1、2017-2018学年寒假作业英语试题（八） 一阅读理解（共16小题；共32分）A We buy things, use them, then throw away the packaging, largely unaware that most of our trash ends up in landfills where it can sit for decades, polluting the soil and ecosystems around it. Reducing the amount of garbage we produce in the first place is one
2、 of the best ways to save the planet. From Jan. 1 to Dec. 31, 2012, I saved every piece of my garbage. No, Im not homeless, and I didnt lose my mind. Keeping all my trash meant literally living with the impact of my daily decisions, which led me to make dramatic changes in my lifestyle. I should cla
3、rify that I saved all my non-biodegradable(不能生物降解的) trash-things like glass, foam, and plastics, which dont rot naturally. I set aside banana peels, coffee grounds, eggshells, and other biodegradable waste for composting(制成堆肥). Just as I washed my dishes, I scrubbed my soda cans, potato chip bags, a
4、nd juice bottles with soap and water and hung them on my dish rack to dry. Doesnt your trash stink? people often asked. As long as I washed and dried everything, it didnt smell. I believe that waste is actually a resource that can be used rather than discarded. Saving my trash allowed me to recycle
5、or repurpose it. Rather than throw out my plastic bags, Ill put them into plastic bottles that can be used as bricks to build bus stops, benches, and even houses. This spring, I was part of a group of students at the University of California, Davis, who used plastic bricks to create a bench for the
6、campus. Though I wont be saving all my trash again this year, my experience has permanently changed my consumption habits. Every time I go to the grocery store, I bring reusable bags. And I avoid consuming drinks from glass bottles. In short, Ill never again be able to buy anything without pausing t
7、o ask myself: Is this really something I need? Is there a way to get it that involves less waste? I also hope that all people will see waste as just a resource in the wrong place.1. The underlined word discarded in Paragraph 4 means .A. recycledB. valuedC. thrown outD. handed over2. We can learn fro
8、m the text that the author .A. kept his trash in the garageB. saved garbage for half a yearC. made the best use of his trashD. will continue to save his trash3. According to the last paragraph, the authors experience .A. gave him much pleasure and joyB. allowed him to save a lot of moneyC. made him
9、show little interest in shoppingD. increased his awareness of the need to reduce waste4. The text is mainly about .A. how garbage ended up polluting the soilB. how trash changes our modern lifestyleC. the authors experience of saving garbageD. the authors good consumption habitsB When we read newspa
10、pers, we often come across the word pollution. This word was not familiar to the people many years ago. But now, it is a serious threat to us because it means the poisoning of the air, seas, rivers and lands, which would do harm to our health. There are many factories that bring pollution to us. We
11、can not have fresh air in the morning. This is mainly because of the harmful smoke coming from factories, especially chemical ones. The burning produces wastes, some of which remain in the air, causing air pollution. Nearly all of the countries are trying hard to prevent and control air pollution. I
12、n rivers, seas and oceans, there are industrial wastes. Some factories just throw their wastes into seas or let them flow into rivers. When people drink the water from such rivers, they get poisoned. Besides, there is rubbish from ships and sometimes when an accident happens in an ocean, oil flows o
13、ut from tankers. On land, the accumulation(堆积的) of rubbish in the streets may dirty the city and be bad for our health. This is because people cant deal with rubbish in a right way. If we do not fight against pollution, surely one day all of us will be killed. Some people like to put the blame on th
14、e industrial revolutions(革命). On the contrary, the pollution problem will be solved only with the help of modern science and technology. People will continually find new ways to control pollution. However, we may still have a long way to go before we have a clean world.5. The underlined word poisoni
15、ng in Paragraph 1 probably means .A. dealing with the rubbishB. making the air and water dirtyC. bringing in something goodD. making the air and water clean6. How can we fight against pollution?A. To rely on the help of science and technology.B. To prevent the industrial revolutions.C. To control ai
16、r pollution only.D. To stop the production of the factory.7. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is TRUE?A. We have found the best way to solve the pollution problem.B. We can reduce the ships to control the water pollution.C. The rubbish in the streets isnt bad for peoples he
17、alth.D. Pollution is a serious threat to us.8. What is the main idea of the text?A. How to deal with the rubbish in the streets.B. The problem of the oil from tankers.C. The problem of controlling the industrial wastes.D. The serious pollution problems of water and air.C The scene in the Hollywood m
18、ovie The Day After Tomorrow, where global warming could soon turn the global climate(气候)into a new ice age, may never occur, according to new research. The next ice age could be 15,000 years away, say European scientists who last month announced a continuous record of 740,000 years of climate date(数
19、据)obtained from the Antarctic ice. Scientists from 10 nations have now almost completely drilled through a 3,000-meter depth of ice high in the Antarctic mainland. They figure out that the area where summer temperatures can fall to, has at least 900,000 years of snowfalls, kept as neatly as the grow
20、th rings of a tree. And the ice and air caught in each layer(层)have begun to answer questions about the climates in the past. The results show that there have been eight ice ages in the past 740,000 years and eight warmer periods. And by comparing the pattern of global conditions today with those of
21、 the past, the researchers reported in Nature that the present warm period could last another 15,000 years. Research suggests that there is a very close connection between greenhouse gas levels and global average temperatures. It also shows that carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)levels are the highest for at leas
22、t 440,000 years. “ If people say to you: the greenhouse effect is a good thing because we would go into an ice age otherwise, our date say no, a new ice age is not hanging over our heads, ” said Eric Wolff from the British Antarctic Survey. “ Now we have eight examples of how the climate goes in and
23、 out of ice ages and you can learn what the rules are that go into the climate models that tell us about the future. ” Scientists found that whenever temperatures rose in the frozen record, so did carbon dioxide level. “ In 440,000 years we have never seen greenhouse gas get as thick as it is today,
24、 ” said Dr Wolff.9. In drilling through the ice in Antarctica , scientists have found that .A. the lowest temperature there isB. the depth of ice is 3,000 metersC. the ice has existed for 15,000 yearsD. snowfalls are kept in certain patterns10. The information of the global climate conditions in the
25、 past can be obtained through .A. separating carbon dioxide from the airB. examining the growth rings of treesC. comparing temperatures in different areasD. studying the ice and air caught in each layer11. We can infer from Eric Wolffs words that .A. there is something wrong with the dataB. greenhou
26、se effect is always a bad thingC. a new ice age will not come in the near futureD. greenhouse gas will get thick in the future12. What would be the best title for the passage ?A. Research over the Antarctic areaB. Warm period to last about 15,000 yearsC. Report on the eight ice ages in the pastD. Ho
27、llywood movies and the global climateD Tuvalu, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea. Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalus nine little islands is more than five metres above sea level. Salt water is already e
28、ntering the countrys drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. Without urgent help, the countrys days are numbered. But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24
29、cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 2050 cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Marks Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year. Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalus ri
30、sing sea level is caused by global warming. The average global temperature has increased by almost 0. 5 centigrade degrees over the past century, scientists expect it to rise by extra 13 degrees over the next 100 years. Warmer weather makes glaciers(冰川) melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warm
31、er temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen 1025 cm in the last 100 years. The main cause of global warming is human pollution. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atm
32、osphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer. Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. The sea level could rise by one meter this century. Should this come true, the sea will swallow up mi
33、llions of homes and the world will be flooded with climate refugees looking for somewhere to live.13. We can infer from the second paragraph that .A. Tuvalu is in danger of being swallowed up by the seaB. all Tuvalus islands are about five metres above the sea levelC. drinking water in Tuvalu has be
34、en destroyedD. Tuvalu is often flooded by storms and waves14. The author uses Tuvalu and Venice as examples in order to explain .A. they are the first places sinking into the seaB. they are both sinking into the mud where they standC. they will disappear in the futureD. their trouble is caused by gl
35、obal warming15. What does climate refugees mean?A. People who are forced away from their homeland by climate.B. Climate changes.C. Rare animals.D. Climate effect.16. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Tuvalus nine little islands are less than five meters above the sea lev
36、el.B. The average global temperature has risen by 13 centigrade degrees over the past 100 years.C. The warmer temperature causes the sea level to rise.D. There will be huge climate changes unless the warming is stopped.二、短文7选5（共5小题；共10分） I packed, and was ready to leave for my two-day trip. I had be
37、en occupied with (忙于) my work. Id been busy preparing for the trip for the last few days, and now Id be gone for a few more. 17. my thoughts turned to my kids. How to keep in touch with your kids when youre busy or far away is a difficult problem many fathers have. Men tend to focus on (专注于) one thi
38、ng extremely well for long periods, 18. Moving from work to family isnt always the easiest thing. And if you dont show your kids that youre thinking about them, they may think that you dont care. As I started down the road, I suddenly stopped the car and turned around, 19. and wrote a short message
39、to each of my children. I put each in a “secret ” place where I knew theyd find it. When I called the next night, they both said excitedly,“20. when did you do that?” My heart was warmed when I heard this. It was such a small thing, but had a big impact on them. It was their “proof” that I was think
40、ing about them. And it was encouragement for me to continue to do the small things that had a big impact. As fathers get busier and work longer hours, they tend to forget the importance of the little things. 21. Take a moment to do the small things for your kids. It wont seem small to them, but this
41、 can lead to trouble.A. Dont miss opportunities to show your kids how important they are.B. I drove back to my house, found a couple of cardsC. So they have no time with their families.D. As I got into the car to leave, E. I thought about my children.F. Daddy, I got your card,G. But this can lead to
42、 trouble.三、完形填空（共20小题；共30分） The environment is very important for all living things. Life wont be possible 22 the environment becomes too polluted. Everything will be in 23 when the pollution of our environment becomes worse and worse. Many people are very 24 about what have happened in the earth. T
43、hey 25 that more people pay more attentions to our environment for living in a 26 life. In the past, there were 27 many forests and clean water for all people. But recently, many people are showing 28 for the present situation of our environment. Because forests are being 29 and water resources are
44、polluted 30 in some places. The 31 of these things is the non-cooperation of most people in taking care of the environment. It is our 32 to protect the environment. There 33 be a great change in the environment. No doubt. During this process, we need to do things 34 . More haste, less speed. Otherwi
45、se, the world will be filled with 35 . Just look at how much will be 36 from the toxic(有毒的) wastes if each one of us will learn to 37 the three most important ways of minimizing pollution. Reduce, recycle, and reuse are still the best ways to take care of the 38 . If everyone cooperates and helps ta
46、ke care of the environment, 39 Mother Earth could still be saved from 40 . The environment is very important and if we cannot take care of it, we will soon 41 the consequences of mans abuse(滥用) of the environment. It is not too late for us to help each other in order to take care of the environment
47、and make Mother Earth a better place to live in. We should do what we should do.22.A. ifB. unlessC. thusD. after23.A. dangerB. needC. troubleD. situation24.A. encouragedB. worriedC. delightedD. confused25.A. explainB. promiseC. agreeD. hope26.A. troubledB. regretfulC. comfortableD. hopeless27.A. alm
48、ostB. stillC. nearlyD. never28.A. interestB. doubtC. suggestionD. concern29.A. cut downB. cut offC. sold outD. cleared out30.A. lightlyB. seriouslyC. bitterlyD. merely31.A. spiritB. causeC. wayD. sign32.A. fondnessB. responsibilityC. purposeD. right33.A. mightB. needC. couldD. may34.A. patientlyB. e
49、agerlyC. easilyD. proudly35.A. happinessB. sadnessC. curiosityD. honest36.A. stoppedB. protectedC. escapedD. reduced37.A. giveB. setC. useD. search38.A. waterB. strengthC. environmentD. pollution39.A. perhapsB. sometimesC. generallyD. always40.A. destroyB. developmentC. inventionD. found41.A. getB.
50、refuseC. forgetD. require四、语法填空（共10小题；共10分） All scientists subscribe 42. the view that it is human activities that have caused the global warming. Huge 43. (quantity) of carbon dioxide produced by burning fuels like coal, natural gas and oil 44. (result) in the greenhouse effect. All scientists also
51、 agree that the levels of carbon dioxide keep on 45. (increase), so more heat energy tends to be 46. (trap) in the atmosphere. 47. the scientists have different attitudes towards this phenomenon. On the one hand, some think the 48. （trend）of increasing the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastr
52、ophe. On the other hand, others are 49. （oppose） to this view and believe that there will be few bad environmental 50. （consequence） caused by more carbon dioxide. On the contrary, they think it will be beneficial to plants, crops and a greater range of animals, 51. will make peoples life better.五、短
53、文改错(不分行)（共10小题；共10分）文中共有10处语言错误，请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。 Once a man got on a bus for New York. He hid herself in the toilet, because he did not want to pay. But the passenger saw him. She tapped the person in front of her on the shoulder and say, “Theres a bum(流浪汉) i
54、n the toilet. Tell the bus driver.” The message was pass from person to person. But anywhere along the way, it told that there was a bomb in the toilet. He immediate stopped bus and telephoned the police. When the police came, they told the passengers to get off the bus or stay far away. Then they c
55、losed the highway, which resulted from a traffic jam. The police searched for several hour. Of course they found no bomb at all!六：书面表达(满分25分)最近，某英语报社就全球变暖这一话题向在校高中生征稿，请你根据以下表格信息，写一篇100词左右的英语短文投稿。原因二氧化碳的排放森林减少大气污染、环境破坏应对措施减少二氧化碳排放种草种树、保护环境不用一次性产品参考词汇：排放物 emissions一次性的 disposable 英语试题（八）参考答案一、阅读理解1-4.
56、 CCDC5-8. B AD D9-12. D DCB13-16. ADAB二、短文7选5 17. D18. G19. B20. F21. A三、完形填空22. A23. A24 B25. D26. C27. B28. D29. A30. B31. B32. B33. B34. A35. B36. D37. C38. C39. A40. A41. A四、语法填空42. to 43. quantities 44. have resulted 45. increasing 46. trapped47. But 48. trend 49. opposed 50. consequences 51. w
57、hich五、短文改错(不分行)1. herself改为himself 2. passenger前的the改为a 3. say改为said4. pass改为passed 5. anywhere改为somewhere 6. told前加was7. immediate改为immediately 8. or改为and 9. from改为in10. hour改为hours六写作As is known to all, global warming has done great harm to Earth. There are several reasons for global warming. Firs
58、tly, carbon dioxide emissions are to blame. Secondly, more and more forests have been cut down. Thirdly, the air is being polluted and the environment is being damaged.In my opinion, to stop Earth from becoming warmer and warmer, we must firstly try our best to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Secondly, we should plant more grass and trees and take effective measures to protect the environment. Lastly, we should not use disposable products.Lets make a great effort together to stop global warming and make Earth a better place to live in.