1、核心素养测评 五必修1 Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero(限时35分钟). 阅读理解Role models are powerful. No matter what stage of life youre at, its good to have someone who encourages you to be the best version of yourself. Recent winners of national commendations(表彰) mean we have a wider range of possible role models.
2、 As part of the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of the Peoples Republic of China(PRC), President Xi Jinping signed a presidential decree(主席令)on Sept 17 to award 42 people the Medal of the Republic, the Friendship Medal and national honorary(荣誉的)titles, China Daily reported. Recip
3、ients come from various backgrounds, including scientists, lawmakers, educators, artists, model workers and six non-Chinese individuals. All have made big contributions to the nations construction and development. Chinese scientist Tu Youyou is one of the eight who were awarded the Medal of the Repu
4、blic. Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her discovery of the malaria drug artemisinin (抗疟药物青蒿素), is the first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. She has saved millions of lives worldwide. She has also made important scientific innovations in traditional Chinese medici
5、ne. “It is my dream that Chinese medicine will help us conquer(战胜)life-threatening diseases worldwide and that people across the globe will enjoy its benefits, ”Tu once wrote in the science journal Nature Medicine. Tu is not the only one who has given her life to the countrys development. Nan Rendon
6、g, before his death in 2017, led the research and development of Chinas Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope(FAST, 500米口径球面射电望远镜), the worlds largest radio telescope. He worked on the project for more than 20 years. The facility(设备)he designed helps humans search for extraterrestria
7、l civilizations(外星文明)and marked a Chinese technological milestone. His contributions to Chinese astronomy(天文) earned him the title, “the peoples scientist”. Also receiving awards are six foreign friends who have lent their hands to assist with Chinas prosperity(繁荣). Former French Prime Minister Jean
8、-Pierre Raffarin, an honoree of the Friendship Medal, is an advocate(支持者)of the Belt and Road Initiative. Having worked to strengthen the friendship between French and Chinese people in the past decades, he told Xinhua that he is“sincerely pleased”with the honor. “To work for this friendship is to w
9、ork for peace, ”Raffarin said. Thanks to the great efforts made by these heroic figures, we can live in a prosperous and peaceful country. Hopefully these role models can also light the way for future nation building. 【文章大意】榜样的力量是无穷的。作为建国70周年庆典的一部分, 习近平主席签署了一项主席令嘉奖对国家建设和发展做出杰出贡献的屠呦呦、南仁东以及法国前总理Jean-P
10、ierre Raffarin等人。文章主要介绍了这三位杰出人物的事迹。1. Whats the main purpose of the article?A. To express thanks to national heroes. B. To tell readers what makes a good role model. C. To describe the national honorary titles awarded recently. D. To introduce some of the people who won national awards. 【解析】选D。目的意图题
11、。根据文章第一段首句“Role models are powerful. ”与第二段习近平签署的嘉奖主席令以及后文对三位杰出人物的介绍可知, 本文的写作目的就是介绍获奖的人。2. What do we know about Tu Youyou?A. She is the only woman to be awarded the Medal of the Republic. B. She won a Nobel Prize for her discovery of artemisinin in 2017. C. She has helped millions of people around t
12、he world defeat malaria. D. She has helped traditional Chinese medicine gain popularity worldwide. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Tu, who won the 2015 Nobel Prize for her discovery of the malaria drug artemisinin. . . she has saved millions of lives worldwide. ”可知, 屠呦呦发现了抗疟药物青蒿素, 挽救了世界上数百万人们的生命, 也因此获得了2015年的诺
13、贝尔奖。3. Nan Rendong was awarded for his contributions in the field of _. A. lawB. agricultureC. astronomyD. education【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第五段的描述可知, 南仁东曾经主导研究和发展了500米口径球面射电望远镜(FAST), 这是世界上最大的电波天文望远镜。由此可知, 他的贡献在天文领域。4. Why did Jean-Pierre Raffarin receive an award?A. He introduced Chinese education to France
14、. B. He has helped improve China-France relations. C. He has organized many cultural activities in China. D. He has devoted himself to Chinas economy【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Jean-Pierre Raffarin. . . Having worked to strengthen the friendship between French and Chinese people in the past decades. . .
15、”。可知, Jean-Pierre Raffarin获奖, 是因为他帮助改善了中法关系。 . 完形填空When I was eighteen, I couldnt wait to get my first job, which meant I made the first step toward adulthood. But it was difficult to get a work permit. One day I was dropped off by my parents at the 1 , where applicants took their physical tests for
16、 work permits. Although I had night blindness, my vision was clearer during the day, which helped me walk 2 by myself. Then the doctor began the 3. He looked into my eyes with a bright light. “I suggest your parents take you to an eye specialist, ” he said, “I suspect you have a retinal(视网膜的) diseas
17、e. If you do, youll never 4 a day in your life. . . ”My parents did take me to specialists. After much time and money spent seeking an 5 result, it was determined that I had an eye disease that slowly 6 a person of sight. But still, during daylight, I could walk without 7. I could read, but not for
18、hours. My eyes began to tear and words slipped off the page when I read more than a few pages. However, no matter how 8 my eyes became, I never gave up reading. I knew the names of great writers as well as the most popular music stars. Their words were powerful, which 9 me to try writing. Soon writi
19、ng brought me a lot of 10 each time I completed a paper. Then an important phone call from an editor changed my life. An article I penned appeared in a local newspaper. The newspaper, to my 11, continued to print my work. Next, a book series published several of my essays. I got interested in writin
20、g and 12 up with each acceptance. Now, I have numerous essays and articles in 13. Should I be thanking that misguided doctor? By falsely predicting that I could never work a day, he fueled my 14 into success. He set the bar too 15 and focused on what I wouldnt be able to do. Yet I proved what I coul
21、d do. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一名医生错误的预言反而让作者勇于与困难作斗争, 并喜欢上了写作, 最终成功的故事。1. A. station B. clinic C. company D. lab【解析】选B。 station车站; clinic诊所;company公司; lab实验室。根据下文“where applicants took their physical tests for work permits”可知, 那些申请者们都在那个地方做身体检查, 故可知当时作者是在“诊所”里体检。故选B。2. A. silently B. suddenlyC. proudly
22、 D. easily【解析】选D。silently安静地; suddenly忽然; proudly骄傲地;easily容易地。根据语境, 当时作者有夜盲症, 但在白天看得很清楚, 所以他还是能够很“容易地”自己走路。故选D。3. A. operation B. examination C. argument D. treatment【解析】选B。 operation手术; examination检查;argument争论;treatment治疗。根据上文提示, 可知作者在诊所做身体“检查”。故选B。4. A. rest B. live C. work D. sleep【解析】选C。rest休息
23、; live生活; work工作;sleep睡觉。根据文章最后一段第二句中的“I could never work a day”可知, 此处用work, 故选C。5. A. urgent B. obviousC. ordinary D. accurate【解析】选D。 urgent紧急的; obvious明显的; ordinary普通的; accurate准确的。根据后文“it was determined that I had an eye disease”提到最终确定我的眼部疾病, 由此可知, 父母带我到处求医就是为了得到一个“准确的”结果。故选D。6. A. robs B. warnsC
24、. reminds D. informs【解析】选A。robs抢劫;warns警告;reminds提醒;informs告诉。根据上下文可知, 这种眼疾会慢慢“夺走”我的视力。rob sb. of sth. 是固定搭配, 意思是“把某人的某物掠夺了”。故选A。7. A. medicine B. allowance C. balance D. assistance【解析】选D。medicine药;allowance允许; balance平衡;assistance帮助。根据上下文语境可知, 作者仍然是在白天不需要任何人的“协助”可以自己走路。故选D。8. A. excited B. confused
25、C. tired D. moved【解析】选C。excited兴奋的; confused困惑的; tired疲倦的; moved感动的。根据上文“My eyes began to tear and words slipped off the page”可知, 读书时间长了作者的眼睛会感到“疲倦”, 故选C。9. A. asked B. forced C. encouraged D. permitted【解析】选C。asked问; forced强迫; encouraged鼓励; permitted允许。根据上下文语境可知, 作者读了很多书, 是这些文字“激励”作者去尝试写作, 故选C。10. A
26、. trouble B. pleasureC. stress D. worry【解析】选B。 trouble麻烦; pleasure快乐;stress压力;worry忧虑。根据上下文语境可知, 写作给作者带来了很多的“乐趣”, 故选B。11. A. delight B. admirationC. disappointment D. shame【解析】选A。delight高兴;admiration钦佩; disappointment失望;shame羞愧。根据下文报纸继续刊登作者的文章可推断出, 作者非常“高兴”, 故选A。12. A. gave B. cameC. lit D. put【解析】选
27、C。gave给;came来; lit点亮; put放。句意: 我对写作很感兴趣, 每当作品被别人接受, 我就会很高兴。light(lit是其过去式) up是固定搭配, 意思是“点亮, 照亮”, 此处是指高兴起来。故选C。13. A. print B. timeC. use D. mind【解析】选A。 print印刷;time时间;use使用; mind思想。句意: 现在我已经出版了无数文章。在英语中, in print是固定搭配, 意思是“已出版的”。故选A。14. A. imagination B. motivationC. responsibilityD. personality【解析】
28、选B。imagination想象;motivation动力; responsibility责任;personality个性。根据上文语境可知, 医生错误的预言给作者很大的“动力”, 让作者有了今天的成就。故选B。15. A. far B. longC. close D. low【解析】选D。 far远的;long长的; close近的;low低的。根据上文可知, 医生认为作者不能工作, 作者却有如此大的成就, 因此, 医生给作者设的坎太“低”了, 故选D。【知识拓展】佳词积累1. permit vt. 许可;允许 n. 许可证2. drop off 让下车3. specialist n. 专家
29、4. powerful adj. 强有力的5. continue v. 继续6. satisfaction n. 满足7. predict v. 预测. 语法填空阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Xu Lizhen, an old lady, has been acting as a tour guide for nearly 20 years in Yangshuo, Guilin, 1. _ is a city known both in China and abroad for its beautiful landscape. 2. _ she atten
30、ded only primary school when she was young, she can now speak approximately 11 foreign languages 3. _ (fluent). Since 20 years ago, tourists 4. _ (show)affection for Yangshuo, including a great many foreigners, In order to make a 5. _ (live), Xu Lizhen began to sell water. However, she could hardly
31、make any money at first because foreigners didnt understand her accent. She tried to imitate the 6. _ (pronounce) of the foreigners, take notes and learn them 7. _ heart. If she came across tourists who can speak both Chinese and a foreign language, she would ask them to translate their words many t
32、imes so that she could remember them8. _ (well). It is in this way that the old granny masters 11 languages, such as English, French, Russian, Korean. Now, she has no difficulty at all 9. _ (communicate) with foreign friends in simple oral English. She is also 10. _ (refer) to as Mother Moon for her
33、 kindness among tourists. 【文章大意】本文介绍了阳朔的一位被大家称为Mother Moon 的导游奶奶, 虽然她只有小学文化水平, 但为了谋生, 她自学了11门外语。1. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。空格前有逗号, 且空格后句子缺少主语, 所以考查缺少主语的非限制性定语从句, 关系词只能从who与which中选择。又因为先行词为Yangshuo, 是一个地名, 故填which。2. 【解析】Though/Although/While。考查连词。根据下文“现在她能流利地说大约11种外语”可知, 前后是转折关系。故用连词Though/ Although/ While
34、引导让步状语从句, 表示“尽管”。3. 【解析】 fluently。考查副词。空格直接修饰动词 speak, 应用fluent的副词形式。故填fluently。4. 【解析】have shown。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语Since 20 years ago可知, 此处应用现在完成时。故填 have shown。5. 【解析】 living。考查固定搭配。 make a living谋生。故填living。6. 【解析】pronunciation。考查名词。此处表示她模仿外国人的发音, 属于“the +名词+of”的结构。pronounce的名词形式为 pronunciation。故填pro
35、nunciation。7. 【解析】by。考查介词。句意: 她努力模仿外国人的发音, 记笔记, 然后再记住。“learn by heart”意为“记住”。故填by。8. 【解析】better。考查副词的比较级。句意: 如果她遇到既会说汉语又会说外语的游客, 她就会让他们多翻译几次, 这样她能记得更好。故用副词的比较级形式修饰动词remember。故填better。9. 【解析】communicating。考查非谓语动词。“做某事没有困难”常用短语 have no difficulty (in) doing sth. 。故填communicating。10. 【解析】 referred。考查被动
36、语态。句意: 她还被称作月亮母亲。be referred to as. . . 意为“被称作”, 其主动形式为 refer to. . . as. . . 。故填referred。. 读后续写(2020年山东新高考模拟)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Though it is one of the faded memories of my life today, there are times when I remember his face clearly, especially his eyes. As he had
37、yellow spots on his eyes we called him Spotty. He would have been a stray(流浪)dog until he came to me. I was seven years old. My dad had just got a new job in Nasik. We had moved into a rented house. It was raining very heavily on the day we moved. It was a cold dark night. We had our meal and went t
38、o sleep. Somehow in the midnight I heard some strange sounds outside the main door. I gathered courage and looked out through the window and I was really amused with what I saw outside. There was a small puppy lying on an old doormat which my mother had put outside the door. It was wet and trembling
39、. At first it was difficult to see the little one. It was the yellow spots on its eyes that made me realize its presence. It was trying to get under the doormat to avoid the cold air outside and it had managed to get in as I could see only its head outside the doormat. Was it sick or injured?I felt
40、pity for the poor soul. I went in and came out with an old towel. I went near the innocent one and held it in my hand and wiped the puppy till he had become dry. I took him into my room and made a bed for him with a woolen blanket and a small pillow. He seemed very healthy and comfortable in his new
41、 bed as he went to sleep immediately. The next morning, everyone in the family came to know about the unusual guest. “Shall we keep him with us?”I questioned my mom. Like any other parents would, my parents first totally refused my idea but my sister and I convinced them to keep Spotty. Slowly Spott
42、y got on with everyone and became one of the family members. 注意: 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. _Almost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly. _【参考范文】One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. Days
43、passed on and one evening when Spotty returned from his long walk, he appeared very exhausted. He came to my room and sat near me. It was then that I saw his hind leg was injured and was bleeding. I called out my mother and she quickly tied a bandage around his leg and gave him food to eat. I was ve
44、ry upset. But the next day, Spotty was up to his usual pranks though he limped a bit. After this incident my relation with Spotty became more intense. I really admired him a lot for his courage. Almost a year later, one midnight we heard Spotty barking breathlessly. We came out and saw that he was b
45、arking continuously heading somewhere. After some time Spotty became quiet. I patted him on his back and came inside. The next day morning, my heart skipped a beat when I didnt see Spotty. I searched for him in each and every corner but he was nowhere. And this time he had gone and would never come
46、back. I cried and waited for him. We waited for one long week. But there were no signs of him. Then one day my Dad got transferred to Mumbai. We shifted back to Mumbai. What would have happened to Spotty? Would he have died? These were the only questions in my mind, but they all remained unanswered forever.
