1、Unit 4Earthquakes单词拼写应用核心单词1burst vi.爆裂；爆发n突然破裂；爆发2disaster n灾难；灾祸3rescue n& vt.援救；营救4bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏5destroy vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭6damage n& vt.损失；损害7ruin n废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产8trap vt.使陷入困境n陷阱；困境9electricity n电；电流；电学10sincerely adv.真诚地；真挚地语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1The earthquake was so big that most of the houses in the
2、small village were completely destroyed (destroy)2With so many miners buried (bury) under the mine，none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest.3A water pipe burst (burst) and the entire apartment was flooded.4If it hadnt been for your timely help，we would be trapped (trap) in a dilemma now.
3、5A large number of soldiers were sent there to rescue (rescue) those trapped in the building.6Disasters(disaster) such as earthquakes and floods are not caused by human beings.拓展单词1extreme adj.极度的extremely adv.极度地2judge n裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决judgement n意见；判断力；审判3injure vt.损害；伤害injury n伤害；损害injured adj.受
4、伤的4nation n民族；国家；国民national adj.国家的；民族的5frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬frightened adj.受惊的；受恐吓的frightening adj.令人恐惧的6congratulate vt.祝贺congratulation n祝贺；(复数) 贺词7dirt n污垢；泥土dirty adj.脏的；肮脏的8suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受suffering n苦难；痛苦sufferer n患者；受害者9shock vt.& vi. (使)震惊；震动 n休克；打击；震惊shocking adj.令人震惊的shocked adj.震惊的10sur
5、vive vt.& vi.幸存；幸免于survivor n幸存者；生还者；残存物survival n幸存语境运用用所给词的适当形式填空。1The girl was almost frightened to death when she saw the frightening scene.(frighten)2The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)3
6、Judging from his looks，he must be an honest man.On the contrary，he often robs and steals，so the judge pointed out that a man should not be judged by his appearance.(judge)4We were shocked at the shocking news that he died suddenly yesterday.(shock)5Rescuers said the injured was taken to a hospital n
7、earby，and fortunately the injury was not serious，not life threatening.(injure)6Britain is a developed nation and its national flower is rose.Many people dream of having British nationality.(nation)阅读词汇1canal n运河；水道2shelter n掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处3farmyard n农场；农家4outline n要点；大纲；轮廓5headline n报刊的大字标题6earthquake n地
8、震7track n轨道；足迹；痕迹8event n事件；大事9well n井10pipe n管；导管11steam n蒸汽；水汽12reporter n记者拓展联想1.“AAA”式不规则动词变化burstburstburst爆裂；爆发costcostcost 花费putputput 放下hurthurthurt 伤害shutshutshut 关闭hithithit 打2“ing/ed”结尾的形容词聚焦熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1(2017全国卷)We were respectful of craft and focused on digging into the charac
9、ters we were going to play. 刻苦钻研；研究2(2014重庆卷)He had a real gift for handling chores, sheltering me from unpleasant repair jobs. 保护；庇护3Mrs. Long, who suffered a stroke after the accident, claimed $27,000 damages from the other drivers car insurance firm. 赔偿金短语多维应用高频短语1right away立刻；马上2in ruins 严重受损；破败
10、不堪3a (great) number of 许多；大量的4judging from 从判断5be trapped in 陷入语境运用选用上边短语的适当形式填空。A great number of firefighters were sent to the scene right away.The fire spread so quickly that the building lay in ruins in no time.Judging from the situation，many people were trapped in the fire.The firefighters did
11、all they could to put out the fire and tried to carry the trapped people out.6think little/nothing of认为没什么了不起7at an end 结束；终结8dig out 掘出；发现9be proud of 以而自豪10be buried in 埋头于语境运用选用上边短语的适当形式填空。My holiday was nearly at an end and I paid a visit to my cousin.When I came in，he was buried in reviewing hi
12、s lessons in his study.He got top marks in the final exam and his parents were proud of him.However，he thought nothing of what he had achieved.拓展联想1.表示“立刻；马上”的词语荟萃right awayright nowat oncein no timeimmediatelyinstantly2“think副词of”短语荟萃think little of认为没什么了不起think highly of 重视；看得起think well of 重视 thi
13、nk poorly of 轻视think badly of 认为不好句式结构仿写教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.too.to.太而不能。In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(2016上海卷)我当时太年幼，不理解这部电影的含义。I was then too young to understand the meaning of the film.2.It seemed as if 似乎/好像。It seemed as if the world was at an end！保罗仿佛像一位超人一样勇
14、敢地与狼作斗争。Paul fought the wolf bravely as if he were a superman.3.everywhere引导让步状语从句。Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.无论他走到哪里，他都受到热烈欢迎。Everywhere he went，he received a warm welcome.4.all.not.并非所有的都。All hope was not lost.最近的一项调查表明，在我们学校并非所有的学生都在课余时间进行体育锻炼。A recent survey shows tha
15、t all the students in our school dont take physical exercise in their spare time.精讲5个考纲单词1burst vi.爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发(1)单句语法填空The police burst in and arrested the gang.He burst into the room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.At the news that my dad would be back from London this week
16、, I felt as if my heart would burst with joy.(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)When they heard the bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst into tears(突然哭起来)(高级表达)Hearing the bad news that their son died in the earthquake, the couple burst out crying.(分词短语作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)burst in/into闯入， 突然破门而入
17、突然哭起来/笑起来burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支(2)a burst of 一阵名师点津短语burst in中的in是副词，后面不接宾语；而burst into中的into是介词，后面应接宾语。2.ruin nU毁灭；毁坏；常用复数废墟 vt.(使)毁坏；成为废墟(1)单句语法填空When they rushed to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighbourhood in ruins (ruin)(2)链接写作一句多译他犯了个错误， 这让他失去了出国的机会。He made a mistake, which
18、 ruined his chance of going abroad.(定语从句)He made a mistake, ruining his chance of going abroad.(分词作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)lie/be in ruins成为废墟be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途佳句背诵The whole city lay in ruins after the earthquake，which made us awake all n
19、ight.3.injure vt.损害；伤害(1)单句语法填空A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the injured (injure) to the hospital.Dogs owners should be responsible if their pets do an injury (injure) to other people or cause damage to their property.(2)链接写作句式升级(普通表达)My left foot was seriously
20、 injured, so I cant go with you as planned.(高级表达)With my left foot seriously injured, I cant go with you as planned.(with 复合结构)先理解再牢记 (1)injured adj.受伤的get seriously injured 受重伤the injured 伤员(2)injury n伤；伤口；伤害do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人佳句背诵She injured herself while skating, which made he
21、r parents very worried.4.bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心，使沉浸；隐藏(1)单句语法填空I wandered into the dining room and found you buried(bury) in piles of books.He sank into a chair, burying(bury) his face in his hands.(2)链接写作一句多译专心于读书， 他不知道外面下雨了。(bury)Because he buried himself in/was buried in his books, he didnt know it wa
22、s raining outside.(状语从句)Burying himself in his books, he was not aware it was raining outside.(现在分词短语作状语)Buried in his books, he was not aware it was raining outside.(过去分词短语作状语)先理解再牢记 (1)埋头于；专心于(2)bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面佳句背诵The girl was sitting on the bench in the park，burying herself in a
23、 book.名师点津表示 “专心于； 致力于” 的短语还有：be devoted to；be lost in；be engaged in；be absorbed in；focus/concentrate on等。5.judge vt.断定；判断；判决 n裁判员；法官(1)单句语法填空Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15.Schools tend to be judged (judge) by the performance
24、of their students in exams.Judging (judge) from the number of cars, he thought there were not many people at the club yet.(2)链接写作完成句子(2018全国卷)依我看来，注意餐桌礼仪是非常重要的。As far as I can judge/As far as Im concerned, its very important to mind your table manners.先理解再牢记 (1)judge.from/by.从来判断judge sb.to be 判断某人为
25、as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from 从上看；根据判断名师点津judging from/by 表示“从上看，根据判断”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。诠释2个核心短语1at an end 结束；终结(1)单句语法填空The meeting came to an end and he set down a number of key words.At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing (apologiz
26、e)(2)链接写作词汇升级(普通表达)The speech contest finished. Thankfully, I ended up winning the first prize and my hard work paid off finally.(高级表达)The speech contest was at an end. Thankfully, I ended up winning the first prize and my hard work paid off in the end.先理解再牢记 (1)at the end of.在尽头， 在末端by the end of 到
27、结束时， 到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end 最后； 终于(2)come to an end 结束put an end to sth. 结束； 终结make (both) ends meet使收支相抵， 量入为出(3)end up with 以结束end up doing sth. 以做结束2.a (great) number of许多； 大量的(1)单句语法填空Now a great number of college graduates are seeking(seek) to get a highpaid job.But the number of posts avail
28、able for them is(be)often not enough.Large quantities of information, as well as some timely help, have been offered(offer) since the organization was built.A great deal of money was donated (donate) to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.Large amounts of money are spe
29、nt (spend) on advertisements every year.(2)链接写作完成句子我们使用新的循环利用方法，节省了大量的原材料。After we use the new recycling method, a large number of materials have been saved.先理解再牢记 (1)可数名词复数复数谓语(2)the number of可数名词复数单数谓语(3)不可数名词单数谓语(4)可数名词复数或不可数名词复数谓语(5)plenty of名师点津(1)a large quantity/ amount of 不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数。(2
30、)a large quantity/amount of可数名词复数作主语时谓语动词用复数。突破2个高考句型1(教材P26)It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！要点提炼It seemed/seems (to sb.) that/as if. “(对某人来说)似乎”。(1)单句语法填空(2016上海卷)The kids were very friendly with her and even looked up to her as if she were(be) their own mother. It was John who bro
31、ke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had done(do)it?The old man was lying on the ground as if hurt(hurt) badly. (2)链接写作句式升级They walked here and there on the playground as if they were looking for something.They walked here and there on the playground as if looking for something.(省略)先理解再牢记
32、 (1)as if从句用陈述语气：从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的(2)as if从句用虚拟语气：从句用一般过去时(与现在的事实相反)从句用过去完成时(与过去的事实相反)从句用would/could/might do形式(与将来的事实相反)佳句背诵Look at the clouds in the sky！It looks as if it is going to rain. Lets hurry up.2.(教材P26)All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。要点提炼部分否定。该句是表示部分否定的句型，all.not.not all.，意为“并非所有的都”。
33、(1)单句语法填空He told me all pieces of the news, but none of them was exciting.Our English teacher is excellent, but she cant help everyone/all in the class in 50 minutes. (2)链接写作句型转换Both of the maths problems are not very difficult.Not both of the maths problems are very difficult.先理解再牢记 (1)部分否定用法：含 “全部
34、/所有/任何” 等意义的词与not连用， 如：all, both, everything, always等。(2)全部否定用法：英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成 “全部否定”。.单句语法填空1It was at midnight that Ken was dug (dig) out from the ruins.2Trapped (trap) in the ruins, the girl still h
35、eld a positive attitude.3When the game finally ended, both of us were lying flat on our backs, too tired to move.4On seeing the former champion of the Olympics appears on the stage, the audience burst out cheering(cheer)5Twofifths of the students in our class are(be) fond of pop music.6On arriving t
36、here, we expressed our congratulations (congratulation) to him on his success.7It shocked(shock) me to see how my neighbors treated their children.8Although it was an extremely(extreme) difficult and dangerous task, he was determined to finish it.9The terrible shaking of the ground woke (wake) up al
37、l the people who were asleep.10The factory, as is reported in the local newspapers, will insist on reforming the present system which has slowed its development.课文语法填空根据P26课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A terrible earthquake hit the city of Tangshan on July 28,1976，in which thousands of people died a
38、nd many were injured.Many houses fell down and sand filled the wells 1.instead of water.People were greatly 2.shocked(shock)All the electricity in the city was cut off and people began to wonder how long the disaster would last.The whole city 3.was destroyed(destroy) completely and the world seemed
39、4.at its end.The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope, because 150,000 soldiers were sent 5.to help(help) the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig out those 6.who were trapped.They also built 7.shelters(shelter) for the survivors.Fresh water was taken to the city by every means.8.Slowl
40、y(slow), the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the quake, strange things had happened in the countryside.The water in the village wells 9.rose(rise) and fell.Fish jumped out of the ponds.Strange noises were heard in the sky, but people thought little of 10.them(they).读后续写阅读下面短文
41、，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Once upon a time there lived a stone cutter who was dissatisfied with his life.One day，on his way to work，he passed by a beautiful house.It belonged to a rich merchant.From where he stood，he saw fine possessions，honorable guests，and plenty of workers and servants all set to w
42、ork.He became envious and deeply wished to have everything the wealthy and powerful merchant did.Suddenly，the stone cutter changed into the merchant taking over his mind and body.He was aware of the merchants innermost feelings，thoughts and memories.He felt the joy of owning all the luxuries in the
43、world.He knew the pleasure of holding such a respectable position in the society.Many honored him.After a few days of enjoying the merchants life，he saw a king being carried in a luxurious chair accompanied by attendants，soldiers and servants.Everyone，despite of their power and wealth，was forced to
44、bow before this figure that was worshiped as God.After seeing this，he realized he had been mistaken about the merchants power and status.In a split second，he moved into the body of the king，mighty and fearless.Then he knew what it felt like to be praised and glorified by the entire kingdom，to hold t
45、he power to pardon or take a mans life and what it was like to be respected by kings from other lands.One day，on a hot summer noon，he was extremely uneasy.His overweight body made the heat even more intolerable.He looked up at the sun and thought about how it was absolutely unaffected by his presenc
46、e.He then swiftly became the sun，shining with glory，the source of life and strength of every living creature on the planet.注意：1所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：He continued to radiate until a massive storm cloud gathered below him blockin
47、g his rays. Paragraph 2：There was yet another force that faded the winds egoa huge towering rock. 【参考范文】Paragraph 1：He continued to radiate until a massive storm cloud gathered below him blocking his rays. The storm cloud then burst into pouring rain.Seeing this，he became the cloud.He felt the incre
48、dible power of its existence as it could flood everything that it wished to.Not too late did he realize that the entire root of his power was yet another forcewind.The strength of the rain was not worth mentioning without the wind.And so he became it，blowing off the roofs of houses，and uprooting tre
49、es and everything else that came in its way.Paragraph 2：There was yet another force that faded the winds egoa huge towering rock. The wind would blow against it with a speed and force of the ultimate strength.The rock would stand still and unmoved.He then became it，a solid，dense，immortal and powerful substance on earth.After a while，he heard a familiar sound，which was heard when a rock was stricken by a set of tools.He then felt himself being cut，and reformed.He looked down at the artist，the figure of a stone cutter！He then became a stone cutter again.