1、Section Grammar祈使句思维导图表示命令、请求、建议、劝告或号召的句子叫祈使句。祈使句的主语一般为you，通常省略，谓语动词使用原形，句末用感叹号或句号。一、祈使句的肯定与否定形式1.肯定结构(1)Do型(行为动词原形开头)Follow the rules of the road.遵守交通规则。有的祈使句在意思明确的情况下可省略动词。This way，please.Go this way，please.请这边走。(2)Be型(系动词be开头)Be sure to get here before nine.一定要九点钟以前到这里。(3)Let型(Lets/Let sb动词原形)Let
2、s have a meeting this afternoon.今天下午我们开一个会吧。Let me have a try if you dont want to.如果你不想，就让我试一试吧。2.否定结构(1)Do型和Be型的否定式都是在句首加Dont或Never构成。即：Dont/Never动词原形Dont be late tomorrow.明天不要迟到。Never put off what you should do till tomorrow.今日事今日毕。(2)Let型祈使句的否定式有两种：Dontlet宾语动词原形(其他成分)；Lets not动词原形(其他成分)。Dont let
3、the children play in the street.别让小孩在街上玩耍。Lets not waste time.咱们别浪费时间了。3.No名词/动名词。此类否定祈使句多表示禁止。No smoking！禁止吸烟！No photos in the room.该房间不许拍照。二、祈使句的反意疑问句(1)祈使句为肯定句，其反意疑问句用will you/wont you。Come to have dinner with us this evening，wont you?今晚来和我们一块儿吃饭，好吗？Turn down the TV，will you?把电视声音调小一些，可以吗？(2)祈使句为
4、否定句，其反意疑问句用will you。Dont smoke in the meeting room，will you?不要在会议室抽烟，好吗？(3)Let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时，除Lets开头的用shall we外，其他的均用will you。Lets take a walk after supper，shall we?我们晚饭后散散步，好吗？Let the boy go first，will you?让那个小男孩先走，可以吗？三、祈使句的强调形式 1.为了表示强调或加强命令、劝告的语气，使句子更具有说服力，常在其谓语动词前加上do。Do be careful next time!下次
5、一定要仔细！Do tell me where to buy the tickets for the concert.告诉我去哪里买音乐会的票。2.为了加强语气或指明同谁说话，可在动词前加上主语。加上主语时，由于是面对面说话并直呼其名，故不论第几人称，动词均用原形，不考虑主谓一致问题。Herry，read the poem first.亨利先读这首诗。You be quiet！你安静点！四、与祈使句有关的句型(1)祈使句and/or/otherwise陈述句此句型中，祈使句相当于条件状语从句，陈述句相当于主句，故陈述句中常用一般将来时。and表示顺承关系，or/otherwise表示转折关系。U
6、se your head，and you will find a way.If you use your head，you will find a way.动动脑筋，你将会找到方法。Hurry up，or youll be late.If you dont hurry up，youll be late.快点，否则你将会迟到了。(2)祈使句破折号陈述句Mary，come hereeverybody else stay where you are.玛丽，到这儿来其他的人待在原处。.单句语法填空1.Be sure to write to us，will you?2.Observe(observe)
7、carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.3.Start out right away，or youll miss the first train.4.Work hard，and you will get promoted.5.Dont be discouraged.Take (take) things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.6.One more hour and we will_get (get) everything
8、ready for the taking off.7.Li Ming，read (read) the text everybody else，listen carefully and see whether his pronunciation is correct.8.Our English teacher is ill.Lets go and see him after school，shall we?9.When youve finished with that book，dont forget to put it back on the shelf，will you?10.Give (g
9、ive) us ten years and just see what our country will be like.单句改错1.Dont run around，wont you？wontwill2.Lets have a nice talk face to face，shall you？youwe3.Giving blood if possible and many lives will be saved.GivingGive4.Follow your doctors advice，and your cough will get worse.andor5.Not be late again from now on.NotDont
