1、Art is a lie that makes us realize the truth.艺术是让我们意识到真理的谎言。Picasso 毕加索The test of a real comedian is whether you laugh at him before he opens his mouth.检验一个人是不是真正的喜剧家就在于你是否在他未开口时就笑。G.J.Nathan 内森Speech was given to man to express his thought.语言赋予人类是为了表达思想。Molire 莫里哀No man ever yet became great by im
2、itation.没有人能通过模仿别人而成名。Samuel Johnson 塞缪尔约翰逊The eye is the painter and the ear the singer.眼睛是画家，耳朵是歌唱家。Emerson爱默生Nature contains the elements，in colour and form，of all pictures，as the keyboard contains the notes of all music.But the artist is born to pick，and choose，and group with science，these eleme
3、nts，that the result may be beautifulas the musician gathers his notes，and forms his chords，until he brings forth from chaos glorious harmony.To say to the painter，that Nature is to be taken as she is；to say to the player，that he may sit on the piano.The dignity of the snowcapped mountain is lost in
4、distinctness，but the joy of the tourist is to recognize the traveller on the top.The desire to see，for the sake of seeing，is，with the mass，alone the one to be gratified，hence the delight in detail.Beijing Opera or Peking Opera is a form of Chinese opera which arose in the late 18th century and becam
5、e fully developed and recognized by the mid19th century.The form was extremely popular in the Qing Dynasty court and has come to be regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.Beijing Opera features four main types of performers.Performing troupes often have several of each variety，as well as
6、 numerous secondary and tertiary performers.With their elaborate (认真的)and colorful costumes，performers are the only focal points on Beijing Operas characteristically small stage.They make use of the skills of speech，song，dance，and combat in movements that are symbolic and suggestive，rather than real
7、istic.Above all else，the skill of performers is evaluated according to the beauty of their movements.Performers also hold a variety of stylistic conventions that help audiences navigate the plot of the production.The layers of meaning within each movement must be expressed in time with music.The mus
8、ic of Beijing Opera can be divided into the Xipi and Erhuang styles.Melodies include arias (唱腔)，fixedtune melodies，and percussion patterns.The repertoire of Beijing Opera includes over 1，400 works，which are based on Chinese history，folklore，and increasingly，contemporary life.探索发现1How long has Beijin
9、g Opera become a popular art form?About one and a half centuries.2How many types of performers in Beijing Opera at present?Four.Section Topic Talk & Lesson 1.匹配词义A.单词匹配()1.exhibitionAn.气氛；氛围()ponent Bn.视力的，视觉的()3.atmosphere Cn.展出(会)，展览()4.figure Dn.组成部分()5.visual En.人像，人形；数字答案15CDAEBB.短语匹配()1.be con
10、sidered as A关于；至于()2.let out B发出()3.a series of C被认为是()4.as for D高速地()5.at high speed E一系列答案15CBEAD.默写单词1performance n. 表演；演出2classical adj. (音乐)古典的；传统的3stage n. 舞台；讲台；阶段4masterpiece n. 杰作；代表作5massive adj. 巨大的6affect vt. 影响7spot n. (圆)点；斑点；污渍8striking adj. 惊人的；显著的9scene n. 景色10reaction n. 反应.语境填词fig
11、ure；exhibition；sight；masterpiece；atmosphere；visual；affect；striking；scream；component1We try and provide a very homely atmosphere2More than seven million people have been affected by drought.3This is an important progress on the visual question of the computer.4You have to admit the models below are a
12、 real masterpiece5My body figure is not perfect but in average and my appearance is OK.6You may be out of my sight，but never out of my mind.7She screamed when she bumped into me in the dark.8Her high nose is her most striking feature.9My girlfriend and I will go to the exhibition this Sunday.10If ye
13、s，you can use the components presented in this article.语法填空之派生词1The audience was fascinated by their superb performances (perform).2If its a legal matter you need to seek professional (profession)advice.3You are very talented(talent)and we admire your passion for art.4The murderer was apparently men
14、tally(mental)disturbed.5I just felt I had been a failure(fail)in my personal life.6These programmes are each watched by around 19 million viewers(view)every week.7Mark was dragged from the burning(burn)wreckage of his car.8I tried shaking him but there was no reaction(react).1Van Gogh painted what h
15、e saw from his windowthe night sky with clouds，stars and a moon.凡高画了他从窗子看到的东西有云、星星、月亮的夜空。2His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Goghs mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.他对色彩的不寻常的运用使专家们认为凡高的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。3What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure wit
16、h an expression of fearthe figures mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream.这幅画最显著的特征是，它展示了一个带有恐惧表情的瘦弱的人物形象这个人张大嘴巴，发出有力的呐喊。4It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the darkness of night.它展示了一个美丽的房子，里面有灯光，周围是黑夜。5As for Magritte himself，he thought that the change
17、 between day and night in the paintings was surprising.至于马格里特本人，他认为画中昼夜的变化令人惊讶。名师圈点Vincent van Gogh文森特凡高(1853年3月30日1890年7月29日)，荷兰后印象派画家。代表作有星空、自画像系列、向日葵系列等。mentally adv.精神上；心理上massive adj.巨大的hang v悬挂；吊；垂下beneath prep.在(正)下方sleeping village沉睡的村庄affect vt.影响sight n视力，视觉drug n药物，药材spot n(圆)点；斑点；污渍uniqu
18、e adj.独特的；独一无二的failure n失败的事；失败striking adj.惊人的；显著的figure n人物，人形；数字expression n表情let out a scream发出尖叫声stormy adj.暴风雨的burning adj.燃烧着的orangered橘红色as red as blood像血一样红a series of一系列Ren Magritte勒内马格利特，比利时超现实主义画家。他对波普艺术的影响十分重大。作品有戴圆顶硬礼帽的男子、夜的意味袭击白纸委任状等。scene n景色mysterious adj.神秘的；难以解释的visual adj.视觉的，视力的
19、challenge vt.激发，激励；质疑；挑战reaction n反应poetry n诗歌；诗集原文呈现MASTERPIECESThe Starry Night was painted in June 1889 when Vincent van Gogh was staying at a home for the mentally ill.Van Gogh painted what he saw from his windowthe night sky with clouds，stars and a moon.1 However，he didnt just paint the clouds.
20、He also painted the massive circles of white and yellow racing across the sky.The stars and the moon hang bright in the night sky.Beneath this amazing sky，we see a sleeping village and a dark，lonely tree.1what引导宾语从句，作painted的宾语；what在从句中作saw的宾语。His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that
21、Van Goghs mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots，just like the stars in The Starry Night.Unfortunately，Van Goghs unique paintings werent very popular and he only sold one painting in his lifetime.He also thought The Starry Night
22、was a failure.However，the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one of the worlds most famous paintings.22that引导表语从句。The Scream was painted by Edvard Munch in 1893.What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fearthe figures mouth is wide open and letting out a pow
23、erful scream.The figure covers his or her ears and looks directly at the viewer.This figure is set on a bridge above a dark，stormy sea，and against a burning orangered sky.In his diary，Munch talked about what inspired him.“I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set；suddenly the sky
24、 turned as red as blood.I stood there shaking.Then I heard the scream of nature.”Many experts say that The Scream is connected to Munchs mental health problems，which caused him a lot of pain.The Empire of Light is a series of paintings by Belgian artist Ren Magritte.Between 1953 and 1954，he painted
25、the same scene 27 times.It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the darkness of night.What is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.3 It seems like quite a mysterious scene.3what引导主语从句；that引导表语从句。Magritte
26、 was a painter inspired by his thoughts and ideas.His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with reality.His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality.The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers.Some feel that the paintings lo
27、ok dark and troubling.Others，however，find them calming.As for Magritte himself，he thought that the change between day and night in the paintings was surprising.“I call this power poetry，”he said.译文参考杰作星月夜是1889年6月文森特凡高住在精神病医院时创作的。凡高画了他从窗子看到的东西有云、星星、月亮的夜空。但他不仅画了云，还画了白色和黄色的巨大圆圈在天空中飞驰。星星和月亮明亮地挂在夜空中。在这神奇
28、的天空下，我们看到一个沉睡的村庄和一棵黑暗、孤独的树。他对色彩的不寻常的运用使专家们认为凡高的精神疾病可能影响了他的视觉。他还服用了一种能让人看到黄色斑点的药物，就像星空中的星星一样。不幸的是，凡高的独特画作并不很受欢迎，他一生只卖出过一幅画。他还认为星空是一幅失败之作。然而，事实上星空现在是世界上最著名的绘画之一。呐喊是爱德华蒙克于1893年创作的。这幅画最显著的特征是，它展示了一个带有恐惧表情的瘦弱的人物形象这个人张大嘴巴，发出有力的呐喊。这个人物捂住耳朵，直视观众。这个人站在一座桥上，下面是黑暗的、波涛汹涌的大海，背后是火一样橘红色的天空。蒙克在他的日记中谈到了灵感的来源，“太阳落山时，
29、我和两个朋友一起走在路上；天空突然变得像血一样红我站在那里颤抖。然后我听到了大自然的尖叫。”许多专家说呐喊与蒙克的精神健康问题有关，这给他带来了很大的痛苦。光明帝国是比利时艺术家勒内马格利特的一系列画作。从1953年到1954年，他画了27次同样的场景。它展示了一个美丽的房子，里面有灯光，周围是黑夜。奇怪的是，在房子和树的上方，我们看到的是亮如白昼的天空和柔软的白云。这似乎是一个相当神秘的场景。马格利特是一位受到思想和观念启发的画家。当他试图玩弄现实时，他的画是视觉实验。他认为艺术应该震撼观众，挑战他们对现实的认知。光明帝国在观众中产生了不同的反应。有些人觉得这些画看起来黑暗而令人不安。然而，
30、其他人却发现他们很平静。至于马格利特本人，他认为画中昼夜的变化令人惊讶。“我称这种力量为诗歌。”他说。速读P89教材课文，完成下列任务.阅读判断判断下列句子提供的信息是正确、错误，还是没有提及。1Van Gogh painted The Starry Night at his own home.ARight.BWrong.CNot mentioned.2Some experts think that Van Goghs mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.ARight. BWrong. CNot mentioned.3The
31、Scream shows a fat figure with an expression of fear.ARight. BWrong. CNot mentioned.4The Empire of Light is not only a painting.ARight. BWrong. CNot mentioned.5Viewers all admire The Empire of Light painted by Magritte.ARight. BWrong. CNot mentioned.答案15BABAB.补全信息选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息。Athat it sho
32、ws a thin figure with an expression of fearBWhat is strangeCwhich caused him a lot of painDthat can make people see yellow spotsEwhat he saw from his window1Van Gogh painted_the night sky with clouds，stars and a moon.2Van Gogh also took a drug _，just like the stars in The Starry Night.3What makes Th
33、e Scream striking is _4The Scream is connected to Munchs mental health problems，_5_ is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.答案15EDACB.表格填空The Starry NightVan Gogh painted it when he was staying at a home for the 1. mentally ill.He painted wh
34、at he saw from his 2.windowHe didnt just paint the clouds，but also circles of white and yellow racing across the sky.Some experts think it was Van Goghs mental illness that affected his sense of 3.sightThe ScreamThe Scream，painted by Edvard Munch，shows a thin 4.figure with an expression of fear.The
35、figure is set on a 5. bridgeIn his diary，he talked about what inspired him.The Empire of LightThe Empire of Light is 6. a series of paintings.It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside，surrounded by the 7. darkness of night.What is strange is that we can see a daytime sky full of 8.brightn
36、ess and soft white clouds in the paintings.Magrittes view was that art should shock 9.the viewers and challenge their sense of 10.reality细读P89教材课文，完成下列任务.主旨匹配1Paras.13 AThe Empire of Light2Paras.46 BThe Starry Night3Paras.79 CThe Scream答案13BCA.单项选择1According to the passage，which is not included in T
37、he Starry Night?AThe window.BLonely tree.CA sleeping village. DThe moon.2Why there are yellow spots in The Starry Night?ABecause Van Gogh had mental illness.BBecause Van Gogh used colour unusually.CBecause Van Gogh took a drug.DBecause there was a moon in the sky.3What did Edvard Munch want to show
38、in The Scream?ABlood. BAn expression of fear.CViewer. DMental problems.4According to the passage，which one is NOT true?A.The Starry Night is the earliest among the paintings mentioned in the passage.B.Magritte thought his painting was surprising.C.The Empire of Light is an important painting.D.Magri
39、tte wanted to shock the viewers by his paintings.答案14ACBC.读后续写/概要写作微技能A找出文中含有描述景色的语句。1Beneath this amazing_sky，we see a sleeping_village and a dark，lonely tree.2This figure is set on a bridge above a dark，stormy sea，and against a burning orangered sky.3It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from i
40、nside，surrounded by the darkness of night.B判断下列语句中哪个不是描述景色的语句。1What is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.2His paintings were visual experiments as he tried to play with reality.3He also took a drug that can make people see yell
41、ow spots，just like the stars in The Starry Night.答案2；31perform vt.& vi.履行；执行；演出；表演；工作，运转performer n表演者；演奏者；演员performance n表演；演出2talent n才能；天才；天资；天赋talented adj.有才能的；有天资的3mental adj.精神的；精神状态的mentally adv.精神上；心理上4fail vi.失败；未能做；不及格failure n失败的事；失败5react vi.反应；回应reaction n反应figure n数字；身材；人物；图画 vt.计划；打算
42、；估计These figures indicate why the Negroes live in such deep poverty.数字She had an excellent figure and walked with an air.身材Mclean has become a figure known to everyone so far.人物 Words and Phrasesperformance n表演；演出；表现(教材P6)band/dance performances乐队/舞蹈演出例1That study looked at the performances of 18 su
43、rgeons.那项研究调查了18名外科医生的工作表现。例2The Festival of Asian Arts & Music will include two days of live performances.亚洲艺术音乐节将安排两天的现场表演。造句绝不容许个人问题影响你的表现。You never allow personal problems to affect your performance.知识拓展(1)give/put on a performance演出(2)perform v. 表演；执行perform ones promise 履行诺言perform an operatio
44、n/a play/an experiment进行手术/演一场戏/做实验(3)performer n. 表演者即学即练单句语法填空The teacher was very pleased with the performance(perform)of the children.Alex and Andy performed(perform)skillfully and they won the first prize.She was the only performer(perform)and I was the only audience.talented adj.有才能的；有天资的(教材P6
45、)They are all very talented.他们都非常有才能。例1People wanted to know who this talented designer was.人们想知道这位天才设计师是谁。例2Talented as he is，he is not yet ready to turn professional.他有天分，但他还没把心用到专业上去。造句你是很有天赋的女孩，我一直以来都以你为荣。You are such a talented girl and I have always been proud of you.知识拓展(1)talent n.天才；天赋(2)gi
46、fted adj. 有天赋的；天才的be gifted/talented inhave a gift/talent for对有天赋；有天赋即学即练单句语法填空As a youth he had been discovered a talented(talent)teacher.My father has a gift for playing the piano，which has a great influence on us.spot n(圆)点；斑点；污渍；地点，现场vt.发现；认出(教材P8)He also took a drug that can make people see yel
47、low spots，just like the stars in The Starry Night.他还服用了一种能让人看到黄色斑点的药物，这种黄色斑点就像星空中的星星一样。例1She was wearing a black skirt with white spots.她穿着一条黑底白点的裙子。例2His jacket was covered with spots of mud.他的上衣满是泥点。造句他们在岛上最著名的几处旅游景点作了停留。They stayed at several of the islands top tourist spots.知识拓展(1)spot sb.(doing
48、 sth.)发现某人(在做某事)be spotted with 散步；点缀(2)on the spot 当场；在现场即学即练单句语法填空The desks in the classroom were all spotted with ink.The police spotted him driving(drive)a stolen car.This will put him on the spot and will not do anything to improve your chances.figure n人物；名人；数字；身材；虚拟形象v.估计；理解；认为；(以重要地位)出现；打算(教材
49、P9)What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear.这幅画最显著的特征是，它展示了一个带有恐惧表情的瘦弱的人物形象例1Experts put the real figure at closer to 75%.专家们估计真实的数字较接近于75%。例2I figured (that)if I took the night train，I could be in Scotland by morning.我认为，如果我坐晚上那班火车，早上就可以到苏格兰。造句大多数人都熟悉京剧中的这一人物
50、。Most people are familiar with this figure from Beijing Opera.知识拓展(1)figure out弄明白；计算出figure on 指望；估计到figure sth.in 将某物包括/计算在内(2)keep ones figure 保持身材即学即练单句语法填空I hadnt figured on getting home so late.Who figures out what he is thinking about?let out放出；发出(叫喊等)；放宽，放大(衣服等)；泄露(教材P9).the figures mouth is
51、 wide open and letting out a powerful scream.这个人张大嘴巴，发出有力的呐喊。例1When she saw him，she let out a cry of horror.她看见他时吓得大叫一声。例2Jenny was careless to let out the secret.珍妮不小心泄露了秘密。造句我准备让人把这条裙子加大。Im going to have this skirt let out.知识拓展let down使失望let alone 更不用说，更别提let in 让进来，放进即学即练单句语法填空Open the window and
52、 let some fresh air inWe dont know their names；let alone make a phone call to them.I dont want to let parents downscene n景色；场景；(戏剧)一场；现场；事发地点(教材P9)Between 1953 and 1954，he painted the same scene 27 times.从1953年到1954年，他画了27次同样的场景。例1The scene was astonishing to me，to every one standing by.这情景使我和每一位旁观者
53、都很惊诧。例2Mary was only in one scene of the play，but she stole the show from the stars.玛丽只演了一幕戏，但她抢尽了其他演员的镜头。造句警方赶到了凶杀现场。The police arrived at the scene of the murder.知识拓展on the scene在现场；当场behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中appear/come on the scene 当场；登场即学即练单句语法填空A reporter on the scene covered the event.The lead
54、ing player is ill.Let his understudy appear on the scene.challenge n挑战v.挑战；激发，激励；质疑(教材P9)His view was that art should shock the viewers and challenge their sense of reality.他认为艺术应该震撼观众，挑战他们对现实的认知。例1Schools must meet the challenge of new technology.学校必须迎接新技术的挑战。例2She does not like anyone challenging
55、her authority.她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威。造句我喜欢挑战别人拒绝做的工作。I like the challenge of doing jobs that others turn down.知识拓展(1)challenge sb.to sth.向某人挑战某事challenge sb.to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事beyond challenge 无与伦比，无可非议face/meet the challenge of.面对/迎接的挑战(2)challenging adj. 有挑战性的即学即练单句语法填空Were going to challenge them to anoth
56、er football match.He challenged me to show(show)my proof.Id like to find a job which is more challenging(challenge).reaction n反应(教材P9)The Empire of Light has produced different reactions in viewers.光明帝国在观众中产生了不同的反应。例1The decision provoked an angry reaction from local residents.这个决定引起了当地居民的愤怒抗议。例2Thi
57、s is the reaction of power of the sun.这是太阳能量的反应。造句他有点害怕父亲的反应。He was a little bit afraid of his fathers reaction.知识拓展react vi.起反应，回应react on (upon). 对起作用，对有影响react against 反抗，反对react to. 对作出反应react with. 与起反应即学即练单句语法填空Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wish.Iron react
58、s with water and air to produce rust.How did he react to your suggestion? Sentence Patternsnot.but.句型(教材P7)Art is not what you see，but what you make others see.艺术不是你看到什么，而是你让其他人看到什么。句式分析句中的not.but.表示“不是，而是”，连接并列的表语。例1The meal is not for one，but for all to enjoy.这顿饭不是为一个人所做，而是供所有人享用。例2You should pay
59、attention not to what they say but what they do.你不应该注重他们说什么，而应该注重他们做什么。造句他不是丑，而是有点奇怪。He is not ugly，but a bit strange.知识拓展not.but.可以连接并列的主语、宾语或表语；连接并列主语时，谓语的使用适用于就近原则。即学即练单句语法填空She wants to buy not a skirt，but a dress.Not you but your father is (be)to blame.现在分词作伴随状语(教材P9)I stood there shaking我站在那里颤
60、抖。句式分析例1The dog entered the room，following the boy.这条狗跟着男孩进了屋。 例2Please make a sentence using this word.请用这个词造个句子。造句六个盲人站在那讨饭。Six blind men stood there begging for a meal.知识拓展(1)分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。(2)分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句中主语相一致。当现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前时，则用现在分词的完成式；当所表示的动作与谓语的动作同时发生，则用现在分词的一般式
61、。即学即练单句语法填空Walking(walk)or sleeping，this subject was always in my mind.Hearing(hear)the news，they all jumped with joy.Having eaten(eat)his dinner，the boy rushed out.What is strange is that above the house and the tree，we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.分析What is strange是wh
62、at引导的主语从句，what在从句中作主语；that引导表语从句。翻译奇怪的是，在房子和树的上方，我们看到的是亮如白昼的天空和柔软的白云。教材高考1.What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear.(2019江苏卷)Naomi managed to figure out 16 of Steves favorite，and most personal，songs.2.Between 1953 and 1954，he painted the same scene 27 times.(2
63、019浙江卷)They became the hottest thing on the pop music scene in England.单句语法填空1Walking(walk)slowly across the grass，he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.2Not you but I am(be)responsible for it.3I never know him，let alone his family.4I wish you and your lovers all the best in the challenging(chall
64、enge)future.5What was his reaction to your suggestion?6We feel honored to be on the scene while all this is happening.7All people like to be success but afraid of failure(fail).8A soldier then spotted him trying(try)to escape and shot him dead.9We must figure out how to solve the problem.10She is ve
65、ry creative (create)she writes poetry and articles.短语填空on the spot；figure out；let out；react to；be talented in；a series of1It is not because I am talented in singing nor I am deserved.2Two of the robbers were killed on the spot3There is a series of science and technology on the desk.4I figured out th
66、is problem without any effort.5The man let out a cry and jumped back several paces.6The president reacted to the comments on a television talk show.课文语法填空In June 1889，Vincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night at a home for the 1.mentally (mental)ill，which shows the night sky 2.with circles of white
67、and yellow.Some experts think Van Goghs mental illness may have an effect 3.on his sense of sight.Nowadays，the painting is one of the worlds most famous 4.paintings(painting).Edvard painted The Scream in 1893.It is 5.striking(strike)that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear，6.whose mout
68、h is letting out a 7.powerful(power)scream.The Empire of Light was painted by Ren Magritte between 1953 and 1954，who was a painter 8.inspired(inspire)by his thoughts and ideas.The painting shows a beautiful house lit by lights，surrounded by the darkness of night.Different people show different 9.rea
69、ctions(react)to the paintings.Some think they look dark and 10.troubling(trouble)but others find them calming.名词性从句观察例句1What he wants to tell us is not clear.2It is known to us how he became a writer.3He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.4This is where our problem lies.归纳用法一、名词性从句的引导词
70、连接词：that、 if、 whether连接代词：who、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever、how much、how many连接副词： when、where、why、how、how long、how soon、how often二、主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作
71、用，在从句中充当从句的成分。What we need is more time.我们所需要的是更多的时间。Who will win the match is still unknown.谁将赢得这场比赛还不得而知。有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下：(1)It be 名词 that从句(2)It be 形容词 that从句(3)It be 动词的过去分词 that从句(4)It 不及物动词 that 从句即学即练1单句语法填空The father and son got lost in
72、the mountain and they had to eat whatever food they could find there.It doesnt matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store.三、宾语从句名词性从句中作句子宾语成分的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句、表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。1由连接词that引导的宾语从句当连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但从句是并列句时，第二个分句前的t
73、hat不可省。He said (that)the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart.他说这篇课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。名师点津在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist，desire，request，command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后，宾语从句常用“(should)动词原形”。I insist that she (should)do her work alone.我坚持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops (s
74、hould)set off at once.司令员命令部队马上出发。2who，whom，which，whose，what，when，where，why，how，whoever，whatever，whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。I want to know what he has told you.我想知道他告诉了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work well.她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。3whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主语和谓语的顺序不能颠倒，仍保持陈述句语序。此外，whether与if
75、 在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不能用if：引导主语从句并在句首时；引导表语从句时；引导从句作介词宾语时；从句后有“or not”时；后接动词不定式时。Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。The trouble is whether he can come on time.问题是他是否能按时来。Everything depends on whether we have enough money.一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。I wonder whet
76、her he will come or not.我想知道他来还是不来。4在think，believe，imagine，suppose等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中，要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。We dont think you are here.我们认为你不在这儿。I dont believe he will do so.我相信他不会这样做。即学即练2单句语法填空I asked him what his father had done so that he became such a good person.Our teacher always tell us
77、 to believe in what we do and who we are if we want to succeed.四、表语从句在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样，表语从句位于连系动词后，有时用as if引导。其基本结构为：主语 系动词 that从句。The fact is that we have lost the game.事实是我们已经输了这场比赛。Thats just what I want.那正是我想要的。名师点津当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because。The reason why he was l
78、ate was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.他迟到的原因是今天早上晩了一分钟没赶上火车。即学即练3完成句子这就是我们认为更容易放弃的地方。This is where we usually think its easier to just give up. 对用户来说最重要的是产品达到了预期的效果。The most important result for the user is that the product does what is intended.单句语法填空1That the storm will conti
79、nue makes the public worried.2Who will be in charge of the company remains a mystery.3What makes the book so special is the name of the writer.4He was late for work today.That was because his car broke down on the way.5That is why he loved her more than us.6Im not sure who is more frightened，me or t
80、he female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.7The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.8I think what impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.9Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“Thats where I was born.”10It is still under d
81、iscussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.短文语法填空There was an accident on the corner of the street this morning.No witness saw 1.what on earth happened then.A car crashed into a truck but luckily no one got 2.injured(injure).3.Who will be responsible for the
82、accident is still under 4.investigation(investigate).The police are uncertain about the cause that led to the accident.The truck driver looked as if he was 5.guilty(guilt).He was too nervous to say a word.6.What the police would do is to figure out the truth.They said it was difficult for them to judge 7.who should be to blame.8.How this happened was still not clear.It was certain 9.that the car driver was too tired to stop the car.The car driver didnt admit the fact that he was over speeding at the crossroads.The police doubted 10.whether what he said was true.