1、单元主题语境人与社会之小说、戏剧、诗歌、传记、 文学简史、经典演讲、文学名著等(2018高考浙江卷)话题：英国作家查尔斯狄更斯词数： 324难度：In 1812，the year Charles Dickens was born，there were 66 novels published in Britain.People had been writing novels for a centurymost experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719but nobody wanted to do it professional
2、ly.The steampowered printing press was still in its early stages；the literacy (识字) rate in England was under 50%.Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors，often with something like “By a lady.” Novels，for the most part，were looked upon as silly，immoral or just plain bad.In 1870
3、，when Dickens died，the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher，famous and beloved，who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist to Tiny Timwere held up as moral touchstones.Today Dickens greatness is unc
4、hallenged.Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.How did Dickens get to the top？For all the feelings readers attach to stories，literature is a numbers game，and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass.S
5、ome 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age，from 1837 to 1901；today a casual reader might be able to name a halfdozen of them.Its partly true that Dickens style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life.Its partly that his writings rode a wave of social，political and scient
6、ific progress.But its also that he rewrote the culture of literature and put himself at the center.No one will ever know what mix of talent，ambition，energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer.But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches，it is possibleand important for our own c
7、ultureto understand how he made himself a lasting one.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国著名作家查尔斯狄更斯及其作品是如何奠定他在英国文学中的地位的。21Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century?AThey were difficult to understand.BThey were popular among the rich.CThey were seen as nearly worthless.DThey were writ
8、ten mostly by women.解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Novels，for the most part，were looked upon as silly，immoral or just plain bad.”可知，那时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，很多作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的、有悖道德的或糟糕透顶的。故选C项。答案：C22Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress .Ahis reputation in FranceBhis interest in modern artChis
9、success in publicationDhis importance in literature解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Removing him from the pantheon of English literature would make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa.”可知，把他从英国文学的名人堂移除就跟卢浮宫廉价出售蒙娜丽莎的感觉一样，可见狄更斯在英国文学史上的重要性，由此可推知D项正确。答案：D23What is the authors purpose in writin
10、g the text?ATo remember a great writer.BTo introduce an English novel.CTo encourage studies on culture.DTo promote values of the Victorian age.解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段中“But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches.”可知，本文写于狄更斯诞辰200周年纪念前夕，显然是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。答案：A一、语言能力熟词生义/ 词类活用1date vt.确定日期2printing pr
11、ess 印刷机3work n. 著作，作品4plain adv.(用于强调)简直，绝对地5ride vt.激发，引起6distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的二、思维品质1阅读技巧写作意图题解题技巧写作意图题要求考生在理解文章主旨的基础上揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解文章中的文字表述、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者的写作意图。例如第23题，根据文中对查尔斯狄更斯及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的介绍，和文
12、章最后一句可知，本文写于查尔斯狄更斯200周年诞辰前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念查尔斯狄更斯这位伟大的作家。2分析长难句并翻译句子In 1870，when Dickens died，the world mourned him as its first professional writer and publisher，famous and beloved，who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose charactersfrom Oliver Twist t
13、o Tiny Timwere held up as moral touchstones.分析主句部分是the world mourned him；主句前的in 1870，when Dickens died为时间状语和时间状语从句；as its first professional writer and publisher为介词短语作状语；famous and beloved为形容词作状语；who had led.and whose characters.为两个并列的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词writer and publisher。翻译1870年，当狄更斯去世时，人们把他当作世界上第一个职业
14、作家和出版商而哀悼，他名气卓著，受人爱戴，在小说出版和读者人数方面引发了一场大爆炸，他的角色从奥利弗崔斯特到小提姆都被看作道德的试金石。三、文化素养思考：通过阅读这篇文章，你认为学习文学有什么意义？学习文学不仅只是学习语言，它更是一种文化，能够引导我们正确的人生观、价值观，是全面学习知识的基础。授课提示：对应学生用书第82页NO.1单词在语境中应用，在拓展中记多01核心单词先识记请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1seek shelter from rain寻找避雨的地方2issue a statement发布声明3wander over the world漫游世界4stare into the di
15、stance凝视远方5spot a friend in the crowd在人群中认出朋友6bet on horses赌马7the scene of a traffic accident车祸发生的现场8a novel idea一个新奇的想法9be contrary to ones expectation出乎某人的意料10a bank account 银行账户11a grave fault in a theory理论上的重大缺陷12good manners有礼貌13a parking permit停车许可证14be good indeed 确实好再拓展请填入括号内单词的正确形式1Good man
16、ners (manner) are a very important key to your social success.2Although the patient was out of patience, the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently.(patience)3It was rude of you to hurt his pride last night，so you must offer him an apology for your rudeness.(rude)4He is the most
17、believable person，but on the other hand，how unbelievable it is that he should believe in the liar.(believe)5As we all know，Mo Yan，a famous novelist, won Nobel Literature Prize and wrote many excellent novels.(novel)6Lucy，a young girl from America，is fond of adventure.Her adventurous experience is un
18、believable.(adventure)7I will come after the meeting if time permits, but I should ask for my headmasters permission first.(permit)02阅读单词标注不认识的单词，回查单词表重新记忆fakebarberdessertpavementbay genuine nightfall passageembassy charity steak pennilessunpaid pineapple bowNO.2短语在拼写中记牢，在联想中积累必会短语请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1tak
19、e a chance 冒险2make a bet 打赌3on the contrary 与此相反；正相反4from the bottom of ones heart 发自内心5bring up children抚养孩子6find fault with others挑剔别人7by accident or by design偶然还是故意8as for your question至于你的问题9go ahead with the plan开始实施这一计划10an amount of mail大量的邮件11account for her lateness解释她迟到的原因12stare at the to
20、ys 盯着玩具看13the officer on the scene在场的警官14be dressed in rags衣衫褴褛词汇积累1聚焦“允许”与“禁止”permit v& n允许；许可证permission n允许；许可allow vt.允许forbid vt.禁止ban vt.& n禁止；禁令 prohibit vt.禁止admit vt.允许2“金融”术语budget n预算account n账目；账户capital n资金；资本withdraw vt.提取cheque n支票interest n利息finance n财政；金融3“v.for”高频短语聚焦account for 解释
21、；占(比例)apply for申请call for要求；需要care for喜欢answer for负责arrange for安排leave for出发去hope for希望；期望NO.3句式在解读中学懂，在学写中学通请根据提示完成下列句子1find宾语宾语补足语当我到达美国后，我发现自己生活在一个完全异国的文化中。After I arrived in America，I found myself living in a completely foreign culture.2had just done.when.“刚做完这时”我刚刚坐下来去工作这时发现有东西在墙上移动。I had just
22、sat down to work when I spotted something moving on the wall.3“It is/ was.that/who.”强调句型不可否认是老师的鼓励和帮助让我稳步前进。There is no denying that it was my teachers encouragement and help that resulted in my steady progress.(2020高考全国卷)4wheneverno matter when，在此引导让步状语从句没有人比我们的父母更关心我们，无论何时我们有困难他们总会乐于帮助我们。Nobody is
23、 more concerned about us than our parents，who are willing to come to our assistance whenever we are in trouble.授课提示：对应学生用书第83页1scene n(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；场景；地点；景色写作佳句 The colors of the brown rocks，the deep green pine trees，and the late afternoon sun mixed to create a magic scene.(2018高考浙江卷)棕色的岩石、深绿的松树和傍晚的阳
24、光混合在一起，创造出一种神奇的景色。归纳拓展 on the scene在现场；当场；在台上behind the scenes在幕后；暗中appear/come on the scene出场；登场实战演练基础练透单句语法填空Nine people died on the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.The students were able to go behind the scenes (scene) to see how programmes were made.In the picture，the
25、res a scene where some foreign school children in Grade One are having a class.能力提升句式升级On receiving the call，the police rushed to the scene.There a traffic accident happened.The moment the police received the call，they rushed to the scene，where/in which a traffic accident happened.(定语从句)实战贴士 scene有“
26、场景；场面；地点”的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用where或in which来引导。2permit vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许n.通行证；许可证；执照写作佳句 Without a driving permit，you are not permitted to drive the car.你若没有驾驶执照，就不允许开车。归纳拓展 (1)permit sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事permit doing sth.允许做某事(2)a driving permit驾驶执照(3)permission nU允许；许可with/without ones perm
27、ission获得/未经某人同意ask for permission申请许可 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空But Naomi would have to ask Steves permission (permit)(2019高考江苏卷)The government has already permitted the company to use (use) special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly.As a punishment，she was not permitted to attend (attend) any s
28、chool activities. The large room has a window which permits (permit) a clear view of the lake.能力提升一句多译时间允许的话，我期待参加更多这样的活动。(2019高考北京卷)If time permits，I look forward to taking part in more such activities.(状语从句)Time permitting，I look forward to taking part in more such activities.(独立主格结构)实战贴士 (1)与perm
29、it一样，后面直接跟动名词或跟不定式复合结构(sb.to do.)的动词还有allow (允许)，forbid (禁止)，advise (建议)，encourage (鼓励)等。(2)permit用作不及物动词，可表示时间、条件、天气等“允许的话”，此时常用于独立主格结构，即“名词现在分词”。3spot vt.发现；认出；点缀n.斑点；污点；地点 写作佳句Moreover，the scenery along the Yangtze River is amazing，with many wellknown sightseeing spots.此外，长江沿岸的风景令人惊叹，有许多著名的观光景点。归
30、纳拓展 (1)spot sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事be spotted with满是的斑点；点缀着(2)on the spoton the scene当场；在现场；立即 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空/补全句子The grass of the forest is spotted (spot)with small yellow flowers.More than ten policemen turned up on the spot where the accident happened.He spotted his friend talking with someone (发现
31、他的朋友正在和某个人谈话)over there.能力提升完成句子Not only will all kinds of papercutting works be on display，but the craftsmen will show visitors how to cut paper into different shapes on the spot.不仅各种各样的剪纸作品将展出，工匠们还将在现场向参观者展示如何将纸剪成各种形状。实战贴士 spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如缺状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如缺主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。4acc
32、ount vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有 n说明；理由；计算；账目；报道写作佳句 I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into account.我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。归纳拓展 (1)account for解释；是的原因；占(比例)(2)on account of由于；因为on no account决不(3)考虑(4)give an account of.叙述/描述实战演练基础练透单句语法填空The flight was postponed on account of bad weather.I prefer west
33、ern painting.There are several reasons accounting (account) for my preference.(2019高考天津卷)能力提升一句多译依我看，你绝不能约会迟到。(2018高考全国卷)Personally speaking，you should on no account be late for your appointment.Personally speaking，on no account should you be late for your appointment.实战贴士 on no account意为“决不”，放在句首时常
34、引起句子的部分倒装，有类似用法的还有：by no means，in no way，in no case，on no condition，under no circumstances，at no time等。5. manner n举止；方式；方法；态度；(pl.)礼貌；礼仪；习俗文化金句 The following are my suggestions on how to mind your table manners in China.下面是我关于你在中国如何注意餐桌礼仪的一些建议。归纳拓展 (1)in a.manner以的方式(2)Its bad/good manners to do sth
35、.做是没有/有礼貌的实战演练基础练透单句语法填空The work should have been done in a more satisfactory manner.Its bad manners (manner) to break in while others are speaking.能力提升完成句子People spend a lot of time pointing out bad manners but it would be even more helpful if wed publicly acknowledge good manners when we see them.
36、人们用很多时间指出不礼貌的行为，但如果我们看到礼貌的行为就公开地认可，这样更有用。实战贴士 manner意为“方式；方法；举止；态度”时，常用单数形式；而当它意为“礼貌；礼仪；习俗”时，常用复数形式。6seek v(sought；sought) 寻找；追求；企图；征求，请求 写作佳句They managed to seek out a quiet place where they could sit down and admire the natural scenery.他们设法找到了一个可以坐下来欣赏自然风景的安静的地方。归纳拓展 seek to do sth. 试图/设法做某事seek a
37、fter/for 追求；寻求seek out 挑选出；找出seek ones fortune 寻找致富的机会seek help/advice/the truth/wealth/fame 寻求帮助/征求意见/寻求真理/追求财富/追求名声 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空Scientists have been seeking to understand (understand) the mystery of the “sixth sense” of direction.On the Internet，people can seek for/after information about their
38、favourite stars and buy tickets at a discount as well.能力提升补全句子A company whose profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad (去国外谋求机会)Many people crowded into big cities to seek their fortune (寻求致富的机会)，but most of them failed.7bring up 培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐 写作佳句Born into family wi
39、th three brothers，David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.出生在一个有着三个兄弟的家庭，戴维被教导要重视分享意识。归纳拓展 bring about引起；导致；产生；带来bring sth.back使某物恢复；带回某物；使想起某事bring down让降下来；使倒下bring in引入；赚(钱) 实战演练基础练透一词多义/用bring的相关短语填空He brought up a practical plan in the meeting，which brought down the cost of productio
40、n.提出He left her to bring up three young children on her own.养育The greedy child brought up all he had eaten.呕吐Mary has no idea how to bring up her children to be independent and selfrespecting.教育The reason why the goods are sold at such low prices is that the manufacturers are willing to bring down p
41、rices in return for big volume of purchases.This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of my high school days.能力提升词汇升级Her parents died when she was a baby and she was raised by her aunt.Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.实战贴士 bring up后接代词时，应用bring s
42、b.up；be brought up in“在长大”；be brought up by sb.“由某人抚养”。8take a chance冒险；试图做某事；碰运气写作佳句I dont think it will work，but Ill take a chance and try it.虽然我认为那样不行，但是我仍会碰运气试一下。归纳拓展 take a chancetake chances冒险；碰运气by chanceby accident偶然；碰巧(The) chances are that.有可能There is a chance that.有可能have a chance to do s
43、th.有机会做某事 实战演练基础练透单句语法填空You should never take a chance when driving a car.The chances are that the player will recover from his injury in time for the next game.Whats more，I consider it a good chance to enjoy(enjoy) the wonderful scenery.能力提升完成句子I grasped this opportunity/chance to take an active pa
44、rt in the programme with the theme “Working is most beautiful.”(2019高考北京卷)我抓住这次机会积极参加主题为“劳动最光荣”的实践活动。9find宾语宾语补足语教材原句 Well，towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.嗯，傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。归纳拓展 “find宾语宾语补足语”的结构形式归纳：(1)find 宾语(2)find itadj./n.to do(it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语) 实战演练
45、基础练透单句语法填空Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost (lose) for words.Dick found himself walking (walk)in the direction of Mikes place.However，when preparing for the English speech contest，I found it very challenging (challenge)to collect information and use language correctly.能力提升完成句子Thes
46、e days, I, together with my classmates, have adapted a short play based on the English text. But we find it difficult to make the plot adapted attractive enough.(2020高考全国卷)这些天，我和我的同学一起根据英语课文改编了一个短剧。但我们发现很难做到改编的情节足够吸引人。实战贴士 (1)与find用法相同的动词还有：see，hear，watch，notice，have，make，keep等。(2)记住句式结构，分清宾语与宾补之间的逻
47、辑关系是解题的关键。10It is/was.that/who.强调句型教材原句 And it was the ship that brought you to England.正是这艘船把你带到了英国。归纳拓展 (1)强调句的基本句型：It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他部分。(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it 被强调部分that/who句子其他部分？(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词(被强调部分)is/wasitthat句子其他部分？(4)not.until.结构的强调句型：It is/was not until.that.实战演练基础练透单句语法填空It is wi
48、th your generous help that I firmly believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.Id like to introduce my mother to you，because it is she who/that has a great effect on me.What was it that made his parents so happy?能力提升一句多译直到将近信的结尾她才提及了自己的计划。She didnt mention her own plan until n
49、ear the end of the letter.It was not until near the end of the letter that she mentioned her own plan.(强调句型)Not until near the end of the letter did she mention her own plan.实战贴士 (1)强调句型通常用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等，不能强调谓语。对句子的谓语动词强调时用“do/does/did动词原形”。(2)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法：把it is/was和that/who去掉，再把被强调部分归位到它本来的位置，句
50、子完整，则为强调句。授课提示：对应学生用书第86页教材与高考.阅读理解障碍词 1阅读词汇认知(2020高考全国卷)We will wander in traditional small towns and end our tour with an exceptional museum in Shanghai.vi.漫步(2017高考天津卷)During these waits，the brain slips away from the body and wanders about until the water runs over the edge of the counter and ont
51、o your socks.vi.走神(2015高考陕西卷)When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life，she did what comes naturally.vt.发现(2017高考浙江卷)At the start of this year，foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million.vi.总计(2019高考江苏卷)Explore the heights with Go Ape，th
52、e high wire forest adventure course，or journey beneath the earth at Pooles Cavern.n.探险2一词多义(2017高考天津卷)If you have written the wrong name in an email，it is best to apologise in a serious manner.A A方式 B礼貌C举止(2019高考北京卷)Im writing to give you a full account of my unforgettable experience in a farm work
53、programme. A A说明，理由B(数量上、比例上)占C账目D计算.语言运用高频点1语法填空(2020高考全国卷)Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US.(2019高考全国卷)Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money，but at that time these amounts (amount) were forbidding to most citizens.(2019高考全国卷)I would be grateful if y
54、ou could take my application into account.(2018高考江苏卷)Its strange that he should have taken the books without the owners permission (permit)(2018高考全国卷)Id like to share with you some relevant information about Chinese table manners (manner)2完形填空(2017高考江苏卷)However，one day，in the music class that was pa
55、rt of his schools standard curriculum，he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it easy to pick out tunes.With a sinking feeling，he realized that he actually enjoyed doing it.He tried to hide his obvious pleasure from the music teacher，who had 45 over to listen.ArunBjoggedCjumpedDwandered解析：音
56、乐老师已经踱步到了他的面前来听他弹奏。wander“漫步，徘徊，闲逛”，符合句意。答案：D(2016高考浙江卷)What brought about this astonishing change in me? The desert hadnt changed，but I had.I had changed my attitude.And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life.I was excited by this new world that I had discov
57、ered.I had looked out of my selfcreated prison and found the stars.AvacationBoperationCaffairDadventure解析：根据空处所在句的句意可知，作者把这次不愉快的经历变成人生中令人吃惊的冒险历程，所给选项中的adventure与该句中的experience相对应。答案：D.书面表达亮点练1(2020高考上海卷)如果天气允许的话，我们星期五要去郊野公园看露天音乐会。(permit)Well attend the openair concert in the country park on Friday,
58、 weather permitting.2(2018高考全国卷)我们学校有一个大的体育馆，无论我什么时候有时间就去那儿锻炼。(whenever)Our school has a big gymnasium, and I will go there for exercise whenever I have time.3(2016高考北京卷)正是他的不懈努力使得中国逐渐发生变化。(强调句型)It was his continuous efforts that caused China to change gradually.素养与落实用本单元词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文假定你是李华，准备给你校英
59、文报写一篇短文介绍你最喜欢的小说家。请根据下面提示介绍马克吐温。内容包括：马克吐温是美国19世纪最著名的作家之一，生于密苏里州，当过水手，喜欢写作；全世界读者都喜欢他的作品。Step 1补全要点句(黑体部分请利用本单元所学词汇)至于我最喜欢的小说家，肯定是马克吐温，他是19世纪美国最著名的作家之一。As for my favourite novelist，it must be Mark Twain，one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century.由于他在密苏里州被抚养长大，他的很多小说以他童年时期的水上冒险经历为
60、背景。Because he was brought up in Missouri，he set many of his novels in his childhood adventures on the river.长大后，他冒险去赚一大笔钱，结果却做了一段时间水手。After he grew up，he took a chance to seek a large amount of money，only to end up as a sailor for some time.令人难以置信的是，他发现自己喜欢当水手。It was unbelievable that he found himse
61、lf liking being a sailor.他这段作为水手的有趣经历是他成为一个成功小说家的原因。Such an interesting experience as a sailor accounted for his success as a novelist.他的小说幽默而生动，这是他和他的小说深受全世界读者喜爱的原因。(表语从句)His novels are humorous and lively，and that is why he and his novels are deeply loved by readers throughout the world.Step 2升级平淡句1利用非谓语动词作状语升级句Brought up in Missouri，he set many of his novels in his childhood adventures on the river.2利用强调句升级句It was such an interesting experience as a sailor that accounted for his success as a novelist.