1、Section_Welcome to the unit & Reading Language points一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.lecture n讲座2.found vt. 兴建，建立3.pour v. 涌流，倾泻；倒出(液体)4.flee v. 逃避，逃跑；迅速离开5.disaster n. 灾难6.destroy vt. 毁坏，摧毁mercial adj. 商业的，贸易的8.sandstorm n. 沙尘暴，风沙9.institute n. (教育或其他专业)机构，研究所10.ruin n. 废墟；毁坏vt. 破坏，毁灭11.beneath prep. 在之下
2、12.material n. 材料；物质adj. 物质的13.nearby adv.& adj. 在附近(的).拓展词汇1.civilization n文明civilized adj.文明的，开化的2.erupt vi.(火山等)爆发eruption n爆发3.unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的fortunate adj.幸运的；侥幸的fortunately adv.幸运地；侥幸地4.decorate vt.装饰，装潢decoration n装饰，装饰物5.wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的wealth n财富；富有，富足6.gradually adv.渐渐地，逐渐地gradu
3、al adj.逐渐的7.cultural adj.文化的culturally adv.文化上，从文化上，与文艺有关culture n文化8.remains n遗物，遗迹，遗骸remain vi.剩下，留下remaining adj.剩余的，留下的，其余的9.explode vi.爆炸explosion n爆炸1.“建设，建立，建造”云集build v建立，建造found vt. 建立，兴建establish v. 建立，创办construct v. 建立，构建set up 建立，设立，搭建2.“商业，贸易”王国business n. 生意，买卖，商业trade n& v. 贸易，商业；进行贸易
4、，从事交易commercial adj. 商业的，贸易的commerce n. 商业，贸易，买卖3.“n.n.”合成名词荟萃sandstorm 沙尘暴，风沙rainforest 雨林newspaper 报纸steamboat 蒸汽船goldsmith 金匠，金器商4.“破坏，毁坏”集中营ruin vt.& n. 破坏，毁灭；废墟，毁坏destroy vt. 毁坏，摧毁damage v. 损坏，破坏break v. 破坏，打碎/破5.语境巧记派生词Flowers are an important part of the wedding decoration.The church or hall
5、is decorated with flowers.鲜花是婚礼装饰中的重要一环，教堂或婚礼会场要用鲜花装饰。Whether you can buy the tickets using the remaining money remains to be seen.你是否能用剩下的钱买票仍有待观察。二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.protect .from保护免受2be known as 作为而出名3take over 夺取；接管4be buried alive 被活埋5be decorated with 装饰着6turn out 证明是；结果是7break down (身体)垮掉；分解
6、；(机器等)出故障8together with 和一起9cut down 砍倒10result in 导致1.lost civilizations 失落的文明2attend a lecture 听讲座3a rich and busy city 一座繁华的城市4the surrounding countryside 周围的村庄5under government protection 在政府保护下6stepping stone 垫脚石7the middle of the city 市中心8a green land with huge trees 大树成荫的绿洲9cultural institute
7、 文化研究所10a stopping point 停靠点三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Near the city was a volcano.离该城不远处有一座火山。表示地点的介词短语放句首且主语为名词时，用全部倒装。In the south of Guangdong Province lies_Guangzhou.广州位于广东省南部。2.Many people were buried alive, and so was the city.很多人都被活埋了，整座城市也被掩埋了。“so系/助动词主语”表示前面说的肯定情况也适于后者。I want to be a doctor, and so
8、_does_Mary.我想当一名医生， 玛丽也想。3.Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago.今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。as 用作连词，引导方式状语从句，意为“正如，正像”。Leave it as_it_is.让它照现在的样子放在那儿。1(教材P42)The city was founded in the 8th century BC.这座城市兴建于公元前8世纪。found vt.兴建，创建；建立，创立(1)found .on/upon .建设在基础上be found
9、ed on/upon . 根据创作/建设(2)foundation n. 创建，设立，基础The Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949.中华人民共和国成立于1949年。The castle is_founded_on/upon solid rock.这座城堡建在坚固的岩石上。Law was an order of peace founded on fairness.法律乃是建立在公平基础上的一种治安秩序。名师点津found 的过去式和过去分词都是 founded; 而find 的过去式和过去分词都是found。2(教材P42)In 89 B
10、C, the Romans took over Pompeii.公元前89年，罗马人占领了庞贝。take over夺取；接管；控制，管理；继承take over sth. 接收/接管/夺取/占领某物take over from . 从接管/夺取The doctor wanted his son to take over his career when he retired.这位医生希望自己退休后，儿子能够子承父业。Our manager told me that I would take_over_the_job as branch manager next month.我们经理告诉我下个月我
11、将接管部门经理的工作。It has been suggested that mammals took_over_from dinosaurs 65 million years ago.有人提出哺乳动物是在6 500万年前取代恐龙的。名师点津take 的常见短语：take out 带出去；取出，拿出take after (外貌或行为)像(父亲或母亲)take off 起飞；匆匆离开；迅速流行；脱下；休假，休息take back 使回想起，退回/同意收回(货品)，收回(说过的话)take up 占用(时间、空间等)；开始做；开始从事；继续take apart 拆卸，拆开take away 解除，消
12、除(痛苦等)；拿走，带走take down 拆除；写下，记下take in 收留；吸入；欺骗，蒙骗take on 呈现，具有(特征、外观等)；聘用，雇用；决定做，承担3(教材P42)On 24 August AD 79, the volcano erupted and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.公元79年8月24日，这座火山爆发了。岩浆、火山灰及岩石喷涌而出，全部倾泻到周围的村庄。pour vi.涌流，倾泻 vt.倒出(液体)；源源输出pour in涌进pour into 涌进po
13、ur out (of .) (从)涌出；倾诉pour .into/on . 把倒入/把倒在上pour 给某人倒某物Would you please pour me a cup of tea?请你给我倒杯茶好吗？People pour_into big department stores when they have sales.大百货商店大减价的时候人们蜂拥而至。Pour_milk_out_of the bottle into the glass.把牛奶从瓶子里倒到玻璃杯里去。It never rains but it pours.不雨则已，一雨倾盆。4(教材P42)How unfortuna
14、te!真是太不幸了！unfortunate adj.不幸的，遗憾的n.不幸的人或事(1)be unfortunate in (doing) sth.在方面很不幸be unfortunate to do sth. 很不幸做某事It is unfortunate that . 真遗憾/可惜(2)unfortunately adv. 不幸地；令人遗憾地It is unfortunate that you missed the meeting.真遗憾，你没参加那次会议。He was_unfortunate_in_losing hearing.他丧失了听力，真不幸。I was unfortunate t
15、o_lose my keys.我把钥匙丢了，真倒霉。It was unfortunate that he couldnt speak English.真可惜他不会讲英语。Unlike many other poor unfortunates, I do have a job.我同许多其他不幸的人不一样，我是有工作的。5(教材P43)I saw several houses which were decorated with wall paintings.我看到了几处装饰着壁画的房子。decorate vt.装饰，装潢；布置(1)decorate .with .用装饰be decorated w
16、ith 被装饰着(2)decoration n. 装饰，装饰品/物We need to decorate our mind with virtue.我们应该用德行美化心灵。The street is/was_decorated_with flower beds from space to space.街道上每隔一定距离装饰有一个花坛。The curtains do not match with the decoration.窗帘与室内装潢不相配。名师点津decorate 不接双宾语，而采用 decorate .with sth.的结构。6(教材P43)It turns out that aft
17、er the ash covered the people who failed to flee the city, their bodies nearly completely broke down and disappeared, leaving empty spaces in the ash.原来，火山灰覆盖了没能逃离城市的人，他们的身体几乎全部烧化消失了，只留下火山灰里的人形空当。flee vt.& vi.逃避，逃跑；迅速离开flee away逃离flee from 从逃离；避免flee to/into 逃到Why does she always flee any kind of re
18、sponsibility?她为什么总是逃避责任？He never flees_away at the sight of danger.他从不一见危险就跑。The child fled_to_his_mother,_looking for safety.小孩逃向他的母亲，寻求安全。Everyone fled_from the building when the alarm sounded.当警报响起时，每个人都从大楼里逃出来。break down (身体等)垮掉，坍塌；(机器等)出故障，坏掉；失败；打破；分解写出下列句中break down的含义If Tim carries on working
19、 like this, hell break down sooner or later.(身体)垮掉Our car broke down on the way to the city.出故障At last, the talks broke down and they didnt agree on it.失败The workers broke down the old door and replaced it with a new one.打破In the big fire, the house broke down and turned into ash.坍塌Chemicals in the
20、body break down our food.分解名师点津break 的其他短语有：break away (from .)逃脱；脱离break in打断，插嘴；强行闯入break into 强行进入；突然开始(笑、欢呼等)break out (战争、火灾等)突然发生，爆发break up 打碎；(关系)破裂；(会议等)结束break through 克服，突破7(教材P43)A scholar from the local cultural institute, Professor Zhang, told us that around the year 1900 the European
21、explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom.来自当地文化研究所的一位学者张教授告诉我们，大约在1900年，来自欧洲的探险家斯文海定发现了楼兰王国遗迹。ruin n废墟； 毁坏 vt.破坏，毁灭(1)in ruins成为废墟bring .to ruin 使毁灭，使没落fall/go into ruin 衰落，败落，荒废(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡，自毁前程The bad weather ruined our trip.恶劣的天气毁了我们的旅行。Three days later, the fire was
22、 put out and some 500 blocks were in_ruins.三天后火被扑灭了，大约500个街区夷为平地。The church built hundreds of years ago has fallen into ruin.建于几百年前的那座教堂已破败不堪。He ruined_himself by stealing in a supermarket.他因在超市偷东西自毁前程。名师点津ruin 多指自然因素对建筑物、动植物、城镇等带来的严重破坏，破坏的后果往往使事物丧失价值；也可指使假期、希望、梦想、前程等美好的事物尽毁或严重危害健康等。8(教材P43)Sven fou
23、nd the remains of buildings buried beneath the sand, together with a lot of treasures, including coins, painted pots, material such as silk, documents and wall paintings.斯文发现了埋在沙子下面的建筑遗迹以及许多宝藏，包括钱币，彩绘罐，像丝绸这样的布料、文献和壁画。remains n遗物，遗迹，遗骸remain vi.留下；剩下；停留linking v. 依旧，仍然是(后接形容词、名词、分词、介词短语、从句)remaining
24、adj. 剩下的(前置定语)The cultural scholar has studied the remains for five years.这位文化学者研究这里的遗迹已经5年了。When the others had gone, Joan remained to clean the room.别人走了，琼留下来打扫房间。The girl remained_silent.It was as if she hadnt heard him.女孩依旧不作声， 好像不曾听见他的话似的。She used the remaining 50 dollars/50 dollars left to buy
25、 her mother a gift.她用剩下的50美元给妈妈买了一件礼物。名师点津(1)remaining 通常作前置定语，而left 作“剩下的”讲时，常在句中作后置定语。(2)remain 无进行时和被动语态。beneath prep.在之下adv.在下方，在底下The earth lay beneath a blanket of snow.大地被厚厚的白雪覆盖。He was standing on the bridge looking at the river beneath.他站在桥上，看着脚下的小河。辨析比较beneath, below, underbeneath 正式用语，指某物
26、位于与之接触的表面的正下方below普通用语，指某物低于另一物体，但不一定在正下方under普通用语，指某物直接在另一物体的下方选用上述单词填空Tom enjoyed feeling the warm sand beneath his feet.汤姆喜欢脚踏温暖沙子的感觉。He dived below the surface of the water.他潜入了水中。Have you looked under the bed?你看床底下了吗？together with和一起He sent her some books, together with a dictionary.他送了她几本书， 外加
27、一本词典。Tom, together with his good friends, has_gone to the library.汤姆和他的好朋友们去图书馆了。They, together with my father, run the shop.他们和我父亲一起经营这家商店。名师点津together with用于连接并列成分；当主语后面跟有together with短语时，谓语动词与together with前的主语保持人称和数的一致。.单项填空1Eton College, _ by Henry in 1440, is a private school for boys in Englan
28、d.AdevelopedBgrownCfounded Dachieved解析：选C句意：伊顿公学于1440年由亨利六世创建，是英国的一所私立男校。found“兴建，创建”，符合题意。develop“培养；发展”； grow“生长；种植”； achieve“实现目标、理想等”。2In developing countries people are _ into overcrowded cities in great numbers.Abreaking BfillingCpouring Dhurrying解析：选C句意：在发展中国家，人们大批涌入拥挤的城市。pour作不及物动词，意为“倾泻，流出，
29、涌出”；指人时，意为“蜂拥而入(出)”。break into“强行闯入”； fill“充满，装满”； hurry“赶紧，催促”。3They found the vase buried _ a pile of leaves.Aabove BbeyondCbeneath Dafter解析：选C句意：他们发现花瓶被埋在一堆树叶下面。be buried under/beneath“被埋在下面”，固定搭配。4Before the wedding party is held, why dont you let me _ your sittingroom?Adecorate BreflectCarrange
30、 Drebuild解析：选A句意：举行婚礼之前，为什么不让我装饰一下你的起居室呢？decorate“装饰，装潢”，符合句意。reflect“反射；反映”； arrange“组织，安排”； rebuild“重建”。5The enemy had _ the village when our men arrived.Afled BbentClinked Daided解析：选A句意：我们的人到达时，敌人已经逃离村子了。flee“逃离”，符合句意。bend“(使)弯曲”； link“联系”； aid“帮助”。6Tom could not walk forever due to an _ horse ri
31、ding accident.Aunequal BunpaidCunfortunate Dunfair解析：选C句意：由于在一次骑马事故中不幸受伤，汤姆永远丧失了行走的能力。unfortunate“不幸的”，符合题意。unequal“不平等的，不公正的”；unpaid“未付款的”； unfair“不公平的”。7Im afraid you will _ your bright future if you continue to be so casual on your work.Adestroy BharmCruin Ddamage解析：选Cdestroy指“摧毁(某物，如建筑物等)”，也可以指精
32、神上的“毁掉(信心、希望等)”，造成的则是彻底的毁坏；harm指“伤害，损害”，与injure有时可以通用，特指伤及一个人或其心智、健康、权利等； ruin指“使成为废墟，崩溃”，也可指“毁掉前程”； damage只是造成局部的破坏。8He _ and wept when he heard the news.Atook down Bput downCturned down Dbroke down解析：选D句意：听到这个消息，他再也支撑不住，哭了起来。break down“垮掉”，符合题意。take down“拿下，取下”； put down“放下”； turn down“拒绝，调低”。9Wit
33、h the development of tourism, many cultural _ are being damaged by the tourists.Afaults BremainsCscenes Dbranches解析：选B句意：随着旅游业的发展，很多文化遗迹正遭到游客的破坏。remains“遗迹；遗址”，符合句意。fault“过错；错误”； scene“场景；现场”； branch“分支；分部”。10Mr.Smith will have to stay in hospital for a good while.Dont worry.Henry will_ his duties.A
34、take up Btake overCtake in Dtake off 解析：选Btake up“占据，开始从事”； take over“接管，接任”； take in“接受，理解，欺骗”；take off“脱下，起飞”。故B项符合句意。11Jane, together with her parents, _ to the park every Sunday.Agoes Bwill goCgo Dhas gone解析：选A当together with连接两个并列名词作主语时，谓语在人称和数上通常和前面的主语保持一致；再根据时间状语“every Sunday”可知，选A。.选词填空1Decor
35、ated_with many paintings, the wall looks more beautiful.2Right after the Second World War, Germany was in_ruins.3It seems like they have taken_over this area from the Stolsnek males.4Thousands of people began pouring_into Pennsylvania from other states.5They had fled_to America, and were beyond the
36、grasp of their enemies.6After hiking for two hours, she dropped herself into a chair, completely breaking_down.1Many people were buried alive, and so was the city.很多人都被活埋了，整个城市也被掩埋。句中“so was the city” 是“so助动词主语” 的部分倒装结构，表示“前面提到的肯定情况也适用于主语”。I study in this school, and so does my brother.我在这所学校学习，我的弟弟
37、也是如此。He has read the book, and so_have_I.他看过这本书，我也看过。As the economy heated up, and so did car sales.由于经济回升， 汽车的销售量增加了。Alice is a student and works hard.So_it_is_with/It_is_the_same_with Tom.爱丽斯是个学生，并且学习努力。汤姆也如此。It was very cold yesterday.So it was.昨天很冷。的确如此。名师点津“neither/norbe/助动词/情态动词主语”表示“前面的否定情况也适
38、合另一个人或事”。You didnt see him, and neither/nor_did_I.你没有看见他， 我也没有。名师点津以上介绍的所有句型中，助动词通常要根据上文句子中的谓语动词进行确定，若上文中句子谓语动词为 be 动词，则用 be 动词的某种形式；若上文句子谓语含有情态动词，则用情态动词。2Today I saw the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago.今天我见到了罗马古城庞贝，它就跟两千年前一模一样。句中as引导方式状语从句，意为“正如，就像”，常和just, exactly连用。(1)as意为
39、“当时候，随着”，引导时间状语从句(2)as意为“由于，因为”，引导原因状语从句(3)as意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，句子常用倒装语序，即：adj./adv./v.原形/n.(其前无冠词)as主语谓语I want to become good friends with you as it was before!我想和你成为像从前那样好的朋友。Intelligence is quickness in seeing things as_they_are.智慧就是迅速看出事物本来面目的能力。When in Rome do as_the_Romans_do.入乡随俗。As production h
40、as developed, the living standard of the peasants has risen considerably.农民的生活水平随着生产的发展而大大提高。The ants, hardworking as_they_are,_have their time for play.蚂蚁， 虽然干起活来很勤奋，可是它们也有玩的时间。完成句子1在远处，可见到白色的群山。(倒装)In_the_distance_could_be_seen the white mountains.2玛丽会讲汉语，她的弟弟也会讲汉语。(so倒装句)Mary can speak Chinese, a
41、nd so_can_her_brother.3你必须像我这样拿工具。 (as方式状语从句)You must try to hold the tool as_I_do.串点成篇微表达现在到了我们采取措施保护环境和拯救地球的时候了(It is time that .)。众所周知，许多树木被砍倒(cut down)用做一次性筷子，只用一次便被扔掉了。森林被破坏(destroy)导致(result in)越来越多的土地沙漠化。如果我们继续(go on)砍伐树木，地球将来便不适合居住了。It_is_time_that_we_should_do_something_to_protect_the_envir
42、onment_and_save_the_earth.As_is_known_to_all,_a_lot_of_trees_are_cut_down_to_make_disposable_chopsticks,_which_are_used_only_once_and_then_thrown_away.Now_forests_being_destroyed_results_in_more_and_more_lands_becoming_desert.If_we_go_on_cutting_down_trees,_the_earth_will_be_unfit_to_live_on_in_the_
43、future.一、打牢语言基础，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1Its good to get back to civilization (文明) after living in a tent in the remote area for two weeks.2When was the new city founded (建立)?3Unfortunately (不幸的是), we arrived too late to catch the plane.4Blood was pouring (流出) from the wound.5They found the body buried beneath (
44、在下面) the sand.6The volcano Fuji in Japan hasnt erupted (喷发) for many years.7It would be a disaster (灾难) if I lost my job.8With its natural resources, it is potentially a very wealthy (富有的) country.9He graduated from a famous foreign language institute(研究所)10Building materials (材料) are more and more
45、expensive nowadays.单项填空1The thunder and lightning has stopped, but the rain continues to _.I dont know how to return home.Arush BpressCpour Dpush解析：选C句意：雷和闪电是停了，可倾盆大雨仍在下。我不知道怎么回家。pour“涌流，倾泻”，符合句意。rush“冲”； press“压”； push“推”。2Many children in African countries are very clever._， their parents cant sen
46、d them to school.AUnusually BUnkindlyCUnfortunately DUnnecessarily解析：选C句意：非洲国家的很多孩子非常聪明。不幸的是，他们的父母没有能力送他们去上学。unusually“不寻常地”； unkindly“不客气地”； unfortunately“不幸地”； unnecessarily“没必要地”。3My room gets very cold at night._.ASo is mine BSo mine isCSo does mine DSo mine does解析：选C表示后者的肯定情况与前者相同时，用倒装结构。根据倒装的原
47、则，助动词应该和前面句子中的助动词保持一致。故选C。4With a balanced development in economy, big cities will _ lose its appeal to graduates.Aspecially BrarelyCbriefly Dgradually解析：选D句意：随着经济的平衡发展，大城市将会逐渐失去对毕业生的吸引力。gradually“逐渐地”，符合句意。specially“特别地”； rarely“很少地”； briefly“简洁地”。5They were so concerned about the old building whic
48、h was _ that they were going to collect money to rebuild it.Ain ruins Bin colourCin common Din order解析：选A句意：他们很关心那栋受到严重损坏的古建筑物，并打算募捐重修。in ruins“严重受损；破败不堪”，符合题意。in colour“在颜色方面”； in common“共同的”；in order“按顺序”。6He sighed again and the failure in physics seemed to have completely _ his confidence.Ainjur
49、ed BdestroyedCshocked Dattacked解析：选B injure“伤害，损害”，多指在事故中受伤； destroy“破坏，毁坏”； shock“使震惊”； attack“攻击， 抨击”。故B项符合句意。7Tsinghua University, _ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.Afound BfoundingCfounded Dto be founded解析：选Cfound 与 Tsinghua University 之间存在被动关系，所以用其过去分词形式，表示被动意义。此处用 fou
50、nded, 相当于 which was founded。8The wedding is near, so Linda is occupied with the work of _ her new house now.Arepairing BmendingCdecorating Dselling解析：选C句意：婚期将近，琳达正忙于布置新房。repair/mend“修理，修补”； decorate“装饰，布置”； sell“卖”。故C项符合句意。9She told me that she had hidden the bottle _ her mattress.Abelow Bunder Cben
51、eath Dabove 解析：选C句意：她告诉我她把瓶子藏在她的垫子底下了。beneath表示两者接触且“在下方”，故选C项。10Although she has spared a lot of time for exercising, her health _ poor.Aproves BremainsCgraduates Dvalues解析：选B句意：虽然她已经留出很多时间来锻炼身体，但她的身体还是很虚弱。remain在此处用作系动词，意为“仍然，还是”，后接形容词poor作表语，表示状态。prove“证明”； graduate“毕业”； value“给估价”。11Hot _ the ni
52、ght air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.Aalthough BasCwhile Dhowever解析：选B句意：尽管夜间的空气很热，但我们睡得很沉，因为长途旅行之后，我们太累了。as引导让步状语从句时，从句用倒装语序，其结构为：名词/形容词/副词/动词as主语谓语动词。although与while也可以引导让步状语从句，但它们不能用倒装语序。12The teacher together with the students _ discussing Reading Skills th
53、at _ newly published in America.Aare; were Bis; wereCare; was Dis; was解析：选D句意：老师和他的学生们正在讨论在美国最新出版的阅读技巧。together with连接两个名词作主语，谓语动词依照前面的名词而定； that引导的定语从句修饰先行词Reading Skills，故从句的谓语动词用单数。二、勤练语篇阅读，多练自能生巧.完形填空In our life, the first step of the lead usually means the final win, so the success and failure
54、of your life may lie in whether you dare to _1_ yourself.As a student, I was most _2_ to answer questions in class.Whenever the professor asked a question, I always _3_ my head, for fear that the professor saw me.In a language class, an expert from the Commercial Bank _4_ a lecture.The speaker alway
55、s _5_ everyone to follow him, so he asked how many students in the classroom learned Economics, but no one _6_.The expert said with smile, “Let me tell you a story first.”“When I first came to the United States to _7_， there are often lectures given in the university._8_ the beginning of every lectu
56、re, I found a(n) _9_ phenomenon (现象)The students around me always took a cardboard folded (折叠) in half, wrote their _10_ with the most eyecatching color, and then _11_ it on the seat.So when the _12_ needed the students reaction, he could see and call the listeners name _13_.”I couldnt understand, s
57、o I asked the student in front of me.He told me with a smile：“The speakers are usually all topranking people, _14_ can probably bring you opportunities.When your answer is _15_ his satisfaction, it is very likely that he will give you more opportunities.This is very simple _16_.”“The fact was also l
58、ike that.I really saw a few of my classmates went to _17_ in the firstclass company because of the excellent insights (洞察力)This thing had a great _18_ on me.The chance will not _19_ you itself.You must show yourself to _20_ others attention for you to find a chance on the card.”语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要叙述了当学
59、生都不愿意主动发言的时候，老师给大家讲了美国学生的做法：美国学生在听讲座前都把名字写在一张硬纸板上并把它放在桌子上，以方便老师提问。从而说明机遇要靠自己把握。1A.showBbelieveChelp Denjoy解析：选A show oneself 意为“展示自己”，根据全文最后一句话中的“You must show yourself” 可知，每个人都应向他人“展示(show)”自己，给自己寻找机会。故选A。2A.eager BafraidCexcited Dinterested解析：选B根据后面一句话 “Whenever the professor asked a question .for
60、 fear that the professor saw me.” 可知，“我”“害怕(afraid)”在课堂上回答老师的问题。故选B。3A.raised BnoddedClowered Dshook解析：选C根据 “for fear that the professor saw me”可知，由于害怕老师提问时看到“我”，“我”把头“低了下去(lowered)”。故选C。4A.prepared BsuggestedCorganized Dgave解析：选Dgive a lecture 意为“作演讲”，根据第四段第一句中“there are often lectures given in the
61、 university”可知，D项符合语境。5A.persuaded BforcedCordered Dwanted解析：选Dpersuade 意为“说服”； force 意为“强迫”； order 意为“命令”； want 意为“想要”。根据语境可知，作报告的人“想要(want)”大家都听他演讲。故选D。6A.learned BrepliedCnoticed Dcared解析：选B句意为：作演讲的人问有多少人学过经济学，但没有人“回答(reply)”。reply 意为“回答”，符合语境。7A.study BspeakClive Dtravel解析：选A根据第五段第一句中“I asked th
62、e student in front of me”可知，演讲者是在讲述他当年在美国“学习(study)”的情况。故选A。8A.Before BSinceCAfter DUntil解析：选A句意为：每次演讲开始“之前(before)”，我发现一个有趣的现象。根据下文内容可知，后面几句话是在描述演讲开始前学生所做的一些事情。故选A。9A.meaningful BimportantCinteresting Dmysterious解析：选C根据语境可知，演讲者觉得周围同学们所做的事情很“有趣(interesting)”。故选C。10A.answers BnamesCages Dquestions解析：
63、选B根据第四段最后一句中的“name”可知，学生在纸板上写的应该是自己的“名字(name)”，以方便老师提问。故选B。11A.threw BcutCsaw Dput解析：选Dput 表示“放置”，符合语境，即他们把写好名字的纸板“放在(put)”自己位子上。故选D。12A.listener BspeakerCstudent Dexpert解析：选Bspeaker指“作演讲的人”，即学生把名字放在桌子上，以方便“演讲者(speaker)”提问。根据该句中“call the listeners name”可知，B项符合语境。故选B。13A.directly BcarefullyCeagerly D
64、seriously解析：选A句意为：演讲者可以看到学生的名字，然后“直接(directly)”提问他们。故选A。14A.which BitCwho Dthey解析：选C句意为：演讲者都是非常优秀的人，可以给你带来机会。who 引导定语从句，修饰 people; who 在从句中作主语。故选C。15A.against BforCto Dbeyond解析：选Cto ones satisfaction 为固定搭配，意为“令某人满意”。根据语境可知，当你回答令他满意时，他可能会给你更多机会。故选C。16A.chance BlessonCstory Dreason解析：选D句意为：这是很简单的“原因(r
65、eason)”。第五段解释了学生为什么要把名字写在纸板上。故选D。17A.serve BsurviveCemploy Djoin解析：选Aserve 与后面的 company 相搭配，即有一些具有良好洞察力的学生为一流的公司服务(即工作)。18A.impression BeffectCattraction Dstress解析：选Bhave an effect on sb.是固定搭配，意为“对某人有影响”。根据语境可知，这件事对“我”有很大的“影响(effect)”。故选B。19A.avoid BhelpCfind Dsupport解析：选C根据语境可知，我们应该自己去“寻找(find)”机会，
66、而不能坐等时机。20A.pay BbringCserve Dattract解析：选Dattract ones attention 意为“吸引某人的注意力”。句意为：你必须展示自己，“吸引(attract)”别人的注意力(就像那些美国学生把自己的名字写在纸板上)，为自己寻找机会。根据上下文内容可知，D项符合语境。.阅读理解130 meters above the Lhasa Valley, the Potala Palace rises a further 170 meters and is the greatest monumental structure in all of Tibet.In
67、 641, Songtsen Gambo, ruler of the Tubo Kingdom, had the Potala Palace built for Princess Wencheng of the Tang Dynasty, whom he was soon to marry.This building was later burned to the ground during a war and was rebuilt in the 17th century by the Fifth Dalai Lama.Repeated repairs and expansions (扩建)
68、 until 1645 finally brought the palace to its present scale.Over the past three centuries, the palace gradually became a place where the Dalai Lama lived and worked and a place for keeping the remains of successive Dalai Lama.The stoneandwoodstructured Potala Palace consists of the White Palace and
69、the Red Palace.The White Palace, including halls, temples and courtyards, serves as the living quarters of the Dalai Lama.The Red Palace includes various parts for worshipping Buddha (崇拜佛佗) and parts housing the eight stupas (佛骨塔，舍利塔) that contain the remains of the fifth to thirteenth Dalai Lama.Al
70、l the stupas are covered with gold foil (箔)The most magnificent stupa belongs to the fifth Dalai Lama.It is 14.85 meters tall and inlaid with pearl and jade (玉)The palace also collected a large number of sculptures, murals, scripture and other valuable cultural relics.In 1994, the palace joined the
71、list of world cultural heritage sites.语篇解读：本文介绍了布达拉宫的建造历史、结构和用途。1.Who had the Potala Palace built?APrincess Wencheng.BTubo Kingdom.CSongtsen Gambo. DThe Tang Dynasty.解析：选C细节理解题。由第一段的第二句话“In 641, Songtsen Gambo, ruler of the Tubo kingdom, had the Potala Palace built .”可知布达拉宫是松赞干布让人建造的。2Which of the f
72、ollowing is TRUE according to the passage?AThe Potala Palace was built only with stone.BThe White Palace is used for housing the remains of the Dalai Lama.CThe Red Palace is the part where the Dalai Lama lives.DThe Potala Palace is now one of the world cultural heritage sites.解析：选D推理判断题。由第二段中的“The s
73、toneandwoodstructured Potala Palace .”可知A项是错误的；由第二段的第二、三句可知B、C两项是错误的；由文章最后一句可知D项正确。3The main idea of the passage is _.Athe history and the structure of the Potala PalaceBthe size of the Potala PalaceCthe location of the Potala PalaceDhow the Potala Palace was built解析：选A主旨大意题。文章第一段讲述了布达拉宫的建造历史，第二段讲述了它的结构和用途。