1、江苏省连云港市老六所四星高中2020届高三英语下学期模拟试题（含解析）第一节：听力（共两节，满分20份）略第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.We have entered into an age _ dreams have the best chance of coming true.A. whichB. whatC. whenD. that【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的
2、机会最大。句中先行词为an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。2.Can we make it to the concert with such heavy traffic?Absolutely not.The pianist_for about half an hour when we arrive.A. will be playingB. has playedC. will have playedD. has been playing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：交通这么拥挤，我们能赶到音乐会吗？当然赶不上了。我们到达时，钢琴师已
3、经演奏了大约半个小时了。根据Can we make it to the concert with such heavy traffic?及for about half an hour when we arrive.可知，此处描述将来完成的动作，应使用将来完成时。故选C。3.The doctor shares his phone number with the patients _ they need medical assistance.A. if onlyB. as ifC. even thoughD. in case【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句的连词。句意：医生给了病人他的手机号
4、码，以防病人需要医疗援助。A. if only要是多好；B. as if好像，仿佛；C. even though即使，尽管；D. in case以备，以防，免得。故选D符合语境。4.When youre old and looking back on your life, will you be content with the way things ?A. stick outB. break outC. run outD. turn out【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当你老了回首你的人生，你会对事情的结果感到满意吗? A. stick out坚持；B. break ou
5、t爆发；C. run out用完，耗尽；D. turn out结果是。根据上文“youre old and looking back on your life”可知，老了回首人生时，是对做过的事情的结果感到满意。故选D。5.Bob made a promise to the manager _ the work would all be finished on time.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：鲍勃向经理保证将按时完成工作。分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，从句意思、成分完整，从句解释promise的内容
6、，只起连接作用，无实义，故用连接词that，A项正确。6.【2018江苏】Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the _ youve made.A. assignmentB. associationC. acquisitionD. assumption【答案】D【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。A. assignment分配；B. association协会，社团；C. acquisition获得物；D. assumption假设。故选D。点
7、睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题抓住句中的关键词actually happening（实际发生）和instead of（而不是）可推知，与actually happening相反是“假设”，从而选出正确答案。7.The doctor always seems energetic and he has even managed to pursue his diverse interests _ his fast-moving career.A. in recognition ofB. in parallel withC. in terms ofD. in contras
8、t with【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个医生似乎总是那么精力充沛，他甚至能在事业快速发展的同时追求着自己广泛的兴趣爱好。A. in recognition of承认；B. in parallel with和同时，和一起；C. in terms of就而言；D. in contrast with与相比。“his diverse interests”和“his fast-moving career”表并列，所以用in parallel with。故选B。8.Only five years after Steve Jobs death, smart-phones defea
9、ted _PCs in sales.A. controversialB. contradictoryC. confidentialD. conventional【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：仅仅在史蒂夫乔布斯去世五年后，智能手机在销售中击败了传统的个人电脑。Acontroversial有争议的；Bcontradictory矛盾的；Cconfidential机密的；Dconventional传统的。根据常识可知，个人电脑是传统事物，智能手机是新兴事物，故选D。9.-So Jack failed to be admitted by his dream university and
10、 is feeling quite depressed these days.-It serves him right. I _him more than once to take his study seriously.A. remindedB. have remindedC. have been remindingD. had reminded【答案】D【解析】考查时态。上句：所以杰克没有被他梦想中的大学录取，感觉很沮丧。下句：他活该，我不止一次提醒他认真对待他的学习。此空的动作指的是“过去的过去”所以用过去完成时态，故选D。10.Our school often organizes va
11、rious after-school activities, _our stress to some degree.A. to relieveB. relievedC. having relievedD. relieving【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校经常组织各种各样的课外活动，在一定程度上缓解了我们的压力。分析句子可知，relieve用非谓语动词形式，various after-school activities与relieve是逻辑主谓关系，此处表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词。故选D。11.What a pity! You missed the sightsee
12、ing, or we _ a good time together.A. hadB. will haveC. would have hadD. had had【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文可知，是对过去事情的虚拟，是与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would, could, might)+现在完成时+其他，故选C。12.Chinas image is improving steadily, with more countries _ it
13、s role in international affairs.A. recognizingB. being recognizedC. to be recognizedD. recognized【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查with复合结构。句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。“更多的国家”和“认识”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。13.The publication of Great Expectations, which _ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens st
14、atus as a leading novelist.A. isB. areC. wasD. were【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：远大前程的出版，得到了广泛的好评和高度赞扬，加强了狄更斯作为一名主要小说家的地位。先行词The publication of Great Expectations在定语从句中作主语，是单数概念，根据主谓一致的原则，所以谓语动词用单数，再根据主句谓语动词reviewed是一般过去时可知，应选C项。14.The silver moon was high overhead, and there was a gentle breeze down the v
15、alley.A. playingB. to playC. playedD. having played【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：银色的月亮高高挂在头上，风吹过山谷。分析句子结构可知，and后的句子是there was句型，谓语动词是was，play在句中做定语，修饰breeze，与逻辑主语breeze构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故选A。【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独
16、立主格结构。15.Going to watch the Womens Volleyball Match on Wednesday?_! Will you go with me?A. You thereB. You betC. You got meD. You know better【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：星期三去看女子排球比赛吗？当然！你能同我一起去吗？A. You there你在哪儿；B. You bet当然，肯定地；C. You got me你难住我了；D. You know better你更清楚。根据空后Will you go with me?可知，后者同意前者的提
17、议。故选B。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。At the mid-May in 2018, the 69 year-old amputee(被截肢者) Xia Boyu finally stood proud on two artificial legs on the peak of Mount Qomolangma, a symbol showcasing to the world the power of_16_.More than 40 years ago, Xia
18、_17_ both of his feet to frost bite after lending his sleeping bag to a team member during the trip to climb Mount Qomolangma.Even though artificial legs were not _18_in China at the time, Xia strongly _19_ that he would one day fulfill his _20_dream and so, before that day came, the best thing to d
19、o was to_21_ himself by training constantly. Three years later he finally got his new legs, which enabled him to_22_his sports career.However, fate once again took a _23_turn when he was in his 40s. In 1993, illness developed on the stumps(残肢) on his legs, which required _24_ third of his lower legs
20、 be amputated. Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.Over the years, Xia never gave up his dream of climbing Mount Qomolangma. _25_ to his final successful climb in 2018, he had tried four other times to climb to the summit, but each time Lady Luck gave him the _26_ .The last ti
21、me he _27_ his dream was in 2016. The then 67-year-oldwas only 94 meters from the summit, but a snow storm _28_ his way. Taking his team members _29_ into consideration, Xia made the _30_ decision to go back.On May14, Xia felt _31_ and a strong sense of fulfillment _32_in him, standing on the peak o
22、f the highest mountain in the world.The key is to focus on your dreams, instead of the _33_ you encounter along the way. I didnt regret anything that I had done and accepted everything that life had _34_ me, but I never stopped fighting against _35_ ,”Xia said, stressing that fulfilling ones dream h
23、as nothing to do with age, disability or the thoughts or expectations of others, but a firm belief in yourself.16. A. strengthB. dreamC. confidenceD. mind17. A. costB. gaveC. lostD. paid18. A. affordableB. acceptableC. availableD. reachable19. A. confirmedB. assuredC. hopedD. believed20. A. unfinish
24、edB. unchallengedC. unsolvedD. unreached21. A. pressureB. presentC. preserveD. prepare22. A. takeB. beginC. completeD. continue23. A. suddenB. sharpC. darkD. good24. A. oneB. anotherC. the otherD. other25. A. PreviousB. ContraryC. BackD. Similar26. A. tough nutB. red carpetC. cold shoulderD. last st
25、raw27. A. put effort intoB. devoted himself toC. got close toD. threw himself into28. A. blanketedB. blockedC. bathedD. smoothed29. A. honourB. safetyC. creditD. struggle30. A. finalB. disappointingC. wiseD. heartbreaking31. A. tirednessB. reliefC. painD. 1oneliness32. A. welled upB. showed upC. cam
26、e upD. sprang up33. A. distrustB. doubtC. hardshipsD. criticism34. A. thrown atB. provided forC. arranged forD. distributed to35. A. challengesB. fearC. fateD. misbelief【答案】16. B 17. C 18. C 19. D 20. A 21. D 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. C【解析】【分析】
27、这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章介绍了夏伯宇不断尝试登上珠穆朗玛峰的经历。终于在2018年5月中旬，69岁的截肢者夏伯宇用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰，向世界展示了梦想的力量。这告诉我们：实现梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，只与自己坚定的信念有关。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年5月中旬，69岁的截肢者夏伯玉终于用两条义肢自豪地站在了珠穆朗玛峰的顶峰上，向世界展示了梦想的力量。A. strength力量，长处；B. dream梦想；C. confidence自信；D. mind照顾，介意。根据the 69 year-old amputee Xia Boyu finally
28、 stood proud on two artificial legs on the peak of Mount Qomolangma可知此处表示梦想的力量。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：40多年前，在攀登珠穆朗玛峰的过程中，夏把睡袋借给队友，结果双脚被冻伤，失去了双脚。A. cost花费，付出；B. gave给予；C. lost失去。遗失；D. paid支付。根据stood proud on two artificial legs可知此处表示失去了双腿。故选C。【18题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一
29、天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. affordable负担得起的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. available可获得的，可找到的；D. reachable可获得的，可达成的。根据下文Three years later he finally got his new legs可知那时还没有假肢。故选C。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. confirmed确认，坚定；B. assured弄清，确信；C. hoped希
30、望；D. believed相信。根据one day可知此处表示他坚信那一天会到来。故选D。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. unfinished未完成的；B. unchallenged不成问题的；C. unsolved未解决的，未解答的；D. unreached未达到的。根据before that day came可知此处表示未完成的梦想。故选A。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管当时中国还没有假肢，但夏坚信总有一天他会实现自己未完成的梦想，所
31、以在那一天到来之前，最好的办法就是通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。A. pressure压力，压迫；B. present现在，目前；C. preserve保护区；D. prepare准备。根据by training constantly可知此处表示他通过不断的训练来为自己做准备。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三年后，他终于有了新的双腿，这使他能够继续他的运动生涯。A. take拿，采取。接受；B. begin开始，首先；C. complete完成；D. continue继续。根据Three years later he finally got his new legs可知此处表示
32、他能够继续他的运动生涯。故选D。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在他40多岁的时候，命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。A. sudden突然的，意外的；B. sharp急剧的；C. dark黑暗的，模糊的；D. good好的。根据下文Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.可知此处表示命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1993年，他腿上的残肢开始发病，又有三分之一的小腿被截肢。A. one唯一的；B. another不同的，类似的；C. the other 另一个的；D.
33、 other其他的，另外的。根据third of his lower legs be amputated可知此处表示又有三分之一的小腿被截肢。故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前，他曾尝试过另外四次登顶，但每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。A. Previous以前的，早先的；B. Contrary相反的；C. Back后面的，过去的；D. Similar相似的。根据he had tried four other times to climb to the summit可知表示在2018年最后一次成功登顶之前。故选A。【26题详解】考查情景交际。句意：在2
34、018年最后一次成功登顶之前，他曾尝试过另外四次登顶，但每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。A. tough nut大胆果断的人，暴躁的人；B. red carpet红地毯；C. cold shoulder冷遇，闭门羹；D. last straw最后一根稻草，最后一击。根据转折词but可知此处表示每次都遭到了幸运女神的冷遇。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他最后一次接近自己的梦想是在2016年。A. put effort into把精力花费在；B. devoted himself to致力于，献身于；C. got close to接近于，靠近；D. threw himself int
35、o积极从事。根据下文The then 67-year-oldwas only 94 meters from the summit可知此处表示2016年是他最后一次接近自己的梦想。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时67岁的他距离峰顶只有94米，但是一场暴风雪挡住了他的去路。A. blanketed覆盖，遮掩；B. blocked阻塞；C. bathed沐浴；D. smoothed使顺利，缓和。根据but a snow storm可知此处表示暴风雪挡住了他的去路。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到队员的安全，夏做出了令人心碎的决定，回去。A. honour尊敬；B
36、. safety安全；C. credit信用，信誉；D. struggle斗争，冲突。根据上文a snow storm可知此处表示考虑到队员的安全。故选B。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到队员的安全，夏做出了令人心碎的决定，回去。A. final最终的，决定性的；B. disappointing令人失望的；C. wise明智的，聪明的；D. heartbreaking令人心碎的。根据decision to go back可知这个决定是令他心碎的。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：5月14日，站在世界最高峰的山顶上，夏如释重负，一种强烈的成就感油然而生。A. tired
37、ness疲劳，疲倦；B. relief解除，减轻；C. pain疼痛；D. loneliness孤独。根据standing on the peak of the highest mountain in the world可知此处表示此时他如释重负。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：5月14日，站在世界最高峰的山顶上，夏如释重负，一种强烈的成就感油然而生。A. welled up涌现，流露，萌发；B. showed up露面，露出，揭露；C. came up走近，发生，开始，上升，发芽，被提出；D. sprang up出现，涌现，萌芽。根据a strong sense of fu
38、lfillment可知此处表示一种强烈的成就感涌现出来了。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：关键是要专注于你的梦想，而不是你一路上遇到的困难。A. distrust不信任；B. doubt怀疑；C. hardships艰难；D. criticism苛求，批评。根据instead of和you encounter along the way可知此处表示一路上遇到的困难。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“我不后悔我所做的东西，接受生活扔向我的一切，但我从未停止过反抗命运”，夏说，强调实现一个人的梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，但与自己坚定的信念有关。A. thr
39、own at扔向，掷向，向投去；B. provided for供养，供给，规定，为作准备；C. arranged for为作安排，为作准备；D. distributed to分配给，分发给。根据accepted everything可知此处接受生活扔向我的一切。表示故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我不后悔我所做的东西，接受生活扔向我的一切，但我从未停止过反抗命运，”夏说，强调实现一个人的梦想无关年龄，残疾或他人的想法和期望，但与自己坚定的信念有关。A. challenges挑战；B. fear害怕；C. fate命运；D. misbelief错误的信仰。根据fighting a
40、gainst可知此处表示与命运作斗争，反抗命运。故选C。【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第2小题要求判断他的双腿怎么了，根据stood proud on two artificial legs可知此处表示他失去了双腿。故选C项。第8小题要求判断命运发生了什么转折，根据下文Three years after that, he was diagnosed with lymph cancer.可知此处表示命运再次发生了黑暗的转折。故选C项。第三部分: 阅读理解(共15 小题； 每小题2 分, 满分30 分)请认真
41、阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThanks for your interest in visiting the Los Angeles Zoo with your school group! Please read the following information before booking your field trip.RequirementsSpecial discounted admission prices are available with advance reservations ONLY for
42、California school groups, short-termed as CSG, (registered with the California Department of Education). They can enjoy 10% off.PLEASE NOTE:Reservation blackout dates(限制日期) may apply to all groups at certain times of the year (e.g. holidays and spring break). If your group comes on a blackout date o
43、r has not made the necessary reservations before arriving at the Zoo, your group will be charged the regular admission fees.Docent(讲解员)-Guided ToursOur docent guides lead educational walking tours for students and their teachers, beginning at first grade. A limited number of docent-guided tours are
44、available. There is no additional fee for a docent-guided tour, but you must book your tour at least two weeks in advance. Do not assume you have a guided tour booked until you have received a confirmation number and packet from the Los Angeles Zoo. On the day of your field trip, your group will nee
45、d to arrive at least 30 minutes before the confirmed start time of your tour to check in. Make sure to tell Zoo staff upon your arrival that your group has a docent-guided tour. If you are more than 15 minutes late for your tour, it may be canceled.Maximum number: 150 participants Ages: K-12Regular
46、Pricing: $5 per student, 1 teacher per 10 students is included, $5 per additional teacher36. How much should be paid if a California school group with 2 teachers and 13 students has made an early booking for the zoo?A. $63.B. $67.5.C. $70.D. $75.37. From the above information, we can learn that _.A.
47、 California groups have access to special discounted pricesB all groups may have to pay regular prices in spring breakC. additional fees for a docent-guided tour will be chainedD. a field group must arrive half an hour earlier to check in【答案】36. A 37. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了学校团体参观洛杉矶动物园的一些要求和注意事项。【36
48、题详解】细节理解题。根据Regular Pricing: $5 per student, 1 teacher per 10 students is included, $5 per additional teacher(常规定价：每位学生5美元，每10名学生有1名教师免费，每增加一名教师5美元)可知，如果一个有2名教师和13名学生的加州学校团体提前预订了动物园，应该支付135+5=70美元；结合Requirements部分中They can enjoy 10% off.(他们可以享受九折优惠)可知，7090%=63美元。故选A。【37题详解】推理判断题。根据PLEASE NOTE部分Reser
49、vation blackout dates may apply to all groups at certain times of the year (e.g. holidays and spring break). If your group comes on a blackout date or has not made the necessary reservations before arriving at the Zoo, your group will be charged the regular admission fees.(一年中某些时段(如假期及春假)，预定管制日期对于所有
50、团体都可能适用。如果您的团队在截止日期到来，或者在到达动物园之前没有进行必要的预订，您的团队将被收取正常的入场费)可知，在春假期间，所有的团体可能都要支付正常的价格，不按预定的价格走。故选B。【点睛】数字计算题也是近几年高考中常考的内容，此类试题是在文章中直接表现出来细节事实，有的要经过具体的计算才能够得出正确的答案。具体的计算题可以是对年代的计算、月份的计算或比例的计算等。文章中经常会出现许多数字，它们对解题产生一定的影响。解答此类试题的方法是先来理解文章的大意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等就能够得出正确的答案。如第一小题，根据Regular Pricing: $5 per student,
51、1 teacher per 10 students is included, $5 per additional teacher（常规定价：每位学生5美元，每10名学生有1名教师免费，每增加一名教师5美元）可知如果一个有2名教师和13名学生的加州学校团体提前预订了动物园，应该支付135+5=70美元；结合Requirements部分中They can enjoy 10% off.（他们可以享受九折优惠）可知，7090%=63美元。故选A。BIn the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park
52、, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had not troubled anyone before: he couldnt find the parks volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature thats what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldnt
53、 find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体) shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting magma(岩浆) piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a s
54、mall part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them ex
55、tinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesnt involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type, but Christiansen couldnt find the
56、caldera anywhere.Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers. As soon as Ch
57、ristiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera: almost the whole park2.2 million acreswas caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles acrossmuch too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up w
58、ith a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.38. What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone?A. Its complicated geographical features.B. Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.C. The mysterious history of the park.D. The exact location of the volcano.39. What does th
59、e second paragraph mainly talk about?A. The shapes of volcanoes.B. The impacts of volcanoes.C. The activities of volcanoes.D. The heights of volcanoes.40. What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean?A. Hot-air balloon.B. Digital camera.C. Big photograph.D. Birds
60、view.【答案】38. D 39. A 40. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了二十世纪六十年代Bob Christiansen在研究黄石公园的火山历史时，奇怪地发现到处看不到火山的影子，原来，这儿的火山并不是像我们大部分人想象的那种圆锥体形状的高耸的样子，而是一个巨大的洞，这个洞太大了以至于从地面上的任何地方都看不见。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句But Christiansen couldnt find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.可知，他困惑的是在黄石公园找不到火山。故选D。【39题详解】主旨大意题。本段讲述了两种形状的火山，一种
61、是通常人们所理解的由火山岩浆堆积形成的圆锥体，还有一种极具爆发力的火山，它们会在一个大裂缝中爆裂，留下一个巨大的洞，故选A。【40题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might
62、make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors centers.可知，美国国家航空航天局为测试一些新的高海拔照相机而拍摄了黄石公园的照片。一位深思熟虑的官员把其中的一些照片副本转交给了公园管理部门，认为他们可能会将其放大以供一个游客中心展示。根据常识可知，游客中心的照片一般都很大，以吸引游客的注意，故此处意为“将照片放大”，选C。CWho cares if people think wrongly that the internet has had more important influences than the washing machine? W
63、hy does it matter that people are more impressed by the most recent changes?It would not matter if these misjudgments were just a matter of peoples opinions. However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communicatio
64、n Technology) revolution, represented by the internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so “yesterday” that they should try to live on ideas. This belief in “post-industrial society” has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造业), with negative
65、consequences for their economies.Even more worryingly, the fascination with the internet by people in rich countries has moved the international community to worry about the “digital divide” between the rich countries and the poor countries. This has led companies and individuals to donate money to
66、developing countries to buy computer equipment and internet facilities. The question, however, is whether this is what the developing countries need the most. Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more affordable washi
67、ng machines would have improved peoples lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessing the relativ
68、e long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.In yet another example, a fascination with the new has led people to believe that the recent changes in the technologies of communications and transportation are so revolutionary that now we live in a “borderless world”. As a result,
69、in the last twenty years or so, many people have come to believe that whatever change is happening today is the result of great technological progress, going against which will be like trying to turn the clock back. Believing in such a world, many governments have put an end to some of the very nece
70、ssary regulations on cross-border flows of capital, labour and goods, with poor results.Understanding technological trends is very important for correctly designing economic policies, both at the national and the international levels, and for making the right career choices at the individual level.
71、However, our fascination with the latest, and our under valuation of what has already become common, can, and has, led us in all sorts of wrong directions.41. Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to _.A. a lack of confidence in technologyB. a slow progress in technologyC. a conf
72、lict of public opinionsD. a waste of limited resources42. The example in Paragraph 4 suggests that donators should _.A. take peoples essential needs into accountB. make their programmes attractive to peopleC. ensure that each child gets financial supportD. provide more affordable internet facilities
73、43. What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations?A. Neglecting the impacts of technological advances.B. Believing that the world has become borderless.C. Ignoring the power of economic development.D Over-emphasizing the role of international communication.44. What can we learn from
74、the passage?A. People should be encouraged to make more donations.B. Traditional technology still has a place nowadays.C. Making right career choices is crucial to personal success.D. Economic policies should follow technological trends.【答案】41. D 42. A 43. B 44. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了对信息技术的过分迷恋会对国家，对个人，
75、对慈善事业造成不利的影响。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce resources.可知，对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用，也就是资源的浪费，故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段Perhaps giving money for those less fashionable things such as digging wells, extending electricity networks and making more af
76、fordable washing machines would have improved peoples lives more than giving every child a laptop computer or setting up internet centres in rural villages, I am not saying that those things are necessarily more important, but many donators have rushed into fancy programmes without carefully assessi
77、ng the relative long-term costs and benefits of alternative uses of their money.可知，与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心，还不如给钱打井，铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机，这些东西更能改善他们的生活。作者不是说这些东西一定更重要，但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本，因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况，而不是一味地追求信息化，故选A。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界，正是认为我们生活在这样一个
78、世界，很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规，故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段The fascination with the ICT(Information and Communication Technology) revolution, represented by the Internet, has made some rich countries wrongly conclude that making things is so yesterday that they should try to live on ideas. This belief
79、in post-industrial society has led those countries to neglect their manufacturing sector(制造业) with negative consequences for their economies.可知，对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论，他们认为制造产品已经过时了，他们应该靠创意生活，因而忽略了制造业，从而对经济造成不利影响，故推知传统的技术依然有它的地位，新兴的信息技术不能取代它们，故选B。DOld problem，new approachesWhile clean energ
80、y is increasingly used in our daily life，global warming will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions (排放) peak. So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change. Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of cl
81、imate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process. We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions. This is why, in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that：“There
82、 is no onesize fits all adaptation.” Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries. Floods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades. Mohammed Rezwan saw opp
83、ortunity where others saw only disaster. His notforprofit organization runs 100 river boats that serve as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipped with solar panels and other communicating facilities. Rezwan is creating floating connectivity(连接) to replace flooded roads and hig
84、hways. But he is also working at a far more fundamental level：his staff show people how to make floating gardens and fish ponds to prevent starvation during the wet season.Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken. Chewang Norphel lives in a mountainous region in India, where h
85、e is known as the Ice Man. The loss of glaciers (冰川) there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture. Without the glaciers, water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops. Norphels inspiration came from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was no
86、t needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze, and was stored until the spring. His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water. Having created nine such ice reserves, Norphel calculates that he has stored about 200，000m3 of water. Climate change is a contin
87、uing process, so Norphels ice reserves will not last forever. Warming will overtake them. But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will, perhaps, be able to find other means of adapting.Increasing Earths reflectiveness can cool the planet. In southern Spain the sudden increase of gre
88、enhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally, and actually cooled the region. While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly, temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased. This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. By painting buildings white, c
89、ities may slow down the warming process.In Peru, local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the lifegiving ice. The outcome is still far from
90、 clear. But the World Bank has included the project on its list of “100 ideas to save the planet”More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere. A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria. Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping. But during the past de
91、cade declining rainfall has allowed him to plant highly profitable crops. Farmers in many countries are also adapting like thiseither by growing new produce or by growing the same things differently. This is common sense. But some suggestions for adapting are not. When the polluting industries argue
92、 that weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, its a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways. But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely
93、 to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in that way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.45. The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies _A. adaptation is an everchanging processB. the cost of adaptation varies with timeC. global warming affect
94、s adaptation formsD. adaptation to climate change is challenging46. What is special with regard to Rezwans project?A. The project receives government support.B. Different organizations work with each other.C. His organization makes the best of a bad situation.D. The project connects flooded roads an
95、d highways.47. What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?A. Storing ice for future use.B. Protecting the glaciers from melting.C. Changing the irrigation time.D. Postponing the melting of the glaciers.48. What do we learn from the Peru example?A. White paint is usually safe for
96、buildings.B. The global warming trend cannot be stopped.C. This country is heating up too quickly.D. Sunlight reflection may relieve global warming.49. According to the author, polluting industries should _A. adapt to carbon pollutionB. plant highly profitable cropsC. leave carbon emission aloneD. f
97、ight against carbon pollution50. Whats the authors preferred solution to global warming?A. Setting up a new standard.B. Reducing carbon emission.C. Adapting to climate change.D. Monitoring polluting industries.【答案】45. A 46. C 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界各地应对全球变暖的方法。【45题详解】A词义猜测题。根据第二段
98、第二句We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions.可知，我们并不是在讨论适应一个新的标准，而是在不断变化的条件下；据此可以判断，适应环境就是适应不断变化的过程，故选D项。【46题详解】C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster.以及该段其它内容可知，Mohammed Rezwan看到了机会，而其他人只看到了灾难，
99、Rezwan项目的组织者充分利用了洪水的灾难，故选C项。【47题详解】A细节理解题。根据第四段The loss of glaciers(冰川)there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agricultureNorphels inspiration come from seeing the waste of water over winter, when it was not needed. He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze
100、, and was stored until the spring.可知，“冰人”的减轻全球变暖的影响的方法是将冰储存起来，以备春天用，故选A项。而这种方法并没有改变冰川的融化和灌溉的时间，故排除B、C和D项。【48题详解】D细节理解题。根据第五段Increasing Earths reflectiveness can cool the planet. By painting buildings white, cities may slow down the warming process.以及第六段painting the entire mountain peak white in the
101、hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the life-giving ice.可知，通过将墙涂成白色，利用反射原理可以缓解全球气候变暖，并且Prue的措施应证了这一点，故选D项。【49题详解】D推理判断题。根据第七段When the polluting industries argue that weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt, its a nonsense designed to make the case
102、 for business as usual.以及最后一段But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution.可知，目前一些污染工业说他们已经失去了对碳污染的控制，但作者认为，这个说辞是“胡说”，故可直接选择与“失去控制、适当妥协”意义相反的选项，即与污染积极斗争，以减少碳排放，防止工业污染中二氧化碳的排放，故选D项。【50题详解】B推理判断题。根据最后两句But the most sensible form of adaptat
103、ion is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution. After all, if we adapt in the way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.可知，作者认为最合理的应对全球变暖的方法是以减少二氧化碳的排放，此举将避免在其他很多方面改变。故选B项。第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。
104、每个空格只填一个单词。The Cost of ThinkingDespite their many differences, all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.The first unique human characteristic is that humans have extraordinarily large brains compared with other animals.
105、 It seems obvious that evolution should select for larger brains. Mammals(哺乳动物) weighing sixty kilograms have an average brain size of 200 cm2. Modern man has a brain averaging 1200-1400 cm2. We are so fond of our high intelligence that we assume that when it comes to brain power, more must be bette
106、r. Unfortunately, that is not the case.The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drainconsumption of energyon the body. Its not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull(倾骨). Its even harder to provide energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3% of total body weig
107、ht, but it consumes 25% of the bodys energy when the body is at rest. By comparison, the brains of apes(类人猿) require only 8% of rest-time energy. Early humans paid for their large brains in two ways. Firstly, they spent more time in search of food. Secondly, their muscles grew smaller and weaker. It
108、s hardly an obvious conclusion that this is a good way to survive. A chimpanzee(黑猩猩) cant win an argument with a modern man, but it can tear the man apart like a rag doll.Another unique human characteristic is that we walk upright. Standing up, its easier to find food or enemies. In addition, their
109、arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signaling. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a
110、creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull. Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands backaches and painful necks.We assume that a large brain ma
111、kes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth. But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains an
112、d sharp stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.The Cost of ThinkingIntroduction Large brains for their bodies and the ability to walk upright are two _51_ of human beings.The _52_ of large human brains The larger brains may not be better because of the cost. The big brains make i
113、t harder for the body to move around and consume more energy. The animal brain requires less _53_ when the body is at rest. Large human brains consume more food, and weaken muscles.The _54_ of walking upright Walking upright makes it easy to find food or _55_ against enemies. Freed hands can serve s
114、ome _56_ purposes and perform complex tasks. Walking upright challenges the human bone structure, and _57_ the size of brains. Walking upright results in _58_ sufferings.Conclusion With a large brain, human beings _59_ other beings in terms of intelligence. Weak and marginal, human beings remained _
115、60_ of meat-eating animals.【答案】51. characteristics 52. disadvantages 53. energy 54. impact(s) 55. guard 56. other 57. limits 58. physical 59. beat 60. fearful/afraid【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明人用大脑思考的代价。人类与动物相比有两大特点：大大的大脑和直立行走。超大的大脑使人类拥有更高的智商，但却消耗巨大的能量。直立行走让人类擅长寻找食物和抵御敌人，解放了的双手来更复杂的事。但却让人类遭受腰痛和颈部疼痛等。虽然有这些缺点，但
116、仍然使人类成为地球上最强大的动物。【51题详解】考查信息归纳。根据第一段all human beings share several defining characteristics, such as large brains and the ability to walk upright on two legs.可知，大脑袋和双腿直立行走的能力是人类共有的特点(characteristics)。故填characteristics。【52题详解】考查信息归纳。72题就是对第三段内容的总结。第三段主要叙述了人类的大脑长得比较大的缺点。因此本空格填写disadvantages。【53题详解】考查信
117、息来源。根据第三段中的The fact is that a huge brain is a huge drainconsumption of energyon the body. Its not easy to carry around, especially when boxed inside a massive skull(倾骨). Its even harder to provide energy. In modern man, the brain accounts for about 2-3% of total body weight, but it consumes 25% of t
118、he bodys energy when the body is at rest.可知，人类巨大的大脑是一个巨大的能量消耗。当身体处于休息时，大脑要消耗25%的身体能量。相比之下，类人猿的大脑只需要8%的休息时间能量。人类与动物相比，动物需要的能量（energy）要比人类少。故填energy。【54题详解】考查信息归纳。分析空后的75-78小题所在的第五段和第六段的内容可知，此部分主要叙述了直立行走对人类的影响。故填impact(s)。【55题详解】考查信息转换。根据第五段的第一句Another unique human characteristic is that we walk uprig
119、ht. Standing up, its easier to find food or enemies.可知，另一个独特的人类特征是我们直立行走。站起来更容易找到食物或发现敌人。发现敌人就是为了防御敌人。因为or为连词，在此句中连结两个动词短语，故空格填动词。“guard against”为固定搭配，意为“防御”，故本空填写guard。【56题详解】考查信息查找。根据第五段中的their arms that are unnecessary for moving around are freed for other purposes, like throwing stones or signal
120、ing. As a result, humans can perform very complex tasks with their hands.可知，解放了的双手可以用于做其它的事，即有其它的目的。故填other。【57题详解】考查信息归纳。根据第五段Yet walking upright has its disadvantage. The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relati
121、vely small head. Adjusting to an upright position was quite a challenge, especially when the bones had to support an extra-large skull.可知，直立行走也有缺点。我们祖先进化了上百亿年，骼也只能支撑四肢行走和有一个相对较小的头。直立行走对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，限制了人的头脑的大小。故本空填limits。【58题详解】考查信息转换。根据第六段Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands back
122、aches and painful necks.可知，直立对人类的骨架是一个相当大的挑战，人类为其广阔的视野和灵巧的双手付出了代价，换来的是腰酸背痛和脖子疼痛。由此得出，直立导致身体方面的(physical)痛苦，故填physical。【59题详解】考查信息归纳。根据最后一段We assume that a large brain makes huge advantages. It seems obvious that these have made humankind the most powerful animal on earth.可知，我们假设一个大脑袋会带来巨大的优势。很明显，这些使
123、人类成为地球上最强大的动物。由此可推断出人类的大脑比其他动物大，在智力方面人类比其他动物更聪明，即在智力方面击败了(beat)其他动物。故本空填beat。【60题详解】考查信息查找。根据最后一段But humans enjoyed all of these advantages for a full 2 million years during which they remained weak and marginal creatures. Thus humans who lived a million years ago, despite their big brains and sharp
124、 stone tools, lived in constant fear of meat-eating animals.可知，尽管人类享受着所有这些优势，但也是弱小的生物。因此尽管拥有巨大的大脑和锋利的石器，但一百万年前的人类也时常生活在对食肉动物的恐惧中。因为空前是系动词，故本空要填形容词(afraid/fearful)可知，此处要填名词，故填fearful/afraid。第五部分：书面表达（满分 25分）61.请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。Yuan Longping, 90, known as the “father of hybrid rice”，plays
125、a crucial role in helping China achieve food security. Every morning what he does first is go to the field and works as a “farmer”. When asked how much his shirt was, he told the reporter that it was 35 yuan.Deng Jiaxian, the Founding Father of Chinas A-Bomb and H-Bomb, was the founder and promoter
126、of Chinas nuclear weapon cause. However, it was not until he died that his parents and many of his friends realized that he had produced such extraordinary achievements.Li Junxian, without whom it would have been impossible for us to send the rocket into space, is one of the academicians of the Chin
127、ese Academy of Engineering. In 2018, this 90-year-old party member, donated 3 million yuan to set up the Doctor Innovation Fund and the Hardship Assistance Fund.【写作内容】1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；2. 分析上述国家功臣身上有哪些值得我们学习的优良品质；3. 谈谈其中某一品质对你的启发，并举例说明。【写作要求】1 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3. 不必写标题。【评分标准】内容
128、完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。_【答案】Three greatest heroes, just as listed above, have made considerable achievements in their life, and they always care about the prosperity of China and the well-being of the Chinese people.Many good qualities are embodied in these heroes and they do deserve respect from all of
129、us. One common quality is that they are diligent and down to earth, which best demonstrates that Chinese people are a hardworking people. Of course, there are many other qualities we can learn from them, for example, happiness of the people always tops the list in their dictionary, and the interests
130、 of our country outweighs their own personal ones.What impresses me most is that Yuan Longping lives a simple but meaningful life. More often than not he wears a cheap shirt when going to work in the fields. By contrast, too many teenagers nowadays take it for granted to ask their parents to buy the
131、m famous brands without hesitation. Personally, we should follow heroes in their footsteps, applying ourselves to study, helping others selflessly. Only by setting noble ambitions can we become promising and make contributions to our country.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读写任务。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 请阅读下面文字，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右
132、的文章。写作内容：1. 用约30个词概括上述信息的主要内容；2. 分析上述国家功臣身上有哪些值得我们学习的优良品质；3. 谈谈其中某一品质对你的启发，并举例说明。第2步：第一段概括的时候注意不要超过30个字，并抓住主要要点。第3步：第二段分析上述国家功臣身上有哪些值得我们学习的优良品质，确定关键词（组）：considerable achievements（巨大的成就）；care about（关心）；the prosperity of（繁荣）；outweighs（比重要）等。第4步：第三段其中某一品质对你的启发，并举例说明。第5步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一
133、定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如One common quality is that they are diligent and down to earth, which best demonstrates that Chinese people are a hardworking people.运用非限定性定语从句；What impresses me most is that Yuan Longping lives a simple but meaningful life.运用主语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。