1、2011高一英语教案：Unit 1 Friendship 直接引语变为间接引语(新人教版必修一)语法点拨：直接引语变为间接引语的方法直接引语就是直接引用别人的话，并把它放在引号内；间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话，不加引号。直接引语变成间接引语时，间接引语通常以宾语从句的形式出现。直接引语变成间接引语时还要注意人称的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化、时间状语的变化及地点状语的变化。1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法如果直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词that引导（在口语中that常省略）。主句中如果有say to somebody （对某人说），通常变为tell somebo
2、dy （告诉某人）。He said, “I get on well with people here.”He said that he got on well with people there.Susan said, “We can finish the work tomorrow.”Susan said that they could finish the work the next day. John said to me, “I told her all about it three days ago.” John told me that he had told her all ab
3、out it three days before. 【提醒注意】如果直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，变为间接引语时，第一个宾语从句前的that有时可省略，但第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。He said, “I like swimming and I want to go swimming with you.”He said (that) he liked swimming and that he wanted to go swimming with us. 2. 直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether 或if 引导，同时把原来的
4、疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked，没有间接宾语时，还可根据具体情况加一个间接宾语，如me, us, him等。The teacher said, “Will you be back today?”The teacher asked (him) if (whether) he would be back that day. He asked, “Has the bell rung?”He asked if / whether the bell had rung.“Shall (Should) I tell her your telephone number
5、?” he asked me. （表示询问、征求意见）He wanted to know if （whether） he should tell her my telephone number. 【提醒注意】 “Would you like to.?”和“Would you please.?” 表示的是请求，变为间接引语时，常用动词不定式形式。“Would you like to help me with my lessons?” she asked me. She asked me to help her with her lessons. 3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法直接引
6、语如果是特殊疑问句（即what, which, who, whom, whose, how, why, when, where, how many, how long等引导的疑问句），变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导，但要把原来的疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。He asked, “Who can carry the box?” He asked who could carry the box. (who作主语，语序不变)He asked, “Who is the man near the window?”He asked who the man near the window was. （wh
7、o作表语，要改为陈述句语序）“Which one do you like best here?” he asked her.He asked her which one she liked best there.“How shall (should) I read the book?” she asked. （表示征询意见）She wanted to know how she should read the book.语法专练1. Tom asked Jack _ .A. why he was so excited B. why was he so excitedC. why is he so
8、 excitedD. why he is so excited2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _.A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the filmC. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _.A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting alongC.
9、how I was getting alongD. how was I getting along4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _.A. that I am a teacherB. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _very naughty.A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother tha
10、t the boy isC. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. The teacher said, “Light travels much faster than sound.” The teacher said that _.7. He said, “The railway has been completed.” He said _.8. The teacher asked, “Can you answer the question?” The teacher _.9. He
11、 asked, “Have you seen this film, John?” He _.10. My mother asked, “When will you be back?”My mother asked me _.答案与解析1. A。特殊疑问句变间接引语仍用原来的疑问词引导, 把语序改成正常语序。2. D。一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether 或if 引导，同时把原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。3. C。同上4. D。陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词that引导（在口语中that常省略）。5. C。陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词that引导（在口语中that常省略）。主句中如果有say tosomebody （对某人说），通常变为tell somebody （告诉某人）。6. light travels much faster than sound （客观真理时态不变）7. (that) the railway had been completed （同四） 8. asked me if (whether) I could answer the question （同二）9. asked John if (whether) he had seen that film （同二）10. when I would be back (用陈述语序)