1、Unit 5Nelson Mandela a modern hero一、单词表词汇全查验运用多媒体，提问默写词汇.阅读词汇(英译汉)第一屏听写1mean adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2generous adj. 慷慨的；大方的3easygoing adj. 随和的；温和宽容的4self n. 自我；自身5selfish adj. 自私的6selfless adj. 无私的；忘我的7selflessly adv. 无私地；忘我地 第二屏听写8invader n侵略者9republic n. 共和国；共和政体10principle n. 法则；原则；原理11livelihood n. 生计；谋
2、生12mankind n. 人类13lawyer n. 律师14legal adj. 法律的；依照法律的15fee n. 费(会费、学费等)；酬金 第三屏听写16league n 同盟；联盟；联合会17Youth League 青年团18quote n. 引用语；语录19release vt. 释放；发行20blanket n. 毛毯；毯子21terror n. 恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动22anti前缀 _反；抗；阻23antiblack adj. 反黑人的 .高频词汇(汉译英)第四屏听写1quality n 质量；品质；性质2warmhearted adj. 热心肠的3active
3、 adj. 积极的；活跃的4devote vt. (与to连用)献身；专心于5devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的6found vt. 建立；建设7peaceful adj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的8hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的 第五屏听写9youth n青年；青年时期10guidance n. 指导；领导11stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期12vote vt.&vi. 投票；选举n. 投票；选票；表决13attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击14equal adj. 相等的；平等的15willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的 第六屏听写16unfair adj. 不公
4、正的；不公平的17escape vi.&vt. 逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露18educate vt. 教育；训练19educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的20beg vi. 请求；乞求21relative n. 亲戚；亲属22reward n. 报酬；奖金vt. 酬劳；奖赏第七屏听写23sentence vt.判决；宣判24president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长25opinion n. 意见；看法；主张26violence n. 暴力；暴行27cruelty n. 残忍；残酷28out_of_work 失业29as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上 第八屏听写30blo
5、w_up 使充气；爆炸31in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中32turn_to 求助于；致力于33lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心34come_to_power 当权；上台35set_up 设立；建立36be_sentenced_to 被判处(徒刑) 二、单元核心考点初热身提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词用时少功效高识记单词写对.知其意(英译汉)1.mean adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的2.quote n. 引用语；语录3.league n. 同盟；联盟；联合会4.release vt. 释放；发行5.livelihood n. 生计；谋生.写其形(汉译
6、英)1.hopeful adj. 怀有希望的；有希望的2.youth n. 青年；青年时期3.willing adj. 乐意的；自愿的4.unfair adj. 不公正的；不公平的5.beg vi. 请求；乞求6.relative n 亲戚；亲属7.warmhearted adj. 热心肠的8.stage n. 舞台；阶段；时期9.attack vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击10.president n. 总统；会长；校长；行长核心单词练通1.Tsinghua University, founded (建立) in 1911, is one of the best universities in C
7、hina.2.Our company is more concerned with quality (质量) than quantity.3.They managed to escape (逃脱) from the burning building by breaking down the door.4.The government rewarded (奖赏) him for saving the old man in the well.5.Black people could not vote (选举) or choose their leaders in the past.6.We may
8、 have different opinions (看法) in organizing class activities.7.He was involved in a bank robbery and was sentenced (判处) to six years in prison.拓展单词用活记全记牢1.active adj.积极的；活跃的actively adv.积极地；活跃地activity n活动2.devote vt.献身；专心于devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的devotion n关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚3.peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的peacefully
9、adv.和平地peace n和平；平静；和睦4.guidance n指导；领导guide vt.带领，引导 n向导5.violence n暴力；暴行violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的violently adv.猛烈地6.equal adj.相等的；平等的equality n平等；相等equally adv.同样地；相等地；公平地7.educate vt.教育；训练educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的education n教育educator n教育工作者；教育家8.cruelty n残忍；残酷cruel adj.残忍的；残酷的用准用活1.In order to give her
10、a good education,_her parents sent her to a famous school to be educated.(educate)2.China is known to be a peaceful country. Its been a model of peace in the world. (peace)3.Bethune, a devoted friend of Chinese, devoted his life to helping Chinese. I really respect his devotion to medical work.(devo
11、te)4.All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)5.He criticized violently that the government did little to stop the violence in the country.(violent)1.“n.fuladj.”荟萃peacepeaceful和平的painpainful 痛苦的harmharmful 有害的powerpowerful 强大的meaning
12、meaningful 有意义的cheercheerful 欢乐的2.后缀ance高频名词全接触guidance指导；领导importance 重要；重要性ignorance 无知；愚昧significance 意义；重要性appearance 出现tolerance 宽容；容忍3.“奖；奖赏”家族reward vt.酬劳；奖赏n. 报酬；奖金award vt. 授予；奖给n. 奖品；奖金prize n. 奖金；奖品bonus n. 奖金；红利(二)语段串记短语不枯燥兴趣高先 写 对再 用 准第一组1.out_of_work失业2.in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中3.tu
13、rn_to 求助于；致力于4.lose_heart_ 丧失勇气或信心e_to_power 当权；上台6.as_a_matter_of_fact_ 事实上The situation has become worse and worse since the new government came_to_power. I am out_of_work and feel at a loss what to do. I will turn_to my friend, Mary for advice tomorrow, who always encourages me not to lose_heart.
14、 She told me I should be hopeful about the future when I am in_trouble.第二组1.blow_up使充气；爆炸2.set_up 设立；建立3.be_sentenced_to 被判处(徒刑)4.be_willing_to_do 愿意做5.be_in_prison 坐牢6.in_ones_opinion/view 在某人看来7.fight_for 为而战Nelson Mandela devoted all his life to realizing the dream that people with different colo
15、rs should be equal. He set_up a law office to offer guidance to poor black people on their legal problems. One day, one of his supporters helped him blow_up the government buildings to fight_for their rights. Unfortunately, he was_sentenced_to prison for life on Robben Island until 1990.1.“inn.”短语面面
16、观in trouble在困境中in danger处于危险中in return 作为回报 in detail 详细地in order 井然有序 in place 在适当的位置in vain 徒劳地 in peace 平静地2.“动词to”短语荟萃turn to求助于；致力于object to反对refer to 谈到；涉及；参阅 point to 指向belong to 属于 stick to 坚持；忠于see to 处理；料理 come to 共计；苏醒(三)仿写用活句式造佳句表达高背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.The last thirty years have seen the gre
17、atest number of laws stopping our rights and progress .过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步主语是时间或地点名词，谓语是see, find等动词，表示经历或目睹了某事。近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。The_last_few_years_have_seen environmental disasters on a grand scale, and experts are predicting far worse to come.2. only then did we decide to
18、 answer violence with violence. 只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only修饰状语放在句首，句子用部分倒装。只有你来中国的时候，你才能体验中国的饮食文化。(2018全国卷书面表达) Only_when_you_come_to_China_can_you_experience Chinese food culture.3.I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。the first time “第一次”，引导时间状语从句。第一次比赛失败，我们都感到很沮丧，因为我们都
19、全身心地为此做了充分准备。The_first_time_we_lost_the_match,_we all felt very depressed, because we had all been devoted to making full preparations for it.考点新组合阅读微技能The first time I heard of Stephen Hawking, I was moved by his devotion to the research. As for his daily life, he is in great trouble. For example,
20、only when he turns to the computer is it possible for him to speak, read and write. However, he devotes_(he) to the study of science and his contributions to the world have no equal. In my opinion, nothing could be in reward for his contributions _ science. 1.把句改为正常语序：For_example,_it_is_possible_for
21、_him_to_speak,_read_and_write_only_when_he_turns_to_the_computer.2.处应填词的正确形式为 himself。3.处应填介词 to。1devote vt.献身；专心于(1)devote . to . 把奉献于devote oneself to 献身于；致力于(2)devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的be devoted to (doing) sth. 专心于(做)某事； 奉献于(做)某事(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚多角练透单句语法填空Once married, Jo devoted her whole l
22、ife to looking after children and being a full time homemaker.Devoting (devote) herself/Devoted (devote) to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.To be honest, Li Lei is my devoted (devote) friend.Almost all the students in our school are moved by Ja
23、cks devotion (devote) to his teaching work.补全句子You will never gain success unless you are_fully_devoted_to your work.除非你完全专注于你的工作，不然你永远不会获得成功。联想发散以下短语中to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时应用动名词形式。look forward to doing sth.盼望做某事object to doing sth. 反对做某事get down to doing sth. 开始做某事pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事be/g
24、et used/accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事2equal adj.相等的；平等的；同等的；胜任的vt.等于；抵得上n.同等的人；相等物(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/胜任(做)某事without equal 无与伦比equal sb./sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(2)equality n. 平等equally adv. 相等地；同等地；均等地；同样地多角练透单句语法填空His paintings are without equal in the Western world.N
25、obody can equal him in intelligence.Men and women must be treated equally (equal) in education and employment.单句写作其次，要积极向上和开心，因为你的心理健康和身体健康同等重要。For another, be positive and cheerful, for your mental health is_equal_to_your_physical_health.联想发散表示“胜任”的其他常见表达：be up tobe fit forbe qualified for3reward n
26、报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏(1)as a reward (for .)作为(对的)报酬/奖赏in reward for 为酬谢；作为的奖励(2)reward sb. with . for sth. 为某事而用酬谢某人(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；有意义的多角练透单句语法填空We gave him a gift as a reward for his kindness.He received a medal in reward for his bravery.They rewarded the winners with gifts of fruits and flower
27、s when the match ended.单句写作你提到你可以教我英语作为回报，这恰恰正是我想要的。You mentioned that you_could_teach_me_English_as_a_reward,_which is exactly what I want.4in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ask for trouble自找麻烦；自讨苦吃get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事方面有困难/麻烦take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事
28、或困难尽力做某事多角练透单句语法填空If you are in trouble, we are willing to lend you a hand.Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers always help us patiently.You cant imagine the trouble I had persuading (persuade) him to change his mind.Thanks for the trouble you have taken to_help (help) us.补全句子What
29、 worries me a lot is that I am_really_having_trouble_in_collecting_information_and_using_language.让我十分担心的是，我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。5turn to求助于；翻到(书的某页)；致力于；查阅；转向 一词多义写出下列句中turn to的含义He is ready to help others, seldom, if ever, refusing them when they turn to him.求助于After he left university he became a te
30、acher, but later turned to journalism.转向You shouldnt always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.查阅Please turn to page 40.翻到归纳拓展turn down关小；拒绝turn away 拒绝入内；把打发走turn up 出现；露面；调大turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产turn over 打翻；翻身；移交Some compromises were unavoidable, but the video turned_out pe
31、rfect.(2017北京高考书面表达)一些妥协是不可避免的，但视频证明是极好的。6the first time引导时间状语从句I felt bad the_first_time I talked to a group.第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。有类似用法的词语还有：(1)each/every time每次时next time 下次时the last time 上次时(2)一就The_first_time_I_went_there,_they were living in a small house with dogs, ducks, and other animals.(201
32、8全国卷)我第一次去那里时，他们住在一个小房子里，有狗、鸭子和其他动物。Every/Each_time_I_see_the_old_man in the park, he is absorbed in reading newspapers.每次我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地读报纸。名师指津the first time 表示“第一次”，在句中可作宾语、表语，还可以用作连词，引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”，独立作状语，不引导从句。He became interested in the young teachers lesson the_first_t
33、ime he attended his class.He was so excited in class for_the_first_time.他第一次上课时就对这位年轻老师的课感兴趣。他第一次上课这么兴奋。7“only状语”置于句首的倒装句式.only_then_did_we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到这个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装。Only by understanding and learning from each other can_we_
34、spend those days together happily. (2014天津高考书面表达)只有通过相互理解、彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些美好的日子。Theres no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will_we_achieve_our_dreams. (2015湖南高考满分作文)不可否认，只有我们以正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难我们才会实现我们的梦想。名师指津(1)“only从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装；(2
35、)only 放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。Only a few of the children havent yet got a chance of being educated.仍有少数儿童未得到受教育的机会。考点新组合阅读微技能We have reached a stage_ we must take effective measures to protect the environment from going bad to worse. Now, anyone who does harm to our environment wont escape being punished. And
36、 the past few months have witnessed changes in the environment. The air quality, _ is shown in the report, has improved gradually. 1.处应填关系词 where。2.用高级词汇替换anyone who：whoever。3.处应填 as。8.escape v& n逃脱；逃生；泄露；被遗忘；逃走；避开(1)escape (doing) sth.逃避(做)某事escape from 从逃脱；逃避(2)a narrow escape 九死一生；死里逃生多角练透单句语法填空H
37、e escaped being_killed (kill) in the explosion because he had not gone to work.Seeing the poisonous gas escaping from the broken pipe, he sounded the alarm.写出加黑单词在语境中的含义Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.被遗忘9拟人修辞手法The_last_thirty_years_have_seen the g
38、reatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺了我们的权利，阻挡了我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。 (1)see意为“见证，目睹，经历”时，常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语，表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。(2)与see用法相同的动词有find, witness, say, experience等，这些
39、词在句中作谓语，用物作主语时，表示一种拟人的手法，以增添语言色彩，使表达更形象。The_year_1949_saw_the_founding of the Peoples Republic of China.1949年见证了中华人民共和国的建立。The two stone lions standing in front of Tiananmen saw/witnessed_many_great_historic_events.天安门前的这两只石狮目睹了许多重大的历史事件。 单元语基落实.单句语法填空1Under our teachers careful guidance (guide), we
40、 finished our homework in advance.2The man should be condemned for his cruelty (cruel) to his wife.3It does serious harm to childrens character that too much violence (violent) is shown on television.4He was_attacked (attack) by a dog when he was walking along the street.5If we cant finish the work
41、on time, we will get into trouble.6Although he made a serious mistake in his work, he was lucky to escape being_fired (fire) by his boss.7With the speeches finished, we voted to_choose (choose) the monitor.8People in all countries want a peaceful (peace) world rather than one filled with wars.9Thoug
42、h he has met with many difficulties over the past two years, he is still hopeful (hope)10High school education (educate) is very important for students, because it can help them to choose their future.11Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai was_rewarded (reward) with a magnificent view.12The com
43、pany, founded (found) last year, has gained a good reputation in society.13When your students do what you want them to do, praise them generously (generous)14This position is equally (equal) suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has work experience.15Mr. Smith is a lonely creature, for he
44、 has neither friends nor relatives (relative).根据提示词和相关结构补全句子1这是一个没有收音机、没有电话，也没有电视的时期。(This was a time when)This_was_a_time_when_there_were_no_radios,_no telephones or no TV sets.2只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系，从不与他们联系是愚蠢的。(only引起的倒装句)Only_then_did_I_realize_that it was foolish of me to break away from all of
45、my friends and never contact them. 3.我第一次在会议厅演讲时非常紧张。(the first time)I was very nervous the_first_time_I_gave_a_speech_in_the_meeting_hall. 4.当他的亲戚朋友向他求助时，他总是乐意帮助他们。(turn to; willing)When his relatives and friends turn_to_him_for_help,_he is_always_willing_to_give them a hand.5这座古庙见证了过去二百年里这个村庄的巨大变迁
46、。(see)The_old_temple_has_seen_great_changes_of_the_village in the past two hundred years.6直到那个时候，我才意识到帮助有困难的人感觉多么美妙。(in trouble)Only then did I realize what a good feeling it_was_to_have_helped_someone_in_trouble.7不要失去信心。你为什么不给自己再一次尝试？(lose heart)Dont_lose_heart. Why not give yourself another try?8他
47、失业已经三年了，到现在还没找到工作。(out of work)He_has_been_out_of_work_for_three_years and hasnt yet found a job.9玛丽把全部时间和精力都投入到了工作中，因此，她得到老板的赞扬。(devote . to)Mary_has_devoted_all_her_time_and_energy_to_her_work,_so she was praised by her boss.10这是鲁迅先生曾住过的地方。(定语从句)This is the place where_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived/in_whi
48、ch_Mr._Lu_Xun_once_lived.一句多译/句型转换1我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。I gave him a book bought from Shanghai in_reward_for_his_help.(reward n)As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai. (reward n)I rewarded_him_with_a_book which I bought from Shanghai for his help. (reward v)2I real
49、ized knowledge is valuable only when I had another failure in my jobseeking.Only when I had another failure in my jobseeking did_I_realize_knowledge_is_valuable.It_was_only_when_I_had_another_failure_in_my_jobseeking_that I realized knowledge is valuable.(强调句型)3The government came to power two years
50、 ago.The government has_been_in_power for two years.4He devoted himself to community activities and was praised by the people around.Devoting_himself_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around.(devote vt.)Devoted_to_community_activities,_he was praised by the people around.(devoted
51、 adj.)高考拆组训练阅读理解组块专练练速度(限时：30分钟).阅读理解AIn the mornings Alain Pepin works in a surveying office, doing clerical (文书的) work, but in the afternoons and at weekends he does something much more exciting he is an underwater stuntman (特技演员). In this weeks article he tells us what a summer day in his life is
52、 like.What time do you get up?A summer day for me starts around 7 am. I have breakfast and ride my bike to work. I start work at 8 am. I spend all morning in front of my network computer working until lunchtime.What do you do after work?Well, I leave the office at 1 pm and have lunch. If the weather
53、 is fine, I pack my equipment and set off to the location of the stunt. When I get there, I set up the equipment and get into the water. This is when the fun starts. I move about in and under the water in a wetsuit and helmet (潜水服和头盔) performing tricks. Its quite tiring though, because each stunt is
54、 different and takes a different length of time. A photo shoot usually takes a long time to complete because everything has to be perfect.What do you do when you are not diving?I enjoy waterskiing, kayaking and snorkelling (带呼吸管潜泳). I spend most of my spare time, however, planning, practicing and tr
55、aining for my stunts.How do you like working underwater?I love it. It can be a bit boring in the winter, though, when the weather is cold. It is difficult to get a swimming pool all to myself so I can practice. But when Im diving, I really enjoy it. Every time I come home after work, I feel full of
56、energy and I have a great sense of achievement.1The clerical work Alain Pepin does _.Ais about sportsBpays very wellCis a fulltime jobDhas to be finished online解析：选D细节理解题。由第一段的“In the mornings Alain Pepin .doing clerical (文书的) work”和第二段的“I spend all morning in front of my network computer working un
57、til lunchtime.”可知，Alain Pepin早上在一个调查部门工作，他的工作需在线完成。2According to Alain Pepin, working underwater is _.Afairly easyBfull of dangerCquite interestingDperfect for everyone解析：选C推理判断题。由第三段的“This is when the fun starts.”和最后一段Alain Pepin对水下工作的看法“I feel full of energy and I have a great sense of achievement
58、”可知，他认为在水下工作非常有趣。3We can say that Alain Pepin _.Aleads a double lifeBshould choose a better jobCneeds to plan for the futureDis always ready to help others解析：选A推理判断题。第一段描述Alain Pepin早上做文书工作，下午和周末却是做水下特技表演工作，由这两种工作性质的反差可知，他过着一种双面生活。BWhen Sarah Hansen first came to Bonnie Schlachtes ballet studio, she
59、 jokingly called herself a “weeblewobble”， telling her ballet teacher that she would fall when she tried to walk.“She couldnt walk across the room without holding onto something，” recalled Schlachte.“She would immediately fall.”Hansen was only in middle school, but a progressive neurological (神经性的)
60、disease prevented her from walking, let alone doing ballet.But Hansen had a strong spirit and desperately wanted to learn ballet.Hansen took weekly group classes at Schlachtes ballet studio called Ballet for all Kids, a studio that teaches children with and without disabilities.Soon after she began
61、classes and private lessons, her family saw a vast improvement in her ability to move.She worked tirelessly in the studio, focusing on what her instructor wanted from her.“At the time, her foot wouldnt fully rest on the floor，” explained Schlachte.“Thats why she couldnt stand on her own if there was
62、 no support.” Schlachte pushed her student, explaining to Hansen that her brain has neuroplasticity (神经可塑性), so eventually it will receive the message.Holding a degree in psychology, Bonnie Schlachte was the perfect person to push Hansen to do her best.Schlachte put herself through college with danc
63、e and theater scholarships.After graduation, she came across a chance to help children with disabilities.She fell in love with and chose to focus on jobs in that field.Years later, Schlachte found herself watching and celebrating Hansen, who at one point could barely walk, but now could move across
64、the floor on her own two feet.“One day, her ankle dropped, and she put her whole foot on the ground，” said Schlachte.“I was crying and her mom was crying.It was a great moment.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，从小患有神经系统疾病的Sarah Hansen不能走路，然而她却喜欢跳芭蕾。在老师的耐心教导和自己的努力下，她终于能够独立行走了。4Why did Sarah Hansen call herself a “weeble
65、wobble”？AShe had difficulty in walking.BShe was a poor ballet dancer.CShe had no idea about her brain.DShe made slow progress at school.解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段的“telling her ballet teacher that she would fall when she tried to walk”可知，当她走路时，她就会摔倒，这是她称呼自己为weeblewobble的原因。5What kind of person was Sarah Hansen?
66、AEnergetic and confident.BOptimistic and generous.CIndependent and outgoing.DDetermined and hardworking.解析：选D推理判断题。由第二段的“But Hansen had a strong spirit and desperately wanted to learn ballet”和第三段的第一句可推知，她是一个意志坚定而且勤奋的人。6What made Schlachte and Hansens mother cry?AHansens degree in psychology.BHansens
67、 improvement in moving.CHansens willingness to learn ballet.DHansens winning dance scholarships.解析：选B细节理解题。由最后一段的“could move across the floor on her own two feet”和“she put her whole foot on the ground”可知，Hansen能够自己走路了，她在走路方面取得的进步让她的老师和母亲喜极而泣。CBorn in London in 1825, Thomas Henry Huxley was one of th
68、e greatest men of the nineteenth century.In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard HM.S. Rattlesnake.The ship had been asked to survey areas of the Great Barrier Reef and the neighboring seas.This gave Thomas Henry Huxley an opportunity to study animal life and was the start
69、of his biological career.The voyage lasted four years, during which time he gathered much information on plankton (浮游生物)On his return from the voyage, Thomas Henry Huxley was made a member of the Royal Society in recognition of his scientific work.Although he continued to publish papers about plankt
70、on, his interest was turning towards vertebrate (有脊椎的) animals.For some time Thomas Henry Huxley and his workmates had been discussing the possibility that animal species had evolved (进化), one from another.No satisfactory theories had been put forward, but in 1859 Darwins Origin of Species appeared.
71、Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided “the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”For the rest of his life Thomas Henry Huxley struggled to ensure the full recognition of Darwins work.In 1863 Thomas Henry Huxley published Mans place in Nature
72、 in which he compared man and great apes (猿)He clearly showed similarities.Despite his many achievements, he was given no award by the British state until late in his life.From about 1870, Thomas Henry Huxley was too involved in other things to continue actual research.He had always been interested
73、in education.He pioneered the teaching of biology and his method of selecting “type animals” is still followed today.He spent the last ten years of his life writing essays mainly on biology.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国生物学家、教育家赫胥黎的生平以及他的主要科学研究。7Why did Huxley go on the voyage?ATo explore the deep sea.BTo do
74、 research on sea animals.CTo work as a doctor on the ship.DTo gather information for his paper.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的“In 1846 Thomas Henry Huxley was appointed assistant doctor aboard HM.S.Rattlesnake.”可知，赫胥黎进行这次航行的最初目的是在船上担任助理医生。8How did Huxley react to the theory of natural selection?AHe had doubt abou
75、t it.BHe thought highly of it.CHe couldnt understand it.DHe thought he developed it first.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thomas Henry Huxley at once realized its importance and how the theory of natural selection provided the working hypothesis (假说) we sought”可知，赫胥黎很重视达尔文的自然选择学说。9What do we know about Huxleys bo
76、ok Mans Place in Nature?AIt discusses the importance of human beings.BIt focuses on Darwins theory of natural selection.CIt talks about the differences between man and apes.DIt provides evidence about the evolution of man from apes.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，赫胥黎在他的著作人类在自然界的位置中比较了人类与猿之间的相似处，说明他们在进化过程中的联系。
77、10What can we learn about Huxley from the last paragraph?AHe continued his research till his death.BHe contributed a lot to biology teaching.CHe never got awards for his achievements.DHe became a good novelist late in his life.解析：选B细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He had always been interested in education.He pioneere
78、d the teaching of biology and his method of selecting type animals is still followed today.”可知，赫胥黎在生物教学方面做出了很大的贡献。.阅读七选五Some people choose to live in a flat sharing with others.Others cant imagine leaving their perfect flats to live with lots of other people.If you live alone, youre responsible for
79、your own space.If you need your quiet space, youre guaranteed to have it._1_ And you can catch up with work without being interrupted or have a long and undisturbed bath.However, theres no one around if you need a helping hand.If something gets broken, youll have to fix it yourself._2_ You dont have
80、 friends at home to invite you out and help you meet people.Theres no one at home to have a cup of tea with and talk about how your day was._3_ Sometimes when you get home, the cake your colleague gave you as a thankyou present is mysteriously gone.Whenever you want a relaxing bath, theres no hot wa
81、ter left and someone wants to come in every five minutes.Its also rarely quiet.Someone always seems to have a birthday party when you want to go to bed early.But in spite of all that, there can be some wonderful moments, like waking up to the sound of the hoover (吸尘器)_4_ And when you come home after
82、 a long day, you find your housemates making pizza with leftover vegetables while you watch a film._5_So, whats your choice?AYou can be alone quite a lot.BThats when it all seems worth it.CYou dont have to share the sofa with anyone.DLiving alone has become more popular in recent years.EIts not all
83、good when you live with other people, though.FYou will realize how important your friends and family are.GYou will realize someone else is doing the cleaning for a change.1选C本空承接上文，是对上一句“If you need your quiet space, youre guaranteed to have it.”的举例：如果你需要安静的空间，你肯定会拥有它。你不需要和别人分享沙发。2选A本空后两句是对这一处内容的具体说明：你不会收到舍友的外出邀请，也没有人和你在家里边喝茶边聊天；由此可推知，本空是指你会经常感到孤独。3选E根据下文内容可知，本段谈论了和别人住在一起也并不总是那么美好。4选G本空承接上一句中提到的那些美妙时刻中的一种情况：在吸尘器的声音中醒来，你会意识到有人正在打扫房间。5选B本空是对最后一段内容的概括：这些美妙的时刻会使你感到做出和别人住在一起这个选择是值得的。