1、河南省南阳市第一中学2019-2020学年高二英语下学期第三次月考（6月）试题（含解析）本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分, 共120分。考试时间110分钟。第二部分阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ALooking for somewhere to go during the months of December, January and February? From snow-capped ski resorts to sunny islands, these a
2、re the hottest travel destinations to visit this winter.St. LuciaLonging for a tropical （热带的）getaway? Set your sights on St. Lucia. With Kayak reporting a 197 percent surge （激增）in interest, this Eastern Caribbean island nation is on the verge of blowing up.Which shouldnt be a shock given that it del
3、ivers a mix of volcanic coastline, lush rainforests, dramatic mountains, coral reefs, and high-end resorts. Simply put： whether youre seeking romance or adventure, youll find it in St. Lucia.Mexico City, MexicoWith mouth-watering food, fashionable hotels, superb shopping, and tons of historic sites,
4、 Mexico City is definitely one to add to your list for the upcoming winter season. Since its a major international airport, you can usually score flight deals.New York CityWhile theres no bad month to experience the Big Apple, the frosty season is particularly magical. Guess thats why New York City
5、ranks among the most searched winter travel destinations, according to Expedia. The most cherished attractions? The ice skating rink（溜冰场）at Rockefeller Center and sledding in Central Park.Paris“Many people frequent Paris in spring and summer,” reveals Hudson. “The trade-off for picture-perfect weath
6、er? Long lines at museums, plus a Metro chock-full of map-toting tourists. ” Based on Expedia data, the cheapest month to go to Paris is February. Our advice? Pack your most fashionable raincoat and let the winter sadness fade away in the City of Light.1. Where will you go if you long for a risky tr
7、ip?A. St. Lucia.B. Mexico City Mexico.C. New York City.D. Paris.2. What is special about Mexico City?A. Its weather is always great.B. It often offers discounted air tickets.C. It provides magical experience in winter.D. It is the most searched winter travel destination.3. What can we learn about Pa
8、ris?A. It is a fashionable city.B. Its climate is quite perfect.C. Its winter sports are attractive.D. It is a popular tourist destination in spring.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍四处冬季最热门的旅游胜地。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据St. Lucia部分中的“whether you re seeking romance or adventure, you ll find it in St.
9、 Lucia.( 不管你是寻求浪漫还是冒险，你都可以在St. Lucia感受得到。) ”可知，如果你渴望一场刺激冒险的旅行，你可以去St. Lucia。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Mexico City，Mexico部分的“Since it s a major international airport, you can usually score flight deals.( 由于它是一个主要的国际机场，因此你通常可以获得机票优惠。) ”可知，墨西哥城的特别之处在于这个城市的机场经常会售卖打折的机票。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Paris部分的“Many people fre
10、quent Paris in spring and summer.(许多人在春季和夏季都常去巴黎。)”可知，在春季，巴黎是一个深受游客欢迎的旅游胜地。故选D。【点睛】细节题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。细节题大多根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等而进行设向。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种，直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。如第3小题，根据Paris部分的“Many people frequent Paris in spring and summer.(许多人在春季和夏季都常去巴黎。)”可知，在春季，巴黎是一个深受游客欢
11、迎的旅游胜地。故选D。而语义理解题则先需要从文章中找到与提问有关的信息或其变体，再进行分析对比，找出容案。如第2小题，根据Mexico City，Mexico部分的“Since it s a major international airport, you can usually score flight deals.( 由于它是一个主要的国际机场，因此你通常可以获得机票优惠。) ”可知，墨西哥城的特别之处在于这个城市的机场经常会售卖打折的机票，这里需要对原文的score flight deal和选项中的discounted air tickets进行语意上的转化理解，即“打折的机票”。故选B
12、。BI remember the day when I first learned to ride a bike. It was a frightening, yet fun experience. My granddad was the one who taught me and he helped me when I got hurt. The first time I got on a bike, I had no idea what I was doing, and just about everything went wrong. My granddad told me to jus
13、t put my feet on the pedals and start pedaling (骑自行车). He also told me he would hold onto the back of the bike the whole time, yet he didnt.As soon as I started trying to balance myself, he let go. I happened to look back just then. I was scared, to death that I was going to fall and hurt myself. Wh
14、en I was scared, my mind went blank from pedaling, and I just wanted off. I forgot how to use the brakes (车闸) and fell right off the bike. My granddad kept encouraging me to get up and try again, and after about 15 minutes, 1 finally stopped crying, got up and tried again.As soon as I started pedali
15、ng again, my pants got caught in the chain, and I fell flat on my face and hit my nose. Since that happened t my granddad decided to call it a day and try again the next morning. The next morning I woke up bright and early, and was very eager to try to ride my bike. My nose felt better, so I wasnt t
16、hat afraid of falling anymore.Though I knew there were a lot of difficulties on the way to mastering the skills in riding a bike, I believed I could do well with my granddads help. After all, riding a bike was what I wanted to do eagerly.4. How was the author when he was on the bike first?A. He didn
17、t know where he would be going.B. He thought balancing himself was easy.C. He was nervous and didnt know what to do next.D. He put his feet on the pedals and started pedaling.5. What does the underlined part in the passage mean?A. Remember what happened this day.B. Make the author feel happy.C. Stop
18、 practicing bicycling.D. Go on to ride a bike.6. What is the authors attitude towards his granddad?A. Supportive.B. Grateful.C. Indifferent.D. Negative.7. Which of the following could be the title for the passage?A. The Experience of My First Riding a BikeB. The Difficulty I Met with My GranddadC. T
19、he First Time I Got My Own BikeD. The Great Moment When I Stayed with My Granddad【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在祖父的帮助下，第一次学习骑自行车的经历。【4题详解】细节理解题。答案定位在第一段The first time I got on a bike, I had no idea what I was doing, and just about everything went wrong.可知作者第一次在自行车上时，作者很紧张，不知道下一步该做什么，故选C
20、。【5题详解】词义猜测题。下文and try again the next morning.说第二天早晨再尝试，可猜测出my granddad decided to call it a day的意思是我的祖父决定暂停，故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。答案定位在最后一段Though I knew there were a lot of difficulties on the way to mastering the skills in riding a bike, l believed I could do well with my granddads help.这句话意思是我知道在掌握骑自行车
21、技巧的路上会有许多困难，但是我相信在我祖父的帮助下，我能做好，由此推断出作者对于祖父的态度是感谢。A. Supportive.支持的；B. Grateful.感谢的；C. Indifferent.冷漠的；D. Negative.否定的，故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通过阅读全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了作者在祖父的帮助下，第一次学习骑自行车的经历，故选A。CWith self-driving vehicle technology rapidly advancing, many companies are turning to autonomous robots for the final l
22、eg of the delivery process, from the store or local distribution center to the customer. The latest to join the trend is e-commerce giant Amazon. Following a successful eight-month test run in Snohomish County, Washington, the companys Scout robots have been making the rounds of Irvine, California,
23、since August 6, 2019.The six-wheeled Scout is about the size of a large cooler with the capacity to carry small or medium-sized packages. The battery-powered vehicle, which moves at a regular walking pace, has been programmed to avoid pedestrians, animals, and unexpected obstacles, such as garbage c
24、ans. Its powerful sensors can also detect the movement of a car backing out of a driveway.To accelerate Scouts development and bring it nationwide sooner, the company has created several detailed virtual maps of American suburbs and conducted trial deliveries to homes there.Though Amazon has not sho
25、wn how Scout ensures the delivery is picked up by the right person, it most likely requires the customers to apply a unique code, texted to them prior to the delivery, to unlock the store box. Also unclear is the number of deliveries Scout can complete before its battery needs to be recharged. Thoug
26、h the initial tests are being conducted with a human for company, the robot will be autonomous in the future. Its location, however, will be tracked at all timesif someone attempts to steal Scout, Amazon employees will be instantly sensed.However, the eco-friendly robots are unable to climb stairs o
27、r open gates, which means that they can only reach consumers who live on the ground level. Additionally, the robots are unable to leave packages at the front door if the customers are not home. Whether these problems get resolved remains to be seen. For now, it appears that humans will still be need
28、ed to achieve the ever-growing demand for home and office deliveries.8. Which of the following descriptions about Scout is right?A. They can be powered themselves.B. They are strong enough to carry big things.C. They can run with their six wheels.D. They can avoid obstacles ahead.9. What about Scout
29、 is still confusing to common people?A. How many deliveries it can do on a full charge.B. Whether it can climb stairs or open gates.C. How it recognizes the right owner of the things.D. How long it will take to get it fully charged.10. What does the underlined phrase “prior to” in paragraph 4 mean?A
30、. due toB. afterC. in front ofD. before11. What is the authors opinion about delivery robots according to the last paragraph?A. They are not easily available.B. They have some limitations.C. They will replace humans soon.D. They wont be well accepted.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了为了解决
31、送货的最后一公里问题，机器人应运而生，许多商业巨头正在这一领域加紧努力。同时介绍了机器人外观，工作原理，以及还需要解决的问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中The battery-powered vehicle, which moves at a regular walking pace, has been programmed to avoid pedestrians, animals, and unexpected obstacles, such as garbage cans.可知这款由电池驱动的汽车以正常的步行速度行驶，经过编程可以避开行人、动物和垃圾桶等意外障碍物。由此可知，D
32、选项“它们可以避开前面的障碍”正确。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Also unclear is the number of deliveries Scout can complete before its battery needs to be recharged.可知同样不清楚的是，在需要充电之前，Scout能完成多少次投递。由此可知，普通人对Scout困惑的是Scout充满电可以送多少次货。故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文it most likely requires the customers to apply a unique code, texted to
33、them以及划线短语后文to unlock the store box可知Scout很可能要求顾客在送货前，使用发送给他们的唯一代码来解锁商店的盒子。由此可知，划线短语意思“在之前”。A. due to因为；B. after 在之后；C. in front of在前面；D. before在之前。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中However, the eco-friendly robots are unable to climb stairs or open gates, which means that they can only reach consumers who li
34、ve on the ground level. Additionally, the robots are unable to leave packages at the front door if the customers are not home. Whether these problems get resolved remains to be seen.可知然而，这些环保机器人不能爬楼梯或打开大门，这意味着它们只能接触住在地面的消费者。此外，如果顾客不在家，机器人不能把包裹放在门前。这些问题能否得到解决还有待观察。由此可推知，作者对送货机器人的看法是它们有一些局限性。故选B。DJust
35、 how much does the Constitution(宪法) protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant (授权令) if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to restore the practice that th
36、e police may search through the contents of suspects smartphones at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state says, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies .The justices would be careless if they followed Californias advice. They should start by rejecting
37、 Californias weak argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone is similar to say, going through a suspects wallet. The court has ruled that police dont offend against the Fourth Amendment(修正案) when they go through the wallet of an arrestee without a warrant. In fact, exploring ones smartpho
38、ne is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestees reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence.Americans should take steps to protect their own digital privacy and should avoid putting important information in sm
39、artphones. But keeping sensitive information on these devices is increasingly a requirement of normal life. Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitutions prohibition on unreasonable searches.In many cases, it would not be very difficult
40、for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents. They could still trump(打出王牌) the Fourth Amendment protections when facing severe and dangerous circumstances, such as the threat of immediate harm, and they could take reasonable measures to ensure that phone data are not deleted
41、or altered while a warrant is on the way. The justices, though, may want to allow room for police to cite situations where they are entitled to more flexibility.But the justices should not swallow Californias argument whole. New technology sometimes demands fresh applications of the Constitutions pr
42、otections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th. At that time, the justices had to explain new rules for the new personal domain(领域) of cars.
43、 Similarly, the justices must sort out how the Fourth Amendment of the Constitution applies to digital information now.12. The authors attitude toward Californias argument is _.A. skepticalB. tolerantC. indifferentD. disapproving13. The author believes that exploring ones phone content is comparable
44、 to_.A. getting into ones residenceB. handing ones historical recordsC. scanning ones correspondencesD. going through ones wallet14. In paragraph 4 and 5, the author shows his concern that_.A. principles are hard to be clearly expressedB. citizens privacy is not effectively protectedC. phones are us
45、ed to store sensitive informationD. the court is giving police less room for action15. Orin Kerrs comparison is quoted to indicate that_.A. the Constitution should be implemented flexiblyB. Principles of the Constitution should never be changedC. New technology requires reinterpretation of the Const
46、itutionD. Californias argument violates principles of the Constitution【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C【解析】本文为议论文。本文主要讲述了最高法院考虑警察在逮捕嫌犯时，能否在没有搜查令的情况下，搜查被捕者的手机内容，以及宪法应保护个人数字隐私这一更大的问题。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中The justices would be careless if they followed Californias advice. They should start by rejecting Califor
47、nias weak argument that exploring the contents of a smart phone is similar to say, going through a suspects wallet.可知如果法官们听从加州的建议，那就草率了。他们应该首先拒绝加州的薄弱的论点，即探索智能手机的内容类似于说，翻阅嫌疑人的钱包。由此可推知，作者对加利福尼亚的观点持不支持态度。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中In fact, exploring ones smartphone is more like entering his or her home.可知事
48、实上，查看一个人的智能手机更像是进入他或她的家。由此可知，作者认为查看一个人的手机就好比进入了这个人的家。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Citizens still have a right to expect private documents to remain private and protected by the Constitutions prohibition on unreasonable searches.可知公民仍然有权期待私人文件保持隐私，并受到宪法禁止不合理搜查的保护。以及第五段中In many cases, it would not be very d
49、ifficult for authorities to obtain a warrant to search through phone contents.可知在很多情况下，当局获得搜查令来搜查手机内容并不困难。文章第四段中作者提出人们应该重视对个人数据隐私的保护，并避免在手机里存放重要信息，但这一点随着时代发展越来越难做到，第五段则表明警方想要查看人们的手机内容，并不难做到。由此可推知，作者对于人们的个人隐私，能否得到有效保护，是比较担心的。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion a
50、nd accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th. “At that time, the justices had to explain new rules for the new personal domain of cars. Similarly, the justices must sort out how the Fourth Amendment of
51、 the Constitution applies to digital information now.”可知法学教授Orin Kerr将20世纪将手机使用视为生活必需和21世纪的数字化信息的爆发和可获取作比较，表示当时的法官为新领域解释了新规则，言下之意就是今天的宪法也必须与时俱进，作出相应的调整。由此可推知，引用Orin Kerr的比较是为了表明新技术需要宪法重新解释。故选C。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Will there be an outbreak of bird flu that t
52、hreatens humans? Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic (大流行病) will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus could mutate(变异), leading to widespread infection._16_Heres what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.Stock up on food, water and household supplies. If
53、 there is a bird flu pandemic, youll want to minimize your chance of catching it by staying indoors; you might even be required to stay home if the government asks that people remain in quarantine (隔离期). Youd better stock up today on at least 2-week worth of essentials such as water, food, emergency
54、 and medical supplies. _17_Have an outbreak plan. It may feel odd or uncomfortable to talk to family members and loved ones about the worst-case pandemic scenario. But if that scenario strikes, youll all be much better off if you have a plan decided on and ready. _18_ Figure out how you would care f
55、or them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those with special care needs._19_ Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting sufficient rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also kee
56、p you from catching the common cold. Particularly in a flu outbreak situation, it will be important to wash our hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Be diligent about covering coughs and sneezes with tissues.Moreover, know your essential health information such as blood type, allergies
57、, and past or current medical conditions. Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family. _20_ And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.A. Work out regularly to stay slim.B. Pick up the habits of healthy behavior.C. It is wise to keep it somewh
58、ere safe and visible.D. Its important to ask yourself these questions before a pandemic occurs.E. Talk with your friends and family about how youd respond to an epidemic.F. In that case, the best thing you can do right now is to prepare for that possibility.G. That will help you get through an exten
59、ded time at home if an outbreak happens.【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. B 20. C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。许多专家对于何时或是否会发生流感大流行病持不同意见，但专家一致表示病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染。文章介绍了人们需要了解的保持健康的知识。【16题详解】考查段中句。根据空前“Many experts disagree on when or whether a human pandemic (大流行病) will occur, but do say there is a chance that the virus
60、could mutate (变异), leading to widespread infection.(许多专家对于意何时或是否会发生大流行病持不同意见，但专家一致表示病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染)”和空后“Heres what you need to know to help keep yourself healthy.(这里是你需要了解的帮助自己保持健康的知识)”可知，F项（在这种情况下，你现在可以做的最好的事情就是为这种可能性做准备）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的that possibility指的是前一句中的“病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”。故选F项。【
61、17题详解】考查段尾句。根据空前“Youd better stock up today on at least 2-week worth of essentials such as water, food, emergency and medical supplies.(你最好今天就储存至少两周的必需品，例如水，食物，应急物资和医疗用品)”可知，G项（如果流感爆发，这将帮助你在家度过较长的时间）能够承接上文。该选项中的that指的是前一句的做法。故选G项。【18题详解】考查段中句。根据空前“But if that scenario strikes, youll all be much bett
62、er off if you have a plan decided on and ready. (但是，如果发生这种情况，如果你已制定计划并准备就绪，那么你的处境就会好很多)”和空后“Figure out how you would care for them and what your first response and responsibilities would be; this is an especially important conversation to have with those with special care needs.(弄清楚你将如何照顾他们以及你的第一反应和
63、责任是什么，这是与有特殊护理需求的人进行的特别重要的对话)”可知，E项（与你的朋友和家人谈论你如何应对流行病）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。空格后的内容是对该选项的具体解释。故选E项。【19题详解】考查段首句。根据空后“Things like keeping a balanced diet, exercising regularly and getting sufficient rest can help keep you healthy in an outbreak and also keep you from catching the common cold.(保持均衡饮食，规律运动和充
64、足休息等事情可以帮助你在流感暴发中保持健康，也可以预防普通感冒)”可知，B项（养成健康行为习惯）能够与下文连接通顺。空格后内容是对该选项的具体举例。故选B项。【20题详解】考查段中句。根据空前“Make a list of that essential information for all the members of your family.(列出所有家庭成员的基本信息)”和空后“And do make sure everyone in your household knows where to find it.(并确保你家中的每个人都知道在哪里可以找到它)”可知，C项（将其放置在安全可见
65、的地方是明智的）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。故选C项。【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空格处前后的内容，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现，代词的指代等。在本文中，第1小题：F选项中的that possibility指的是前一句中的“病毒有可能发生变异并导致人们广泛的感染”；第2小题：G选项中的that指的是前一句的做法；第5小题：C选项中的第二个it指的是前一句的list。第三部分 语言知识运用 (共三节，满分45分)第一节 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)阅读下面短
66、文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.What were you like as a teenager? I was a _21_. I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework, hung out with the wrong people and made many _22_ decisions. Apparently, this is the age when teenagers are out of control and _23_ badly. I
67、f youre a teenager now, you think this is _24_ criticism or its not your fault. Well, you might be _25_!Experts have found that its a teenagers brain that is to _26_. Between the ages of _27_ 13 to 19 the brain is still developing in areas that _28_ behaviour. This has an/a _29_ on learning and mult
68、itasking, stress and memory, sleep, addiction, and decision-making. This is quite a new _30_, according to Professor Sarah, when I was at university, the dogma (教条) in the text books was that the vast brain _31_ goes on in the first few years of life and nothing much _32_ after mid-childhood. That d
69、ogma is completely _33_.So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought. Is this the perfect excuse for teenagers to _34_ and not get their homework done on time? Its something to do with our prefrontal cortex (前额皮层). Its involved in many high-level cognitive (认知的) _35_ suc
70、h as decision making and planning. This region is undergoing large amounts of development during the adolescent years. For an/a_36_, this hasnt developed yet. So getting organized to do their homework, for example, can be a bit _37_.I wish Id known about this because instead of telling my _38_ Id le
71、ft my homework on the bus or that the dog had _39_ it. Now I could say, Sorry sir, my _40_ isnt developed enough for the cognitive task of planning my homework.21. A. princeB. nightmareC. foolD. joke22. A. realB. wiseC. badD. good23. A. dressB. talkC. reactD. behave24. A. unfairB. practicalC. funD.
72、reasonable25. A. dullB. rightC. wrongD. precise26. A. praiseB. blameC. wakeD. call27 A. appropriatelyB. alternativelyC. frequentlyD. approximately28. A. controlB. useC. expressD. play29. A. touchB. impactC. roleD. advantage30. A. wayB. inventionC. discoveryD. job31. A. explorationB. experimentC. pro
73、gressD. development32. A. changesB. staysC. remainsD. leaves33. A. trueB. unknownC. falseD. satisfying34. A. get overB. hang aroundC. look aroundD. take off35. A. interestsB. resultsC. drawbacksD. tasks36. A. adultB. scientistC. teenagerD. baby37. A. exhaustingB. simpleC. challengingD. late38. A. bo
74、ssB. teacherC. trainerD. colleague39. A. eatenB. seenC. passedD. recognized40. A. knowledgeB. bodyC. identityD. brain【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. A 40. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于青少年大脑的新发现，这一发现可以用来解释青少年一些行为的成因。【21题详解】考
75、查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个噩梦。A. prince王子；B. nightmare噩梦；C. fool傻瓜；D. joke笑话。根据下文的I was rude to my parents, always stayed out late, never did my homework可知作者不是一个好学生，故此处用“噩梦”符合语境，故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我对父母很粗鲁，经常在外面呆到很晚，从不做家庭作业，和不好的人在外面瞎混，做出很多糟糕的决定。A. real针对；B. wise明智的；C. bad糟糕的；D. good好的。根据前文的hung out with th
76、e wrong people可知此处用“糟糕的决定”符合语境，bad和wrong是同义词复现，故选C项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，这是一个青少年控制不住自己和行为举止糟糕的年龄。A. dress给某人穿；B. talk 谈话；C. react反应；D. behave行为，举止。结合上文内容可知，前面讲述的都是作何的行为，且下文的that _8_ behaviour也有暗示，behave和behavior是同义词复现，故选D项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你现在是一个青少年，你会认为这是不公平的评价，或者这不是你的错。A. unfair不公平的；B. prac
77、tical实际的；C. fun有趣的；D. reasonable合理的。根据下文的its not your fault可知此处用“不公平的评价”符合语境，故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你可能是正确的。A. dull 无聊的；B. right正确的；C. wrong错误的；D. precise准确的。根据第二段和第三段的分析得知青少年的行为举止和大脑发育由关系，故用此处用“你可能是正确的”符合语境，故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：专家们已经发现青少年的大脑要对这种情况负责。A. praise表扬；B. blame负责，责备；C. wake醒来；D. call打
78、电话。结合句意可知，此处考查短语be to blame“负责”，故选B项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大约从13到19岁大脑控制行为的区域仍然在发展。A. appropriately合适地；B. alternatively或者；C. frequently频繁地；D. approximately大约。结合句意可知，此处是大概的数据，故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. control控制；B. use使用； C. express表达；D. play玩耍。结合句意可知，此处是指控制行为的大脑区域，故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对学习、多任务处理、
79、压力和记忆、睡眠、爱好和做决定有影响。A. touch触摸；B. impact影响；C. role角色；D. advantage优势。结合上下文可知，此处是指，这些区域会影响青少年的很多方面，故选B项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：据Sarah教授说，这是一个非常新的发现。A. way方法；B. invention发明；C. discovery发现；D. job工作。根据上文的Experts have found that its a teenagers brain that is to _6_.可知此处用“发现”符合语境，故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我读大学时，
80、书本上说大脑的巨大发展发生在生命的头几年，在童年中期过后就没有多大改变了。A. exploration探索；B. experiment实验；C. progress进步；D. development发展。根据前文的Between the ages of _7_ 13 to 19 the brain is still developing in areas可知此处用“发展”符合语境，develop是原词复现，故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. changes改变；B. stays 待，保持；C. remains保持；D. leaves离开。结合上下文可知，此处是指人的大脑在
81、童年中期后就不会有多大改变了，故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个教条完全错了。A. true真的；B. unknown不知道的；C. false 错的；D. satisfying满意的。根据下文的So our brains are still developing much later than was originally thought.可知以前的说法是错误的，故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这真的是青少年在外闲逛，不按时完成家庭作业的最佳借口吗？A. get over克服；B. hang around 闲逛；C. look around环视；D. ta
82、ke off脱下。根据上文的hung out with the wrong people可知此处用“闲逛”符合语境，hang out是原词复现，故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这涉及到很多高水平的认知任务，例如决策和计划。A. interests兴趣；B. results结果；C. drawbacks缺点；D. tasks任务。根据下文的for the cognitive task of planning my homework可知此处用“任务”符合语境，task是原词复现，故选D项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于一个青少年来说，这还没有发展。A. adult成人；
83、B. scientist科学家；C. teenager青少年；D. baby婴儿。根据下文的This region is undergoing large amounts of development during the adolescent years.可知此处用“青少年”符合语境，teenager和adolescent是同义词复现，故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，非常有组织计划地来完成家庭作业是有挑战的。A. exhausting令人劳累的；B. simple简单的；C. challenging挑战的；D. late迟的。根据前文的this hasnt devel
84、oped yet.推测青少年有组织计划地完成作业是有挑战的，故选C项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望早点知道这些关于大脑的研究发现，因为就不用编造借口告诉老师作业留在了公车上或者被狗吃掉了。A. boss老板；B. teacher老师；C. trainer教练；D. colleague同事。根据my homework可判断此处用“老师”符合语境，故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. eaten吃；B. seen看见；C. passed传递；D. recognized认出。结合句意可知，此处是指编谎话说家庭作业被狗吃了，故选A项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析
85、。句意：对不起，老师。我的大脑还没有发展到足以让我能够完成安排家庭作业的认知任务。A. knowledge知识；B. body 身体；C. identity身份；D. brain大脑。全文讲的就是大脑的发育在青少年时期还在进行，没有完成，故选D项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Im a Muslim. Once I was eating at a restaurant,where there was a father _41_（seat)next to my desk with his two girls. I
86、_42_（overhear)their conversation. The girls were _43_（constant)asking about everything and anything. And I was fascinated by their _44_（curious). One of the girls looked at me and asked,Daddy,why is she wearing that way?Her dad responded _45_ something that made my heart so warm. He said,There are d
87、ifferent religions,cultures and languages. We have to respect and learn about them. He then went on _46_（share)his personal experience of living abroad and learning to speak Spanish. This reminded me of a Harvard study that I had read about. Children who _47_（expose)to racism tend to accept and embr
88、ace _48_as young as age 3,and in just a matter of days. Only at that time did I realize the importance of the way we teach children about love,acceptance,understanding and respect. It should start from an early age. The _49_（early),the better. Kids imitate their parents views and behaviour. It is yo
89、u _50_are their role model.【答案】41. seated 42. overheard 43. constantly 44. curiosity 45. with 46. to share 47. are exposed 48. it 49. earlier 50. that/who【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是两个小女孩在餐厅里好奇地询问事情的故事。在餐厅的作者那时才意识到我们教育孩子爱、接纳、理解和尊重的方式的重要性。【41题详解】考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：有一次我在一家餐馆吃饭，一位父亲和他的两个女儿坐在我的桌旁。此处seat是及物动词，意思是“使坐下”
90、，和father之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语。故填seated。【42题详解】考查一般过去时态。句意：我无意中听到了他们的谈话。此处“听到了他们的谈话”是已经过去的事情，句子应该用一般过去时态，故填overheard。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：姑娘们持续不断地问一切事情。此处asking是动词，由副词修饰，故填constantly。【44题详解】考查名词。介词by之后，用名词，此处their是形容词性的物主代词，修饰名词。故填curiosity。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：她爸爸的回应让我的心很温暖。介词with“和在一起，具有，用”，此处指“用”一些事情回应。故填with。
91、【46题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他接着分享了他在国外生活和学习西班牙语的个人经历。固定搭配：go on doing sth.“继续做同一件事”；go on to do sth.“继续做另一件事”。此处指继续分享了“另一件事”。故填to share。【47题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：接触过种族主义的孩子在3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它，而且在几天之内就会接受。固定搭配：be exposed to sth./doing sth.“曝光，暴露”。这里在说一个客观事实，且句子主语是Children，复数形式，所以句子用一般现在时态的被动语态。故填are exposed。【48题详解】考查代词it的用
92、法。句意：接触过种族主义的孩子在3岁的时候就倾向于接受和拥抱它，而且在几天之内就会接受。此处用it指代前面的racism。故填it。【49题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：越早越好。固定句型：the+比较级，the+比较级“越越”。故填earlier。【50题详解】考查强调句型。句意：你才是他们的榜样。把It is和该空去掉，这个句子结构完整，语义清晰，所以判断出该句是强调句。强调句的基本结构是：it is/ was + 被强调部分+ that +句子的其他成分。如果被强调的部分是人，也可以用who代替that，此处强调主语“you”，强调部分指人。故填that/who。第三节单词拼写51. _
93、(injure) to the back are common among these workers.52. Only by keeping down costs will China maintain its _(compete) edge over other countries.53. Alipay, _(found) by Alibaba Group in 2004, is Chinas largest online payment platform.54. We devoted several days to _(explore) the magnificent Maya site
94、s.55. Thanks for your generous help, otherwise we would _(suffer) great losses.56. Written records show that acupuncture (针灸) _(date) back to the Song Dynasty.57. David is lively and cheerful while his sister Catherine is quiet to shyness, never speaking unless _ (speak) to.58. As a member of societ
95、y, I am aware that being responsible is _ it takes to make a better society.59. Stress is a reaction, physical, mental, or emotional, _ demands or changes in your life.60. For her travel was an escape from the _ (bore) of her everyday life.【答案】51. injuries 52. competitive 53. founded 54. exploring 5
96、5. have suffered 56. dates 57. spoken 58. what 59. to 60. boredom【解析】【51题详解】考查名词。句意：背部受伤对这些工人来说是很正常的。injuries to the +身体部位，表示身体某处受伤，这里工人是复数且空格前面无冠词，所以injuries用复数形式。故填injuries。【52题详解】考查形容词。句意：只有通过降低成本，中国才能保持相对于其他国家的竞争优势。这里空格后面是名词edge，表示优势，所以前面缺少一个形容词，构成竞争优势。故填competitive。【53题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：支付宝由阿里巴巴集团于
97、2004年创立，是中国最大的在线支付平台。这里主句是Alipay is Chinas largest online payment platform.，用逗号隔开的部分是对主语Alipay的解释，所以动词found是非谓语动词，found的过去分词形式做Alipay的后置定语，表示被动。故填founded。【54题详解】考查动名词。句意：我们花了好几天来探索玛雅遗址。这里devoteto 是固定搭配，to是介词，后面动词需要用动名词形式，故填exploring。【55题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：谢谢你慷慨的帮助，否则我们将遭受巨大损失。would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假
98、设，意思是“本来会做”。故填have suffered。【56题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：书面记录显示，针灸可以追溯到宋代。这里主语是acupuncture，是单数形式，整句话表述一个事实，用一般现在时，根据主谓一致原则，这里动词用第三人称单数形式。故填dates。【57题详解】考查过去分词。句意：大卫活泼开朗，而他的妹妹凯瑟琳则沉默腼腆，除非别人跟她说话，否则从来不说话。这里后半句话的主语是Katherine, 主语和speak的关系是被动关系，所以用过去分词表示被动，故填spoken。【58题详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：作为社会的一员，我知道有责任是使社会更美好的必要条件。从句部分是
99、表语从句，从句缺少宾语，且指物，这里填what做it takes 的宾语。故填what。【59题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：压力是对你生活中的需求或变化生理的，心理的，情感上的一种反应。a reaction to 表示“的反应”，是固定搭配。故填to。【60题详解】考查名词。句意：对她来说旅行摆脱日常生活无聊的一种方式。这里theof表示的，中间需要加名词，bore的名词是boredom, 故填boredom。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）61.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误
100、，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。I am grateful to my English teacher Susan, at whose help I couldnt have won first prize in the English Talent Competition for high school student last
101、week.I used to be poorly in spoken English. I was too shy to speak in class. Since she teaches us last term, she has been encouraging him to overcome fear and speak out in class. Thanks to her, I have made great progresses. Besides, I practiced several times in the front of her. It was her advice wh
102、ich made me a better speaker and full of confidence. But I owe my success to her.Susan set a good example to me. I am determined to become an English teacher when I grow up.【答案】1. atwithout 2. studentstudents 3. poorlypoor 4. teachestaught5. himme6. progressesprogress7. 去掉front前面的the8 . whichthat9.
103、ButSo10. set 前加has【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者主要记叙了自己的英语老师Susan对自己学习上的帮助。老师帮助作者克服恐惧，在课堂上发言，正是她的建议使作者成为了一个更好的演讲者。【详解】1.考查介词。句意：我很感激我的英语老师Susan，没有她的帮助，我不可能在上周的中学生英语竞赛中获得一等奖。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句，且结合句意可知表示“没有”应用介词without。故at改为without。2.考查名词的数。student为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故student改为students。3.考查形容词。根据上文I used to be可知
104、此处作的表语应用形容词 poor，短语be poor in“在方面差”。故poorly改为poor。4.考查动词时态。根据后文last term可知应用一般过去时。故teaches改为taught。5.考查代词。句意：自从上学期她教我们，她一直鼓励我克服恐惧，在课堂上发言。结合本文是以第一人称来写的，所以此处应用 me做encouraging的宾语。故him改为me。6.考查名词。progress为不可数名词，没有复数形式，短语make great progress“取得巨大进步”。故progresses改为progress。7.考查固定短语。句意：此外，我在她面前练习了好几次。结合句意表示“
105、在某人的前面”应用短语 in front of，in the front of 强调在空间内部的前面。故去掉front前面的the。8.考查强调句。分析句子结构可知此处为强调句结构“it is/was +被强调部分+that+其他”，被强调部分为人时，that可以替换为who，此处强调her advice“她的建议”，应用that。故which改为that。9.考查连词。句意：所以我的成功归功于她。结合上下文语境可知此处为因果关系，应用连词so。故But改为So。10.考查动词时态。Susan对作者的帮助发生在过去，对他的影响一直存在，故用现在完成时态，主语为Susan，助动词应用has。故s
106、et 前加has。第二节书面表达（满分25分）62.假设你是李华，近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画（traditional Chinese painting）比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：1.活动时间、地点； 2.活动概况； 3.活动意义。注意：1.词数120左右；2.可行当增加细节，以使行文连贯_【答案】Last Friday witnessed a traditional Chinese painting competition “Beautiful China” on campus, which has sparked a growing love for t
107、raditional art.As the competition began at 9 a.m. on the playground, participants laid out the paper, picked up the paintbrush and gave full play to their talent. Two hours later, the competition came to an end. The results will be announced in two days, and the winning entries will be on show in th
108、e exhibition hall.Most of the students think highly of this live painting competition, which is a real feast for painting lovers. Not only does it help to broaden their horizons but it also provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.【解析】【分析】这是
109、一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是李华，近期你校举办了主题为“美丽中国”的现场国画（traditional Chinese painting）比赛。请为校报英文专栏写一篇活动报道。内容包括：1.活动时间、地点；2.活动概况；3.活动意义。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：traditional Chinese painting (国画)；campus (校园)；participants (参与者)；give full play to (充分发挥)；come to an end (结束)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要
110、应用一般过去时和一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Last Friday witnessed a traditional Chinese painting competition “Beautiful China” on campus, which has sparked a growing love for traditional art.运用了非限制性定语从句；Not only does it help to broaden their horizons but it also provides a platform for them to explore the beauty of China and experience the charm of Chinese art.运用了部分倒装。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。