1、Period 3 Language points学习目标:1.扎实掌握词汇的用法，提升综合语言运用能力。2.自主学习，合作探究；学会分析与总结的方法并学以致用。3.借助词汇精粹，理解例句并尝试总结知识结构，然后再根据预习自测进行自我检测。学习重点：重点词汇、短语的的掌握和学以致用。学习难点：长难句的分析理解运用。课前预习： 预习 1.Reading中的重点单词、短语和句型的用法 2.完成教材助读使用说明与学法指导：1.借助词汇知识、课文及导学，理解例句并尝试总结知识结构，然后进行自我检测。2.用时30分钟。教材助读：.知识点Paragraph 1. 1. Many roads are in b
2、ad condition and accidents are frequent.很多路的状况都不好，事故频繁发生。condition现状，状况 (用单数形式或用作不可数名词)The old tower is now still in a good condition. 古塔的状况还不错。The ship is not in a condition （= in no condition） to make a long voyage.这艘船不适宜进行远航。(2)健康状况，健康 He is in excellent condition for a man of his age. 就他的年龄而言，他的
3、身体很棒啊。 (3) 条件cn One of the conditions of the job is that you should be able to drive. 做这项工作的条件之一是你得会开车。 (4) 环境，情况pl. under the present conditions 在目前的情况下。 Firemen have to operate in difficult conditions.消防员得在艰难的条件下工作。 (5) on condition that. (=only if, provided that.) 只要.You can go out on condition t
4、hat you wear an overcoat. 你得穿上外衣才能外出。相关词组：（1）be in a certain condition有喜， 有孕（2）be in an interesting condition有喜， 有孕（3）be in (a) condition (to do a thing) 能做，有做的条件（4）be out of condition身体很不好不适（5）be in no condition to(身体状况)不适宜2. One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the m
5、ost dangerous road in the world.尤其是从拉巴斯通往北方的一条路被认为是世界上最危险的路。in particular尤其，特别particular 主要用于以下几个方面：(1) 个别的,个人的 This is his particular problems. 这是他个人的问题。 (2) 特殊的,特别的 ,非一般的 This is a matter of particular importance. 这个问题非同小可。 The teacher showed particular concern for the disabled child. 老师特别关心那个残疾儿童
6、。 (3) (过于)讲究的;苛求的,挑剔的(+about/over)(+wh-) She is particular about what she eats.她过分讲究吃。 (4) in particular(= especially) 特别地;尤其 She stressed that point in particular. 她特别强调了那一点。3. On one side, on the other side 一面，另一面相关词组：On the one hand, on the other hand一方面，另一方面；从一方面来说，从另一方面来说两者的区别在于前者表示一个物体的两个面的特点，
7、而后者用于给出对一个事物的两种不同看法。 Eg.The mountain is very beautiful. On one side there are many beautiful bamboo houses, on the other side there are many trees there.这座大山非常漂亮，一面是漂亮的竹屋，另一面是茂密的树林。On the one hand, expansion would be good, but on the other hand it would be sad to lose the family atmosphere.一方面来说，扩大发
8、展当然很好，但从另一方面来说，失去这种家庭氛围令人遗憾。4. Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks.尽管交通量不大，但平均每两周就有一辆车驶出公路。on average=on the/an average平均on average /on the average /on an average三种方式都可以表达“平均说来”。(2)come off脱落，（洗）掉 (以物为主语):The handle of the door has come
9、off.们的把手掉了。 A button has come off your coat.你上衣掉了一粒纽扣。 举行，进行 When does the concert come off? 音乐会何时开始？ The concert came off well. 那场音乐会开的不错。 成功 His attempt isnt likely to come off. 他的尝试可能不会成功。 跌落 He fell off the bike when he was on the way to school. 上学的路上他从自行车上摔了下来。(3) 本句中含有 . was / were doing sth.
10、when .句型。when在此可译作“这时(at the moment)”、“突然”等。when的这种用法可与过去进行时、过去完成时、过去完成进行时、was / were about to及was / were on the point of doing sth. 连用。如：We were about to set off when it began to rain. 我们刚要出发就开始下雨了。He was on the point of going to bed when someone knocked at the door. 他刚要去睡觉就有人敲门。5. In theory, the r
11、oad can only be used by traffic going uphill from 8 in the morning, and by traffic coming downhill from 3 in the afternoon. But in practice, few drivers respect the rules.按道理，这条路上，只准许早晨点以后车辆向山上行驶及下午点以后车辆向山下行驶。但实际上几乎没有司机遵守这些规则。(1) in theory 理论上 In theory everyone should pay the new tax. 理论上讲每个人都应该缴纳新
12、税。(2) in practice 实际上；勤于练习 The plan worked well in practice.这个计划很行得通。 You should keep yourself in practice.你应该经常练习。 In theory , But in practice, 理论上，。但实际上，。Eg In theory, its a good idea. But in practice, its not very practical. Paragraph 2.1. thanks to 幸亏，由于，后接一种成功的、好的结果相关词组： (1) owing to 由于Eg .All
13、this was owing to ill health. 这全是由于健康不好的关系所致作前置词用因为Eg. Owing to the drought, crops are short. 因为天旱收成不好。(2) because of因为，由于 Eg. The game was called off because of rain. 比赛因雨停止。(3) be due to 由于 Eg. The delay is due to the shortage of hands. 事情耽搁下来是由于人手不足 应给，应归(只作表语，一般不放于句首)Eg. The credit is due to you
14、. 荣誉应该归你)。2. 为某物品付某人钱pay sb. some money pay sb. for sth.pay some money for sth.pay sb. some money for sth.3. Every morning he climbs up to the bend with a large circular board in his hand.每天早晨，他手里拿着一个巨大的圆形木板爬到弯道处。（P13）句中with a large circular board in his hand 为with复合结构，作伴随状语。The teacher came into th
15、e classroom with a book in his hand.老师手里拿一本书进入教室。with 复合结构在句中可作状语和定语。with 复合结构的常见形式有：with+宾语+ adj./adv./n. done/doing/to do 介词短语With production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year. 产品增长了60%，公司又是一个盈利年。Do you know the young man with a finger bleeding.你认识那个手指流血的年轻人吗？With all the work d
16、one, we went to the bar to relax ourselves.所有工作完成以后，我们去酒吧放松了一下。 4. But often they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal for granted.但经常他们只是从他身边驶过，把人体交通标志看作理所当然的事情。takefor granted视为当然（因而不对其特别关注或感谢）pass by sb./ sth.经过相关：(1) passer-by 过路人(2) pass sb./ sth. by 对某人或物无影响、忽视Paragraph 3.1. 有关call 的短
17、语 call out 1. 向挑战。 2. 动员；美口命令,号召(罢工)；唤起。 3. 大声叫喊 4.诱出 5.美俚请跳舞。call off 1. 叫开；转移开(注意力等)。 2. 口语命令停止，宣告终止；丢手，放手；取消(婚约)。 3. 美国点(名)，列举(数字)。 call on 1. 访问。 2. 指名要(某人)去干(某事)；请求，要求；号召( He called upon me to make a speech. 他请我演说)。 call over to 打电话给。 call together 召集。 call up 1. 召唤，传，叫出来；召集，动员。 2. 提起，提出。 3. 打电
18、话给；【电讯】呼唤。 4. 想出来，想起。 what one calls what is called 所谓。2. Then one day while he was working as a lorry driver he had a close encounter with death.当卡车司机时的某一天，他跟死神打了个照面。3. This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo.那次经历给铁穆特欧留下了极其深刻的印象。have an effect on对.有影响; 对.起作用, 产生效果Eg Punishment had ver
19、y little effect on him. 惩罚对他没有什么效果。相关词组：have an influence on Eg.influence of atmosphere on optical systems大气对光学系统的影响have a profound effect/ influence on sb./ sth. 对某人或某事有着深远的影响4. And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffi
20、c.于是每天早晨，在路的拐弯处铁穆特欧站好自己的位置，开始指挥来往的车辆，从拂晓到黄昏，一周又一周。week in, week out week after week一周又一周，接连好几个星期他躺在床上好几个星期了。He lay in bed week in, week out. “take up ”站好位置以备.;占据（空间等）；以某事作为爱好或消遣；开始从事She has taken up a job as a teacher. 她当上教师了。The runner are taking up their position on the starting line.赛跑选手们在起跑线上各就各
21、位。有关take 的短语take down 写下，记下；拿下；取下take in 收留；领会，理解；欺骗take off 脱下；起飞；（指观念、产品等）突然大受欢迎take on 雇用；呈现（特征，面貌等）；承担（责任）；接受（任务）take up with 甘受；忍受(虐待等)take up the chant 人云亦云He took down her speech.他记下了她的演说。She took me in completely with her story.她用谎话把我完全蒙蔽了。The plane took off despite the fog. 尽管有雾，飞机仍照常起飞了。We
22、re taking on 50 new staff this year. 我们今年要雇佣50名新员工。. 当堂检测：1.课文原句：One road in particular, which goes north from La Paz, is considered the most dangerous road in the world. (p12)考点：在高考中，关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句往往经常受到考查，引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词which，既可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子的含义。【高考链接1】My friend showed me round the to
23、wn, _ was very kind of him. (2009全国II) A. which B. that C. where D. it【高考链接2】 Theyve won their last three matches, _ I find a bit surprising actually. (2009辽宁)A. that B. when C. what D. which2. 课文原句：Although there is mot a lot of traffic, on average one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks. (p
24、12)考点：although是从属连词，引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然；尽管；然而”。【高考链接1】_ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.(2009湖南)A. Although B. As long asC. If only D. As soon as【高考链接2】_this is only a small town, its crowded with tourists who come here all
25、year round. (2008上海春季)A. Since B. Unless C. Once D. Although 3. 课文原句：The drop is so great that anyone inside the vehicle is lucky to survive. (p12)考点：so+ adj. /adv. + that clause 句型引导结果状语从句，意思为：“如此以至于” so放在句首时，这时句子要用倒装语序，以示强调。【高考链接1】The weather was _ cold that I didnt like to leave my room. （2008全国卷
26、I）A. really B. such C. too D. so【高考链接2】So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape. （2009山东） A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D. the attack was 【高考链接3】Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language. (上海2007)A. as B. that C. which D. wher
27、e4. 课文原句：He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred metres down the mountain.(p13)考点：was doingwhen意为“正在做某事，这时突然”.此时when 为并列连词，表示“这时突然”.【高考链接】I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps. (湖
28、南2006)A. whileB. when C. since D. after 5. Timoteo has an unusual jobhe is a human traffic signal. （p13）【高考链接】In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a _ for everyone to stand up.（2009湖北）A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure课后反思: 课后训练：1.情景导学上的课后自在练习2.下一课时的课前预习练习题课后学
29、习指导: 牢记本节课所学的词汇、句型的用法。Period 3 Language points. 当堂检测：1. 【高考链接1】【解析】A 考查非限制性定语从句，这儿的which指代前面整句话内容。【高考链接2】【解析】D 考查非限定性定语从句关系词的辨析。此处意思是“我发现他们已经赢得了最后的三场比赛，这一点令人有点吃惊”，which代替上句“Theyve won their last three matches”做find的宾语，选D。A项不能用于非限制性定语从句中，B,C此处没有他们的意思。2. 【高考链接1】【解析】 A 考查从属连词的用法。根据句意，引导让步状语从句。故选A。【高考链接
30、2】【解析】 D 考查连词的基本用法。尽管这是一个小城镇，它每年还是挤满了来这儿的游客。Since自从；unless 除非；once 一旦；although 尽管，虽然。3. 【高考链接1】【解析】D 句意：天太冷了，我不想离开房间。sothat表“太以致于”，其中so为副词，后面跟形容词、副词；suchthat也表“太以致于”，不过其中的such为形容词，后面跟名词、代词。【高考链接2】【解析】C 本题考查倒装，so .that., such .that.的句子结构中，若so, such 和与其所修饰的词置于句首，实行部分倒装，又sudden是形容词，作表语，所以选C。【高考链接3】【解析】B so是副词，常修饰形容词或副词；such是形容词，常修饰名词。“so + adj. + a / an + n. ”相当于“such + a / an + adj. + n.”。4. 【解析】 B 考查 . had done sth. when .句型。此处when为并列连词。5. 【解析】A 考查名词signal n. 暗示，信号。根据句意可知打铃及老师合上书本，这是下课的暗示，选项中只能选择signal。chance“机会”，mark“分数，痕迹”，measure“方法，措施”。