1、考点27 祈使句和反意疑问句高考频度: 祈使句一、祈使句的句式特征祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地!Put the boxes in the small room. 把那些盒子放到那个小房间里。二、祈使句的肯定句式祈使句的肯定句式一般分为以下三种类型:1. 行为动词原形+其他成分
2、。Make sentences after the model. 根据例句造句。2. Be动词+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。Be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时要小心。3. Let + 宾语 + 动词原形 + 其他成分。Let him go back now. 让他现在回去吧。1.(2018北京卷单项填空) In any unsafe situation, simply _ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. press B. to
3、 press C. pressing D. pressed【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词,连接并列结构,and后面是一个句子,那么,前面也应是句子,选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句,其余的都是非谓语动词,无法构成句子。故A选项正确。2.Always _ in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.A. to keepB. to have keptC. keepD. have kept【参考答案】C 【
4、答案解析】考查祈使句。这是一个完整的句子,而that引导的是宾语从句,因此只能是祈使句。故选C。句意:永远记住,你的主要任务就是让这个公司平稳运行。【名师点睛】祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第、三人称祈使句两大类。祈使句用于两个重要句型中:祈使句+and+表结果的陈述句用来叙述肯定的条件;祈使句+or(else)+表结果的陈述句用来叙述否定的条件,or(else)表示否则;句首以动词原形开头。从本题的成分来判断,可以看出是考查祈使句。三、祈使句的否定句式祈使句的否定句式,通常情况下在句首加上Dont或Never,一般分为以下四种类型:1. 在祈使句的肯定句式
5、前加Dont,构成Dont+行为动词原形+其他成分。Dont say that again! 别再那样说了!2. 在Be动词引起的肯定祈使句前加Dont,构成Dont be+其他成分(形容词、名词或介词短语等)。Dont be careless. 不要粗心。注意:在这种句型中be不能省略;否定副词not不可置于be之后。3. Let引起的祈使句的否定形式有两种:(1)Let开头的祈使句,如果后面跟第一、第三人称名词或代词的宾格,可在Let前加Dont,也可在Let后宾格的名词或代词后面加not。(2)如果以Lets开头的祈使句,必须在Lets后加not。Dont let me go with
6、her tomorrow. =Let me not go with her tomorrow. 不要让我明天跟她一起去。Lets not tell her the truth whenever we meet her. 无论什么时候我们碰到她,都不要告诉她真相。4. 在公共场合的提示语中,否定祈使句常用No+名词/V-ing形式结构,表示禁止做某事。NO PHOTOS! 禁止拍照!四、祈使句的反意问句祈使句的反意疑问句须按其句子结构及讲话人的语气来决定其疑问部分。通常有以下三种形式:1. 祈使句为肯定句式,其反意疑问句表示请求时,通常用will you;表示邀请、劝说时,用wont you。B
7、e sure to write to us, will you? 你一定要给我们写信,好吗?Come to have dinner with us this evening, wont you? 今晚来和我们一起吃饭,好吗?2. 祈使句为否定句式,其反意疑问句通常只用will you。 Dont smoke in the meeting room, will you? 不要在会议室抽烟,好吗?3. Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时,除Lets用shall we外,其他均用will you。Let the boy go first, will you? 让个那男孩先走,好吗?Lets take
8、 a walk after supper, shall we? 晚饭后我们去散步,好吗?1.We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter, _?A. do youB. can weC. will youD. shall we【参考答案】C【答案解析】祈使句的反意疑问句通常用will you, 意思是 好吗, 可以吗。Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus,_?A. hadnt you B. wouldnt youC. arent I D. didnt she【参考答案】B 【答
9、案解析】在反意疑问句中,如果主句的谓语动词是think, suppose, believe, imagine, be sure等,且主语为第一人称,简略问句仅有肯定或否定是与主句相对应,而主语和时态要与宾语从句一致。五、祈使句的回答祈使句的动作通常是表示将来发生的动作,所以回答祈使句时,一般用will或wont。在回答具有否定意义的祈使句时,要注意两点:一是形式一致,即Yes与will保持一致;No与wont保持一致。二是意思相反,即Yes是不的意思;No是是的意思。在回答时,要注意分析上下文语境中所提供的条件。Dont go out, please. Its raining heavily
10、outside. 请不要出去。外面雨下得很大。Yes, I will. I have to meet my brother at the airport. 不行,我得去机场接我弟弟。六、祈使句与陈述句的并列使用祈使句后接陈述句时,须用连接词连接。如果祈使句与陈述句表示的是一种顺承关系时,要用并列连词and来连接;如果祈使句与陈述句存在一种否定条件关系时,要用并列连词or来连接。Leave it with me and I will see what I can do. 把它留给我吧,我想想有没有办法。Hurry up, or well be late. 快点,否则我们要迟到了。七、祈使句与条件
11、状语从句的连用祈使句与条件状语从句连用时,条件状语从句可置于祈使句前或后。Tell him to make a phone call to me if he comes here tomorrow. 如果他明天来这儿的话,叫他给我来个电话。八、祈使句的强调形式祈使句的强调形式通常在肯定祈使句式前加上助动词Do(Do在句中无意义)。Do shut up! 快住口!九、特殊形式的祈使句在英语中,有些祈使句不是以动词原形来引起一个祈使句,而是以一个名词短语来充当,且后接一个带有并列连接词的分句。实际上,这个充当祈使句的名词短语相当于一个条件状语从句。More water and the young
12、trees couldnt have died. =If you had given them more water, the young trees couldnt have died. 如果你给那些小树多浇点水的话,它们就不会死了。_and Ill get the work finished.A. Have one more hourB. One more hourC. Given one more hourD. If I have one more hour【参考答案】B 【答案解析】本题考查 祈使句+and+简单句的用法, 其中祈使句可转换成名词短语, 如One more word a
13、nd Ill beat you flat.因此B项正确。如果选C, D两项, 要去掉and。十、运用祈使句的误区祈使句往往容易与不定式、分词或条件状语从句相混淆。在平时的练习或测试中,如果稍不留神,就会出错。因此,要认真审题,认真分析句子结构,并根据上下文语境,作出正确判断。 _ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.A. Having checkedB. CheckC. If you checkD. To check【参考答案】C【答案解析】如果空白处选填B项,则视为祈使句,但后一分句前没有并列连接
14、词and连接;如选A或D项(分词或不定式),句中逻辑主语some spelling mistakes又不能执行这个动作,故均不符合句子结构。因此,只有C项(条件状语从句)符合句子结构及句意。反意疑问句 高考对疑问句的考查主要是对反义疑问句的考查。反义疑问句也叫附加疑问句,指的是在陈述句后面附加一个简短的一般疑问句,用于对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问或表示证实。陈述部分与附加部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致,但是肯定和否定形式却彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问句部分用否定式;陈述部分为否定式时,附加部分用肯定式。反义疑问句主要分以下各种情况:反意疑问句由两部分构成:前一部分用陈述句形式,
15、后一部分是一个附加在前一部分上的简短问句。陈述部分用肯定形式时,附加问句部分用否定形式,反之亦然。附加问句部分的动词形式及主语由陈述句决定,而且主语必须是代词。1. 陈述部分的主语是名词时,附加问句的主语用相应的人称代词。Your parents had a long talk with you last night, didnt they?2. 陈述部分主语是表示人的不定代词时,反意疑问句的主语侧重全部用they,侧重个体用he。No one was there that day, was he/were they?3. 陈述部分主语是表示物的不定代词时,反意疑问句的主语用it。Everyt
16、hing that he says is true, isnt it?4. 陈述部分的主语是one时,反意疑问句的主语在正式的场合用one,在非正式场合用you。One should be honest, shouldnt one/you?5. 陈述部分主语是指示代词时,反意疑问句的主语要用it或they。This is your car, isnt it?Those are grapes, arent they?6. 陈述部分是there be结构时,反意疑问句仍用there。There was a hospital here, wasnt there?7. 陈述部分有表示推测的情态动词mu
17、st时,反意疑问句的动词与must后的动词一致。They must be sleeping then, werent they?must后接完成式,若表示对过去情况的推测,附加问句中动词用didnt;若表示对已完成情况的推测,用havent或hasnt。8. 陈述部分含有否定词时,反意疑问句用肯定式。He is never late for school, is he?They seldom clean the room, do they?常见的否定词有no,never,nothing,nowhere,rarely,hardly,seldom,few,little等;若陈述部分有带否定意义词缀
18、的派生词,如dislike,useless,unfair等,后面的附加问句仍用否定式。9. 陈述部分是祈使句时,反意疑问句用will you或wont you。Look at the blackboard, will/wont you?Dont make any noise, will you?以Lets开头的祈使句,反意疑问句用shall we;以Let us/me开头的祈使句,反意疑问句用will you;陈述部分是否定的祈使句,反意疑问句用will you或can you都可以。10. 陈述部分是并列句时,反意疑问句与邻近的分句一致。She works hard and she is t
19、he best one in her factory, isnt she?11. 陈述部分是复合句时,反意疑问句与主句一致。When the teacher speaks in class, we have to keep quiet, dont we?12. 陈述部分是否定转移句式时,反意疑问句与从句一致,且用肯定形式。I dont think he will come, will he?在回答反意疑问句时,不管其陈述句部分是肯定的还是否定的,如果事实是肯定的,回答用yes肯定的简略句;如果事实是否定的,回答用no否定的简略句,形式要一致。陈述部分是否定形式时,答语中的yes译成不,no译成
20、是。They havent been told the truth, have they?Yes, they have. / No, they havent.题组一 能力过关I. 单项填空1. There are a few measures you can take to improve your grade, and one of them is: _ the material you do poorly in.A. doesnt ignoreB. not to ignoreC. not ignoreD. dont ignore2. _ in the library, or youll b
21、e fined 10 dollars and banned from entering for one month.A. If you smokeB. Not smokeC. Not smokingD. No smoking3. Daddy, this is my favorite show. Could you.?No. _ before the TV set and Ill cancel our plan to Disneyland tomorrow.A. Have more minuteB. One more minuteC. Given one more minuteD. If you
22、 have one more minute4. If you have a job, _ yourself to it and finally youll succeed.A.do devoteB. dont devoteC. devotingD. not devoting5. _ your homework before you watch TV.A. DoB. DoingC. To doD. Done6. Follow your doctors advice, _ your illness will get better.A. thenB. orC. andD. but7. _ to th
23、e answer, and then you will find where your problem is.A. To referB. ReferringC. ReferredD. Refer8.When youve finished with that book, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _?A.do you B. dont you C. will you D. wont you1.Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, _she?A. had
24、 B. did C. hadnt D. didnt2.You and I could hardly work together, _?A. could you B. couldnt I C. couldnt we D. could we3.I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did, _ ?A. could he B. didnt I C. didnt you D. could they4.It doesnt matter if they want to come to your party, _?A. doesnt itB.
25、does itC. dont theyD. do they5. Its the first time that he has been to Australia, _?A. isnt heB. hasnt heC. isnt itD. hasnt it6. Im sure youd rather she went to school by bus, _?A. hadnt youB. wouldnt youC. arent ID. didnt she7. The students who are sitting at the back of the classroom, please keep
26、quiet, _?A. do youB. dont theyC. arent youD. will you8. Mrs Willson doesnt believe that Tom is able to pass the exam, _?Thats where I disagree.A. does sheB. doesnt sheC.is sheD. isnt she9.I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay, _ you?A.
27、 mustnt B. haventC. didnt D. hadnt10. Lets work out a plan that we all can agree on, _?A. shall weB. dont weC. will youD. cant we11. The government must have taken measures to lower the house prices next year, _ it?Yes. I guess so.A. didntB. hasntC. mustntD. wont12.When youve finished with that book
28、, dont forget to put it back on the shelf, _?A.do youB.dont youC.will youD.wont youII语法填空(1)(2020江苏泉山 徐州一中高三月考)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese Olympic champion Sun Yang was 1(initial) cleared of wrongdoing by FINA, the swimming federation(联盟), in January 2019. Following an appeal by the Worl
29、d Anti-Doping Agency(WADA) to the Court of Arbitration for Sport(CAS), the decision has 2(turn) over. An eight-year ban was given on Sun because this was his second 3(offend). Sun told Chinas Xinhua news agency that he planned to appeal 4 the decision. He said, “This is 5(fair). I firmly believe in
30、my innocence.” CAS said its decision can be challenged before the Swiss Federal Tribunal within 30 6(day). Sun told an appeal hearing in November that he missed a test because testers failed 7(prove) their identity when they arrived at this home. He also denied that a vial(小瓶) 8(contain) his blood s
31、amples was smashed(砸碎) by him with 9hammer. The three-time Olympic gold medallist is set to appeal his ban until February 2028, 10if upheld, effectively ends his swimming career.(2)(2020四川成都经开区实验中学高三开学考试)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。With fewer than 2, 000 giant pandas left in the wild, the sighti
32、ng of one of the lovely animals is a cause for 11 (celebrate). However, the one recently spotted walking through a bamboo forest in Chinas Sichuan Province is even more so, 12 (consider) that it is the worlds first known all-white panda!It 13 (spot) by an infrared (红外线的) camera set up to monitor the
33、 wildlife in the Wolong National Nature Reserve on May 25, 2019, 14 is also home to Chinas first giant panda breeding and research center. Wolong officials estimate the panda, whose sex is hard 15 (determine) from the photo, is between one and two years old.16 is generally believed that the giant pa
34、ndas unique black and white coloring allows it to blend in with the snow during winter or to hide in the shade during summer. Some 17 (scientist) also believe the dark circles around the eyes help the panda bears recognize each other. 18 (lucky), the lack of markings does not seem to have affected t
35、he all-white panda so far.The researchers say albino (白化病) animals are rare in general. Thats because it can only happen if both parents carry the gene. With so few specimens of panda bears left in the world, the possibility of that happening is almost next 19 impossible. Researchers believe if its
36、offspring can be photographed, it will be 20 (value) for further research.III短文改错(1)(2020四川成都经开区实验中学高三开学考试)I like travelling and my dream of visiting Beijing, the capital city of our country, come true during the National Day holidays this year. My mother booked an one-day tour for me. On the mornin
37、g of October 1st I went to Tiananmen Square with one of my classmates , there we watched the flag-raising ceremony. As I watched the flag rising slowly, I sang the national anthem, feeling extreme proud. Several hours later, a grand military parade was held mark the Peoples Republic of Chinas 70th f
38、ounding anniversary. In the afternoon we decided to go to other famous tourist attraction, like the Great Wall. When we reached the destination, it was crowded with tourists. I was glad for which those volunteers had done for little kids and elderly people . Standing on the Great wall, we couldnt he
39、lp admire the splendid scenery. This travelling, with doubt, meant a lot of to me.(2)(2020江西景德镇一中高三月考)My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our families. In order to make surely all of us are in good health, and she makes specific plans for us. For example, every morning, my dad
40、 has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. My dad dont like the soup and I dont enjoy apples. I tell my mom that if were forced eat things, we may become ill.But he insists on us eating healthy food. Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what is provided by Mom wi
41、th appreciation.【答案】题组二 体验真题1.【2018北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed2.(2017新课标卷I短文改错)I The instructor kept repeating the word(改为words), Speed up! Slow down! Turning left!3. (2016新课标
42、卷语法填空)It could be anything gardening, cooking, music, sports but whatever it is, _ (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.题组一 能力过关I. 单项填空1.D 【解析】主句是一般过去时态的肯定句,因此其反意问句应该用一般过去时态的否定句。2.D 【解析】根据陈述部分是肯定形式,疑问部分用否定形式;反之。陈述部分中含有否定词hardly, 故疑问部分用肯定形式,主语是you and I。
43、故应选D。3.B 【解析】反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为肯定,故附加部分为否定,本句含有一个宾语从句且主句为“I told them,所以选择B。句意:我告诉他们并非每个人都可以跑得和你一样快,不是吗?4.B 【解析】反义疑问句的基本原则就是与主句主谓保持一致。陈述部分为否定,故附加部分为肯定,句意:他们是否来参加你的派对,没有关系,是吗?5. C 【解析】考查反意疑问句。在Its the first time that.句型中,反意疑问句的主语和谓语应与主句的主语和谓语分别保持一致。故C项正确。6. B 【解析】考查反意疑问句。在既有主句又有从句的时候,如果主句部分是
44、I think,I suppose,Im sure,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致。故在该题中,反意疑问句要和从句youd rather she went to school by bus一致,根据前否后肯的原则,该反意疑问句应为wouldnt you。故B选项正确。7. D 【解析】考查反意疑问句。若陈述部分为祈使句,反意疑问句通常用will you, wont you, would you等。句意:那些坐在教室后面的同学,请保持安静,可以吗?故选D。8. A 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:Willson认为Tom不会通过考试,是吗?我不同意。由前面的Mrs Willson does
45、nt可知后面用does she,故A项正确。9.C 在“must have done”这个表示对过去的推测的句型中,反义疑问句不可用must的任何形式,因为must用于表推测时仅能用于肯定句。若语境中有明确地表示过去的时间状语,反义疑问句必须用过去时的否定式,若没有明确地表示过去的时间状语且强调现状则用完成时。该题中上句有last summer,故选C。10. A 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:我们制订出一个大家都会同意的计划,行吗?Lets., shall we? 是常用的表示建议的句型。11. B 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:政府肯定已经采取措施降低房价了,是吗?是的,我认为是这样。当陈
46、述句谓语部分为must have done形式,表示对过去的情况进行推测,其反意疑问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用didnt+主语或wasnt/werent+主语;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用havent/hasnt+主语。该句中没有明确的过去时间状语,故B选项切题。12.C 【解析】考查反意疑问句。句意:你读完那本书时,别忘了把它放回到书架上,好吗?除否定转移句型之外的主从复合句,一般都是对主句的主语和谓语动词进行反问,本题的主句dont forget to put it back on the shelf 是否定形式,其反意疑问部分要用肯定结构,再根据主将从现原
47、则,时间状语从句中用现在时态,主句要用将来时,故选C。II语法填空(1) 【答案】1initially2been turned3offence4against5unfair6days7to prove8containing9a10which【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。中国奥运冠军孙杨最初于2019年1月被国际泳联洗清罪名。在世界反兴奋剂机构向体育仲裁法庭提出上诉后,该决定已经被提交。孙因第二次违法被禁赛8年。孙对新华社说,他计划对这一决定提起上诉。如果维持原判,他的游泳生涯实际上将结束。1考查副词。修饰动词clear应用副词initially,做状语,表示“最初”。故填initially。2考查
48、动词语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,根据上文the decision has可知为现在完成时的被动语态。故填been turned。3考查名词。根据上文his为形容词性物主代词修饰名词,可知应填名词offence,表示“犯罪”。故填offence。4考查介词。句意:孙对新华社说,他计划对这一决定提起上诉。结合句意表示“提起上诉”短语为appeal against。故填against。5考查形容词。句意:他说:“这是不公平的。我坚信我是无辜的。”根据上文is可知应填形容词作表语,且结合语境表示“不公平的”应用unfair。故填unfair。6考查名词的数。day为可数名词,由30修饰应用
49、复数。故填days。7考查非谓语动词。句意:孙在去年11月的一次上诉听证会上说,他错过了一次考试,因为测试人员在到达他家时没有证明自己的身份。根据句意表示“未能做某事”短语为fail to do sth.。故填to prove。8考查非谓语动词。句意:他还否认自己用锤子砸碎了一个装有他血液样本的小瓶。分析句子结构可知contain在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语vial构成主动关系,故应用现在分词作定语。故填containing。9考查冠词。句意同上。hammer为可数名词,此处表示泛指“一个锤子”应用不定冠词,且hammer为辅音音素开头的单词,应用a。故填a。10考查定语从句。句意:这
50、位三届奥运会金牌得主将对禁令提起上诉,上诉到2028年2月,如果维持原判,禁令将结束他的游泳生涯。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词ban,且先行词在从句中作主语,指物,故应用关系代词which,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。(2)【答案】11celebration12considering13was spotted14which15to determine16It17scientists18Luckily19to20valuable【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫以及它的发现经过,研究人员说,白化病动物在一般情况下是罕见的。如果它的后
51、代能够被拍摄下来,将对进一步的研究有价值。11考查名词。句意:在野生大熊猫数量不到2000只的情况下,看到这种可爱的动物是值得庆祝的事情。for为介词后跟名词做宾语,故填celebration。12考查固定短语。句意:然而,最近在中国四川省竹林里看到的那只大熊猫更是如此,因为它是世界上已知的第一只纯白色大熊猫!固定短语considering that“鉴于;考虑到”,故填considering。13考查动词时态语态。句意:2019年5月25日,监控卧龙国家级自然保护区野生动物的红外摄像机发现了这只大熊猫,卧龙也是中国首个大熊猫繁育和研究中心所在地。本句中主语与谓语动词为被动关系,且时间为201
52、9年5月25日,应用一般过去时,主语为it谓语动词用单数。故填was spotted。14考查定语从句关系词。句意同上。本句为非限定性定语从句,修饰先行词Wolong National Nature Reserve,且先行词在从句中做主语,指物,故填which。15考查固定短语。句意:卧龙官员估计,这只熊猫的性别很难从照片中确定,年龄在1到2岁之间。固定短语hard to do sth.“难以做某事”,故填to determine。16考查固定句式。句意:人们普遍认为,大熊猫独特的黑白颜色使它能够在冬天与雪融为一体,或在夏天躲在阴凉处。固定句式It is generally believed
53、that“普遍认为”,故填It。17考查名词的数。句意:一些科学家还认为,熊猫眼睛周围的黑眼圈有助于它们相互识别。scientist为可数名词,由some修饰应用复数形式,故填scientists。18考查副词。句意:幸运的是,到目前为止,这种全白的熊猫身上没有斑纹。修饰下文整个句子应用副词,故填Luckily。19考查固定短语。句意:由于世界上现存的大熊猫标本如此之少,这种情况发生的可能性几乎是不可能的。固定短语next to“几乎;差不多”,故填to。20考查形容词。句意:研究人员认为,如果它的后代能够被拍摄下来,将对进一步的研究有价值。根据上文it will be可知应填形容词作表语,故
54、填valuable。III短文改错(1)【答案】comecameanatherewhereextremeextremelyheld后面加上toattractionattractionswhichwhatadmireadmiringwithwithout删除lot后的of【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者今年国庆节去天安门观看升旗仪式和阅兵式以及参观一些景点的经过和感想。【详解】1. 考查时态。结合上下文可知作者梦想“实现”的动作发生在过去,故用一般过去时,故将come改为came。2. 考查冠词。结合句意此处应译为“一个为期一天的旅行”,故应用不定冠词表示泛指,又one是辅音音
55、素开头,应用a,故将an改为a。3. 考查定语从句。分析句子可知此处是非限制性定语从句,先行词Tiananmen Square在从句中充当地点状语,故应用关系副词where,故将there改为where。4. 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词proud,故将extreme改为extremely。5. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处应用非谓语动词,再结合句意“举行阅兵式来庆祝中华人民共和国成立70周年”可知此处表目的,应用不定式,故在held后加to。6. 考查名词的数。根据other(其他的)判断此处应用名词复数形式,故将attraction改为attractions。7. 考查宾语从句连接
56、词。分析句子可知for后是宾语从句,从句缺少宾语,故应用连接代词what,故将which改为what。8. 考查固定短语。此处考查短语cant help doing sth情不自禁做某事,故将admire改为admiring。9. 考查介词。句意:毫无疑问这次旅行对我意义重大。结合句意可知此处应译为“毫无疑问”,“没有”是without,故将with改为without。10. 考查介词。修饰动词meant应用a lot(非常),故删除lot后的of。【点睛】第10小题考查a lot和a lot of的区别a lot of意为很多,修饰名词例如:I have a lot of friends.我
57、有很多朋友。a lot意为非常,修饰修饰动词、感叹词、介词短语、形容词或副词的比较级例如:he helped me a lot。他帮了我很多。He feels a lot better。他感觉好多了。本题修饰动词meant故用a lot。(2)【答案】【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者的妈妈坚持让全家人吃健康食物,确保每个人身体好。一开始,家人有些排斥。在母亲的坚持下,我充满感激地接受了母亲的好意。【详解】第一处:考查固定短语。句意:我的妈妈真的关心我们家庭里每个人的健康。be concerned with关心,该短语是固定短语,所以concerning改成concerned。第
58、二处:考查名词单复数。句意同上。family当“家庭”讲时,是集合名词,这里表示“我们一个家庭”,所以用单数,families改成family。第三处:考查固定短语。句意:为了确保我们所有人身体好,她为我们制定了特殊的计划。 make sure确保,该短语是固定短语,所以surely改成sure。第四处:考查简单句。句意同上。这是一个简单句,前面in order to作目的状语,不用连词and,所以去掉and。第五处:考查冠词。句意:例如:每天早晨,我的父亲不得不喝一碗鸡蛋汤,然而,我不得不吃一个苹果。泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”,bowl以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a,所以the改成a。第六处:考查时态
59、。根据时间状语every morning,可知这里表示经常或反复发生的事情,用一般现在时,主语为I,谓语动词要用原形。所以had改成have。第七处:考查主谓一致。句意:我爸爸不喜欢汤,我也不喜欢苹果。表示经常或反复发生的事情,用一般现在时。主语my dad是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,所以dont改成doesnt。第八处:考查固定句型。句意:我告诉我妈妈,如果我们被迫吃东西,我们可能会生病。be forced to do sth.被迫做某事,所以forced 后面加to。第九处:考查代词。句意:但是她坚持让我们吃健康的食物。文中指“我的妈妈”,是女性,所以he改成she。第十处:考查定语从
60、句。句意:出于对妈妈好意的理解,我满怀感激地吃着妈妈提供的所有食物。这里含有一个定语从句,先行词是all the food,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,可用that或which,先行词被all所修饰,只能使用that,不能使用which,且what不能引导定语从句,所以what改成that。题组二 体验真题1.【答案】A【解析】考查祈使句。句意:在任何不安全的情况下,仅仅摁一下这个按钮,一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词,连接并列结构,and后面是一个句子,那么,前面也应是句子,选项中。只有动词原形可以构成祈使句,其余的都是非谓语动词,无法构成句子。故A选项正确。2.Turning改为Turn 【解析】分析语境可知教练的话加速,减速,左转都是祈使句,根据前文Speed up! Slow down!也可以看得出来。祈使句应该用动词原形,故将Turning改为Turn。3.make【解析】考查祈使句。句意:它可以是园艺、烹饪、音乐、运动等任何事情,但是,无论它是什么,务必保证它是让你释放压力而不是让你担忧的事。句中动词短语置于句首,构成祈使句,故用动词原形。