1、Unit 4Global warming 单词拼写应用核心单词1tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾vt.照顾；护理2quantity n量；数量3glance vi.看一下；扫视 n一瞥4advocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张5mild adj.温和的；温柔的；淡的6range n种类；范围7circumstance n环境；情况8refresh vt.使恢复；使振作9average adj.平均的10phenomenon n现象语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1She strongly advocates/advocated (advocate) that we should make jo
2、int efforts to contribute to the youth football progress.2The water recreation centre provides a variety of activities，ranging(range) from swimming to diving.3Quantities(quantity) of money have been spent in bringing up the children since they were married.4The QinghaiTibet Plateau is the worlds hig
3、hest plateau，averaging (average) over 4，000 metres above sea level.5Pleasant music is often played between classes to make students refreshed(refresh) and relaxed for a while.6An eclipse of the moon is one of the natural phenomena (phenomenon).拓展单词1pollute vt.污染pollution n污染；弄脏2oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)
4、较量opposed adj.反对的；对立的3consequence n结果；后果；影响consequently adv.因此；所以4state vt.陈述；说明statement n声明；陈述；表达5steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的steadily adv.平稳地；持续地6exist vi.存在existence n生存；存在7contribute v贡献；撰稿contribution n贡献8consume vt.消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完consumer n顾客9grow v增长；生长growth n增长；生长10educate v教育education n教育educator n
5、教育工作者；教育家11agree vi.同意agreement n同意disagree vi.不同意；意见不合disagreement n分歧；不一致语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1One of the worst consequences of smoking for a long time is that you may suffer lung cancer.Consequently，you and your family will suffer a lot.(consequent)2There were a lot of disagreements among us on this i
6、ssue at first，but finally we reached an agreement(agree)3It was stated that the president made a statement announcing new policies to deal with the new situation.(state)4He has made steady progress in his study after he worked day and night steadily for nearly a few months.(steady) 5On the whole，peo
7、ple who are well educated can find jobs easier than those without a good education(educate)阅读词汇1random adj.胡乱的；任意的2subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅vt.签署(文件)；捐助3fuel n燃料4data n资料；数据5catastrophe n大灾难；浩劫6flood n洪水；水灾7widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的8electrical adj.电的；与电有关的9casual adj.随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的10motor n发动机11can n容器；罐头1
8、2microwave n微波炉；微波13nuclear adj.核的；核能的；原子核的14tendency n倾向；趋势拓展联想1.特别“不规则”的名词复数小结datumdata数据mediummedia 媒体bacteriumbacteria 细菌criterioncriteria 标准phenomenonphenomena 现象2.与“灾难”有关的名词集锦flood洪灾drought 旱灾disaster 灾难catastrophe 大灾难earthquake 地震tsunami 海啸3.“环境，情况”名词家族circumstance环境；情况environment环境，自然环境surro
9、undings(周围的)环境/事物condition状况，情况situation形势，情况熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1(2017全国卷)Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. 普通的2(2017天津卷)I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began flooding in from hundreds of people. 大量涌入3A massi
10、ve fire consumed the Cosmopolitan Hotel on Saturday, sending its guests hurrying to safety. 烧毁；毁灭 短语多维应用高频短语1.go_up上升；增长；升起2subscribe_to 同意；赞成；订购3quantities_of 大量的4be_opposed_to 反对5put_up_with 忍受；容忍6and_so_on 等等语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空。This morning，several classmates and I subscribed_to the idea that we we
11、nt to pick up rubbish in the Peoples Park.On arrival，we found quantities_of waste plastic bags on the ground.Although we were_opposed_to littering，some visitors ignored us.We couldnt put_up_with their bad behaviors.高频短语7.result_in 导致8keep_on 继续9come_about 发生；造成10on_the_whole 大体上；基本上11on_behalf_of 代表
12、一方；作为的代言人语境运用选用左边短语的适当形式填空。We persuaded them not to throw away rubbish patiently，and they finally promised us not to keep_on doing that.So，you see，so long as we do our best，bad phenomena will decrease or will not come_aboutOn_the_whole，good actions result_in good outcomes.Dont you think so？拓展联想1.“动词
13、up with”短语集锦keep up with跟上catch up with 跟上end up with 以结束come up with 提出put up with 忍受be fed up with 受够了2“bev.edto”短语荟萃be opposed to反对be attached to 附属于be accustomed to 习惯于be addicted to 沉溺于be devoted to 奉献be sentenced to 被判处句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.There is no doubt that.毫无疑问。There is no doubt that the
14、earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.(2017北京卷)毫无疑问，沿着长江的旅行将是一个更好的选择。There_is_no_doubt_that the trip along the Yangtze River will be a better choice.2.even if引导让步状语从句。Even if we start reducing the amount
15、 of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.作为学生，我们应该总是讲真话，即使别人可能与我们观点不同。As students，we should always tell the truth even_if_others_might_not_agree_ with_us.3.so long as引导条件状语从句。It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as
16、 you are using itif not，turn it off！只要每个人能够从现在起采取低碳的生活方式，环境将会得到很大改善。As_long_as_everyone_can_adopt a lowcarbon lifestyle from now on，the environment will greatly change.精讲4个考纲单词1quantity n量；数量；数目(1)单句语法填空/单句改错A large quantity of money has_been_collected (collect) to help those suffering from the floo
17、ds.Quantities (quantity) of food and tents were sent to the earthquakestricken areas from Shandong.Its cheaper to buy goods in quantity.As a result of destroying the forests，a large quantity of desert have covered the land.have_has(2)链接写作完成句子首先，车辆释放大量的有毒气体，这是空气污染的主要来源。In the first place，vehicles sen
18、d large_quantities_of_poisonous_gases which are a major source of air pollution.先理解再牢记 (1)a(large)quantity of大量的quantities of许多的；大量的in quantity 大量的(2)quality n质量佳句背诵As far as Im concerned，it is quality rather than quantity that really counts.温馨提示“a quantity of名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而“quantities of名词”作主语时，谓
19、语动词用复数。2.oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(1)单句语法填空Good habits always lead to high efficiency，while bad ones bring the opposite(oppose)She was strongly opposed ( oppose) to the idea of going abroad.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)The senior students are strongly against being treated unfairly by others.(高级表达)The senior stud
20、ents strongly_object_to being treated unfairly by others.(object)(高级表达)The senior students are_strongly_opposed_to being treated unfairly by others.(opposed)先理解再牢记 (1)oppose (doing) sth.反对(做)某事(2)opposed adj.反对的；对立的be opposed to (ones) doing sth.反对(某人)做某事(3)opposite n相反的人或事物 adj.相反的；对立的联想发散表示“反对；不赞成
21、”的表达还有：disagree with；be against；object to等。3.range n种类；范围；幅度；界限 v(在一定范围内)变动；变化；排列(1)单句语法填空(2017北京卷)The national park has a large collection of wildlife，ranging (range) from butterflies to elephants.He is the manager of our company，so hiring and firing are within the range of his responsibilities.(2)
22、链接写作句式升级(普通表达)He has a number of interests.They range from playing chess to swimming.(高级表达)He has a number of interests，which_range_from_playing_ chess_to_swimming(定语从句)(高级表达)He has a number of interests，ranging_from_playing_ chess_to_swimming(非谓语动词作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)a range of一系列in/within range 在射程以内；在范
23、围内beyond/out of range 在射程外；在范围外beyond/out of ones range 某人能力达不到的(2)range from.to.在范围内变动；包括由到之间的各类事物range between.and.在和范围内变动佳句背诵( 2018全国卷)Whats more，with the new stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held.4.average adj.平均的；普通的；平常的 n平均数；一般水准 v计算出的平均数(1)单句语法填空The car is running a
24、t an average speed of 50 kilometres an hour.According to the 13th National Reading Survey in China，in 2017 every adult read 5.16 printed books on average.(2)链接写作完成句子汤姆的学习成绩属于中上水平，吉姆的学习成绩属中下水平，杰克的学习成绩属中等水平。Toms work at school is above_(the)_average，Jims below_(the)_average and Jacks up_to_(the)_avera
25、ge先理解再牢记 (1)an average of平均有(后跟数词)(2)on(the)average 平均起来above/below average 在平均水平以上/以下up to average 达到平均数；达到一般水准(3)average out 算出平均数佳句背诵As the average age of the population increases，there are more and more old people to care for.诠释2个核心短语1result in 导致(1)单句语法填空As far as I know，his carelessness result
26、ed in the accident.Now，as a result of a parttime job，I neednt ask my parents for money as before.Misunderstandings resulting(result)from lack of social communication，if not handled properly，may lead to serious problems.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)(2017天津卷)As a result，I was chosen as a volunteer for the 13th Na
27、tional Games.(高级表达)As_a_consequence，I was chosen as a volunteer for the 13th National Games.先理解再牢记 (1)result from由造成；因而产生(2)as a result 结果as a result of 由于的结果without result 没有结果；白费佳句背诵The number of cars is increasing very rapidly，thus resulting in some social problems.联想发散“因此”表达荟萃：as a result；as a c
28、onsequence；therefore；thus。2.put up with容忍；忍受(1)介副词填空Im not going to put up with their smoking any longer.He decided that he would drive back to town instead of putting up for the night at the hotel.Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put down almost every word her teacher says.We ar
29、e trying to put aside some money every month for our vacation.(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)Hell have to find some other work for he cant stand/bear this loud noise any more.(高级表达)Hell have to find some other work for he cant put_up_with/tolerate this loud noise any more.先理解再牢记 put aside节省；储蓄；储存put away 收起来put d
30、own 放下；写下put out 熄灭；扑灭put through 接通电话put up 建造；张贴；举起；留宿联想发散“忍受，容忍”的表达还有：stand；tolerate；bear等。突破1个高考句型(教材P30)It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using itif not，turn it off!只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！要点提炼so/as long as“只要”，引导条件状语从句。(1)完成句子We can know more about the life
31、of great people as_well_as_history _and_cultures(也能了解历史和文化)of other countries.A distant relative is not as_good_as(和一样好)a near neighbour.Tom plays football as_well_as (和一样好)his brother.(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)You wont find paper cutting difficult if you keep practicing it.(高级表达)You wont find paper cutting
32、difficult as_long_as you keep practicing it.先理解再牢记 (1)引导条件状语从句的连词短语：in case如果；万一on condition that 只要(2)as.as的其他短语：as well as 也；又；和一样好as soon as 一就as far as 就而言；至于.单句语法填空1Many citizens are opposed to pulling (pull) down the old building which dates back to the 16th century.2My deskmate is good，kind，h
33、ardworking and intelligent.On the whole，I cant speak too highly of him.3Barbara is in her late forties and has a tendency (tend) to complain about what she doesnt feel content with.4In spite of this，the number of people having mobile phones is increasing steadily (steady)5We should do our work well
34、to make contributions(contribution) to our future，our society and our nation.6The magician picked several persons at random from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.7In order to keep rivers and lakes clean and prevent water from being_polluted (pollute)，we must do something
35、to protect them.8I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience.9The children wonder when and how the universe came into existence(exist)10Many educators(educator) are against the method and think that its against the law of education.单句改错1During the discussion，many mem
36、bers were opposed to my proposal，that upset me greatly.thatwhich2As we all know，games play a very important role in the grow of children.growgrowth3A big fire broke out last night；as the consequence，the house was completely destroyed.第一个thea4You may borrow the book as long as you will keep it clean.
37、去掉will5It always take me three hours to finish my homework.taketakes.课文语法填空根据P2627教材课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。It is well 1.known(know) that global warming results from human burning fossil fuels like coal，natural gas and oil to produce energy.Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhous
38、e” gases，2.of which the most important one is carbon dioxide.These “greenhouse” gases can keep 3.the earth warm enough for us to live on.However，when 4.quantities (quantity) of extra carbon dioxide are put into the atmosphere，the global temperature tends 5.to_go (go) up.Although scientists have diff
39、erent opinions about the future effects of global 6.warming(warm)，most believe that the temperature of the earth would increase by about 5 degrees over the next 100 years，7.which may cause the sea level to rise，bring about floods，storms，droughts，the spread of diseases and the 8.disappearance(disappe
40、ar) of species.But Hambley says more carbon dioxide will make plants grow 9.quicker (quick)；crops will produce more and that it will encourage a greater range of animals.Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.The climate 10.will_keep(keep) on warming for decades or centuries even if
41、 we start reducing the amount of greenhouse gases.What will be the future results of global warming? We wait and see.写作改错双练根据提示运用本单元所学知识完成下面小作文，并改正学生习作。1随着工业的发展，产生了越来越多的温室气体，地球在逐渐变暖。(greenhouse gas)2结果，海平面在上升，致使许多沿海城市和动物的栖息地处于危险中。(habitat)3全球变暖已经对人类和动物构成严峻的挑战，因此，到了我们采取措施应对这一挑战的时候了。(it is high time)4
42、只有通过改变我们粗暴对待环境的方式，我们才能与环境和谐相处。(roughly)第一步：练写作用适当的连接词将上述句子连成一篇短文。_第二步：练改错下面是李明针对本文的习作，其中有5处语法错误，请你帮他纠正过来。With the development of industry，more and more greenhouse gases produced and the earth is becoming warmer.As a consequence，the sea level is rising，that puts many coastal cities and animal habitat
43、s in a danger.Global warming has become a seriously challenge to mankind and animals，so it is high time that we take measures to deal with it.Only by changing the way we treat the environment roughly can we live in harmony with it.【答案】With the development of industry，more and more greenhouse gases p
44、roduced and the earth is becoming warmer.As a consequence，the sea level is rising， puts many coastal cities and animal habitats in danger.Global warming has become a challenge to mankind and animals，so it is high time that we measures to deal with it.Only by changing the way we treat the environment roughly can we live in harmony with it.