1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家推理判断题专练(一)细节推断类A2019安徽省百所重点中学模拟Ive been a volunteer in the Macmillan Glasgow Libraries programme for just over a year. I got involved because I was looking for something to volunteer for after I retired from work. I thought being a Macmillan Cancer Information and Support Volunteer m
2、ight be a good way to do that by using some of the skills I learned at work. At one time, I felt I made a real difference when a lady came in to use the service. She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner. She had lots of things on her mind. We, together with a co
3、unselor, had a chat about her to help deal with all the emotions (情感) she felt. We knew we could arrange something, so we discussed with her what could be done for her family. She was relieved that we could get something arranged for her and liked the fact that we managed to get the ball rolling dur
4、ing her visit. The good thing about having the services in the library is that the environment is nonclinical and therefore more relaxing than the hospital or doctors surgery. The team in the library are not medically trained. That means we do not use big words or medical terms very often. Its great
5、 that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution (解决) for people who come in. Its good to have the team at the other end of the phone whenever we get something unusual. It is a pleasure to be able to help as a volunteer.体裁：夹叙夹议文题材：个人经历主题：志愿者工作【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹
6、叙夹议文。作者在本文中记叙了自己作为一名志愿者的经历。作者退休后，利用自己的技能去帮助那些需要帮助的人，并从中得到了快乐。【短语积累】get the ball rolling 开始某事；继续某事He will go to Europe next week to get the ball rolling again on peace talks.他下周将前往欧洲，开始重启和谈。1What can we infer about the author?AHe is a retired doctor.BHe is volunteering in a hospital.CHe is a counselo
7、r in cancer.DHe has fought against cancer before.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第一段的内容我们可以知道，作者现在已经退休，而且有医学方面的技能；结合第三段的内容，我们可以推测，作者是一名退休医生，故选A项。2Why did the lady feel upset?ABecause she was affected by cancer.BBecause her husband suffered from cancer.CBecause she didnt know how to treat cancer.DBecause she had a p
8、oor relation with her husband.答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“She was very upset, but she was not the person with cancer. It was her partner”和“we discussed with her what could be done for her family”可知，这位女士的丈夫得了癌症。注意：此处的“partner”表示“配偶”，故选B项。3What do we know about the volunteers?AThey do well in teamwork.BThey
9、 receive medical training.CThey all used to be helped.DThey often meet unusual things.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据最后一段的首句“Its great that the people who volunteer all work well together, helping each other to get a resolution (解决) for people who come in”可知，所有的志愿者都能很好地共同工作，彼此帮助，为来求助的人提供好的解决方案，由此推知。他们具有很强的团队意识，善于团
10、队合作，故选A项。4Why does the author write this text?ATo call on readers to do voluntary work.BTo show us how to help those in trouble.CTo share his experiences as a volunteer.DTo teach us how to take care of cancer patients.答案与解析：C考查写作意图。综合全文的内容我们可以看出，本文主要讲述的是作者的志愿者经历。因此，作者写作的目的也就是要分享他作为志愿者的经历，故选C项。B2019郑
11、州第二次质量预测 People have different ways of dealing with a common cold. Some take overthecounter medicines such as aspirin while others try popular home remedies (治疗) like herbal tea or chicken soup. Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it. So why do people sometimes be
12、lieve that their remedies work? According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so its easy to believe its medicine rather than time that deserves the credit, USA Today reported
13、. It still seems hard to believe that we can deal with more serious diseases yet are powerless against something so common as a cold. Recently, scientists came closer to figure out why. To understand it, you first need to know how antiviral drugs work. They attack the virus by attaching to and chang
14、ing the surface structures of the virus. To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw (拼图), which means scientists have to identify the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design an antiviral drug that is effective enough. The two
15、 cold viruses that scientists had long known about were rhinovirus (鼻病毒) A and B. But they didnt find out about the existence of a third virus, rhinovirus C, until 2006. All three of them contribute to the common cold, but drugs that work well against rhinovirus A and B have little effect when used
16、against rhinovirus C. “This explains most of the previous failures of drug trials against rhinoviruses，” study leader Professor Ann C. Palmenberg at the University of WisconsinMadison, US, told Science Daily. Now, more than 10 years after the discovery of rhinovirus C, scientists have finally built
17、a highlydetailed 3D model of the virus, showing that the surface of the virus is, as expected, different from that of other cold viruses. With the model in hand, hopefully a real cure for a common cold is on its way. Soon, we may no longer have to waste our money on medicines that dont really work.体
18、裁：说明文题材：医学研究主题：感冒【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家们对普通感冒的相关研究。【难句分析】According to James Taylor, professor at the University of Washington, colds usually go away on their own in about a week, improving a little each day after symptoms peak, so its easy to believe its medicine rather than time that deserves the
19、credit, USA Today reported.分析：本句是一个复合句。so引导结果状语从句；句中“its medicine rather than time that deserves the credit”是省略了that的宾语从句；its. that. 是强调句，对medicine rather than time进行强调。译文：今日美国报道说，据华盛顿大学的教授詹姆斯泰勒说，感冒在症状达到高峰后每天好转一点点，通常在大概一个星期内自行消退，因此人们很容易认为是药物而不是时间起了作用。5What does the author think of popular remedies f
20、or a common cold?AThey are quite effective.BThey are slightly helpful.CThey actually have no effect.DThey still need to be improved.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“Yet here is the tough truth about the common cold: nothing really cures it”可知，作者认为常见的应对普通感冒的方法都是无效的，这与第二段的专家论述呼应，故选C项。6How do antiviral drugs wo
21、rk?ABy breaking up cold viruses directly.BBy changing the surface structures of the cold viruses.CBy preventing colds from developing into serious diseases.DBy absorbing different kinds of cold viruses at the same time. 答案与解析：B考查细节理解。根据第三段第四句“They attack the virus by attaching to and changing the su
22、rface structures of the virus”可知，抗病毒药物是通过附着在病毒表面，并改变其表面结构而起作用的，故选B项。7What can we infer from the passage?AThe surface of cold viruses looks quite similar.BScientists have already found a cure for the common cold.CScientists were not aware of the existence of rhinovirus C until recently.DKnowing the s
23、tructure of cold viruses is the key to developing an effective cure.答案与解析：D考查推理判断。根据第三段最后一句“To do that, the drug must fit and lock into the virus like the right piece of a jigsaw (拼图), which means scientists have to identity the virus and build a 3D model to study its surface before they can design
24、an antiviral drug that is effective enough”，并结合对本段的整体理解可推知，了解感冒病毒的结构是研发有效药物的关键所在，故选D项。8What is the best title for this passage?ADrugs against cold virusesBHelpful home remediesCNo current cure for common coldDResearch on cold viruses答案与解析：C考查标题判断。根据第一段最后一句“Yet here is the tough truth about the commo
25、n cold: nothing really cures it”和最后一段的呼应，以及对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了科学家们对普通感冒的研究，结果发现目前并没有有效的治疗方法，故选C项。C2019贵阳市高三适应性考试(一) As parents, we walk a fine line between caring for our children and teaching them how to care for themselves. When theyre little, they need our help with everything. Over time, kids us
26、ually take the lead on things like feeding and dressing themselves, but it can be difficult to know when its time for them to start doing some basic things, such as packing their own lunches for school or solving problems with teachers without a parents help. Blogger Amy Carney recently shared a pos
27、t about the things parents should stop doing for their teens. In it, Carney shared the basic skills that she expects her kids to master by the time they hit 13, such as waking themselves up in the morning, making their own breakfast and lunch, and finishing their own homework. Barb Harvey, a childho
28、od behavior expert, gave me her answer: The age at which children learn to master certain skills will be different depending upon the maturity (成熟) and interest level of the child. I asked the same question among my friends. They gave all kinds of answers, which can explain Harveys opinion. Therefor
29、e, theres only one expert who can determine when your kids have the ability to deal with certain skills, and thats you. If your kids arent ready to pack their own lunches dont sweat it. Help them learn the skills theyre ready to deal with and keep working towards the end goal of raising responsible
30、and able adults. Because if theres one thing that we can all agree on as parents, its that time moves quickly when youre raising kids. One day you will wish they could just do things without you and the next day, you will feel upset that they do.体裁：说明文题材：社会生活主题：父母和孩子的成长【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了父母和孩子成长的关系
31、。【难句分析】In it, Carney shared the basic skills that she expects her kids to master by the time they hit 13, such as waking themselves up in the morning, making their own breakfast and lunch, and finishing their own homework.分析：本句是一个复合句。句中“that she expects her kids to master”是that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the basic
32、 skills。译文：在这篇文章里，Carney分享了一些她期望她的孩子们到他们13岁时应该掌握的一些基本技能，譬如早上自己醒来，自己做早餐和午餐，自己完成家庭作业等。9What is Amy Carneys expectation when her children are 13?ATo be a skillful cook. BTo follow Harveys opinion.CTo be an expert. DTo have basic skills.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“In it, Carney shared the basic skills that s
33、he expects her kids to master by the time they hit 13, such as waking themselves up in the morning, making their own breakfast and lunch, and finishing their own homework”可知，Amy Carney期望自己的孩子在13岁时可以掌握一些基本技能，故选D项。10Who can decide when the children will learn to care for themselves?AAmy Carney. BBarb
34、Harvey.CThe children. DThe parents.答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据最后一段第一句“Therefore, theres only one expert who can determine when your kids have the ability to deal with certain skills, and thats you”可知，孩子们什么时候可以照顾自己取决于父母，故选D项。11Why will parents feel upset when their children grow up?ATheir kids can do nothing.BT
35、hey feel less important.CTheir children become able adults.DTheir kids disagree on anything.答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句“One day you will wish they could just do things without you and the next day, you will feel upset that they do”和对第一段的整体理解可推知，当孩子们长大了，真的可以自己做自己的事情时，父母会觉得失落是因为父母觉得孩子们不再需要自己了，自己对他们来讲没有那么
36、重要了，故选B项。12What does the text mainly talk about?AWalking a fine line.BBlogger Amy Carney.CParents and their childrens growth.DA childhood behavior expert.答案与解析：C考查主旨大意。根据第一段第一句“As parents, we walk a fine line between caring for our children and teaching them how to care for themselves”点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述的是父母和孩子的成长的关系，故选C项。- 8 - 版权所有高考资源网