1、备战2021年高考英语语法之主谓一致讲与练（一）一、语法一致原则“语法一致”是指，主语和谓语在单复数形式上保持一致，也就是说，主语名词是复数形式时，谓语动词即复数，主语为单数名词或不可数名词，谓语即为单数形式。The boyisplaying basketball now. 这个男孩现在正在打篮球。Theseboysareplaying basketball now. 这些男孩现在正在打篮球。二、意义一致原则“意义一致”原则是指，主语和谓语在单复数意义上保持一致。也就是说，有时主语名词在语法形式上虽然是单数，却有着复数意义，其后的谓语动词便用复数。反之亦如此。The people herear
2、ereally happy. 这儿的人们非常幸福。Ten dollarsisenough for this book. 十美元足够买这本书了。三、就近原则“就近原则”是指在有些情况下，谓语动词的单复数取决于最靠近它的主语词语的单复数形式。Thereisa book and three pencils on the desk. 桌上有一本书和三支铅笔。Neither my parents nor my elder sisterlikesrunning. 我爸妈和姐姐都不喜欢跑步。四、指代意义决定谓语的单复数1） 在代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more
3、, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。 All is right. (一切顺利。) All are present.(所有人都到齐了。)2） 集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后用复数形式时，意为这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时表示该个集体。 His family isnt very large.他家不是一个大家庭。 His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。 但集合名词people, police, c
4、attle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。Are there any police around?3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。A number of +名词复数+复数动词。The number of +名词复数+单数动词。A number of books have lent out.The majority of the students like English.巩固练习：41.Either of the plans _equally dangerous.A.
5、are B.isC.has D.have42.The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A.is searching B.were searching forC.are searching D.was searching for43.Your trousers _dirty, you must have_ washed.A.is it B.are it C.are them D.is them44.The Olympic games _held every four _.A.is yea
6、rs B.are years C.is year D.are year45.He is the oly one of the students who_elected.A.are B.have C.has D.is46. _a good enough price for this bookA.Two yuans areB.Two yuan are C.Two yuans is D.Two yuan is47.No bird and no beast _in the lonely islandA.are seen B.is seen C.see D.sees48.Every means _pre
7、vent the water from_A.are used to polluting B. get used to pollutingC.is used to , polluted D.is used to ,being polluted49.Each of the _in the ship.A.passenger has his own room B. passengers have their own roomC.passenger have their own room D.sengers has his own room50.What we need _good textbooks.A.is B.are C.have D.has【答案解析】41-45 BBCBD 46-50 DBDDB