1、(一)课前自主学习.阅读单词知其意1gravity n重力，地心引力2commercial adj. 商业的3radioactive adj. (具有)放射性的4portable adj. 轻便的；便携的5isolated adj. 孤单的，孤立的6luxury n. 奢侈品7canteen n. (工厂学校等的)食堂，餐厅8laundry n. 待洗的衣物9conventional adj. 常规的；普通的10fragile adj. 脆弱的；易碎的11battery n. 电池12ecology n. 生态；生态学13inhabit v. 居住.重点单词写其形1annual adj. 每年
2、的2state n纵联1 状态；状况3adapt v. (使)适应4balance v纵联2 使平衡5trap v. 储存，留存；使陷入困境6voyage n. (乘船的)旅行，航行7severe adj. 艰难的，艰巨的8dormitory n. 宿舍；寝室9emergency n纵联3 紧急情况；突发事情10privilege n. 荣幸11intense adj. 强烈的12insight n. 洞察力，眼光13eyesight n. 视力；目力14flower v. 开花.拓展单词通其变1explorer n探险者explore v探险；探索；勘探exploration n探险；探索；
3、(对某地区的)勘查2depth n深度deep adj.& adv.深的；深深地deeply adv.强烈地；深刻地deepen v加深；深化3extreme adj.极端的，极度的extremely adv.极端地，极其；非常4ceremonial adj.仪式性的；正式的ceremony n仪式5promote v促进，增进；提升promotion n晋级；促进；提升 纵联46abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的(反义词)normal adj.正常的7absence n缺乏；没有absent adj.缺席的，不在的8tiresome adj.烦人的，令人讨厌的tired adj.厌烦
4、的；疲倦的9depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的depress v使沮丧；使萧条depressed adj.沮丧的；萧条的depression n沮丧；不景气，萧条(期)10discourage v阻止；打消的念头discouraging adj.令人沮丧的discouraged adj.沮丧的discouragement n泄气；使人泄气的人/事11reliability n可靠性reliable adj.可信赖的rely v依靠；信赖12inspiration n鼓舞；启示；灵感inspire v鼓舞；激励inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的；启发灵感的纵联1.“状态，状
5、况”名词各不同state状态，状况status状态，情形condition状态，情况 situation状况，形势circumstance情况，环境纵联2.以ance结尾名词集锦balance平衡 acquaintance熟人；相识advance发展；前进 allowance津贴，零用钱；允许ambulance救护车 finance财政；金融assistance协助；援助 importance重要性；重要纵联3.以ency结尾的高频名词集锦emergency紧急情况 efficiency效率；功率tendency趋向；趋势 fluency流利；流畅frequency频率 urgency紧急纵联
6、4.“职场经历”有感悟promotion晋级 employment雇用appointment任命 interview面试dismissal解雇 unemployment失业单元话题地理环境子话题1天气与气候climate n气候 haze n雾霾mist n薄雾 frost n霜drizzle n小雨；毛毛雨 breeze n微风tornado n龙卷风 shower n阵雨mild adj.温和的，暖和的 damp adj.& n潮湿(的)chilly adj.寒冷的 freezing adj.冻结的；极冷的子话题2地理风貌ocean n海洋，大海 continent n大陆，大洲strea
7、m n小河；溪流 range n山脉valley n山谷，溪谷 desert n沙漠jungle n丛林，密林 remote adj.偏远的；偏僻的学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)阅读中的词汇应用1(2017北京高考阅读B)Every month the magazine introduces a fresh new topic with articles, experiments and creative things to make the magazine also explores philosophy and wellbeing to make sure young readers h
8、ave a _(balance) take on life.写出explore在句中的含义：调查研究；探讨；其在本单元中的名词形式为：exploration和explorer用balance的正确形式填空：balanced2(2013湖北高考阅读B)A child of the Depression (大萧条), Sheila was raised in Brooklyn by parents who considered education a luxury for girls.写出Depression在本单元中的同根形容词：depressing，意为：令人抑郁的；令人沮丧的写出luxury
9、在句中的含义：奢侈品；其形容词形式为：luxurious高考采撷(二)写作中的词汇应用(根据汉语及提示词翻译或补全句子)1(2014浙江高考书面表达)读书除了获取知识外，我们还为了乐趣和灵感而读书。(inspiration)In_addition_to_reading_for_knowledge,_we_read_for_fun_and_inspiration.2(2013江西高考书面表达)它不仅使我们接近大自然，使我们从繁重的学习中放松，它也增进了我们的友谊。(promote)Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxat
10、ion from heavy school work, it also promoted_the_friendship_among_us.3(2012福建高考书面表达)如果所有到仙女湖公园的游客都像这对夫妇这样做，那么这个湖将会被严重污染，很快就会变成一个巨大的垃圾箱。(severe)If all visitors to the Fairy Lake Park do as the couple did, the lake will_be_severely_polluted and soon turned into a huge dustbin.(二)课堂重点释疑1state n状态；状况；国家
11、；政府；州v.陈述；声明记牢(1)in a(n) . state in a state of .处于的状态a good state of health/mind 良好的健康状况/心态(2)It is stated that . 据说，据称(3)statement n. 说明；声明；陈述make a statement 发表声明练通单句语法填空It is stated that the president made a statement (state) announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.She is in a poor
12、 state of health, which worries her mother very much.写美翻译句子面对失败，最重要的是要保持良好的心态。In_the_face_of_failure,_it_is_the_most_important_to_keep_a_good_state_of_mind.2trap v储存，留存；使困住；使陷入圈套；使陷入困境n.陷阱；圈套记牢(1)trap sb.into (doing) sth.诱骗某人(做)某事 be/get trapped in 被困在中，陷入困境(2)fall into the trap (of doing sth.) 落入(做
13、某事的)圈套练通单句语法填空Dont fall into_the trap of investing all your money in one place.The shopkeeper trapped me into_buying (buy) their poor quality milk.补全句子(2018北京高考)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had_been_trapped in the mountains for two days.一名救援人员冒着生命危险救出了两名被困在山里两天的游客。写美翻译句子更糟
14、的是，我读英语时，我经常被一些不认识的单词困住。Whats_worse,_when_I_read_English,_I_am_often_trapped_in_the_unknown_words.联想表示“被困在中”的短语还有：be/get locked inbe/get caught inbe/get stuck in be/get blocked in3promote v促进，增进；晋升；提升；宣传，推销记牢(1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 promote sth. to .把某物推销给(2)promotion n. 提升，晋
15、级，促进练通单句语法填空“Once I get a promotion (promote), Ill be happy, ” they think.While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.Pupils who pass the test will be promoted_to the next higher grade.写美补全句子公众的分享和关爱意识将会得到进一步提升。The public awareness of sharing a
16、nd caring is to_be_further_promoted.4discourage v阻止；打消的念头；使气馁记牢(1)discourage sb.from doing sth.劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心(2)discouraged adj.沮丧的，灰心丧气的discouraging adj. 令人泄气的，令人沮丧的discouragement n泄气；挫折；阻止；使人泄气的人/事练通单句语法填空We discouraged him from giving up the job last month. Do not let any failures discourag
17、e (courage) you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.(2017全国卷)Yet instead of being discouraged (discourage) by my slow progress, I was excited.写美补全句子(2015福建高考书面表达)故事的寓意是：努力获取知识，无论处境多么艰难都不要轻易气馁。The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and_never_get_discourage
18、d_easily_no_matter_how_difficult_the_situation_may_be.词汇过关综合训练.单词拼写1I wanted to invite you to join in the annual (每年的) English evening.2Every one agrees that a good state (状态) of mind is the base of success.3All in all, I hope you can adapt (使适应) yourself to the new environment.4Tom is determined to
19、 go on a voyage_ (航行) across the Atlantic Ocean again.5Im writing to kindly remind you of the_dormitory (宿舍) rules.6It is my great privilege (荣幸) to say something on behalf of all the students.7What makes his books stand out from other English writers is his insight (洞察力) into human nature.8In the_a
20、bsence (缺乏) of actual data，no reliance can be placed on such figures.单句语法填空1The lift broke down and we were_trapped (trap) in it.2He got rapid promotion (promote), and ended up as a manager.3Its a great privilege to_know (know) you, a worldfamous physics scientist. 4It is extremely (extreme) cold ou
21、tside, so youd better put on more clothes if you go out.5It was his absence (absent) of mind during driving that resulted in a terrible accident.6In the long run, one should save money for_emergencies_ (emerge)7Inspired (inspire) by the speech, the little girl made up her mind to work even harder.8A
22、ll the students are advised to keep a balanced (balance) diet for their health.9They thought his behavior was abnormal (normal), for he didnt behave as usual.10There was a depressing (depress) feeling in the office when the news of job cuts was announced.根据提示补全句子1声明很清楚，这些规则适用于社区的每一个人，没有例外。 (state)It
23、_is_clearly_stated_that these regulations apply to everyone in the community, without exception.2就是在这个村子里他救出了被困在洪水中的11个人。(trap)It was in this village that he saved 11 people who_were_trapped_in_the_flood.3他正在向学生推销他的新书。(promote)He is promoting_his_new_book_to_students.4他的话令人泄气，这也使很多人泄了气。(discourage)
24、His words are_discouraging,_which made_many_people_discouraged.5没人确切地知道火灾何时会发生，因此在火灾发生前做好准备极其必要。(extreme)No one knows for sure when a fire will happen, so it_is_extremely_necessary_to_make_preparations before a fire starts.(一)课前自主学习1set_foot_on_进入，到达，踏上2in_case_of 串记1 如果；假使；以免3on_average 平均4be_made_
25、up_of 由组成5be_fond_of 串记2 喜欢6stand_out 杰出；突出；显眼7adapt_to 适应8come_into_sight 进入视野，出现在眼前9come_up_with 串记3 想出；提出10keep_ones_promise 信守诺言同根短语串记串记1.“inn.of”短语面面观in case of 如果；假使；以免in defence of 保卫；为辩护in (the) face of 面临；面对in honour of 为纪念in view of 鉴于，由于in search of 寻找串记2.“喜欢”聚在一起be fond of喜欢 be keen on喜欢
26、care for喜欢 go for喜欢串记3.“v.up with”短语汇总come up with想出；提出 keep up with跟上catch up with跟上 end up with以结束put up with忍耐；忍受；熬过 fill up with用填满1from east to west从东到西2be full of wildlife 野生动物众多3last for 182 days 持续182天4lack of rainfall 缺乏降雨5close to 100 years ago 将近100年前6leave for the Antarctic 离开前往南极洲7survi
27、ve on 靠生存8be situated on 位于上9set off_ 出发；动身10._in great detail 极其详细地1Covering_about 14 million square kilometres around the South Pole, it is the fifth largest continent in the world.它(南极洲)覆盖了南极周围约1 400万平方千米的面积，是世界第五大洲。2Not_until_the_late_18th_century_did the British explorer James Cook cross the An
28、tarctic Circle, but he never saw land. 直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。3Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the_first_man_to_set_foot_on the Antarctic mainland. 后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。学考对接活学活用高考采撷(一)完形中的短语(补全句子)1(2016北京高考完形填空)By January 26, Billy and
29、three other children had died. Twenty more were sick. Nomes town officials came_up_with (提出) a plan.2(2011湖北高考完形填空)Now Maja was ready to_keep_her_promise (信守诺言)高考采撷(二)写作中的短语和句式(翻译句子)1(2017全国卷书面表达)实际上，我很喜欢唐诗。Actually_I_am_very_fond_of_Tang_poems.2(2013湖北高考写作)直到那时我才意识到话语在积极和消极两方面都可能很强大。(not until 置于句首
30、的倒装句)Not_until_then_did_I_realize_words_could_be_powerful_in_both_positive_and_negative_ways.(二)课堂重点释疑短语集释1stand out突出；显眼；杰出记牢stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持stand for 代表；主张；象征；表示；忍受stand up 站起来；(论点、证据等)站得住脚；经得起(常与to连用)stand up for 支持；维护(权利)练通用适当的介、副词填空The pigeon and olive branch stand for peace.The hotel we st
31、ayed at during our holidays stands by the seaside.Everyone stood up the moment the hero came into the lecture hall.Smiling is a great way to make you stand out in a job interview.写美补全句子作为我们国家的公民，在选举中维护我们的合法权利是我们的责任和义务。As citizens of our country, it is our duty and responsibility to_stand_up_for_the_
32、legal_rights of our own in the election.2in case of如果；假使；万一；以免记牢in no case无论如何不；决不in most cases 多数情况下in case (that) . 万一；以防in any case 无论如何；不管怎样in this/that case 如果这样/那样的话as is often the case 情况往往如此练通单句语法填空In most cases (case), it is because these people simply do not enjoy the job they are doing.Th
33、ere is no simple answer, as is often the case in science.The sign reads “In case of fire, break the glass and push the red button.”用准(1)in case后常常接句子；in case of后常常接名词。(2)in no case位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。写美补全句子(2018浙江高考写作)我紧紧抓住绳子以防我可能会掉下去。I held the rope tightly in_case_I_might_fall_off.句式集释序数词后接动词不定式作后置定语教材原
34、句Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the_first_man_to_set_foot_on the Antarctic mainland.悟拓展例句(1)(2016全国卷)In 1931, Addams became the_first_American_woman_to_win the Nobel Peace Prize.1931年，亚当斯成为第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的美国妇女。(2)Human life is regarded as part of nature and, as such, the_o
35、nly_way_for_us_to_survive is to live in harmony with nature. 人类生活被认为是自然的一部分，同样，我们存活下去的唯一的方法是和自然和谐相处。(3)The students are looking forward to having_an_opportunity_to_explore_society for reallife experience.学生们正在盼望有机会探索社会以获得真实生活经验。析用法规则用法归纳(1)the firstn.to do sth.第一个做某事的(2)the onlyn. to do sth.唯一一个做某事的
36、(3)抽象名词to do sth.注意事项(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，the next, the only, the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。(2)动词不定式作定语要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。(3)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。背写作佳句(1)She was the first athlete to win the gold medal in the Rio Olympic Games.(要点句)(2)If I have the chance to donate, I wil
37、l also help the students with financial problems. (总结句)词块、句式过关综合训练.选词填空set foot on， in case of， on average， stand out， adapt to， come up with， be fond of， keep ones promise1Painted red, the building stands_out among the rest and looks very attractive.2The company has spent 10 million yuan on_average
38、 in medical research in the last three years.3You should have apologized for not having kept_your_promise.4They were filled with joy when they set_foot_on China soil in late July.5If you know first aid methods, you can be calmer and more helpful in_case_of emergency.6Since people are_fond_of humor,
39、it is as welcome in conversation as anywhere else.7Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came_up_with a solution to it.8If plants were moved from one habitat to the other type of habitat, they changed their appearance and adapted_to the new environment.根据提示补全句子1莫言是中国第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的作家
40、。(the序数词不定式)Mo Yan is the_first_writer_to_win the Nobel Prize in Literature in China.2直到他面试失败，他才意识到自信是多么重要。(not until 置于句首的倒装句)Not_until_he_had_failed_in_the_job_interview_did_he_realize how important confidence was.3看着这张照片，我不禁怀念起我的中学时光来。(现在分词作伴随状语)Looking_at_the_picture,_I couldnt help missing my m
41、iddle school days.分步写作假定你是李华，你从报纸上看到一则有关大学生张明的报道，他组建了一支南极志愿者探险队并担任队长去南极探险，虽在南极遭遇暴风雪但最终获救。请你用英语写一篇短文简要介绍张明的经历。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：南极志愿者探险队Antarctic volunteer expedition第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本文是一篇叙事类记叙文。写作时要交待清楚时间、地点、人物、起因、经过和结果。时态是一般过去时，人称是第三人称。根据题目的描述可归纳出两个要点。要点1介绍张明的情况及进行探险的背景；要点2叙述探险经
42、历。其中，要点1可以从张明组建探险队及其在队中的表现写起，然后点明他成为探险队的一员，为下文介绍张明的经历做铺垫。要点2描述一下张明刚开始探险的感受以及简要提及他的探险队遭遇暴风雪并最终获救的事情。要点1：张明是一位大学生。上个月，他组建了一支南极志愿者探险队。(expedition)Zhang_Ming_is_a_university_student._He_set_up_an_Antarctic_volunteer_expedition_last_month.要点1：张明在众多志愿者中表现突出。他被晋升为探险队的队长。(stand out, promote)Zhang_Ming_stood
43、_out_in_many_volunteers._He_was_promoted_to_the_leader_of_the_expedition.要点1：张明很幸运地成为首批去南极的大学生探险者之一。Zhang_Ming_was_so_lucky_that_he_became_one_of_the_first_college_student_explorers_to_go_to_the_Antarctic.要点2：刚开始时，他很不适应那儿的环境。(adapt to)At_the_beginning,_he_didnt_adapt_to_the_conditions_there.要点2：他和队友
44、们曾经被困在暴风雪中。(trap)Once_he_and_his_teammates_were_trapped_in_a_snowstorm.要点2：他没有灰心丧气，而是坚持下来，最终他们获救了。(discourage)He_didnt_get_discouraged_but_got_through_it._Finally,_they_were_saved.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼对初步拟定的要点可进行扩充，使内容更丰富，使句式更多样。例如：要点1可以用a university student作同位语升级句子。要点1中可增加“由于曾经接受过严格训练”作原因状语；要点2中可增添“
45、当他踏上南极大陆时”；要点2可补充“在零下30的野外几乎失去知觉”这一细节。升级要点1：张明是一位大学生。上个月，他组建了一支南极志愿者探险队。(使用同位语升级句子)Zhang_Ming,_a_university_student,_set_up_an_Antarctic_volunteer_expedition_last_month.升级要点1：由于曾经接受过严格训练，张明在众多志愿者中表现突出。他被晋升为探险队的队长。(用现在分词短语作状语)Having_been_trained_strictly,_Zhang_Ming_stood_out_in_many_volunteers._He_w
46、as_promoted_to_the_leader_of_the_expedition.拓展要点2：当他刚开始踏上南极大陆时，他很不适应那儿的环境。(用when引导的状语从句； set foot on)At_the_beginning,_he_didnt_adapt_to_the_conditions_there_when_he_set_foot_on_the_Antarctica.拓展要点2：他和队友们曾经被困在暴风雪中，在零下30的野外几乎失去知觉。(numb; minus)Once_he_and_his_teammates_were_trapped_in_a_snowstorm,_alm
47、ost_numb_at_minus_30_in_the_open_air.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡本文写作可按照事件发展的先后顺序来写，所以行文时按照上述各要点表述顺序即可。另外要点1中的两个句子可用as a result进行衔接，这样可使文章语意连贯，过渡自然。Zhang_Ming,_a_university_student,_set_up_an_Antarctic_volunteer_expedition_last_month._Having_been_trained_strictly,_Zhang_Ming_stood_out_in_many_volunteers._As
48、_a_result,_he_was_promoted_to_the_leader_of_the_expedition._Zhang_Ming_was_so_lucky_that_he_became_one_of_the_first_college_student_explorers_to_go_to_the_Antarctic._At_the_beginning,_he_didnt_adapt_to_the_conditions_there_when_he_set_foot_on_the_Antarctica._Once_he_and_his_teammates_were_trapped_in_a_snowstorm,_almost_numb_at_minus_30_in_the_open_air._He_didnt_get_discouraged_but_got_through_it._Finally,_they_were_saved.