1、Unit 2Working the land阅读单词1.statistic n数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料2fertilizer n肥料；化肥3bacteria n. 细菌4.nutrition n营养；滋养；食物5mineral n. 矿物；矿石6underline vt. 画底线标出；强调7.circulate vt.&vi.循环；流传8occupation n工作；职业；占领9output n产量；输出10fertile adj.肥沃的；富饶的写作单词1.struggle vi.& n斗争；拼搏；努力2decade n. 十年；十年期3therefore adv. 因此；所以；因而4r
2、id vt. 摆脱；除去5export vt.& vi. 出口；输出6focus n. 焦点；中心点vt. 集中；聚集7reduce vt. 减少；减缩8comment n. 评论；议论vt.& vi. 表达意见；作出评论9expand vt.& vi. 使变大；伸展；扩大10battle n战役；战斗；较量；斗争 vt.& vi. 搏斗；奋斗语境活用1Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus (焦点)of attention/concern.2Every year，India exports(出口
3、)a lot of tea and cotton to many different countries.3Expanding(扩大)your knowledge by reading more books is a wise choice.4The reporter commented (作出评论)that the film Lost and Love was very moving.5The number of people suffering from heart disease will be greatly reduced(减少)if they are persuaded to ea
4、t more fruit and vegetables.拓展单词1.hunger n饥饿；欲望 vt.& vi.(使)饥饿hungry adj.饥饿的；渴望得到的2freedom n自由；自主free adj.自由的3production n生产；制造produce vt.生产producer n生产者；制片人4discovery n发现；发觉discover vt.发现；发觉discoverer n. 发现者5equip vt.& vi.配备；装备equipment n设备(不可数)6confuse vt.使迷惑；使为难confusing adj.令人迷惑的confused adj.感到迷惑
5、的7disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的disturbed adj.烦恼的；心神不安的disturb vt.弄乱；打扰8nationality n国籍nation n国家；民族national adj.民族的语境活用1She asked her mother why he did that，and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry(hunger)2You must carry the necessary equipment (equip) with you，since its all but impossi
6、ble to find natural substitutes.3The following programme contains scenes that may be disturbing (disturb)to some viewers.4For example，there are huge numbers of reference books which I am often confused (confuse) to choose from.5The discoverer(discover) of electricity was Franklin；like many discoveri
7、es，it benefits us greatly.第一组短语识记1.rid.of使摆脱或除去2be satisfied with 对感到满意3would rather 宁愿；宁可4build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发5be rich in 盛产语境活用1.We cannot really learn anything until we rid ourselves of being too proud.2To be mentally healthy，you need to build up good relationships with each other.3We asked all ou
8、r customers if they were satisfied with the service they had received.4This village is rich in apples，which makes it wellknown.第二组短语识记1.thanks to幸亏；由于；因为2lead to 导致；造成(后果)3focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于4keep.free from/of 使免受(影响、伤害等)5in addition 另外语境活用As we all know，too much work and too little rest often 1.l
9、ead to illness.To live a long and active life，we should build up good relationships with each other.2.In addition，we should use new energy to 3.keep our environment free from/of pollution.填写课本佳句1.If so，what did you do to grow them？(if引导的条件状语从句的省略)如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？2In 1973，he became the first agric
10、ultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.(the first/last.to do sth.第一个/最后一个做某事的人/物)1973年，他成为世界上第一个种植高产水稻的农业先驱。3He would much rather keep time for his hobbies.(would rather.宁愿)他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。1struggle vt.& nC斗争；拼搏；努力；挣扎 教材原句Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, stro
11、ng body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的确，他那被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身体，就跟其他千百万的中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。(1)struggle for 为而奋斗(2)struggle against与斗争；为反对而斗争(3)struggle with与斗争；与并肩作战(4)struggle to ones feet挣扎着站起来(5)struggle to do
12、sth. 努力做某事Bravely，Mary struggled to her feet(foot)，and fought against the wind and rain.He was seriously injured and made his way in the forest with a struggle.完成句子海伦凯勒19个月时变得又聋又瞎，但她从不放弃并努力过积极的生活。Helen Keller became deaf and blind when she was 19 months old，but she never gave up and struggled to lea
13、d an active life.2equip vt.& vi. 装备；配备 教材原句He therefore gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture.因此，他资助几百万元供其他人进行农业研究。(1)equip.with. 用装备be equipped with 装备着(2)equipment nU 装备；设备(2019江苏卷)This has led companies and individuals to donate money to developing countries to
14、buy computer equipment (equip) and internet facilities.The floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的) fire alarm systems.完成句子因为掌握了科学的农耕新方法，现在，他们可以使用更少的农田进行耕种。Equipped with new scientific farming methods, they have been able to use less farmland than in the past.(过去分词作状语)3regret v可惜
15、；后悔；遗憾；惋惜n.遗憾；抱歉 教材原句His father says that he has never regretted sending his son to study abroad.他的父亲说他从不后悔送他儿子到国外学习。We heard with regret that you were not successful in your plan.Much to my regret, I didnt help him when he was in trouble.完成句子事实上，约翰后悔没参加上周的讲座。In fact, John regretted not having atten
16、ded last weeks lecture.(regret doing)4focus vt.集中注意力；聚焦n.焦点；关注点 教材原句They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.他们关心的是保持土壤肥沃并免受病害。(1)focus.on/upon.把集中于(2)bring.into focus使成为焦点(3)in focus对准焦点；清晰(4)out of focus没对准焦点；不清晰With his attention focused (focus) on his homework, he forgot all abo
17、ut what I had told him.Consider carefully what you want to be in focus.His eyes were focused on the blackboard so that he didnt notice the flying birds outside.(用独立主格结构改写)His eyes focused on the blackboard，he didnt notice the flying birds outside.5lead to 导致；造成(后果)；通向 教材原句Many of these chemicals can
18、 lead to cancer or other illnesses.很多这类化学物质会引起癌症或其他疾病。(1)lead sb.to do.使某人做(2)lead sb.to.带某人去His carelessness led to his failure.With the boy lead the way，we had no difficulty in finding the destination.leadleading单句写作众所周知，条条大路通罗马。As we all know，all roads lead to Rome.lead to中的to是介词，后接名词、代词或动词ing形式。
19、表示导致的短语还有：result in, contribute to, bring about等。6rid vt.摆脱，除去The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth.After ten years of hard work，she eventually rid herself of debt.(1)rid.of.使摆脱/除去(2)get rid of 摆脱掉；除掉；处理掉(3)be rid of 摆脱7reduce vt.减少；减缩Though the price of the house has been redu
20、ced by 10%, we cant afford it either.Believe it or not, the rich man should be reduced to a beggar.reduce“减少”的近义词是decrease，反义词是increase，rise(增加)。这三个词与reduce用法一样，后可接to.表示增减的结果，接by.表示增减的幅度。1If_so， what did you do to grow them?如果是这样的话，你怎样来种植这些植物？本句为if引导的条件状语从句的省略。(1)if so 如果是这样的话(2)if not 如果不这样的话，如果没有(
21、3)if ever 如果有过/发生过的话(4)if any 如果可能的话，如果有的话(5)if possible 如果有可能(6)if necessary 如果有必要完成句子Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes.If possible (如果可能的话)，Im going to visit some old peoples homes in the city.同义句转换Some of you may have finished Unit One.If you have done so，you can go on
22、to Unit Two.Some of you may have finished Unit One.If so，you can go on to Unit Two.Wash it in water and pick up the small particles，if there are any.Wash it in water and pick out the small particles，if any.2He would much rather_keep time for his hobbies.他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。句中would rather (not) do sth.意为“
23、宁愿(不)做某事”(2)would rather从句(3)would rather have done本来想做而未实现I would rather he had turned (turn) up at that moment.She would rather you came (come) tomorrow than today.同义句改写I prefer to play football rather than play basketball.I would play football rather than play basketball.Id rather play football t
24、han play basketball.课文里的高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Famous scientist as he is，Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer.He grows what is called super hybrid rice.As a young man，Yuan Longping saw the great need for increasing the rice output.At that time，hunger was a disturbing (disturb)problem
25、in China.He wanted to increase rice harvests without expanding (expand)the area of the fields.In 1973，a special strain of rice made it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.Thanks to his research，the UN has more tools in the battle to rid the world of hunger (hungry)Using his h
26、ybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.He is now circulating his rice knowledge in less developed (develop)countries to increase(increase)their rice harvests and he wants to export his rice so that it can be grown around the globe.Though he has struggled(struggle)for the
27、past five decades，Yuan Longping is quite satisfied with his life.In his spare time，he enjoys listening to violin music，playing mahjong，swimming and reading.话题微写作请根据下面提示，对非洲的大体情况作简单评论。1现状：同干旱等自然灾害作斗争；缺少足够的设备；作物的产量减少。2措施：集中精力学习发达国家的先进技术；逐步增强食物供给。注意： 1.词数：80个左右； 2.尽量使用本单元的知识点； 3.可适当增加细节。范文I would like
28、to make simple comments on the situation of Africa.As you know，most of the people there struggle against natural disasters，like drought.Whats worse，to our regret，they lack enough equipment；as a result，the crop output is greatly reduced.Happily，they plan to focus on learning advanced technology from
29、developed countries，and build up the food supply.I believe all these measures will lead to much progress in their life.第17讲状语从句时间状语从句在复合句中作状语成分的从句称为状语从句。状语从句可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、让步、目的、结果、比较状语从句9种。状语从句通常在主句之前，一般要用逗号与主句隔开；如状语从句在主句之后，可以不用逗号与主句隔开。时间状语从句时间状语从句常用when，while(当的时候)，as，after，before，since，until，o
30、nce，as soon as，the minute/moment(一就)，hardly.when，no sooner.than(刚就)等引导。 1铃响时，这个人正在座位上等着。答案：When the bell rang，the person was waiting in his seat.2三个月过去了她才知道这件事。答案：Three months had gone by before she knew it.3她不停地走呀走呀，一直走到河的尽头。答案：She went on walking and walking until she came to the end of the river.
31、4当我在做家庭作业时，妈妈在做饭。答案：My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.5他匆忙地回家，边走边往后看。答案：He hurried home，looking behind as he went.6我从小时候就认识史密斯先生了。答案：I have known Mr.Smith since I was a child.7我一见你就认出你来了。答案：I recognized you the minute I saw you.8我第一次爬到墙上去时，感到很紧张。答案：The first time I climbed onto the
32、 wall，I felt nervous.9他一出去，电话就响了。答案：Hardly had he gone out when the telephone rang.10你做完工作才能离开。答案：You cannot leave until you finish the work. 基础巩固单句语法填空1A deep breath and a balanced mind will help rid you of the anxiety and nervousness.2What do you think of her speech last night?Just soso.She gave u
33、s too much information，so that everyone got confused(confuse)3Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh，yes.How I regretted not taking(take)his advice.4Your education will equip you to_earn(earn)a good living.Work hard from now on.5Occupying (occupy) herself with routine office tasks, she had no time to attend
34、 to her children.6The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being_caught (catch)7It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine.If so， wed better take it to the garage immediately.8My mother doesnt want to find a job and would rather stay (stay) at home and be a housewife.9The children
35、talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to_be_heard (hear)10With all his attention focused (focus) on his experiment, he has no time to spend with his family.能力提升.阅读理解When I was a boy there were no smartphones，and our television only got one channel clearly.Still，I never felt bored.T
36、he fields，hills and woodlands around my home were the perfect playgrounds whose adventures were only limited by my imagination.I can remember once hiking to a nearby lake and walking slowly around it.At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that I had never seen before.It was full of
37、muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides，but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.I walked on and on for what seemed like hours.I was sure my guardian angel was whispering in my ear“turn around and head back home”，but I was stubborn and walked on.There was still neither
38、a car nor a house in sight.I noticed that the sun was starting to go down and I grew scared.I didnt want to end up being trapped on this road，and I was worried that it would be dark before I could make my way back to the lake again.I continued walking on with something growing inside of me.My heart
39、was pounding and my legs were aching.I was almost in tears when I saw something in the distance.It was a house that I recognized.I jumped up and down and laughed out loud.It was still over a mile away，but my legs felt like feathers and I hurried back to my house in no time.I walked in with a big smi
40、le on my face just in time for dinner.Then I ended my adventure with a good nights sleep.I often thought of that experience recently.Actually，in our life，all roads，no matter how they twist and turn，can lead us home again.They can lead us to our homes here on the Earth.They can lead us to our homes i
41、n our hearts.May you always walk your path with love！May you always help your fellow travelers along the way！And may your roads always lead you home again!语篇导读本文通过作者小时候在自己家附近的一次探险经历，告诉人们一个道理：生活中所有的道路，无论有多曲折，都会引领我们回家。1Why did the author hardly feel bored when he was young?AHe could watch TV all day.B
42、He could have fun in nature.CHe had many friends to play with.DHe used to explore the old dirt road.解析：B细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“The fields，hills and woodlands around my home were the perfect playground whose adventures were only limited by my imagination.”可知，在作者小时候，他家周围的田野、山丘和小树林都是理想的玩耍场所，在那里只有想不到的，没有玩儿不到的。因
43、此，他可以从大自然中寻找快乐，所以从来不感到无聊。2What does the underlined word“something”in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?ADoubt.BHope.CFear. DCourage.解析：C词义猜测题。根据文章第三段第二、三句“My heart was pounding and my legs were aching.I was almost in tears when I saw something in the distance.”可知，作者内心渐渐地害怕起来。由此可推测，something 在此指“恐惧”，即fea
44、r。3How did the author feel when he was exploring the dirt road?AHe was contradictory in mind.BHe was unconscious of danger ahead.CHe was worried to be trapped in the woods.DHe was afraid of being scolded by his parents.解析：A推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“At the back of it I was amazed to find an old dirt road that
45、I had never seen before.It was full of muddy tyre tracks and deep woods bordered it on both sides，but exploring it still seemed like a fine adventure.”可知，探索这条泥土路似乎是一个很好的探险经历；再根据第二段可知，作者同时又感到害怕。所以作者走在这条路上时，心里是矛盾的。因为作者想去探险，又感到害怕，所以C项说法片面；文章中没有提及作者害怕被父母责备，故排除D项。4What may be the best title for the passa
46、ge?AEvery Effort Is WorthwhileBAll Roads Lead HomeCBe Determined in Your LifeDBe Brave to Explore解析：B标题归纳题。根据最后一段中的“Actually，in our life，all roads，no matter how they twist and turn，can lead us home again.”可知，本文的主旨是：生活中所有的道路，无论有多曲折，都会引领我们回家。.阅读填句Amy，a student in the USA，says that the best diet is to
47、reduce what you eat and do plenty of exercise.Get involved in extra activities and never eat after 9 pm.in case what you have eaten turns fat because your body system slows down in the evening and also while you sleep._1_ David is studying in the USA and he believes that it is a good idea to increas
48、e the fiber he eats._2_ Fresh is the best: beans and special fiber materials are excellent choices.In the UK，students believe that life as a student can be very difficult._3_ One student，Jennifer，believes that you should eat well，rest well，take vitamins to supplement your diet and you will stay heal
49、thy.But why are so many young people obsessed with diet and exercise? Mostly because they realize they are putting on weight and they know that obesity can lead to illnesses such as diabetes.Why do they put on weight? _4_ They get up late in the morning，dress quickly，eat quickly and then at lunch th
50、ey often eat fast food and drink soda，both of which are fattening.They then sit chatting to friends，go back to class and sit listening，and late in the afternoon they leave school，meet friends and sit and chat again.If you are like most kids，you might have the same experience.So，are you a student who
51、 is putting on weight? Which of the advice from other students do you think you will act on？_5_ So，think about your health and weight.They are both very important for your wellbeing and your marks at school.ABecause they lead an unhealthy lifestyle and eat the wrong foods.BA healthy body means both
52、a healthy mind and better marks at school.CThat means for one whole day they have eaten fattening foods without exercise.DThis is found in whole grains，fruit and vegetables which are common and daily foods.ETry to go for at least a 10minute walk after eating，or better still，go for a jog or a bicycle
53、 ride.FYou study hard，find yourself under stress and then spend a long time out with friends relaxing.GBecause students who dont exercise tend to put on weight sooner and see a drop in their test scores.语篇导读本文是一篇议论文。作为学生，怎样才能保持健康的饮食呢？本文给出了几种不同的观点。1E第一段首句讲的是要少吃多锻炼，空格前面讲了要控制饮食，所以空处应该与多锻炼有关。E项符合题意。2D第二
54、段第一句提到要多摄入纤维素，D项介绍了纤维素的来源，符合此处语境。3F空前说作为一名学生，生活是很苦的，空处应对该句进行具体说明。F项中的“study hard ”“under stress”等信息与空前的“very difficult”相呼应，故选F。4A空前问的是“他们为什么发胖”，空后提到了他们的一些不良作息和饮食习惯，故空处填A。5B空前讲到你将会践行哪条建议，空后则说健康和体重对你的幸福和学习成绩都很重要，故B符合此处语境。.语法填空For more than 100 years，American people have taken part in Labor Day celebra
55、tions.As this tradition continues this year，it is important to remember _1_ true reason for this holiday.Labor Day is a day to celebrate workers and the _2_ (contribute) they have made and continue to make，to our communities.In 1894，Labor Day _3_ (approve) as a legal national holiday by Congress aft
56、er many states had already established such a day of celebrations and speeches on the labor movement.This day was _4_ (original) established to bring attention to workers rights，and _5_ (be) a “workmans holiday”Today，the holiday has developed into both recognition to the labor movement throughout th
57、e years _6_ the achievements of workers _7_ (devote) their lives to work in our communities every day.We must remember _8_ employees fought for the rights to union representation to assure fair work hours，fair pay，and safe working conditions._9_ the same time，Labor Day is a day for the celebration a
58、nd appreciation of all American workers.As _10_ celebrate this Labor Day with food and fun，remember，this holiday has been，and will continue to be，a glory to the working men and women of our country and their history.语篇导读这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了美国的劳动节。1the考查冠词。下文讲述了美国劳动节的由来，因此这里特指美国劳动节由来的原因。2contributions考查名词和名
59、词的数。make contributions to是固定短语，表示“为做贡献”。3was approved考查动词的时态和语态。Labor Day与approve之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态；由时间状语“In 1894”可知，这里应用一般过去时。approve表示“批准”。4originally考查副词。修饰动词“established”要用副词，因此用originally。5to be考查动词不定式。本句中的and连接两个动词不定式，to bring和to be。6and考查连词。由前文中的“both”可知，此处应用and。7devoting考查现在分词。workers与devote是主谓关系，因此用现在分词作后置定语。8how考查连接词。分析句子的结构可知，remember后是一个宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故用how。9At考查介词。at the same time是固定短语，意为“同时”。10we考查代词。根据第二段第一句中的“We must remember”可知，这里应用we。