation.C.Writing is the most important part in his life.D.His talents are the most important in his writing.答案C解析推理判断题。由第六段第二句及第七段“To him,writing was an inseparable(不可分割的) part of life that shouldnt be affected by age or anything else.”和最后一段第一句中的“his writing career has finally been
29、 put to rest”可知,对余老来说,写作是他的生命中最重要的。故选C项。D主题语境:人与自然宇宙探索建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4Scientists have found what they believe are pieces of a meteor(流星) that fell to the earth last year.The objects were discovered off the coast of the United States in the Pacific Ocean.The crew of the Nautilus,a private research s
30、hip,recovered the rock particles(颗粒).The Nautilus is operated by the Ocean Exploration Trust.The group says its aim at present is to examine areas of the ocean that have never been explored before.The search was launched after US government weather stations observed a large meteorite exploding some
31、months ago.The explosion lit up the sky and sent the rock particles to the earth.The meteorite fall was the largest recorded over the United States in at least 20 years.The team includes scientists from NASA,the Olympic Coast National Marine Sanctuary and the University of Washington.The scientists
32、examined what they believe were two small meteorite fragments.Further testing is needed before they can confirm that the material came from the explosion.The Nautilus is equipped with two remotely operated vehicles(ROVs),called Hercules and Argus.These robotic submarines help researchers find and co
33、llect materials from the seafloor.The fact that the particles landed in the ocean,instead of on land,means larger pieces may have survived and can be studied.For this reason,scientists decided to launch the first intentional search for meteorites from the ocean,Until the latest research,scientists h
34、ad only accidentally discovered a small number of meteorites from drilling operations.The objects recovered from the bottom of the sea likely came from the recent explosion for two main reasons.First,meteorite particles are basically made of glassy materials that do not tend to last long in seawater
35、.Secondly,they came from what looked like a small hole on the seafloor.Some evidence shows that they came from something that fell.【语篇解读】 科学家们发现了他们认为是去年坠落地球的流星的碎片。这些物体是在美国太平洋沿岸发现的。12.What is the current goal of the crew of the Ocean Exploration Trust?A.To recover the rock particles.B.To observe move
36、ments of the universe.C.To study unexplored places of the ocean.D.To examine creatures of the explored ocean.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段第三句可知,the Ocean Exploration Trust的船员目前的目标是研究海洋中未被探索的地方。故选C项。13.What mainly caused the start of the search in the sea?A.Some pieces of a meteor.B.Business value of meteors.C.Ple
37、nty of natural resources.D.The brainstorm of researchers.答案A解析推理判断题。由第一段第一句可知,一颗流星的碎片导致了在海中搜索的开始。故选A项。14.Why do the scientists prefer to search for meteors in the ocean?A.They can find meteors more easily.B.They may find bigger rock particles.C.They like to explore strange sea areas.D.They have bett
38、er submarine equipment.答案B解析推理判断题。由第四段第三句可知,科学家更喜欢在海洋中寻找流星是因为他们可能会发现更大的岩石颗粒。故选B项。15.What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?A.Offer clues for the search.B.Give reasons to support a guess.C.Stress the importance of the event.D.Describe the process of the search.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段第一句可知,从
39、海底发现的物体可能来自最近的爆炸,主要有两个原因。作者在最后一段是想给出支持猜测的理由。故选B项。第二组A主题语境:人与社会特色餐厅建议用时:4实际用时:正答率:/3Do you want to go out to eat with your kids?Here are some restaurants that are good for kids in downtown Los Angeles.Grand CafeTel:(213)356-4155Do you need a place that opens as early as your kids wake up?Then go to G
40、rand Cafe.Families can order breakfast off the menu or enjoy the buffet.Because of the variety,buffets seem to be an easy option for families with picky eaters.There are many options for the different moods of all family members.Nickel DinerTel:(213)623-8301Nickel Diner was listed in Los Angeles mag
41、azine as one of “LAs Best New Restaurants”.The space is small,but the menu is wonderfully large.The atmosphere is quiet and relaxed,which makes it easy to bring the kids.One of the most attractive things about Nickel Diner is its unique menu of breakfast foods.KulaTel:(213)290-9631Kula is an excitin
42、g sushi bar and is a big hit for little sushi eaters.Kulas concept includes providing “a high standard of natural organic foods” and they use 100% organic rice.If your child is not a sushi eater,there are also many other options.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章推荐了几个适合带着孩子就餐的餐厅。1.Who would most probably go to eat a
43、t Grand Cafe?A.People who love organic foods.B.People who want to play while eating.C.People who want to serve themselves in a restaurant.D.People who love a quiet eating environment.答案C解析推理判断题。根据Grand Cafe中的“Because of the variety.moods of all family members.”可知,由于多样性,自助餐似乎对有挑食的人的家庭是一个简单的选择。对于所有家庭成
44、员的不同情绪,有许多选择。故想要在餐馆里吃自助餐的人最有可能去Grand Cafe馆吃饭,选C项。2.Why is Nickel Diner a good place to bring kids?A.Because it offers a lot of options.B.Because its atmosphere is suitable for kids.C.Because it opens as early as kids wake up.D.Because it serves special sandwiches答案B解析细节理解题。根据Nickel Diner中的“The atmos
45、phere is quiet and relaxed,which makes it easy to bring the kids.”可知,Nickel Diner之所以是带孩子来的好地方是因为它的氛围适合孩子们。故选B项。3.Which of the following aspects of Kula is most attractive to eaters?A.It offers very healthy foods.B.It has many other options.C.It offers different kinds of rice.D.It allows kids to run
46、around.答案A解析细节理解题。根据Kula中的“Kulas concept includes providing a high standard of natural organic foods and they use 100% organic rice.”可知,Kula的理念包括提供“高标准的天然有机食品”,他们使用100%的有机大米。故Kula最吸引食客的是它提供非常健康的食物,选A项。B主题语境:人与社会助人为乐建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4When Randy Heiss went hiking behind his Patagonia,Ariz ona,the last
47、thing he expected to find was a Christmas list from a little girl across the US-Mexico border.“I found this balloon on my morning walk near Patagonia on Sunday.Attached to it was a piece of paper with the Christmas wishes from a little girl,” Heiss wrote on his Facebook page.When he brought the list
48、 home to his wife,who speaks fluent Spanish,they determined that the little girl had asked for Enchantimals toys,clothes,art supplies and various other gifts.Thats when Heiss set out to make the little girls Christmas dreams come true.Heiss said he had attempted to send Christmas letters to Santa Cl
49、aus via balloon when he was a kid but never received a response.Heiss sent a Facebook message on Wednesday to XENY,a radio station in Nogales,to see if it could help him track down the girl or her family.He later received a response from the station,which had determined the author of the letter was
50、an 8-year-old girl named Dayami,and the station wanted to set up a meeting between the two on Thursday.“It just changed my entire day,” Heiss told the Washington Post.“Instead of going back to my office in Bisbee,I went with my wife to Walmart.”The couple bought almost everything on Dayamis list.The
51、y also brought a few gifts for Dayamis little sister,Ximena.They told the children they were “ayudantes de Santa,” or Santas helpers.Heiss,60,said the experience was very healing for him and his wife.Nine years ago,the couples only son died.“Being around children at Christmas time has been absent in
52、 our lives,” Heiss said.We now have friends for life.For a day,that border fence with its concertina wire melted away.【语篇解读】 Randy Heiss在亚利桑那州巴塔哥尼亚散步时,意外收到了来自边境的一个小女孩通过气球发来的圣诞礼物清单。4.How did Dayami send out her Christmas wishes?A.By calling Heiss.B.By attaching them to a balloon.C.By writing to a rad
53、io station.D.By sending a Facebook message.答案B解析细节理解题。由第一段“I found this balloon on my morning walk near Patagonia on Sunday.Attached to it was a piece of paper with the Christmas wishes from a little girl”及下文可知小女孩就是Dayami,她是通过把愿望绑在气球上发送圣诞愿望的。故选B项。5.When did Heiss know what the girl exactly wanted?A.
54、After the help of his wife.B.When he found the balloon.C.After their meeting in America.D.When he got a response from the radio station.答案A解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句可知,他是通过妻子的帮助知道女孩到底想要什么的。故选A项。6.What might make Heiss decide to fulfill the little girls Christmas wishes?A.His sons will.B.The girls request for h
55、elp.C.His similar unsuccessful experience.D.His desire to make friends with the girl.答案C解析推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知,他小时候有和女孩相似的但不成功的经历,因此他决定帮助女孩实现愿望。故选C项。7.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.The couple got out of the pain completely.B.The experience was a great relief to the couple.C.The couple woul
56、d help more children from Mexico.D.There will be no border between countries one day.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段第一句可知,这段经历对Heiss和他的妻子来说是非常治愈的。因为他们九年前失去了唯一的儿子,因此这次经历对他们来说是一种很大的安慰。故选B项。C主题语境:人与社会艺术家建议用时:5实际用时:正答率:/4Fu Yiyao,one of Chinas leading ink wash painters,released her new book on December 6 in Shanghai.F
57、u followed the words of her father,Fu Baoshi (1904-1965),who was the representative landscape painter of his time,to study Chinese language in college.She set foot in painting circles due to her strong attachment(依恋) to the art and since became an outstanding painter.In 1979,Fu was one of the first
58、batch(批) of overseas students sent to Japan after the country carried out its reform and opening up policy.She was famous for large-scale ink wash painting and held many exhibitions around the world,helping promote Chinese painting worldwide.Fu said that her original dream was to become an actress,b
59、ut her father thought that literature plays an important role in ones growth and is also a qualification(资格) to start painting.Later,Fu gradually understood her fathers deep love for her.After living in Japan for 40 years,Fu said she genuinely understands the superiority of her motherlands culture a
60、nd she will constantly promote the art of ink wash painting.She believes that she has obeyed by her fathers wishes.Speaking of her original intention of creating her book,Fu said,“It is not a pure autobiography(自传)for I have shared my reflections on life and art in a new form.” Meanwhile,the book ha
61、s three types of vision to meet the needs of different readers.“I have got what I wanted in the process of study and creation.Love may remain only three days,but my love for Chinese culture can last thousands of years,” Fu concluded.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了中国水墨画家之一,著名水墨画家傅抱石的女儿傅益瑶的成长经历及成就。8.Why did Fu
62、 Yiyao become a famous painter?A.Because her father was a painter.B.Because she listened to her father.C.Because she was crazy about art.D.Because she studied painting in college.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,傅益瑶痴迷于艺术是她成为杰出的画家的原因。故选C项。9.Whats Fus purpose of holding many exhibitions around the world?A.To ear
63、n more money by her paintings.B.To be famous for large-scale ink wash painting.C.To help more people who need help all over the world.D.To make people all over the world get to know Chinese painting.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知,傅益瑶在世界各地举办了许多画展,其目的是在世界范围内推广中国绘画,也就是让世界各地的人来了解中国的绘画。故选D项。10.What did her father
64、 think important in ones growth?A.Literature.B.Painting.C.Friendship.D.Gift.答案A解析细节理解题。由第四段第一句中的“but her father thought that literature plays an important role in ones growth”可知,她的父亲认为文学在一个人的成长中是非常重要的。故选A项。11.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Fu loves painting very much.B.Fu loves her moth
65、erland very much.C.Fu loves her new book very much.D.Fu loves Chinese culture very much.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段第二句中的“my love for Chinese culture can last thousands of years”可推知,傅益瑶是非常爱国的。故选B项。D主题语境:人与自然环境保护建议用时:6实际用时:正答率:/4Experts predict the world could run out of chocolate within 40 years because cacao p
66、lants are struggling to survive in warmer climates.The trees can only grow within about 20 degrees north and south of the Equator(赤道)and they grow under specific conditions such as high humidity(湿度) and abundant rain.That means cacao production areas are set to be pushed thousands of feet uphill int
67、o mountainous area which is carefully preserved for wildlife by 2050.Last year experts predicted that the world was heading for a “chocolate deficit(赤字)” as shoppers in developing countries rushed to buy more chocolate.The typical Western consumer eats an average of 286 chocolate bars a yearmore if
68、they are from Belgium,according to the research.Since the 1990s,more than a billion people from China,Indonesia,India,Brazil and the former Soviet Union have entered the market for cocoa.Despite the increased demand,supply has not kept up and stores of cocoa are said to be falling.Doug Hawkins,from
69、London-based research firm Hardman Agribusiness,said production of cocoa is under strain(面临压力) as farming methods have not changed for hundreds of years.Some reports suggest cocoa growers in the worlds top producer country,Ivory Coast,have turned to illegally farming protected forests to meet demand
70、what Mr.Hawkins calls “destruction by chocolate”.【语篇解读】 有关专家预测由于全球气候变暖,可可树将难以生存,因此巧克力将在40年之内绝迹。12.Whats the reason that chocolate could disappearing within 40 years?A.Plenty of rain.B.Global warming.C.More bad climates.D.People needing more chocolate.答案B解析细节理解题。由第一段中的“because cacao plants are strugg
71、ling to survive in warmer climates”可知,巧克力将在40年之内绝迹,原因是全球气候变暖。13.Which of the following does not belong to the growing conditions of cacao plants?A.High wet.B.Enough rain.C.A lot of sunlight and protection.D.In 20 degrees north and south of the Equator.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段的“The trees can only grow within
72、about 20 degrees north and south of the Equator”和“high humidity(湿度) and abundant rain”可知,可可树种植区域仅限距离赤道南北纬约20度的狭窄的雨林,喜生在湿度大、雨量充足的环境。故选C项。14.What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to?A.Experts.B.Chocolate bars.C.Developing countries.D.The typical Western consumers.答案D解析词义猜测题。由本句的意思可
73、知,they指上文的“典型西方国家的消费者”。故选D项。15.What does Doug Hawkins think of production of cocoa in high demand?A.Farming methods havent changed for hundreds of years.B.More and more people like eating chocolate production.C.Less and less people plant cacao plants all over the world.D.More people from developing
74、countries like eating chocolate production.答案A解析细节理解题。由第六段中的“as farming methods have not changed for hundreds of years”可知,道格霍金斯认为可可产品供应紧张是因为可可树种植方法几百年来一成不变。故选A项。第三组A主题语境:人与自然旅游建议用时:5实际用时:正答率:/3(2019四川眉山一诊)Khotyn FortressBuilt in the 13th-14th century,it lies on the right bank of the Dniester River i
75、n Khotyn,of western Ukraine.It is also in the historical northern Bessarabia region which was split in 1940 between Ukraine and Moldova.And it is near to the Old Kamyanets Castle of Kamianets-Podilskyi,which was also used as a famous defensive structure.It is convenient to book the hotels nearby it
76、at low prices,such as Premier Club,Reikartz Kamianets-Podilsky and so on.Kamenets-Podolsk CastleIt lies in the Khmelntsky Region,Ukraine.This architectural treasure is over a thousand years old and it can be found in the catalogue of the British National Museum.Its architecture which unites best wes
77、tern and eastern traditions fits into the nature perfectly.The castle consists of minaret buildings,a town hall,an Orthodox church and a Polish Catholic church.Its beauty has been attracting tourists from all over the world for many years.Vorontsov PalaceIt is a historic palace lying at the foot of
78、the Crimean Mountains near the town of Alupka in Crimea,Ukraine.It is one of the oldest and largest palaces in Crimea,and one of the most popular tourist attractions on Crimeas southern coast.The construction of the palace began in 1830,according to a project by English architect Edward Blore (1789-
79、1879) and it was supposed to be the palace for Prince Mikhail Vorontsov to spend summer.Metropolitan PalaceIt was built between the years 1864-1882 according to the designs of the Czech architect Josef Hlvka.The palace,whose buildings are now part of Chernivtsi University,Ukraine,was declared a UNES
80、CO World Heritage Site in 2011.【语篇解读】本文属于应用文,主要介绍了乌克兰境内的几处著名的城堡和宫殿。作者从它们的修建历史、地理位置以及特色等方面作了介绍。1.What can we know about Khotyn Fortress?A.It served as defence work.B.It is open to the public for free.C.It is the oldest building in Ukraine.D.It was divided into two parts in 1940.答案A解析细节理解题。由Khotyn For
81、tress部分的“And it is near to the Old Kamyanets Castle of Kamianets-Podilskyi,which was also used as a famous defensive structure.”可知,该城堡与Old Kamyanets Castle临近,这个城堡也曾经被用作防御工事,由此推知,Khotyn Fortress过去是作防御工事用的,故选A项。2.Which has the shortest history?A.Kamenets-Podolsk Castle.B.Khotyn Fortress.C.Vorontsov Pa
82、lace.D.Metropolitan Palace.答案D解析细节理解题。通过对比四个历史遗迹存在的时间长短可知,Metropolitan Palace修建于18641882年,比修建于1830年的Vorontsov Palace还要晚,因此选D项。3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A travel magazine.B.An architecture brochure.C.A research paper on history.D.A geography textbook.答案A解析推理判断题。本文介绍了乌克兰境内的4个著名城堡和宫殿,谈到
83、了它们的地理位置、悠久的历史以及建筑特色。特别是在介绍Khotyn Fortress时,作者还提到了该城堡附近的旅馆;在介绍Kamenets-Podolsk Castle时,作者提到了该城堡每年吸引了众多旅游者;在介绍Metropolitan Palace时,作者提到了该宫殿是联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产文化地。由此可知,这篇文章可能来自一本旅游杂志,故选A项。B主题语境:人与社会著名建筑建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4(2019四川眉山一诊)Professor Sun Jun,aged 93 in 2018,has devoted his life to working on China
84、s giant construction projects,including the Qinghai-Tibet highway,Three Gorges Dam,and the Yangtze River Tunnel.In his latest project,the Tongji University academic served as a senior adviser on the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.Under the guidance of Sun,Xu Wei,a professor in Ton
85、gji and Suns student,took over technical assistance for the construction of the bridge.“Every time I saw Sun and other professors working on the bridge,I felt at ease,” said Lin Ming,the general project manager.Lin initially invited an experienced Dutch company to serve as the technical assistant fo
86、r the project.The company wanted to charge US $171 million.He then asked for help from Xu along with experts in Tongji University.The methods developed by Tongji University reduced the impact of the bridge on the Chinese white dolphin,which is under first class state protection.The key challenge dur
87、ing the construction of the bridge was the 6.7-km underwater tunnel,the worlds longest and deepest undersea tunnel.Ding Wenqi,who was nicknamed the “tunnel expert”,was asked to ensure the tubes be connected perfectlyeven under the influences of land subsidence (下沉),water pressure and tide movement.H
88、u Xiangdong,another professor with Tongji,developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage and land subsidence during the digging of the most challenging 2-km section of the tunnel.The tunnel section of the project was completed in May 2017.Sun was invited to visit t
89、he near-completed bridge again in February 2018.The expert said he felt the most relaxed this time since most of the challenges have been conquered.“In the next step,we should focus on how to make the two artificial islands more beautiful and attract travelers,” Sun said.Xu said all the staff in his
90、 office took a great pride in watching the TV news of the bridges official opening on Wednesday.【语篇解读】 港珠澳大桥的建成离不开所有参与者的智慧与汗水。同济大学的专家们积极献策,他们反复研究、试验,攻破了港珠澳大桥建设的重重技术难关,创造了世界奇迹。4.What is Professor Suns contribution to the bridge?A.He worked in Tongji University.B.He was the general project manager.C.H
91、e gave much advice on the project.D.He took over the technical assistance.答案C解析推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知,他是港珠澳大桥的高级顾问,因此他应该为这个工程的建设提供了许多建议。故选C项。5.Why did Lin Ming ask for help from experts in Tongji University?A.The Dutch company charged too much.B.The technical assistant had too much trouble.C.Tongji Univer
92、sity did best in the giant projects.D.He felt relaxed to see professors working on the bridge.答案A解析推理判断题。由第二段最后两句可知,是因为荷兰公司要价太高,工程总经理才求助同济大学的专家的。故选A项。6.Whats the greatest trouble in building the bridge?A.Protecting the Chinese white dolphin.B.Constructing the longest & deepest undersea tunnel.C.Cont
93、rolling the water pressure.D.Preventing the tide.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段前两句可知,同济大学开发的方法减少了大桥对处于国家一级保护下的中华白海豚的影响。大桥建造过程中的一个关键挑战是6.7千米的海底隧道,这是世界上最长和最深的海底隧道,故选B项。7.How did the expert stop water leaking in building the undersea tunnel?A.By keeping the tide moving.B.By digging deep into the sea.C.By increasing t
94、he water pressure.D.By freezing the nearby earth around the tunnel.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段第四句可知,该专家通过冰冻隧道周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D项。C主题语境:人与社会意外急救建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4Friday would be Samia and Salems wedding day!Everyone in the village was excited and was busy preparing for the happy event.The villagers were very proud
95、 of Salem as he worked long hours and cared about the people in his village.While others were enjoying the prewedding celebrations,together with the nurses,the groom was busy delivering a baby in his clinic.The bride was in her room happily arranging her hair and make-up,getting ready for the arriva
96、l of her guests.Her family and friends had excitedly prepared the henna (涂指甲花) party.Grandma and Mum were busy in the kitchen with the food they had made for the henna feast for the day before Friday.Samias friend Mariam was making the wedding cake.Her friend Shaikha was collecting the brides dress
97、from the tailor.At 12 noon the henna maker arrived.Following the tradition,she started decorating the brides hands.There was an air of excitement in the room.Grandma started singing a traditional folk song.Suddenly,the bride felt a strange tingling (麻刺感) in her hand.It grew worse and worse.Her hand
98、became red and swollen soon.Grandma said,“Oh dear,I think it best that you wash your hands immediately.” As an emergency first aider,Mariam suggested applying some cold cream on Samias hand and ran off and returned with some in her hand.Neither of these worked.Mum took control and phoned Salem but i
99、n vain.Without hesitation,she took Samia to the hospital urgently with Dad and other friends.Dr Ahmed looked at her hand and said,“Youve had an allergic reaction to the henna.Tomorrow is your wedding.What about drawing the henna using body colors?” Everyone smiled.【语篇解读】Samia和Salem将在星期五举行婚礼,在婚礼的前一天,
100、按照传统,新娘Samia需要涂指甲花,但是在涂指甲花的过程中,她对指甲花染料过敏,导致紧急情况的发生,好在她母亲冷静处理,最后化险为夷。8.What was Salem doing the day before the wedding?A.Working with the nurses.B.Decorating the brides hands.C.Preparing for the wedding cake.D.Visiting the tailor for the wedding suit.答案A解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,在婚礼的前一天,新郎Salem还在诊所和护士一起接生一个
101、小宝宝。因此,选A项。9.What event took place in the village on Thursday?A.Celebrating a wedding ceremony.B.Holding a babys birthday party.C.Having a feast party.D.Ordering the wedding dress.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Grandma and Mum were busy in the kitchen with the food they had made for the henna feast for the day b
102、efore Friday.”可知,星期四,即Samia和Salem婚礼的前一天,遵循传统风俗,新娘需要涂指甲花,然后有一个很大的宴会,Samia的奶奶和妈妈在为这个宴会做准备。故选C项。10.Why did Mariam run away when she saw what happened to Samia?A.To get some water.B.To call a first aider.C.To inform Samias mother.D.To fetch some cream.答案D解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Mariam suggested applying some co
103、ld cream on Samias hand and ran off and returned with some in her hand.”可知,Mariam是急救医生,她建议将冷的奶油涂在Samia的手上,于是跑开去拿奶油,而且很快拿了一些回来。故选D项。11.How did Samias mother feel facing the emergency?A.Regretful.B.Calm.C.Powerful.D.Nervous.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Mum took control and phoned Salem but in vain.Without hesit
104、ation,she took Samia to the hospital urgently.”可知,在大家不知所措的时候,是Samia的妈妈控制了局面,在给新郎Salem打电话无果的情况下,她毫不犹豫地与Samia的父亲和其他朋友紧急将她送到医院。在整个过程中,她显得干练、冷静,故选B项。D主题语境:人与环境电子垃圾建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4The United Nations (UN) warned that waste from discarded(废弃的) electronics like mobile phones,laptops and refrigerators is pi
105、ling up worldwide,and it urged far better recycling of the often hazardous rubbish.A full 44.7 million tons of e-waste was produced around the world in 2016,up 8% from two years earlier,and thats equal to 4,500 Eiffel Towers,according to a report.By 2021,the world will likely be filled with a full 5
106、2.2 million tons of such waste,which today consists mainly of fridges,washing machines and other domestic appliances,but also increasingly mobile phones and computers.At the same time,this waste,which can cause serious risks to human health and the environment,is rarely recycled or properly discarde
107、d,with most of it ending up at dumpsites(垃圾站) or in incinerators(焚化炉),according to the report.Only 20% of all e-waste,or 8.9 million tons,produced last year was documented as properly recycled.Perhaps the most promising way to reducing e-waste is a system where consumers no longer purchase devices,b
108、ut instead only the services they provide,Ruediger Kuehr of UNUs Sustainable Cycles Programme told AFP.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了现在电子产品带来大量垃圾,这种会对人类的健康和环境造成严重的危害的垃圾很少被回收或妥善处理。12.What does the underlined word “hazardous” in the first paragraph mean?A.Harmful.B.Beneficial.C.Unmanageable.D.Easy-going.答案A解析词义猜测题。由第
109、四段第一句中的“At the same time,this waste,which can cause serious risks to human health and the environment,is rarely recycled or properly discarded”可知,这种垃圾是有害的。hazardous的意思是“有害的”。故选A项。13.How was e-waste around the world in 2016?A.The amount of e-waste was less than that in 2014.B.The amount of e-waste wa
110、s more than that in 2014.C.The amount of e-waste was as high as Eiffel Tower.D.The amount of e-waste was the same as that in 2014.答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的“e-waste was produced around the world in 2016,up 8% from two years earlier”可知,2016年全球产生的电子垃圾,要比两年前多。故选B项。14.If people dont recycle or properly handle
111、 much e-waste in future,.A.it will cost people a lot of moneyB.it will bring risks to peoples lifeC.it will take up a lot of places in the worldD.it will do harm to human health and the environment答案D解析细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知,如果人们不回收或处理不当,这种垃圾会对人类的健康和环境造成严重的危害。故选D项。15.What can we learn from the last paragra
112、ph?A.Kuehr hopes to supply more services to people.B.Kuehr hopes people use less electronic production.C.Properly using electronic production is very important.D.The most promising way to reducing e-waste has been found.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段可推知,库尔认为减少电子垃圾的最可行的方法是构建一个系统,在这个系统中消费者不再购买设备。故选B项。第四组A主题语境:人与社会志
113、愿服务建议用时:4实际用时:正答率:/3(2019广东潮州二模)Volunteering abroad is a great way to help others,improve your skills and become a more confident,independent person.If you are interested in volunteering abroad,here are some places to go.AustraliaIf you seek a life on the beach,in a great climate with friendly peopl
114、e,Australia might be your best bet.With thousands of volunteers already signing up to leave for Australia during the holidays,it will be a very popular option.BrazilThis vast country has some great opportunities on offer and is especially popular this year.A lot of volunteer work is available in Bra
115、zil centers on conservation and ecological projects.With the worlds largest rainforest in Brazil,of which huge part is in danger,there are lots of different jobs you can do.KenyaKenya is the destination for those seeking an African experience.Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages (孤儿院) or
116、 with local children living in slums (贫民窟).There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in poverty,so if you truly feel like making a difference to a community,Kenya should be at the top of your list.Costa RicaGolden sandy beaches,clear coastlines and beautiful cities ar
117、e what Costa Rica is all about.Because of its small size,you can see a lot of the country in just a short time.You can really make the most of your time as a volunteer.A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological work,so if you want to look after turtles (海龟) on the beach,Costa Rica could be
118、 just the place for you.【语篇解读】文章介绍的是四个不同的国家的志愿者所从事的不同的事情的具体信息。1.Where will you probably go if you are interested in protecting the environment?A.Australia.B.Brazil.C.Kenya.D.Costa Rica.答案B解析推理判断题。由文章第三段中的“With the worlds largest rainforest in Brazil,of which huge part is in danger,there are lots of
119、different jobs you can do.”可知,巴西的热带雨林正受到威胁,所以你如果对环境保护有兴趣就去巴西吧!故选B项。2.What can be inferred from the passage that volunteers in Kenya mainly work with?A.Children.B.The elderly.C.Animals.D.Plants.答案A解析细节理解题。由第四段中的“Generally volunteers in Kenya work in orphanages or with local children living in slums.”
120、可知,志愿者主要是照顾孩子,故选A项。3.What should you do if you choose to go to Costa Rica?A.Surf with children in the water.B.Take care of trees in the forests.C.Work with animals on the beach.D.Look after children who have lost their parents.答案C解析细节理解题。由文章最后一段中的“A lot of work is needed with wildlife and ecological
121、 work,so if you want to look after turtles on the beach,Costa Rica could be just the place for you.”可知,在哥斯达黎加你可以照顾海龟。故选C项。B主题语境:人与自然冰岛之旅所感建议用时:6实际用时:正答率:/4(2019山东省实验中学4月质检)I have three kids and a great husband and Im enjoying a career that I find challenging and fun.To the outside world,this feels l
122、ike“Success.”But there is still a voice in my heart asking if this is who I truly am.Only in silence do I hear the self and wonder who that person might be.So I booked a trip to find out.I travelled,for the first time,without my husband or kids.I went to Iceland with a friend,who shares an appreciat
123、ion for wilderness and silence.For six days,we were immersed(沉浸)in wild,raw scenery and real weatherall kinds of weather.Climbing a mountain against rain and returning to a tent for a simple meal reminds you how little you actually need.And how strong it feels to be uncomfortable sometimes.I found s
124、ilence in Iceland,and time to consider the me outside of career and the me outside of kids as I shared stories with strangers.When I stopped talking and just listened,I became more generous.I learned that choosing to be generous can create more space,more food and more warmth.But I didnt really gain
125、 any better appreciation of what I want from life or my job.I suspect the anxiety that drove me to seek silence in Iceland was losing sight of my ability to choose gratitude and joy,and to be present in the challenges I set in my career and my family.I came home to noise,rush and love;with no less c
126、onfusion on who I want to be.I know the answer isnt waiting out there on the top of a mountain in Iceland.The answer is in front of me with every step on my own lifes path,and in every choice I make.【语篇解读】 为了寻找真正的自我,作者踏上冰岛之旅。回来之后,她意识到答案不在遥远的冰岛,而在平平淡淡的日常工作与生活中。4.Why did the author take a trip to Icel
127、and?A.To gain a new experience.B.To enjoy family happiness.C.To better understand herself.D.To appreciate natural beauty.答案C解析细节理解题。由第一段倒数第二句可知,作者之所以暂时放下工作与家人前往冰岛,是为了寻找真正的自我,故选C项。5.What do we learn about the authors trip?A.Exciting.B.Difficult.C.Relaxing.D.Adventurous.答案B解析推理判断题。由第三段中的“we were immer
128、sed(沉浸)in wild,raw scenery and real weatherall kinds of weather”可知,作者在冰岛期间遭遇各种恶劣天气、饮食简单,并且体验到了种种不舒适。可知作者的旅途是“困难的”,故选B项。6.What change happened to the author?A.She felt lonelier.B.She felt more anxious.C.She became more caring.D.She became more confident.答案C解析细节理解题。由第五段的“I became more generous.I learn
129、ed that choosing to be generous can create more space,more food and more warmth”可知,作者在冰岛旅游期间最大的变化是变得更加慷慨大方,经常与陌生人分享。故选C项。7.What will the author do in the future?A.Go back to nature.B.Face reality bravely.C.Travel to Iceland more often.D.Pay less attention to her feelings.答案B解析推理判断题。由倒数第二段可知,作者意识到冰岛之
130、旅有点让自己逃避生活与工作中的挑战;找到自我的答案,不在遥远的冰岛,而在日常生活中所走的每一步、所做的每一次选择。由此判断选B项。C主题语境:人与社会科技发展建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4(2019安徽合肥六中考前冲刺)There are billions of people on this planet,and many of us love to eat meat.In 2018 alone,the average American will consume more than 100 kg of red meat,according to a report from the US D
131、epartment of Agriculture (USDA).At the same time,the environmental impact caused by meat consumptionwaste,animal treatment,health issues and even the greenhouse gas effectshas given rise to a number of startups (新兴企业) looking for ways to fill our growing demand for meat.But can the demand be filled
132、in a sustainable and affordable way?A bunch of companies are not only optimistic but are working to make this happen sooner.All of these companies harvest cells from animals and grow them in a lab.For example,San Francisco-based Memphis Meats is developing cell-based meats in its laboratories by man
133、ufacturing fat and muscle cells without requiring any animals.And dont worry if youre not a meat lover.Startups such as Jet Eat,which is based in Israel,are working on food products grown in labs that are plant-based and produce meats using natural ingredients while still maintaining flavor,consiste
134、ncy and the “overall sensory experience”.As you can imagine,there are plenty of hurdles facing the industry.Educating the public is a big one.Another controversial issue is the labelling of the products.Meat industry trade groups have been pressing the USDA to more strictly regulate alternative meat
135、s,labeled as “imitation products”.Many of us have concerns about the challenges facing future generations as our global population swells and the earths natural resources shrink.The good news is that there are plenty of companies around the worldlike those producing lab-grown meatswho are working to
136、 solve some of these problems and make a few bucks in the process.Nothing wrong with that.【语篇解读】为了满足人类不断增长的对肉类的需求,又兼顾环境影响,很多公司开始制造人造肉,虽然困难重重,但是前景光明。8.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A.Protecting the meat industry.B.Promoting a healthy lifestyle.C.Reducing meat c
137、onsumption gradually.D.Meeting human demands for meat sustainably.答案D解析词义猜测题。由第一段中的“But can the demand be filled in a sustainable and affordable way?”以及第二段中的“A bunch of companies are not only optimistic but are working to make this happen sooner.All of these companies harvest cells from animals and
138、grow them in a lab.”可知,this指代满足人们对肉类的需求,又不损害环境,而很多公司正在使之成为现实,故选D项。9.What kind of meat does Jet Eat produce?A.It tastes as good as real meat.B.It is harvested directly from animals.C.It looks like plants completely.D.It contains fat and muscle cells.答案A解析推理判断题。由第二段中的“Startups such as Jet Eat,which is
139、 based in Israel,are working on food products grown in labs that are plant-based and produce meats using natural ingredients while still maintaining flavor,consistency and the overall sensory experience.”可知,新兴企业,例如一家位于以色列的公司Jet Eat,正在致力于研发基于植物的人造肉,用天然原材料来生产,但又保持肉类的味道和吃肉的快感,故选A项。10.According to the p
140、assage,how can consumers tell the lab-grown meat?A.By receiving public education.B.By referring to the label.C.By observing it closely.D.By consulting the USDA.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段中的“Meat industry trade groups have been pressing the USDA to more strictly regulate alternative meats,labeled as imitation pr
141、oducts.”可知,很多肉类公司对美国农业部施加压力,要求对人造肉进行更加严格的管理,把人造肉标为仿制肉,故消费者可以通过标签来识别人造肉,选B项。11.What is the text mainly about?A.Extraordinary jobs done by new startups.B.Lab-grown meat ready to feed the world.C.Effective strategies applied when shopping.D.The existing threat faced by humans.答案B解析主旨大意题。纵观全文可以看出:文章主要讲述
142、为了满足人类不断增长的对肉类的需求,又兼顾环境影响,很多公司开始制造人造肉,虽然困难重重,但是前景不错,故选B项。D主题语境:人与社会科技发展建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4The regular world presented to us by our five sensesyou could call it reality 1.0is not always the most user-friendly of places.We get lost in unfamiliar cities;we meet people whose language we dont understand.So
143、 why not try the improved version:augmented reality (AR) or reality 2.0?AR technology adds computer-produced images (图像) on the real world via a mobile phone camera or special video glasses.Early forms of AR are already here.With the right downloads,smart phones can deliver information about nearby
144、ATMs and restaurants and other points of interest.But thats just the beginning.A few years from now the quantity of information available will have increased hugely.You will not only see that theres a Chinese restaurant on the next block,but you will be able to see the menu and read reviews of it.Th
145、is is where the next revolution in computing will take place:in the interface(界面) between the real world and the information brought to us via the Internet.Imagine bubbles floating before your eyes,filled with cool information about anything and everything that you see in front of you.Lets jump ahea
146、d to ten years from now.A person trying to fix their car wont be reading a book with pictures;they will be wearing a device that projects animated 3-D computer graphics onto the equipment under repair,labelling parts and giving step-by-step guidance.The window onto the AR world can be a smart phone
147、or special video glasses.But in ten years time these will have been replaced by contact lenses (隐形眼镜) with tiny LEDs,which present something at a readable distance in front of the eye.So a deaf person wearing these lenses will be able to see what people are saying.The question is,while we are all ab
148、sorbed in our new augmented reality worlds,how will we be communicating with each other?【语篇解读】文章介绍了AR技术的发展,及将给人们工作、生活带来的巨大变化。AR技术是下一场信息技术革命。12.What does the text mainly talk about?A.The next information technology revolution.B.Early forms of augmented reality technology.C.The differences between rea
149、lity 1.0 and reality 2.0.D.The relationship between people living in reality 2.0.答案A解析主旨大意题。文章介绍了AR技术的发展,及将给人们工作生活带来的巨大变化,比如你可以直接戴上仪器,然后直接由显示器上的图表自行修复,失聪的人可以通过眼前的隐形眼镜上的视频观看某人的说话内容等。故选A项。13.What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 2?A.The menu.B.The block.C.The revolution.D.The restau
150、rant.答案D解析词义猜测题。由本段前面信息可知,通过网络,你不仅可以查看下一个街区中餐馆的位置,还可以查看该餐馆的菜单和人们对它的评论。因此,it指代的是那个餐馆,故选D项。14.What are tiny LEDs used to do?A.Protect peoples eyes.B.Show text and images.C.Warn users of dangers.D.Replace video glasses.答案B解析细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“.with tiny LEDs,which present something at a readable distance i
151、n front of the eye.”可知,这种装在隐形眼镜上的LED是用来在人的眼前可读范围内展示某些东西的设备;后面有举例:失聪的人戴上这种隐形眼镜后可以看见人们所讲的是什么东西,故选B项。15.Whats the authors attitude towards AR technology?A.Doubtful.B.Disapproving.C.Favourable.D.Ambiguous.答案C解析观点态度题。作者在第一段告诉我们reality 1.0反映给人们的信息不准确,对用户不友好,比如在陌生城市会迷路;我们会遇到听不懂的语言等。作者提出为什么不试一试reality 1.0的升级版reality 2.0 (AR technology)呢,由此可知,作者对该技术持肯定态度,故选C项。
