1、一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇知其意1statistic n2sunburnt adj. 晒黑的3super adj. 特级的；超级的4output n. 产量；输出5circulate vt.& vi. 循环；流传6occupation n. 工作；职业；占领7organic adj. 8industrial adj. 工业的；产业的9fertilizer n. 肥料；化肥10bacteria n(bacterium的复数形式) 细菌11summary n. 总结；摘要；概要12grain n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒13mineral n. 矿物；矿石14skim vt. 浏览
2、；略读15underline vt. 画底线标出；强调16nutrition n. 营养；滋养；食物17pest n. 害虫；害兽；害鸟18producer n. 生产者；制片人.核心词汇写其形1decade n. 十年；十年期2soil n. 土壤3regret vt. 遗憾；惋惜n. 遗憾；懊悔4comment n. 评论；议论vi.& vt. 表达意见；作出评论5focus n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚焦6therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而7reduce vt. 减少；减缩8struggle vi.& n. 斗争；拼搏；努力9expand vt.& vi. 使变大；伸展
3、10battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争vt.& vi. 搏斗；奋斗.拓展词汇通其变1hunger n饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.(使)饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的2export vt.& vi.输出；出口import vt.& vi.(反义词) 输入；进口3discover vt.发现；发觉discovery n发现；发觉discoverer n发现者4equip vt.& vi.配备；装备equipment n设备(不可数)5confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusion n迷惑；困惑confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑的6n
4、ation n国家；民族national adj.民族的nationality n国籍7disturb v打扰；妨碍；使不安disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbed adj.烦恼的；不安的8free adj.自由的freedom n自由；自主1.“因此”家族therefore adv.so conj.thus adv.consequently adv.as a result2.“扩展”动词知多少expand使变大；伸展extend 延伸；扩展spread 展开；传播enlarge 扩大；扩展broaden 使变宽3.加后缀ment构成的名词面面观equipequi
5、pment装备developdevelopment 发展movemovement 移动establishestablishment 建立employemployment 雇用(二)重点短语记牢用活1thanks_to幸亏；由于；因为2rid.of 使摆脱或除去3be_satisfied_with 对感到满意4would_rather 宁愿；宁可5build_up 逐渐增强；建立；开发6lead_to 导致；造成(后果)7focus_on 集中(注意力、精力等)于8be_rich_in 盛产9keep.free_from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)；使不含(有害物)10in_addition
6、另外；此外1.“此外”知多少in addition 另外；此外whats more 而且as well 也；还besides 况且；此外moreover 而且；此外2.“富含”短语荟萃be rich in 盛产；富含be abundant in 富于be high in 富含3.“beadj.with”高频短语集锦be satisfied with对感到满意be content with 对满意be pleased with 对满意be familiar with 对熟悉be bored with 对厌烦be busy with 忙于be popular with 受欢迎be patient
7、with 对有耐心be strict with 对严格要求(三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：if条件状语从句的省略形式If_so,_what did you do to grow them？如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？句型2：the序数词名词to do sth.In 1973, he became the_first_agricultural_pioneer in the world to_grow_rice that has a high output.1973年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先驱。句型3：“make itadj.to do”结构This spe
8、cial strain of rice makes_it_possible_to_produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获20%的产量。句型4：would rather do sth.宁愿做某事He would_much_rather_keep_time_for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式1(2018江苏卷书面表达)It may influence consumers trust in media and disturb(打扰
9、；妨碍) the market order.2(2019全国卷书面表达 )On behalf of all our team members, I am writing to invite you to join us in the battle(战斗，战役)!3(2019全国卷书面表达)Last but not least, I once worked as a volunteer for World Expo 2010 Shanghai, and therefore(因此) I have accumulated much experience. 4Health and environmen
10、tal problems have increasingly become the focus(焦点) of attention.5Curiosity is important because it leads to discovery(discover) or invention.6Miss Li went through my composition and made some useful comments(comment) about it.语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2018全国卷语法填空)According to the World Bank, China account
11、s for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer consumption.化肥；肥料2(2018北京卷七选五)The main reasons we get angry are triggering(触发) events, personality traits(特征), and our assessment of situations.个性；性格3(全国卷阅读B)No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to adult chil
12、dren and grandchildren.统计数据.派生词练习用所给词的适当形式填空1Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip) 2He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)3The discoverer of electricity
13、was Franklin；like many discoveries,_it benefits us greatly.(discover) 4Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed(disturb)5As long as national types are not taken too seriously, its fun trying to guess a persons nationality from their personality.(nation)6Owin
14、g to the great hunger,_a great number of hungry children died.(hungry) .选词成篇in addition; thanks to; be equipped with; free from; rid.of; lead toIn the 1970s, our country was so poor that some people even didnt have enough to eat. Though the peasants were enthusiastic in working the land, they 1.were
15、 poorly equipped_with farming facilities, 2.leading_to the poor grain output. In order to 3.rid people of hunger, the government launched a battle against poverty, aiming to increase the agricultural production by developing science and technology of farming. 4.Thanks_to the efforts of the governmen
16、t, many people made up their minds to do research into agriculture. Yuan Longping became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output in 1973. 5.In_addition,_he insists that we should make full use of new energy to keep our environment 6.free_from pollution. Yuan L
17、ongping has made such a great contribution to mankind that he is respected and admired by people all over the world. He was awarded Medals of the Republic by Chairman Xi Jinping on September 29th, 2019.完成句子1你赞同我推迟我们去云南的旅行吗？如果赞同，请尽快回信告诉我。Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off? If_so,_wr
18、ite back to tell me about it as soon as possible.2(2018全国卷书面表达)重要的是，老人是第一个品尝餐桌上美食的人，因为在中国，老人很受尊重。Most importantly, the elderly are the_first_to_taste_the_delicious_food because they are well respected in China.3你的微笑是使得你结识新人的最强大的工具之一。Your smile is one of the strongest tools that make_it_possible_for_
19、you_to_meet new people.4现在越来越多的人宁愿不住在大城市里。Nowadays more and more people would_rather_not_live_in_big_cities strugglevi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎基础练习单句语法填空We have to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties from home and abroad.(2018全国卷书面表达)In the short film, you can learn that my school has been struggl
20、ing for a better future.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)Mary had struggled to find a job for months, and finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(高级表达)Having_struggled_to_find_a_job_for_months,_Mary finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(分词作状语)struggle to do sth.努力做某事，挣扎着做某事struggle for.
21、 为而斗争，与作斗争struggle with/against. 同搏斗struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 佳句背诵 Some farmers would like to leave their hometown and go to work in cities, struggling to provide better education for their children.一些农民想离开家乡到城市工作，努力为他们的孩子提供更好的教育。 equipvt.& vi.配备；装备基础练习单句语法填空It is often said that human beings are
22、 naturally equipped to_speak(speak)We want our son to have a good education that will equip him for future life.If it were not the modern equipment(equip), such experiments would not be performed.能力提升句式升级(普通表达)He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is well respected by all his studen
23、ts.(高级表达)Equipped_with_much_experience_in_teaching,_he is well respected by all his students.(过去分词作状语)(高级表达)Equipping_himself_with_much_experience_in_teaching,_he is well respected by all his students.(现在分词作状语)(1)equip.with. 用装备be equipped with 装备着equip.for sth./to do sth. 为了某事/做某事而装备(2)equipment n.
24、 U 装备；设备 佳句背诵 As our new stadium is equipped with advanced facilities, we have organized a variety of events in it.因为新体育馆装备先进的设施， 我们已在体育场举办了各种各样的赛事。(2018全国卷书面表达)名师点津 (1)过去分词短语equipped with.常用作状语。(2)牢记equipment是不可数名词，没有复数形式。 confusevt.使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆基础练习单句语法填空I would often get confused(confuse) when I
25、 came across new words with a similar spelling.I always confuse John with his brother; they are so much alike.能力提升完成句子我对中国的餐桌礼仪非常困惑， 如果你给我一些在晚宴上如何做到行为得体的建议，我将感激不尽。I am_quite_confused_by_Chinese_table_manners. Id appreciate it if you could give me some tips on how to behave properly at a dinner party
26、.confuse.with/and. 混淆；辨别不清be confused by 被弄混；糊涂confused adj. 困惑的；烦恼的confusing adj. 令人费解的；使人困惑的confusion n. 困惑 佳句背诵 For example, there are huge amounts of reference books which I am often confused to choose from.例如，有大量的参考书，我经常会因为选择而感到困惑。(2018江苏卷书面表达) regretv可惜；后悔；遗憾；惋惜n遗憾；懊悔基础练习单句语法填空Li Ping did not
27、regret giving/having_given(give) the comment but felt that she could have expressed it differently.We regret to_inform(inform) you that your application has not been successful.能力提升一句多译很遗憾地告诉你，我不能在约定的时间陪你去北京了。I_regret_to_tell_you that I cant accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret vt.
28、)Much_to_my_regret/To_my_great_regret,_I cant accompany you to Beijing at the appointed time.(regret n)(1)regret后悔做了某事regret to say/tell/inform.that. 遗憾地说/告知(2)with great regret 非常遗憾to ones regret 令某人抱歉/遗憾的是 佳句背诵 It is with great regret that I say goodbye to you, but I never regret having spent such
29、 a good time with you.和你分别我感到非常遗憾， 但我不后悔与你共度了如此美好的时光。 focusvt.集中；聚集n焦点；中心点基础练习单句语法填空To lead a happy life in the future, you should focus more on/upon your career while you are young.With his attention focused(focus) on his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.With so many people focusin
30、g(focus) their eyes on him, he felt very nervous.能力提升完成句子这表明当今社会的一个普遍现象：孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。It shows a common phenomenon nowadays that children are the_focus_of_families,_shouldering the hope of their parents.(1)focus on/upon.集中于focus ones attention/eyes/energy on. 集中注意力/目光/精力于(2)the focus of attentio
31、n/concern 注意力/关注的焦点 佳句背诵 Unless you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus, plan and stay motivated after one or two nights.除非你能睡得好，否则一两个晚上后你就失去集中注意力、做好规划和保持积极性的能力。(2018江苏卷) reducevt.减少；减缩基础练习单句语法填空The government calls on the public to go to work by bicycle instead of by car to_reduce(re
32、duce) air pollution.With great effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days.It was foggy so the driver had to reduce speed to forty kilometres an hour.能力提升完成句子减少压力最有效的方式之一就是与你信任的人聊聊你的感受。One_of_the_most_effective_ways_to_reduce_stress is to talk about your feelings with som
33、eone you trust.reduce.by.把减少了reduce.to. 把减少到；把变为be reduced to 陷入某种境地(to为介词) 佳句背诵 It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood.结果证明看绿色的、生长的东西可以减少压力，降低血压，使人们的心情变得更好。(2019全国卷) build up逐渐增强；增强的体质；建立；创办；开发；聚集；积累一词多义写出下列
34、句中build up的含义To learn a language well you must build up a useful vocabulary.积累His confidence built up gradually as he gained more and more experience in teaching.逐渐增强You ought to take more sports after school so as to build up your strength.增强的体质Therefore, lets take the responsibility to build up a
35、lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.建立；创办pick up捡起；(无意中)学会；接收；搭载take up 拿起；开始；从事；占据make up 虚构；弥补；组成break up 关系破裂；分手；放假 佳句背诵 Taking an active part in sports and outdoor activities are really helpful to build up our body and enrich our school life.积极参加体育和户外活动确实有助于强身健体和丰富我们的学校生活。 lead to导致；造成(后果)；通向基础练习单
36、句语法填空The discovery of new evidence led to the thiefs being_caught(catch)In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to_practice(practice) speaking English in an interesting way. 能力提升一句多译众所周知，成功在于努力，而懒惰导致失败。As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_leads_to_fail
37、ure(lead)As we all know, success lies in hard work while_laziness_results_in_failure(result)lead sb.to do sth.使某人做某事lead/live a.life 过样的生活lead the way 引路；带路 佳句背诵 As the old saying goes, “All roads lead to Rome.”俗话说：“条条大路通罗马。”名师点津 (1)lead to中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing形式。(2)表示“导致”的短语还有：result in, contribute
38、 to, bring about, account for等。 if条件状语从句的省略形式(教材P9)If so, what did you do to grow them?如果这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？基础练习用右栏句式填空If_possible,_try to go to bed and wake up at the same time every day.If we can do that, we can keep up with the times. But if_not,_we would always fall behind. 能力提升微写作(2019全国卷书面表达)我是李华
39、， 我想知道周末你是否有空。如果有空咱们一起参加我校的音乐节吧。Im Li Hua. Im wondering if you are available at the weekend. If_so,_lets_attend the music festival of my school.if ever如果有过/发生过的话if any 如果有的话if possible 如果有可能if necessary 如果有必要 佳句背诵 Would you like to join our school table tennis team？If so, please email me as soon as
40、possible.你愿意加入我们校乒乓球队吗？如果愿意，请尽快给我发邮件。(2017全国卷书面表达) would rather do sth.宁愿做某事(教材P10)He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。 基础练习单句语法填空She would rather you came(come) tomorrow than today.I stayed at home last night, but Id rather I had_gone(go) to the theatre with my friends.能力提
41、升一句多译为了过低碳生活，一些人宁愿坐公交也不愿开车去上班。To live a lowcarbon life, some people would_rather_take_the_bus_than_drive_a_car to work.In order to live a lowcarbon life, some people would_take_the_bus_rather_than_drive_a_car to work. Some people prefer_to_take_the_bus_rather_than_drive_a_car to work so that they ca
42、n live a lowcarbon life.(1)(2)would rather从句 佳句背诵 I would rather stay at home at the weekend, reading some English novels.周末我宁愿待在家里看一些英文小说。名师点津 牢记Id rather that.要用虚拟语气！.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2019江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to buy computer e
43、quipment(equip) and internet facilities.2They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused(focus), and lead to relaxation.3Having_struggled(struggle) for many years, he was finally admitted to a key university.4She was so hungry(hunger) for success that shed do a
44、nything to achieve it.5In the last decade, the project has_expanded(expand) its welfare to support 12，000 poor students.6If you stay under the strong sunlight for a long time without any protection，your skin will get sunburnt(sunburn)7The two scientists both made the same discovery(discover) indepen
45、dently, at almost the same time.8The prize provided her with forever freedom(free) to continue her genetic research without repeatedly asking for financial aid.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1What a pity! Id rather I had_followed(follow) my teachers advice yesterday.2The increasing use of foreign
46、words may lead to people forgetting(forget) the good qualities of traditional Chinese.3Id appreciate it if you could make helpful comments on/about my work.4(北京卷)The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.5In recent years, Mrs. Brown has focused on using h
47、er Weibo to encourage those who want to follow her example.易错误用(改正下列句子中的错误)1We should take measures to improve that is called the quality of living.thatwhat 2He often tells me that learn a foreign language is very useful to me.learnlearning 3(2020广东七校第二次联考)I like travelling and my dream of visit Bei
48、jing, the capital city of our country，came true during the National Day holidays this year.visitvisiting 4Now the young man regrets waste so much time when he was at school.wastewasting5Nowadays everyone is responsible for build up a harmonious society in China.buildbuilding.熟词生义(根据具体语境写出加黑词的词性及含义)1
49、(2019天津卷)Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old.Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune.n.斗争；拼搏2(北京卷)To help you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean taking some risks, so your brain raises
50、 your tolerance for risk as well.n.渴望3The report underlines the importance of preschool education.vt.强调提能一语段填空(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)(一)I would rather make ments(comment) on the situation of the Africa. I regret 2.to_say(say) that most people there struggle 3.against/with natural disasters and le
51、ad a miserable life for lack of nutrition. Luckily, they focus 4.on learning advanced technology from developed countries and build up the food supply. If 5.so,_I hold the firm belief that all these measures will lead 6.to a great improvement in their life.(二)John was a farmer.For decades, he 1.had_
52、been_struggling(struggle) to rid his family of hunger.One day, when 2.skimming(skim) through a newspaper, John read a comment on Yuan Longping.He focused on his 3.discovery(discover) and the statistics of his research. He found the knowledge Yuan circulated very 4.practical(practice)Therefore, he ma
53、de a summary and began to build 5.up a new farming method.He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped 6.himself(he) to keep his crops roots free 7.from bacteria and pests. He also enriched minerals in the soil while reducing chemical fertilizers. 8.Thanks(thank) to Yuan Longping, he not on
54、ly won the battle against hunger, but he could also export his crops abroad.提能二话题写作(用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是李华，最近从报刊上了解到袁隆平海水稻研究的成功后，写了一篇英语短文发表在校报上。要点如下：袁隆平生于1930年，1953年大学毕业；成功研发杂交水稻，在2017年研究海水稻，超级水稻创下新纪录；你的感想。1补全要点句(黑体部分请用本单元所学词汇)被誉为中国“杂交水稻之父”的袁隆平，一生致力于使世界摆脱饥饿。Yuan Longping, known as Chinas “father
55、 of hybrid rice”， devotes_his_life_to_ridding_the_world_of_hunger他生于1930年，于1953年大学毕业，那时饥饿对于农村许多人而言是个令人苦恼的问题。He was born in 1930 and graduated from college in 1953. At that time hunger_was_a_disturbing_problem_for_many_people in the countryside.自此以后，他努力研发高产水稻，这帮助农民比以前增收两倍。Since then, he has struggled
56、_to_develop_rice_that_has_a_high_output,_which helps farmers produce_harvests_twice_as_large_as_before2017年，他的超级水稻创下新纪录，而且他的海洋水稻研究证明是个极大的成功。In 2017, his super rice set a new record and his_research_on_sea_rice_proved_to_be_a_great_success尽管袁隆平对自己的生活很满意，但他宁愿专注于自己的爱好而不在乎出名或金钱。Though Yuan Longping is_q
57、uite_satisfied_with_his_life,_he would_rather_focus_on_his_hobbies_than_care_about_being_famous_or_money从他身上，我意识到为我们的目标而努力，才能促使成功。(动名词作主语)From him, I realize that struggling_for_our_aims_can_lead_to_success2升级平淡句用定语从句升级句He_was_born_in_1930_and_graduated_from_college_in_1953,_when_hunger_was_a_distur
58、bing_problem_for_many_people_in_the_countryside.用though倒装句升级句Quite_satisfied_though_Yuan_Longping_is_with_his_life,_he_would_rather_focus_on_his_hobbies_than_care_about_being_famous_or_money.3衔接成美文_One possible version：Yuan Longping, known as Chinas “father of hybrid rice”， devotes his life to riddi
59、ng the world of hunger.He was born in 1930 and graduated from college in 1953, when hunger was a disturbing problem for many people in the countryside. Since then, he has struggled to develop rice that has a high output, which helps farmers produce harvests twice as large as before. In 2017, his sup
60、er rice set a new record and his research on sea rice proved to be a great success. Quite satisfied though Yuan Longping is with his life, he would rather focus on his hobbies than care about being famous or money.From him, I realize that struggling for our aims can lead to success.(建议用时：35分钟).阅读理解A
61、(2020沈阳高三质监)China is a large producer and consumer of rice. But, as a result of climate change, the amount of land available for rice growing in the country is shrinking. The concern has motivated scientists led by Yuan Longping，known as “the father of hybrid rice”， to look for new ways of growing t
62、he grain.Now theyre celebrating successful efforts to grow ricein sand and seawater. Rice is traditionally grown in soil and fresh water. Starting from January, according to the official Xinhua News Agency, the scientists have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai. They experimen
63、ted with seawater because it is easier to obtain in the desert than fresh water.China is not the only country facing the issue of overly salty soil. Around the world, there are around 2.35 billion acres of highly saline(含盐的) land. And the number is increasing because of rising sea levels and climate
64、 change.“Probably only a small part of the worlds saline land could be brought into production with seawater rice，but that would still have a very important effect on food security，” Even R. Pay, a senior analyst, said.Yuan told Xinhua that one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over t
65、hree tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations.Rice is the basic food in many parts of the world. About 90% of rice consumption is from Asia, but demand in Africa and Latin America is on the rise.A climate change researcher said the successful experiment could potentially benefit many
66、countries. “This is a fantastic development, which is likely to have a good effect on agricultural resource and waterpoor countries, particularly in North Africa region.”Even though the cost of growing salttolerant rice is still high，it will also have strategic value once its commercialized.【解题导语】本文
67、主要介绍了在“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平带领下的科学家们进行了在沙子和海水中种植水稻的试验。1What has caused the scientists to find new ways of growing rice?AThe increase of rice consumers.BThe high cost of rice producing.CThe land shortage of rice growing.DThe severe pollution of fresh water.C解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But, as a result of climate change.to
68、 look for new ways of growing the grain.”可知，适合种植水稻的土地短缺促使科学家们去寻找种植水稻的新方法。2Yuans team have successfully grown rice in sand and seawater in _AChina BDubaiCLatin America DNorth AfricaB解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Starting from January.have grown dozens of varieties of rice in the deserts of Dubai.”和第五段中的“one of th
69、e varieties of rice grown in Dubai”可知，Yuan的团队在迪拜成功地在沙子和海水中种植了水稻。3What can be inferred from the text?AAbout 90% of the rice is demanded and consumed in China.BThe production of a new type of rice is larger than expected.CThe increase of saline land is mainly caused by climate change.DSeawater is used
70、 in the experiment because it is cheaper to gain.B解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“one of the varieties of rice grown in Dubai produced over three tons, per acre, which Yuan said was beyond expectations”可知，其中一种在迪拜种植的水稻产量为每英亩三吨多，这超出了人们的预料，故选B。4What is the authors attitude to the ricegrowing experiment?ADoubtful. BPo
71、sitive.CCritical. DDisappointed.B解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段“Even though the cost of growing salttolerant rice is still high, it will also have strategic value once its commercialized.”可推知，作者对这种水稻种植的试验持乐观的态度。B(2020重庆一中高三月考)A largescale study has found a link between eating a diet based on organic food and havin
72、g a reduced risk of cancer. If the new results are confirmed, promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases, a team of researchers from several French institutions said.Among the environmental risks for cancer, there are growing concerns about exposur
73、e to different types of pesticides(杀虫剂) from farming. The impact of such chemicals on the human body is still not well understood, but there are some indications that harmful effects can occur even at low concentrations.Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market co
74、ntinues to grow rapidly. Organic food is produced without the use of synthetic(合成的) fertilizers, pesticides, genetically modified organisms and veterinary(兽医的) medications.“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than conventional foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet
75、 reduces exposure to certain pesticides，” Julia Baudry, lead author of the study from the Centre of Research in Epidemiology(流行病学) and Statistics in France, told Newsweek.“In the general population, the primary route of exposure is the diet, especially intake of conventionally grown fruits and veget
76、ables. However, few studies have examined the association between organic food consumption and cancer risk.”For the study, published in the journal JAMA Internal Medicine, a team of researchers examined data on the organic food consumption frequency and dietary intake of 68，946 French adults collect
77、ed by an ongoing survey which began in 2009. They then followed up these people at various points in the future.Participants reported how often (never, occasionally or most of the time) they consumed 16 types of organic foods including fruits, vegetables, soybased products, dairy products, meat and
78、fish, eggs, grain and legumes, bread and cereals, flour, vegetable oils and condiments, readytoeat meals, coffee, tea and herbal tea, wine, biscuits, chocolate, sugar and so on.【解题导语】一项研究发现，食用有机食品与降低患癌风险之间存在联系。如果新的研究结果被证实的话，提倡食用有机食品是一种很有发展前景的预防疾病的策略。5What is the finding of the study?AProcessed food
79、consumption may lead to an increased risk of cancer.BPromoting organic food consumption may help to prevent diseases.COrganic food consumption can help cure cancer in a short time.DEating a diet based on organic food may lead to the risk of cancer.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“If the new results are confirmed,
80、 promoting organic food consumption could be a promising preventative strategy against diseases.”可知，该研究发现食用有机食品可能会帮助人们预防疾病。故选B项。6Why is organic food becoming popular nowadays?AOrganic food never contains harmful chemicals.BOrganic food market continues to grow rapidly.CPeople care about environment
81、and health issues.DOrganic food is produced in a clean environment.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“Meanwhile, pushed by environment and health concerns, the organic food market continues to grow rapidly.”可知，现在有机食品流行是因为人们关注环境与健康问题。故选C项。7Which of the following is the advantage of organic food?AOrganic food never c
82、ontains harmful pesticide remains.BOrganic food is less likely to be exposed to some pesticides.CDifferent types of pesticides wont affect organic food.DOrganic food wont be influenced by outside environment.B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Organic foods are less likely to contain pesticide remains than convention
83、al foods, and studies have shown that an organic diet reduces exposure to certain pesticides”可知，有机食品含有杀虫剂残留物的可能性低于传统食品，研究还表明有机食品可降低受某些杀虫剂影响的程度。故选B项。8What might the article go on describing after the last paragraph?AThe researching process of the study.BThe disadvantages of organic food.CThe bright f
84、uture of organic food.DOther researches on organic food.A解析：推理判断题。最后一段介绍了研究的参与者报告他们食用16种不同类型的有机食品的频率，下一步应该是对实验数据进行研究，即实验的研究过程。A项意为“这项研究的研究过程”；B项意为“有机食品的缺点”；C项意为“有机食品光明的未来”；D项意为“其他关于有机食品的研究”。故选A项。.七选五(2020安徽重点中学模拟)Making Your Way Through the LunchroomWhats everyones favorite period? Lunch, what else?
85、 1._， if foods like pizza, or cheeseburgers(奶酪汉堡) are in front of you when youre most hungry. Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep you focused and active throughout the day.2_. If your school cafeteria provides a weekly or monthly menu, check it out. Knowing whats on the menu puts you
86、 in control. You can pick and choose when you want to buy lunch and when you want to bring your own.Head for the salad bar. 3._. If youd rather pack, consider adding carrot sticks, a piece of fresh fruit, or purple cabbage to your lunch bag.Do remember not to put too much salad dressing.Take the ene
87、rgy into consideration. Some foods are better choices than others for obtaining energy during the day. Choose lowfat foods, like chicken, beans, or lowfat milk products and add lots of fruits and vegetables to your meal. 4._. Foods, like sugary snacks(小吃) or French fries, may give you a quick rush o
88、f energy but its not lastingwhich means youll be left wanting more soon after you eat.Stop for a snack. You cant concentrate without a wellfed mind and body. So take along a healthy snack, like carrot sticks, to fight hunger between classes. 5._AGet a copy of the menuBMake a menu for your school caf
89、eteriaCBut it can be hard to make healthy choicesDIf your school offers one, take advantage of itEYou may take away whatever you get interested inFIt will keep you going and help avoid overeating when mealtime arrivesGTheyll provide the minerals you need and the energy to get through the day【解题导语】本文
90、是一篇说明文，作者就如何在学校选择合适的食物提出了建议。1C解析：根据下文的“Here are some tricks to choose foods that will keep.the day.”可知，之所以作者给读者提出建议，是因为这些食物如果摆在饥饿的读者面前，读者很难作出健康的选择，因此选C项。2A解析：后一句中作者建议查看学校餐厅提供的每周或每月的菜单，这样有助于提前作出决定，因此这里指得到一份菜单，故选A项。虽然B项也提到菜单，但是“你给学校餐厅提供菜单”不符合实际情况和语境。3D解析：本段的主题句是“Head for the salad bar.”，D项正是建议你利用学校的沙拉
91、售货台。故选D项。4G解析：本段的主题句说明了选择食物时要考虑食物所能提供的能量。前一句表明“选择低脂肪的食物，如鸡肉、豆类或低脂奶制品，并在食物中加入大量的水果和蔬菜”，G项中的They指的是上文提到的这些食物，同时也阐述了这些食物含有身体需要的矿物质和能量。5F解析：由上文的“take along a healthy snack.to fight hunger between classes”可知，吃一些健康的零食能够缓解饥饿，补充体力，F项中的“It”指代前面的“a healthy snack”，因此F项符合此处语境。.语法填空(2020太原阶段测评)In the past few ye
92、ars, more than half of bookstores in China have closed down, 1._ is the result of the 2._(compete) with online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the 3._(big) privatelyowned bookstore chains in China, may serve 4._ a great example.5_(found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform
93、 and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to 6._(sell) books, but combines the functions of the bookstore, cafe and the sale of 7._(create) cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large num
94、ber of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also 8._(able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so 9._ is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.So far, the government 10._(off
95、er) tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the turning point to them.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国实体书店的现状及西西弗书店的发展历程。1which解析：考查关系词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语
96、，所以用which引导该从句。2competition解析：考查词性转换。根据语境以及空前的定冠词“the”可推知，此处应用compete的名词形式competition，表示“竞争”。3biggest解析：考查形容词最高级。根据空前的“one of the”和空后的“bookstore chains in China”及语境可推知，此处应用big的最高级形式。4as解析：考查固定用法。serve as“适合作用”为固定用法，此处表示西西弗书店是一个很好的例子。5Founded解析：考查非谓语动词。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，found与其逻辑主语Sisyphe之间为动宾关系，故用其过去分词形
97、式。6selling解析：考查非谓语动词。devote onself to sth.“致力于某事”中的to为介词，介词后面应接动名词形式，故填selling。7creative解析：考查词性转换。修饰名词应用形容词，故用creative修饰其后的“cultural products”，表示“创造性的文化产品”。8enables解析：考查动词的时态、主谓一致及词性转换。它也使人们能够享受阅读和饮用咖啡的时光。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，此处需要谓语动词；根据上文中的“opens”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且空前的主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以填enables。9it解析：考查代词。分析句子结构可知，此处动词不定式为真正的主语，故用代词it作形式主语。10has offered解析：考查动词的时态和语态。so far为现在完成时的标志，且根据语境可知，offer与其主语the government为主动关系，所以此处应填has offered。
