1、疯狂专练一时态、语态及主谓一致单句填空+语法填空技巧点拨当句子缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时，要根据语境确定用哪种时态，根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用被动语态。具体解题技巧如下：第一步：确定句中是否缺谓语或并列谓语，如缺谓语动词，则填谓语动词。第二步：根据语境确定时态。第三步：观察主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系，以确定用主动语态还是被动语态，同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。第四步：要注意主谓一致。常考考点时态主动被动一般现在时do/doesam/is/are done现在完成时have/has donehave/has been done现在进行时a
2、m/is/are doingam/is/are being done一般过去时didwas/were done过去完成时had donehad been done过去进行时was/were doingwas/were being done一般将来时will dowill be done过去将来时would dowould be done小题狂练1.【2019全国I卷】Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _ (be) stable, one is increasing, an
3、d nine lack enough data.2.【2019全国I卷】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut _ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements3.【2019全国 II卷】I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _(make) over the years.4.【2019浙江卷】When every pupil in the school wears the unifo
4、rm, nobody _ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).5.【2019浙江卷】 One study in America found that students grades _ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.6. 【2018全国卷I I】Diets have changed in China and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country _（grow）more corn than rice.7. In US high
5、 school, everything (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations.8. As you go through this book, you _ (find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experience.9. Just as I got to the school gate, I realized I _ (leav
6、e) my book in the cafe.10. Shirley _ (write) a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.11. It was the second time that we _ (see) her.12. Either the beautiful sights of this modern city or its local custom_ (attract) thousands of visitors during the past years.13. At t
7、his time tomorrow we_ _ (fly) over the Atlantic Ocean.14. The father as well as his three children _ (go) skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.15. Engineers (set) up over 15,000 sensors (传感器) nationwide and wiring them into a web.16. The treatment continued and finally the de
8、ep, bloody pain _ (be) 100% healed.直击考题passage1体裁主题字数建议用时说明文极限运动175字8分钟【甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019-2020学年高二9月月考卷】The term “extreme sports”, which we might have seen on a magazine or a website, 1 (be) becoming more and more common as the concept of extreme sports gains 2 (popular). But what are extreme sports on
9、 earth?During the 1970s and 1980s, the term was used for sports with high risks 3 (involve). Today, however, the sports also include activities that give a feeling of adventure without 4 (necessary) putting a participants life in danger. For every extreme sport, there is professional equipment that
10、has been developed 5 (protect) your body, improve your performance and give you 6 advantage in the competition.Extreme sports cover a wide range. Some 7 (develop) from familiar activities so far, like mountain biking, climbing and drag race. Some may not be well known. For instance, bouldering is a
11、kind of rock climbing 8 no rope is used. 9 usually takes place in an area with large rocks or in climbing center.Nowadays, such sports have become more popular 10 young people all over the world than ever before.passage2体裁主题字数建议用时说明文巴黎圣母院失火事件186字8分钟【2018-2019学年河南信阳市高二期末考试卷】A great fire has destroyed
12、 the medieval cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris, one of Frances 1 (famous) landmarks. Thousands of people gathered in the streets around the cathedral, watching the flames in silence, some of 2 could be seen crying. Watching such a symbol of French culture burnt and its spire destroyed is extremely 3
13、 (shock) to any French person.No other site represents France like Notre-Dame, which 4 (receive) almost 13 million visitors each year, more than the Eiffel Tower. The Eiffel Tower, is a little more than a century old 5 Notre-Dame has stood tall above Paris 6 1200s. It has given its name to one of th
14、e countrys literal 7 (masterpiece). Victor Hugos The Hunchback of Notre-Dame is known 8 me French simply as Notre-Dame de ParisThe three large rose windows 9 (destroy) by the fire. 10 (fortunate), the main structure, including the two bell towers, has been saved. Also, the most valuable cultural rel
15、ics have survived the fire. The last time the cathedral suffered major damage was during the French Revolution. It survived two world wars largely in good condition.passage3体裁主题字数建议用时说明文回收打包垃圾157字8分钟【2019-2020年吉林省长春市普通高中高三上学期质量监测（一）】Since July 2019, Chinas online food-delivery platform Eleme_1_ (car
16、ry) out a new service of picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai.The service comes after_2_recently-released regulation on waste management in Shanghai. Individuals _3_throw away their garbage without being sorted out can be fined up to 200 yuan, while companies and _4_ (organize) can face fin
17、es up to 50,000 yuan.The trash takeaway service requires residents to sort _5_ (they) own garbage before it _6_ (pick) up by workers from Eleme, who will ensure the waste is disposed of in the correct garbage bins.Its obvious that this service is _7_ (convenience) to the old, especially to the disab
18、led customers. _8_, many netizens on Sina Weibo dont think Eleme is providing a wonderful service, saying it just wants _9_ (make) money. They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. Besides, many more people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing _10_the trash.答案与解析小题狂练1.【答案】
19、are【解析】考查主谓一致。根据three are declining，此处数词six作主语，代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”，故用复数谓语，一般现在时，故填are。2.【答案】have reported【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。3.【答案】have made【解析】考查动词时态。根据该定语从句中时间状语“over the years”可知，此处用现在完成时态，句意：我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。4.【答案
20、】will have/has【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。5.【答案】improved【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。6.【答案】has grown【解析】考查时态。根据“
21、since2011”可知用现在完成时。句意：2011年以来，中国种植的玉米比水稻多。故填has grown。7.【答案】is recorded【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：在美国高中，所有的东西都被记录下来并打分,包括小测试和期末考试的成绩。分析句子可知，主语everything 与谓语record为被动关系。且句子是陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。8.【答案】will find【解析】考查一般将来时态。句意：在你浏览这本书的时候，你就会发现经历过二战的百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历，其中as引导的是时间状语从句，主句表达的是将要发生的动作，故用一般将来时will+动词原
22、形。9.【答案】had left【解析】考查过去完成时态。句意：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在餐馆了。realized后省略了that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，落下的动作发生在意识到之前，应该用过去完成时。10.【答案】was writing【解析】考查过去进行时态。句意：雪莉去年在写一本关于中国的书，但我不知道她是否写完了。根据last year可知，此处是过去的时间，再根据句意可知，“不知道她是否写完了”，意味着“我看到雪莉时她正在写”，故此处用过去进行时。11.【答案】had seen【解析】考查过去完成时态。句意：这是我们第二次见到她。根据句式It was t
23、he second time that可知从句时态要用过去完成时。12.【答案】has attracted【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意：无论是这座现代化城市的美丽景色还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。由“during the past years”可知，这句话使用现在完成时。“eitheror”作主语时，谓语动词形式与or后主语保持一致，its local custom是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也应使用第三人称单数形式。13.【答案】will be flying【解析】考查将来进行时态。句意：明天这个时候我们正在飞越大西洋。本句考查将来进行时态，将来进行时
24、表示在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。根据其时间状语At this time tomorrow和句意可知，此处用will be flying。14.【答案】goes【解析】考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：冬天的每个星期天下午，父亲和他的三个孩子都要在结冰的河上滑冰。as well as连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词应与前边的主语保持人称和数的一致，即句子的主语是the father，应用单数；由every Sunday afternoon in winter可知应用一般现在时态。15.【答案】are setting【解析】考查现在进行时态。句意：工程师们正在全国范围内安装超过15,000个
25、传感器，并将它们连接到一个网络上。根据后面and并列的动词wiring及句意可知，这里用现在进行时。16.【答案】was【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：治疗继续进行，最后，疼痛完全治愈了。此处的主语是pain,是抽象名词，时间是过去，与谓语动词heal之间是被动关系，故用be的单数的过去式形式。直击考题passage1【答案】1is2popularity3involved4necessarily5to protect6an7have developed8where9It10among/with【解析】1.考查时态及主谓一致。句意：“极限运动”这个词，我们可能在杂志或网站上看到过，随着极限运动的概念
26、越来越流行，它变得越来越普遍。陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，且the term作主语，是第三人称单数，故填is。2.考查名词。gain popularity受到欢迎，获得青睐，故填popularity。3.考查过去分词。句意：在20世纪70年代和80年代，“极限运动”用于具有很高的风险的体育运动。这里考查了with的复合结构，名词high risks与involve之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填involved。4.考查副词。句意：极限运动还包括给人以冒险感的活动，不一定使参与者的生命处于危险之中。此处用副词形式修饰putting. in danger，故填necessarily。5.考查非
27、谓语动词。句意：为了保护你的身体，每一项极限运动都有专业的设备。to do不定式表示目的，故填to protect。6.考查冠词。句意：提高你的表现，使你在竞争中占优势。advantage名词，意为“优势”，give sb. an advantage给某人一个优势 ，故填an。7.考查动词时态。句意：一些极限运动从熟悉的活动发展过来，如山地自行车、攀岩和飙车。根据so far可知此处用现在完成时，故填have developed。8.考查定语从句关系词。句意：例如，抱石是一种不使用绳索的攀岩运动。本句是关系副词where引导的定语从句，先行词是rock climbing，从句的主语是no ro
28、pe，谓语是is used，缺少状语，故where作地点状语，故填where。9.考查代词。句意：它通常发生在岩石或攀岩中心的区域。it指代的是上文的bouldering，因在句首，故首字母大写，故填It。10.考查介词。句意：尤其是在年轻人之间。among在之间，一般指三者或三者以上，with表示在方面，这里是在年轻人中受欢迎，故填among/with。【点拨】在第7题中，注意出现了像so far这些典型词时可以帮助我们快速确定用完成时的时态，类似的词还有：recently，lately，till now，since+时间，for+一段时间等。passage2【答案】1. most famo
29、us2. whom3. shocking4. receives5. while6. since7. masterpieces8. to9. have been destroyed10. Fortunately【解析】1.考查形容词最高级。句意：一场大火摧毁了法国中世纪最著名的地标建筑之一巴黎圣母院。one of后的名词常用形容词最高级修饰，故填most famous。2.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：成千上万的人聚集在巴黎圣母院周围的街道上，默默地看着火焰，他们中的一些人在哭泣。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词Thousands of people，并在从句中作介词of的宾语，故填who
30、m。3.考查形容词。句意：看着这样一个法国文化的象征被烧毁，它的塔尖被摧毁，对任何一个法国人来说都是极其震惊的。此处缺少形容词作表语，表示“令人震惊的”，故填shocking。4.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：没有其他地方能像圣母院这样代表法国，它每年接待近1300万游客。陈述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时， which指代先行词Notre-Dame，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数，故填receives。5.考查连词。句意：埃菲尔铁塔有一个多世纪的历史，而巴黎圣母院自12世纪以来一直是巴黎的象征。根据句意可知此处是埃菲尔铁塔和圣母院的对比，故填while。6.考查连词。句意同上，since常与完成时连
31、用，表示“自从”，故填since。7.考查名词复数。句意：它以法国文学名著之一的名字命名。one of后接可数名词复数，故填masterpieces。8.考查固定搭配。句意：维克多雨果的钟楼怪人对我来说，我只知道它叫巴黎圣母院。be known to sb表示“为某人所熟知”，故填to。9.考查时态语态。句意：那三扇大玫瑰窗被大火烧毁了。此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，windows与destroy之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，故填have been destroyed。10.考查副词。句意：幸运的是，包括两座钟楼在内的主体建筑已经得救。修饰整个句子用副词，根据句意可知此处表示“
32、幸运的是”，故填Fortunately。【点拨】在填动词的时态语态题时需要注意，若文章没有明显的时间标志词，可以观察句子前后句的时态。比如第9题后面出现了has been saved，可以推知这里也要用现在完成时态。passage3【答案】1has carried2a3who/that4organizations5their6is picked7convenient8However9to make10with【解析】1考查动词时态。根据本句的时间状语Since July，2019，可知用现在完成时，故答案为has carried。2考查冠词。根据句意表示一项最新颁布的规章制度， regulation 是可数名词单数，可知答案为a。3考查关系代词。根据句意，先行词是Individuals指人，此处缺少定语从句的关系词，先行词在定语从句中做主语，可知答案为who/that。4考查名词。根据and前后并列关系，与companies并列，可知需要名词复数，因此答案为organizations。5考查代词。根据句意，该处代词和他所修饰的名词表所属关系，用形容词性物主代词。故答案为their。
