1、Period FourCommunication Workshop，Language Awareness 5，Culture Corner & Bulletin Board.单词自测1exploration n探测；探险explore vt.探测；探险；探索2fade vi.逐渐变弱3phenomenon n现象phenomena pl.现象4primitive adj.原始的5permanent adj.长久的，永久的6initial adj.最初的，开始的initially adv.最初，首先，开头7permit vt.允许，许可8ripe adj.成熟的ripen vi.(使)成熟9pr
2、ess vt.按；压pressure n压力10poisonous adj.有毒的poison n毒物；毒药11declare vt.宣告；宣布12settler n移民；殖民者settle vt.定居；解决.短语自测1spread_out散开；打开；伸展 2drop_off下降；减少3due_to/as_a_result_of由于4in_order_to/so_as_to为了5rather_than而不是6in_conclusion最后，总之 7permit_sb.to_do_sth.允许某人做某事 8defend_against防卫以免于9go_canoeing去划船10make_sugg
3、estions建议，指示1This marked the beginning of the “space race” between the US and the USSR，which ended with_the_US_putting a man on the moon in 1969.这标志着在美国与苏联之间的“太空竞赛”开始了，这场竞赛以美国在1969年把人类送上月球而告终。2It was launched in 1990 so_that astronomers could observe space without the Earths atmosphere being a barri
4、er.它于1990年被送入太空，以便天文学家观测太空时能不受地球大气层的阻碍。3.so_as_to research life in space and provide a stepping stone in_case future manned flights are sent out.为的是研究太空生命并为将来发送载人客机提供落脚地。4.as_long_as people remain interested，we will keep exploring the world overhead.只要人们仍心存兴趣，我们将会继续探索头顶上的世界。阅读P26课文，完成下列各题.课文阅读理解1Hum
5、an began to explore space in _.A1957B1961C1969答案A2The “space race” between the US and the USSR ended with _.Athe first manned flightBthe moon landingCthe launch of Sputnik 1答案B3Human beings first set foot on the moon in _.A1957B1961C1969答案C.课文语法填空By the beginning of the 21st century，almost all of Pl
6、anet Earth 1.has_been_visited(visit)，described and mapped.Now we are looking outwards at the only frontier left 2.to_explore (explore)space.The age of space exploration began in 1957.Sputnik 1 and Yuri Gagarins going into space 3.marked(mark) the beginning of the “space race” between the US and the
7、USSR.After the Hubble Telescope 4.was_invented(invent)，another burst of interest in space was aroused.More planets are discovered.The International Space Station is now 5.being_built(build) in the Earths orbit so as 6.to_research(research) life in space.We are only really in the initial stages of ex
8、ploring space 7.but we have come a long way 8.since learning that the Earth is not flat and 9.spins(spin) in an ovalshaped orbit 10.around the sun.1You are not permitted to work if you are on a student visa.如果你所持的是学生签证，你就不会被允许工作。归纳拓展(1)permit vt.& vi.准许，许可；n.许可证，特许证permit (2)permission n允许，许可without
9、 permissionwithout being permitted 没有得到许可ask for permission请求许可(1)Excuse me，but would you please permit me to smoke here?“请问，我在这里抽烟好吗？”Sorry.We dont permit smoking here.“对不起。在这里是不允许抽烟的。”(2)Weather permitting (If weather permits)，well go to the seaside this weekend.如果天气允许的话，本周我们将去海边。(3)With your perm
10、ission，Ill send a copy of this letter to the doctor.如果你准许的话，我就把这封信的副本寄给那位医生。即时跟踪 单句语法填空(1)He asked for permission(permit) to leave the room.完成句子(2)I am afraid I can not permit_my_daughter_to_marry_you.恐怕我不会允许我的女儿嫁给你。(3)Well have a picnic in the woods，weather_permitting.如果天气好，我们将在树林里野餐。2press the but
11、ton按下按钮归纳拓展press vt.按；压；逼迫；催促press sb.to do sth.强求某人做某事press (sth.) on (sb.)迫使(某人)接受(想法、意见、东西等)press.out of/from把从中挤出press through.挤过press.against.把压在上press.into/onto.把塞进/压入(1)I pressed money on him，but he refused to take it.我硬塞钱给他，但他就是不肯要。(2)He pressed the juice out of the fruits.他把果汁从水果中挤出来。(3)The
12、 child pressed her nose against the window.那小女孩把鼻子贴在窗户上。即时跟踪介词填空(1)Bill kept his back pressed flat against the wall.(2)He likes to press his own ideas on others.(3)He pressed his way through the crowd.3NASA declared that a rock from Mars.美国航空航天局宣布来自火星的一块岩石归纳拓展declare vt.断言；宣称；宣布；宣告declare declare wa
13、r on.对宣战declare against/for声明反对/支持declare.open宣布开幕(1)She declared that she didnt want to see him again.她宣称再也不愿见他了。(2)Officials declared Jackson (to be) the winner of the race.官员们宣布杰克逊为比赛的胜利者。(3)The police have now declared war on drug dealers in this area.警方现在已经对这一地区的毒贩宣战了。(4)The workers declared fo
14、r the offer of increased pay and holidays.工人们拥护提高工资，延长假期的提议。易混辨析declare/announce(1)declare一般指在正式场合宣布官方的立场或态度等。(2)announce泛指宣布某一消息或某事预示着的到来。announce sth.to sb.announce to sb.sth.即时跟踪用declare或announce的正确形式填空(1)She announced to us that she would get married soon.(2)It was I that declared the 16th Asian
15、 Games open!翻译句子(3)琼斯被判为拳击赛优胜者。Jones_was_declared_(to_be/as)_the_winner_of_the_boxing.(4)他声称自己是对的。He_declared_that_he_was_right./He_declared_himself_(to_be)_right.1.the number of manned flights dropped_off.载人飞行的次数也逐渐减少。归纳拓展drop off下降；减退，减少；打盹；打瞌睡；让某人下车；掉落drop back/behind落后drop behind sb.落在某人后面drop i
16、n on sb.顺便访问某人drop in at sp.顺便拜访某地drop out (of.)退出，脱离；退学，辍学(1)James started an engineering degree but dropped out after only a year.詹姆斯开始攻读工程学学位，但仅一年后就辍学了。(2)Would you drop by/in when you are in town?你来城里时就来玩好吗？ 即时跟踪写出下列句中drop off的含义(1)Traffic in the town has dropped off since the bypass opened.下降；减
17、少(2)I dropped off and missed the end of the film.入睡，睡着(3)Drop me off at the next stop；I can walk straight there.让某人下车介、副词填空(4)James started an engineering degree but dropped out after only a year.(5)I thought Id drop in on you while I was passing.(6)We cant afford to drop behind our competitors.(7)T
18、he number of students dropped off.2Recently there has been another burst of interest in space as_a_result_of the Hubble Telescope.最近，由于哈勃望远镜的发明，人们对探索太空的兴趣进入了另一个高潮。 归纳拓展as a result of.由于的原因as a result结果，因此without result毫无结果，徒劳result from因为，源于with the result that为此，因此result in结果为，终归，导致(1)Many people b
19、elieve that overweight results from overeating and stress.很多人认为肥胖超重是因为吃得过多和压力造成的。(2)The flood resulted in a considerable reduction in production.这次水灾造成相当大的减产。(3)I was late，with the result that I missed my train.我迟到了，因此，我没能赶上火车。即时跟踪介词填空(1)The accident resulted in the death of two passengers.(2)The fa
20、ct that many species are dying out results from more and more noise pollution.(3)My room was small and looked out on a narrow courtyard，with the result that I always felt fenced in.(4)As a result of failure，he committed suicide.完成句子(5)His hard work resulted_in excellent grades in his exams.他的努力使他在考试
21、中取得了优异的成绩。(6)About 21 million people died during the 1990s as_a_result_of smoking.20世纪90年代约有2 100万人死于吸烟。3Due to Chinas rapidly developing space programme，this could be sooner rather_than later.由于中国空间项目的快速发展，这可能会变得更早而不是更晚。归纳拓展rather than而不是注意：rather than用于连接两个并列成分，当后接不定式时常省略to。other than除了表示“取舍”关系：宁可
22、也不愿：prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.would do sth.rather than do sth.would rather do sth.than do sth.(1)He rather than I，I think，is to blame for the failure.我认为是他而不是我该为这次失败受到责备。(2)He preferred to stay at home watching TV rather than go to the concert.他宁愿坐在家里看电视也不愿去参加音乐会。(3)Id rather go in summer
23、than in winter.我宁愿夏天去，而不愿冬天去。(4)Do you have any special interests other than your job?你除了工作之外还有什么其他的爱好吗？即时跟踪完成句子(1)I decided to write rather_than (to) telephone.我决定写信而不打电话。(2)Because of their size，adult African elephants have no enemies other_than people.因为他们的体型，成年非洲象除了人类没有其他敌人。单句改错(3)Id prefer to g
24、o in August rather than July.July前加in4In_conclusion，we are only really in the initial stages of exploring space.总之， 我们在探索太空的过程中还处于初级阶段归纳拓展(1)in conclusion总而言之，最后(用于即将结束所谈的内容)bring.to conclusion使结束come to/arrive at/reach/draw/lead to/make a conclusion得出结论(2)conclude v断定，推断出；得出结论；(使)结束/终止conclude sth.
25、with.就某事与某人达成协议；以结束conclude sth.from.从推断出(1)In conclusion，I would like to say how much I have enjoyed myself today.最后，我想说我今天过得很开心。(2)Weve come to the conclusion that shes not the right person for the job.我们断定她不适合这项工作。即时跟踪单句语法填空(1)He concluded his speech with a famous saying.(2)What can we conclude f
26、rom Staffords research?(3)In conclusion，I would like to thank you for your corning to the meeting.(4)When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to_conclude(conclude) it with important points.单句改错(5)We came to the conclusion which the room must have been empty then.whichthat1This marked t
27、he beginning of the “space race” between the US and the USSR，which ended with_the_US_putting_a_man_on_the_moon_in_1969.这标志着在美国与苏联之间的“太空竞赛”开始了，这场竞赛以美国在1969年把人类送上月球而告终。归纳拓展with the US putting a man.是“with宾语宾补”构成的with复合结构，此结构在句中可作状语，也可作定语。本句是“with宾语现在分词”构成的复合结构作状语。with复合结构的其他构成方法：with宾语宾语补足语(1)The teac
28、her entered the classroom with a book in the hand.老师手里拿着一本书进了教室。(2)I fell asleep with the light on.我开着灯睡着了。(3)They went home，with the work unfinished.他们没完成工作就回家了。(4)I am sure to make great progress with the teacher to help me.有老师帮助我，我一定能取得很大的进步。即时跟踪用所给词的正确形式填空(1)The old couple often take a walk afte
29、r supper in the park with their pet dog following (follow)them.(2)Dont speak with your mouth full(full)(3)I cant go out with all these clothes to_wash(wash)完成句子(4)He died with_his_daughter_yet_a_schoolgirl.他去世时，女儿还是个小学生。(5)She said goodbye with_tears_in_her_eyes.她含着眼泪说了声再见。2It was launched in 1990 s
30、o_that astronomers could observe space without the Earths atmosphere being a barrier.它于1990年被送入太空，以便天文学家观测太空时能不受地球大气层的阻碍。归纳拓展本句为主从复合句。so that在此引导目的状语从句，意为“为了，以便”；so that引导的目的状语从句中常含有情态动词can，could，might，may等。此外，so that还可引导结果状语从句。(1)She worked hard so that everything could be ready by 6 oclock.(目的状语从句
31、)她拼命干活以便在六点之前把一切都准备好。(2)It was raining heavily last night so that we didnt go to the party.(结果状语从句)昨晚雨下得很大，因此我们没去参加聚会。易混辨析in order that/so that/in order to/so as to(1)in order that和so that引导目的状语从句时，二者可换用，但so that引导的从句只能放在主句之后，而in order that引导的从句既可放在主句前也可放在主句后，另外，so that还可引导结果状语从句。(2)so as to与in orde
32、r to二者均表示“以便，为了”，后接动词不定式作目的状语，可以换用；但so as to引导的目的状语从句不能置于句首，而in order to可以。即时跟踪用in order that，so that，in order to或so as to填空(1)In_order_that he could catch the early bus，he got up early.(2)He got up early in_order_that/so_that he could catch the early bus.(3)In_order_to catch the early bus，he got up
33、 early.(4)He got up early so_as_to/in_order_to catch the early bus.3.so as to research life in space and provide a stepping stone in_case future manned flights are sent out.(建空间站)为的是研究太空生命并为将来发送载人客机提供落脚地。归纳拓展in case (2)in case of介词短语，意为“万一”，表条件；意为“以防”，表目的。(3)其他短语：in any case无论如何in no case决不(置于句首，引起倒
34、装)as is often the case 是常有的事in this/that case假使这/那样的话(1)In case you are delayed by something unexpected，inform us of it by telephone.假如因为意外的事情耽搁你，打电话通知我们。(2)In case of emergency，break the glass and press the button.遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃罩并摁下按钮。(3)In any case you must arrive there on time.无论如何你必须按时到达那里。即时跟踪完成句
35、子(1)It may not rain，but youd better take_an_umbrella_in_case.可能不下雨，但是你最好带上雨伞以防万一。(2)In_case_of_fire，ring the alarm bell，please.如有火灾，请按警铃。(3)In no case shall_we_allow_smoking in the classroom.教室里绝对不允许吸烟。单句改错(4)We have an auxiliary(辅助的) generator in case power cuts.case后加of4.as_long_as people remain i
36、nterested，we will keep exploring the world overhead.只要人们仍心存兴趣，我们将会继续探索头顶上的世界。归纳拓展as long as：(1)在本句中，起连词作用，引导条件状语从句，可与so long as互换，意为“只要”。so long as语气较强，而as long as多用于口语中。(2)还可用于同级比较句型中，意为“和一样长”。(3)还可用于表示程度，意为“长达”。(1)Im not particular about how you do it as/so long as it gets done.只要把它完成了，你怎么做我并不计较。(
37、2)This rope is as long as that one；you may use it as a substitute.这根绳子和那根一样长，你可以用它替换那条绳。(3)I have been waiting here as long as 2 hours.我在这里已经等了长达2个小时了。即时跟踪完成句子(1)You can go out to play as/so_long_as you stay in the backyard.只要不出后院，你可以出去玩。(2)You can go out，so_long_as you promise to be back before 11
38、oclock.你可以出去，只要你答应在11点之前回来。单句改错(3)As long as he comes back on time，he wont be permitted to go out alone.As_long_as Unless.单词拼写1The government has declared (宣布) a state of emergency because of the infectious disease.2The impression she had made on me faded (消退)gradually from my mind.3The Yangtze rive
39、r is a natual barrier(屏障) to the northeast.4My initial(最初的) reaction was to decline the offer.5A permanent(永久的) base will probably be set up on the moon in the next twenty years.选词填空1Sales have_dropped_off these days because of hot weather.2All our officers are trained to defend themselves against k
40、nife attacks.3Its impolite to spit at others.Besides，it may result_in conflicts.4The movie festival was kicked_off with the showing of a new film.5In September 1939，Britain declared_war_on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.完成句子1They believe I can succeed next time as_long_as_I_work_harder.他们相信下次只
41、要我更加努力学习我就能成功。2Leave your key with your neighbor in_case you lock yourself out one day.把你的钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你不小心把自己锁在外面。3He didnt plan his time well，so_that_he_didnt_finish_the_work_in_time.他没计划好时间，结果没及时完成工作。4A_large_number_of_people_have applied for the job.很多人申请了这份工作。5You have no idea how she finished t
42、he relay race with_her_foot_wounded so much.你不知道在脚伤得那么厉害的情况下，她是怎样完成接力赛的。.语境填词A)用所提供单词的正确形式填空1Im waiting for the apples to_ripen(ripen)2Jims father didnt permit him to_join(join) the school football team.3There are hundreds of poisonous (poison) spiders and snakes.4Forecasters say the storms may not
43、be as bad as they initially (initial) predicted.5He fell asleep with the lamp burning(burn)B)填写空白处所需的内容(1个单词)6The colour of the table cloth will fade away little by little.7I have a number of complaints about the hotel room youve given me.8Nothing more was heard from him so that we began to wonder i
44、f he was dead.9The police set up roadblocks on routes out of the city.10Why didnt you ask for help，rather than trying to do it on your own?.阅读理解AMost Westernersparticularly most Americansare not nearly as concerned about protocol(礼节) in social matters as Chinese people are.America is a nation of imm
45、igrants.Its made up of people from all over the world，all of whom bring their own traditions and habits with them.Thus you neednt worry much about “proper” behavior(举止)：who sits next to whom at the dinner table，what is the suitable dress for the occasion，etc.，unless you receive a formal invitation t
46、o a dinner or party.Americans are very direct people.When you want something you say “Yes” and when you dont，you say “No”If you want something different from what is offered，you ask for it.Westerners will not ask you again and again or try to press something on you after you have said you dont want
47、it.In fact，if you say “No” when you really want something to drink or to eat，you may find yourself very thirsty or hungry.But there are a few Western customs which are very important and you should try at all times to observe.A Westerner doesnt leave his paper or cloth on the table.He puts it on his
48、 lap where its supposed to protect his clothes from spilled food or uses it to wipe his hand or mouth when necessary.A Westerner doesnt put his own fork，knife or spoon into a serving bowl.He uses it in the bowl to put some of the food on his own plate，and then returns the serving fork(knife or spoon
49、) to the bowl.A Westerner doesnt spit food anywhere.If he has bones in his mouth，he takes them out with his fingers and places them on the edge of his plate，never on the table or floor.A Westerner doesnt belch(打嗝) out loud.If he does，he says “Excuse me” quietly and goes on with the conversation.11Pe
50、ople in America _.Acome from different countries in the worldBmainly come from EuropeCmainly come from AsiaDcome from China答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“America is a nation of immigrants.Its made up of people from all over the world，all of whom bring their own traditions and habits with them.”可知美国人来自世界上不同的国
51、家。故选A。12If you are hungry，and you still say you dont want to eat，then _.Aa Westerner will ask you again and againByou will be forced to eatCyou will feel glad and happyDyou will surely find yourself hungry still答案D解析细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“In fact，if you say No when you really want something to drink or to
52、eat，you may find yourself very thirsty or hungry.”可知，如果你饿了，你仍旧说你不想吃饭。那么你可能仍旧继续饿着。故选D。13According to the passage，Westerners _.Acare what they wear very muchBcare who offers the first toast at dinnerCdo the same things as Chinese doDdont care what you wear，who sits next to whom答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thu
53、s you neednt worry much about proper behavior(举止)：who sits next to whom at the dinner table，what is the suitable dress for the occasion，etc.”可知美国人不太在意你的着装以及坐的位置。故选D。BRobots will have taken over most jobs within 30 years leaving humanity facing its “biggest challenge ever” to find meaning in life whe
54、n work is no longer necessary，according to experts.Professor Moshe Vardi，of Rice University，in the US，says that many middleclass professionals will be assisting the work of machines within the next few decades leaving workers with more leisure (休闲) time than they have ever experienced.Prof Vardi sai
55、d the rise of robots could lead to unemployment rates greater than 50 percent.“We are approaching a time when machines will be able to do better than humans at almost any task，”said Vardi，a professor in computational engineering.Robots are doing more and more jobs that people used to do.I believe th
56、at society needs to face this question before its upon us：If machines can do almost any work humans can do，what will humans do?“The question I want to put forward is，Does the technology we are developing finally benefit mankind？”Prof Vardi，said existing robotic and artificial intelligence (AI) techn
57、ologies were already getting rid of a growing number of middleclass jobs and that pace of advancement in the field is increasing.But Prof Vardi is not sure that a workforce of humanlike robots will be good for mankind.“A typical answer is that if machines will do all our work，we will be free to purs
58、ue (追求) leisure activities，” he said. “I do not find this a promising future，as I do not find the idea of leisureonly life appealing.I believe that work is essential to human wellbeing.”“Humanity is about to face perhaps its greatest challenge ever，which is finding meaning in life.”“We need to rise
59、to the occasion and meet this challenge before human labor becomes out of date.”“Whats different this time is computer scientists are working on building machines that can do everything we can do，only better.If machines can do all the work or even 50 percent of the jobs that we used to do，what will
60、people do？”【语篇解读】本文是说明文。专家警示，30年内机器人将接管大部分工作。14What does Professor Moshe Vardi say about future human jobs?AThey will be more challenging.BMost will disappear completely.CMost will be replaced by robots.DThey will require higher degrees.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二、三段的描述可知，在未来的几十年内，人类的大部分工作将由机器人来完成。15What is Prof
61、 Vardi concerned about?AThe rapid population growth.BThe fast development of robots.CWhether robots will rule humans.DWhether robots will do good to humans.答案D解析细节理解题。由第六段中的Does the technology we are developing finally benefit mankind以及第八段的But Prof Vardi is not sure that a workforce of humanlike rob
62、ots will be good for mankind可知，Vardi教授担心人类发明的技术是否最终会让人类受益。16How does Prof Vardi find leisureonly life?AIdeal. BUndesirable.CCarefree. DInteresting.答案B解析推理判断题。由倒数第四段中的I do not find this a promising future，as I do not find the idea of leisureonly life appealing可知，Vardi教授并不觉得只有休闲的生活吸引人。17What will huma
63、ns face in the next few decades?ALabor shortage.BProduction surplus.CFierce competition.DLack of life purposes.答案D解析细节理解题。由倒数第三段的Humanity is about to face perhaps its greatest challenge ever，which is finding meaning in life以及最后一段中的If machines can do all the work or even 50 percent of the jobs that w
64、e used to do，what will people do？可知，如果机器能够做所有的工作，抑或甚至百分之五十的工作，人类即将面临最大的挑战，那就是找到生活的意义。.语法填空Everyday has the potential to be a good and，in some cases，a great day for you.Few of us get up in the morning 18.thinking(think) that we want this to be a bad day.Yet in many cases the day turns that way becaus
65、e of a person or an event that we worry about.Think about those small events which can throw you off balance and affect your whole day 19.negatively(negative)Who 20.stole(steal) your day？Was 21.it a boss，an unruly child，an erratic(无常的) driver on the way to work，getting 22.an “F” on a history paper，o
66、r an 23.impolite(polite) waiter at lunch that did?Every day numerous people or events can prevent us from 24.having(have) a good day，if we let them.The key is that we should adopt a positive attitude towards life.We cannot control 25.what happens to us in many cases，but we can control how we react t
67、o these events.Laotzu，a Chinese philosopher,26.said(say)，“He who conquers others is strong；he who conquers 27.himself is mighty.”.微写作【写作素材】(关于灾后救援)提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用宾语从句，there is no doubt that.等。1地震发生后，营救队首先到达了灾区。After_the_earthquake，rescue_teams_first_got_to_the_disasterhit_area.2公布损失评估不久后，源源不断的
68、捐款被送到了灾区。Shortly_after_the_declaration_of_assessment_of_the_great_loss，constant_donation_was_ sent_to_disasterhit_area.3捐款被用来帮助那些处于饥饿状态的人们。The_donation_was_used_to_assist_the_people_in_starvation.4这时，每个人都意识到人们之间已经没有了歧视，人人生而平等。On_this_occasion，everyone_was_aware_that_there_was_no_discrimination_and_t
69、hat_ everyone_was_born_equal.5毫无疑问，人们要面对重建的挑战。There_was_no_doubt_that_people_would_face_the_challenge_of_rebuilding.【连句成篇】(将以上句子连成一篇60词左右的英语短文)After the earthquake，rescue teams first got to the disasterhit area.Shortly after the declaration of assessment of the great loss，constant donation was sent to the disasterhit area to assist the people in starvation.On this occasion，everyone was aware that there was no discrimination and that everyone was born equal.There was no doubt that people would face the challenge of rebuilding.