1、Period 6Summing Up and Learning Tip教学目标1语言知识目标：掌握本单元的重点词汇的用法，限制性定语从句的特征和关系词的使用。2语言能力目标：灵活运用本单元的重点词汇，并能够运用限制性定语从句。3情感态度与文化意识目标：通过讨论，明白助人的意义，帮助自己树立正确的人生观。重点难点1教学重点：能够正确地运用重点词汇和限制性定语从句造句，并且完成语篇输出。2教学难点：运用重点词汇和限制性定语从句进行语篇输出。教学准备1学生的学习准备：a.复习课文内容、重点词汇和语法项目(限制性定语从句)；b再次修改自己的关于巴布亚新几内亚生活状况和风俗习惯的习作。2教师的教学准备：
2、准备各种类型的练习，以检查学生对于本单元的掌握情况。3教学用具的设计和准备：多媒体课件。教学过程Step 1Revising the passage1Retell the passage on Page 29 with the help of some key phrases：hear from；be dying to；a bush school；Science；a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof；platform；leftover food；privilege2Answer some questions about the
3、 passage：(1)Whats the letter mainly about?(2)Why did the writer send Rosemary some photos?(3)Why was the high school called a bush school?(4)Were the boys and villagers friendly to Jo？How do you know?(5)Why was science the most challenging subject for Jo?(6)What do you think impressed the writer mos
4、t when she paid a visit to her student Tombes home?(7)What do you think are the positive and negative things about living in a village in Papua New Guinea?3Get the students to exchange their compositions with their partners and correct them.Read several good compositions aloud in class if time permi
5、ts.设计说明 前两个练习(根据关键词复述课文和回答问题)可以任选一个，作为对课文内容的回顾。第三个练习是学生互相批改作文(在阅读课后作为家庭作业布置的：用100词左右写写村落的生活状况和风俗习惯)，同样可以起到复习课文内容、加深理解的作用。Step 2Words and useful expressions1句型转换：(1)On my way to the market，I happily met my old friend by chance，whom I hadnt seen for many years.On my way to the market，I happily _ _ my
6、old friend，whom I hadnt seen for many years.(2)He is very worried as he havent received any letter from his girlfriend for a long time.He is very worried because he havent _ _ his girlfriend for a long time.(3)Im eager to know the result of the final examination and even cant eat and sleep well for
7、that.Im _ _know the result of the final examination and even cant eat and sleep well for that.(4)Dont worry！I can take as many as four people in my car.Dont worry！I can take _ _ four people in my car.Keys：(1)came across(2)heard from(3)dying to(4)up to2翻译句子：(1)孩子们发现很难适应新的学校。(adjust to)(2)他不会借钱给我，那是肯定
8、的。(for sure)(3)志愿者工作会给巴布亚新几内亚的人们带来不同吗？(make a difference)(4)我们将组织一些活动给困难中的孩子筹集一些钱。(in need)(5)汤贝的父亲领我们走进他的家，一个屋顶上伸出一簇茅草的低矮的竹屋。(stick out)(6)我们学校的许多学生都参加了志愿者活动。(participate in)(7)跟汤贝一家度过一天，真是一种殊荣。(It is a privilege to.)Suggested answers：(1)Children found it difficult to adjust to the new school.(2)He
9、 will not lend me any money，and thats for sure.(3)Will the voluntary work make any differences to the people in PNG?(4)Some activities will be organized to collect money for children in need./We will organize some activities to collect money for children in need.(5)Tombes father led us to his house，
10、a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof.(6)Many students in our school have participated in the volunteer activities.(7)It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family.设计说明在语言知识复习部分，设计了两个练习(句型转换和翻译句子)，目的在于帮助学生掌握本单元一些重要词组的用法和使用语境。另外，还可以将翻译设计为以下形式：(1)孩子们发现很难适应新的学校。Children
11、found it difficult to _ _the new school.(2)他不会借钱给我，那是肯定的。He will not lend me any money，and thats _ _.Step 3Grammar1Make a chart of the relative pronouns and adverbs.限制性定语从句关系词一览表先行词是物 先行词是人先行词是人/物先行词是地点名词先行词是时间名词先行词通常为reason主宾主宾定状状状关系代词whichthatwhowhomwhose关系副词wherewhenwhy2.Fill in the blanks with p
12、roper relative pronouns or adverbs.(1)Hangzhou is a city _ there is a beautiful lake.(2)Hangzhou is a city _ has a beautiful lake.(3)Can you tell me the date _ Lincoln was killed?(4)Can you tell me the date on _ Lincoln was killed?(5)The school _ I studied had modern equipment.(6)The school _ was bu
13、ilt last year had modern equipment.(7)This is the factory _ he visited last year.(8)This is the factory _ he once worked.(9)Ill never forget the days _ we played together in the country.(10)Ill never forget the days _ we spent together in the country.(11)Do you know the reason_she was late?(12)This
14、teacher，with _ son I work，is liked by all the students.Keys：(1)where(2)which/that(3)when(4)which(5)where(6)which/that(7)which/that(8)where(9)when(10)which/that(11)why(12)whose设计说明如果学生程度较好，教师可以指导他们根据语法课上的知识自己编制表格，程度较弱，教师就给出表格框架，由学生填上五角星标注的部分，以此帮助学生复习限制性定语从句，之后再做“用合适的关系代词或关系副词填空”的练习，进一步巩固语法。Step 4Lear
15、ning tip1Q：Why do the people do volunteer work?(Volunteering gives people the chance to explore avenues that would not usually be open to them.This experience enables an exchange of cultural and social contact between volunteers and their host nationals.It enables people to learn new skills and lang
16、uages，to develop and gain practical experience in the field，in sometimes demanding conditions，and to develop leadership and teamwork skills.In addition，personal development which is difficult to evaluate，is one of the greatest benefits to working and travelling among people from different cultures.)
17、T：We should help with each other，not only in life，but also in study.2Read Learning Tip.3Fill in the form of Summing Up and collect the students forms. 设计说明这个单元的主题是互助合作。讨论加深了学生对于志愿者工作和互助合作的理解。Learning Tip说到了学习方面的互相合作，这对于学生的英语学习有指导意义。最后要求填写本单元的总结表格。教师可以把表格打印出来，在学生完成后，收好学生的表格，以更好地了解学生对于本单元内容的掌握。About P
18、apua New GuineaGeographyPapua New Guinea is the largest developing country in the South Pacific region.Its 463 000 square kilometers of land area，a sea area of 3.12 million square kilometers and 600 separate islands make up one of the most diverse repositories of geographic，biological，linguistic and
19、 cultural wealth on earth.PNG has more than 5% of the worlds biodiversity in less than 1% of the worlds total land area.PopulationAccording to the 2000 Census，between 1980 and 2000 PNGs population grew by an annual average rate of 2.7% to 5.19 million.The Southern Highlands Province，followed by West
20、ern New Britain，recorded the highest population growth of 4.2% and 3.8% respectively.Approximately half of PNGs total population is under 19 years old.Most of the population lives in rural communities based on the traditional village structure and dependent on subsistence farming supplemented by cas
21、h cropping.Only 1520% of Papua New Guineans live in the main urban areas of Port Moresby，Lae，Madang，Mt Hagan and Goroka.EconomyPNG has a relatively small dual economy，comprising a formal and informal economy.The formal economy is dominated by largescale resource projects，particularly in mining and p
22、etroleum，and provides a large proportion of government revenue.The informal economy supports 85% of the people through semisubsistence agriculture.The formal sector employs around 15% of the workforce.PNG has an abundance of natural resources including：Large reserves of minerals Extensive forestry a
23、nd fishery assets Significant potential for agricultural expansion Many beautiful locations with potential for ecological and cultural tourism.Despite the potential of these resources，PNGs economic performance has fallen short of expectations.Economic growth has not kept up with population growth an
24、d performance varies considerably from year to year.During 2004，PNGs economy grew because of buoyant commodity prices and good fiscal management by government.Increased foreign reserves and a strengthened Kina helped inflation and interest rates remain low.With moderate GDP growth，rising tax receipt
25、s and reduced government borrowing costs，the PNG Governments fiscal deficit is expected to remain small，despite a modest surplus in 2004.However，with weak medium term revenue prospects，PNG needs to consolidate and build on current economic and fiscal progress and provide social services and a regula
26、tory framework to support broad based economic growth.PNG needs improved accountability and governance mechanisms，including public expenditure management and public sector reform，to promote and safeguard improved productivity.With mining and petroleum sector production forecast to decline from 2006，
27、major challenges for the PNG Government include making good use of existing revenue，expanding the nonmining sector and ensuring economic stability through continued political and social reforms.Social indicatorsPNGs population has suffered significant declines in living standards in recent years due
28、 to worsening economic performance.Although the country does not exhibit the widespread abject poverty present in some developing countries，poor health and social indicators show that poverty is a real problem.PNGs main social indicators，such as life expectancy and maternal and child mortality rates
29、，show improvements since 1975，but are still well below the averages for lower middle income countries(LMICs)PNG still has limited primary health care.Infectious diseases are claiming many lives，and there are serious public health risks from endemic diseases such as malaria，and an emerging HIV/AIDS e
30、pidemic.An estimated 1.7% of people in PNG carry the virus.In education，the rate of participation in primary schooling is improving，but it remains lower than in most other countries in the region.Basic social and economic indicatorsLand area452 900 kmSea area 3 120 000 km2Capital Port MoresbyPopulat
31、ion(2000) 5.12 millionPopulation average growth rate(198000) 2.7 per cent a yearUrban population(2004) 13 per centTotal fertility rate(2003) 4.3 births per womanLife expectancy at birth(2003) 57.2 yearsInfant mortality(2003) 69 per 1000 live birthsUnder five mortality rate(2003) 93 per 1000 live bir
32、thsMaternal mortality ratio(2002) 300 per 100 000 deliveriesMalaria incidence(2000) 1688 cases per 100 000 peoplePopulation using improved water sources(2002) 39 per centImmunisation against measles(2003) 49 per cent under 12 monthsEstimated HIV prevalence(2003) 1.7 per cent of total populationAdult
33、 literacy rate(2002) 64.6 per cent of age 15 and aboveFemale adult literacy rate(2002) 57.7 per cent of age 15 and aboveWomen in government(2005) 0.9 per cent of seatsGross national income per person(2003) US$500GDP average growth rate(2003) 3 per cent a yearGDP average growth rate per person(199020
34、02) 0.5 per cent a yearMedicines Sans FrontiersToday MSF is the largest private urgent medical aide NGO in the world.Here are some concrete examples of what MSF does：256 for a medical kit.Thanks to the emergency medical kit，MSF is able to be operational 24 H in any country in the world.For example t
35、he “basic” medical kit allows MSF to treat 1000 people for 3 month.It is meant for the dispensary and consists of all essential medicins，bandages and products to disinfect along with standard medical equipment.24 to treat a cholera patient.The MSF “Cholera” kit allows MSF to face an imminent cholera
36、 epidemic.It contains 4000 L of drips，antibiotics，plastified cover sheets，soap，disinfectant and chlorinated water as well as gloves for the nursing staff.The kit is meant to treat 625 patients and costs 14.876 or 24 per person.179 to transport 100 kilograms of medicins.In 2000，MSF moved 1.548 tonnes
37、 of medicines，medical and logistic equipment to 35 countries.Of course costs differ from destination to destination and from type of transport to type of transport but over half of the goods are transported by plane，a quarter by boat and the rest by road.92 to vaccinate 100 children.The MSF “vaccination” kited is adapted to treat 10.000 people.It contains refrigerators and coldpacks to ensure that the vaccins remain cold，single use needles，vaccins and medical equipment needed for 5 teams of vaccinators.All this for a total cost of 9.231.75.
