1、等差数列一、选择题1如果等差数列an中,a3a4a512,那么a1a2a7()A14B21C28D35答案C解析an是等差数列,a3a4a53a412,a44.a1a2a77a428.2已知等差数列an满足a1a2a3a1010,则有()Aa1a1010Ba2a1000,d1,故所求的四个数为2,0,2,4.10已知等差数列an中,a2a6a101,求a3a9.解析解法一:a2a6a10a1da15da19d3a115d1,a15d.a3a9a12da18d2a110d2(a15d).解法二:an为等差数列,2a6a2a10a3a9,a2a6a103a61,a6,a3a92a6.一、选择题1在
2、等差数列an中,若a4a6a8a10a12120,则a9a11的值为()A14B15C16D17答案C解析由题意,得5a8120,a824,a9a11(a8d)(a83d)a816.2(2016河南省实验中学)设an是公差为正数的等差数列,若a1a2a315,a1a2a380,则a11a12a13等于()A105B120C90D75答案A解析由a1a2a315,可得a25,所以a1a310,a1a316,解得a12,a38或a18,a32.又等差数列an的公差为正数,所以数列an是递增数列,所以a12,a38,其公差da2a1523,所以a11a12a13(a110d)(a210d)(a310
3、d)(a1a2a3)30d15303105.3等差数列an中,a2a5a89,那么关于x的方程:x2(a4a6)x100()A无实根B有两个相等实根C有两个不等实根D不能确定有无实根答案A解析a4a6a2a82a5,即3a59,a53,方程为x26x100,无实数解4在a和b之间插入n个数构成一个等差数列,则其公差为()ABCD答案C解析a1a,an2b,公差d.二、填空题5在等差数列an中,已知amnA,amnB,则am_.答案(AB)解析mn,m,mn成等差数列,又an是等差数列amn,am,amn成等差数列,2amamnamnAB,am(AB)6三个数成等差数列,它们的和等于18,它们的
4、平方和等于116,则这三个数为_答案4,6,8解析设这三个数为ad,a,ad,则,三个数为4,6,8.三、解答题7四个数成等差数列,其平方和为94,第一个数与第四个数的积比第二个数与第三个数的积少18,求此四个数解析设四个数为a3d,ad,ad,a3d,据题意得,(a3d)2(ad)2(ad)2(a3d)2942a210d247.又(a3d)(a3d)(ad)(ad)188d218d代入得a,故所求四个数为8,5,2,1或1,2,5,8或1,2,5,8或8,5,2,1.8在ABC中,若lgsinA,lgsinB,lgsinC成等差数列,且三个内角A,B,C也成等差数列,试判断三角形的形状分析利用等差中项求角,再根据角的关系判断三角形的形状解析A,B,C成等差数列,2BAC,又ABC,3B,B.lgsinA,lgsinB,lgsinC成等差数列,2lgsinBlgsinAlgsinC,即sin2BsinAsinC,sinAsinC.又cos(AC)cosAcosCsinAsinC,cos(AC)cosAcosCsinAsinC,sinAsinC,cos(AC)cos,cos(AC),cos(AC)1,AC(,),AC0,即AC,ABC故ABC为等边三角形