1、题型综合练(六)一、阅读理解文体说明文题材社会文化If a woman has an extra piece of cake，dont blame it on greed，blame it on her brain.Scientists have found that womens brains react to food very differentlyand much more stronglythan mens.Academics found that decades of dieting pressure on women and advertising have programmed
2、 certain parts of the female brain to react strongly when faced with any kind of food.Men，on the other hand，are not usually as obsessive(着迷的)about what they eat.Dr.Rudolf Uher and his colleagues at the Institute of Psychiatry in Kings College London used brain scanning technology，known as functional
3、 magnetic resonance imaging(FMRI)，to look at the brains of 18 men and women.The volunteers were given images of food to look at，as well as food to taste.Their brain reactions were observed by the scientists.They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males.The same rea
4、ction did not happen when they were shown nonfood images.The team believe this means women think more about food than men tend to.Dr.Uher said，“This could be related to biological differences between men and women.But the more likely explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food
5、 because of social pressure.”Professor Carey Cooper，psychology and health professor at Lancaster University，said，“For centuries women have had a providing rolepreparing and cooking food for their families. And its part of that role to make sure the food is safe.They will therefore be much more sensi
6、tive to food than men are，and I would not be surprised if that was now built into their DNA.If the female brain reacts to food because it historically has developed neural(神经的)pathways to do this，then food will be the way they express their stress.Food actually，is a comfort for women.”But other expe
7、rts have said that more research must be done before the results can be proved.American scientist Angelo del Parigi of the John BPierce Laboratory in New Haven，Connecticut，said，“Looking at an FMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate(天生的)differences or a lea
8、rned process.”语篇解读本文为一篇说明文。如果一位女性想额外再要一块蛋糕，不要责怪她贪心，而要责怪她的大脑。科学家发现女性的大脑对食物的反应比男性强烈多了。1Dr.Uher and his colleagues carried out the research by comparing_.AFMRIs effectiveness on women and menBwomens and mens reactions to different imagesCvolunteers reaction to food before and after mealsDvolunteers rea
9、ction to different kinds of food解析：细节理解题。根据第四段The volunteers were given images of food to look at.，第五段They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males.及第六段第一句The same reaction did not happen when they were shown nonfood images.可知，厄舍博士和他的同事通过比较男性和女性在面对不同图片时大脑的反应是否一样而进行
10、研究。故B项正确。答案：B2In Dr.Uhers opinion，women react more strongly to food than men mostly because_.Athey are told to do so for a long timeBthey are influenced by advertisementsCthey are forced by powerful social influencesDthey are born to do so due to biological reasons解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的But the more like
11、ly explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food because of social pressure.可知，女性对食物有更复杂的反应很可能是因为社会压力。故C项正确。答案：C3According to Professor Carey Cooper，women_.Aturn to food when they feel sadBare stressed because of food safetyCaccept their social role from the heartDare satisfied
12、with preparing food for their families解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的.then food will be the way they express their stress.Food actually，is a comfort for women.可知，食物可以给女性带来安慰，因此，女性伤心难过时会吃东西。故A项正确。答案：A4What was Angelo del Parigis attitude toward the research results?ASurprised.BUninterested.CDoubtful.DCurious.解析：推
13、理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Looking at an FMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate differences or a learned process.”可知，帕里吉对厄舍博士的研究结果持有怀疑的态度。故C项正确。答案：C二、完形填空文体议论文题材社会文化Nowadays many people enjoy_1_activitieswalking，cycling or mountaineering.People often_2_the act of clim
14、bing high and tough mountains to be astonishing.Why are men and women_3_to suffer cold and hardship，and to_4_on high mountains？This astonishment may be caused by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activities to which men_5_their leisure time.There are no manmade rules，as there
15、are for_6_sports as golf and football.There are，of course，principles of different kinds.It would be dangerous if you_7_them.But it is this freedom from manmade rules_8_makes mountaineering attractive to many people.Those who climb mountains are free to choose their own_9_.If we_10_mountaineering wit
16、h other more familiar sports，we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a kind of_11_at all._12_，it is only our misunderstanding.There are no“matches”_13_“teams”of climbers，but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope which their lives may_14_，there is obvious team
17、work.A mountaineer knows that he may have to fight with natural_15_that are stronger and more powerful than man.A mountaineer_16_to improve his skill year after year.A skier has probably passed his best by the age of thirty，and most tennis champions_17_in their early twenties.But it is not_18_for me
18、n of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountain in the Alps.They may take more_19_to do that than younger men，but they probably climb more skillfully and with less effort，and they certainly experience equal_20_.语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。作者向我们介绍了登山运动的特点和人们喜爱此项运动的原因，并说明了登山运动给人们带来的益处。1A.physicalBeasyCdifficultDme
19、ntal解析：根据破折号后列举的三项运动walking，cycling和mountaineering可知，此处指的是“体力活动”。故选A项，physical意为“身体的”。答案：A2A.findBrespectCtreatDconsider解析：句意为：人们常认为攀登高山峻岭这种行为是十分惊人的。consider意为“认为”，符合此处语境。答案：D3A.scaredBwillingCafraidDsuitable解析：句意为：为什么男男女女(的登山者)愿意忍受严寒和重重困难，去高山上冒险呢？scared意为“受到惊吓的；感到害怕的”；willing意为“愿意的”；afraid意为“害怕的”；s
20、uitable意为“合适的”。根据句意应选B项。答案：B4A.have a breakBmake senseCtake a riskDlose weight解析：根据上下文推测，既然登山者愿意忍受严寒和困难，应该是主动去做。take a risk意为“冒险”，尤指明知道有危险也要主动去冒险。故选C项。答案：C5A.giveBhopeCdiscoverDreceive解析：give leisure time to sth.意为“把空闲时间用于某事”，符合语境，故选A项。答案：A6A.soBvariousCdifferentDsuch解析：句意为：登山运动不像高尔夫球和足球那样的运动有人为制订的规
21、则。such.as.意为“诸如之类的”，故选D项。答案：D7A.appliedBworriedCignoredDnoticed解析：句意为：如果忽视了这些原则，登山会很危险。ignore意为“忽视；不顾”，符合句意。答案：C8A.whichBthatChowDwhy解析：句意为：但是正是由于不受人为制订的规则的限制才使登山运动吸引了许多人。此题考查对强调句型的掌握。“It is被强调部分that/who其他”为强调句型。故选B项。答案：B9A.methodsBtraditionsCstylesDactivities解析：句意为：登山者们可以自由地选择他们自己的登山方法。method意为“方法”
22、；tradition意为“传统”；style意为“风格”；activity意为“活动”。根据句意选A项。答案：A10A.contactBrelateCreplaceDcompare解析：句意为：如果把登山运动和其他较熟悉的运动相比，我们可能会认为一个很大的不同在于登山根本不是一种团队合作运动。根据该空后面的one big difference可知，此处是把登山运动和其他运动作比较。compare.with.意为“把与作比较”，符合句意。答案：D11A.sportBworkCteamworkDgroup解析：根据下文的There are no“matches”_“teams”of climber
23、s.和第14空后的there is obvious teamwork的提示可知，应选C项。答案：C12A.OtherwiseBThereforeCFurthermoreDHowever解析：上文说人们可能会以为登山不需要团队合作；下文则说这只是人们的误解，事实上，登山也需要团队合作。因此上下文之间是转折关系，故选However。答案：D13A.betweenBwithinCfromDbeyond解析：句意为：登山“队伍”之间没有“竞争比赛”between意为“两者之间”，符合句意。答案：A14A.keep onBgo onCdepend onDfocus on解析：由语境和常识可知，登山者们的
24、生命可能依赖于一根绳索。keep on意为“继续”；go on意为“继续进行”；depend on意为“依靠”；focus on意为“集中注意力于”。故选C项。答案：C15A.stormsBforcesCenergiesDstrengths解析：句意为：登山者知道，他也许不得不与比人类更强大、更有力的自然力量作斗争。natural force意为“自然界的力量”。故选B项。答案：B16A.triesBwantsCcontinuesDdecides解析：句意为：登山者年复一年地提高自己的登山技能。根据该空后的year after year可知，此处应选表示“持续”的动词，故选C项。答案：C17A
25、.will beBareCappearDis解析：由于本文的基本时态为一般现在时，且此处的主语是复数champions，故选B项。答案：B18A.unusualBnormalCcommonDfrequent解析：根据A skier has probably passed his best by the age of thirty，and most tennis champions_in their early twenties.But.可知，此处转折表达的意思是：但是50岁或者60岁的人登上阿尔卑斯山脉的最高峰也是正常的。根据双重否定表示肯定可确定答案为A项。unusual意为“不寻常的”。答
26、案：A19A.giftsBmeansCbrainsDtime解析：根据下文but they probably climb more skillfully and with less effort.的转折可知，年迈的登山者比年轻的登山者会使用更多的时间。故选D项。答案：D20A.astonishmentBambitionCconcernDenjoyment解析：文章开篇用了enjoy一词，且全文介绍了登山运动的益处，最后应用enjoyment结尾，前后呼应，故选D项。答案：D三、语法填空文体夹叙夹议题材个人经历Music is one of the most important and powe
27、rful things in my life.1._(listen)to music can help motivate me in hard times.When I was younger，I didnt have the great love 2._music as I do now.I 3._(main)listened to what my parents were listening to.I didnt have much of care for musical compositions.Whether I was in the car，the house，4._anywhere
28、 else，there was sure to be some Beatles，Buddy Holly，or the Dubliners.Now as Im 5._(old)，I enjoy it as it allows me 6._(remember)my childhood.I believe music 7._(have)the ability to convey all sorts of feelings.The effect that music can have on our 8._(emotion)is unbelievable，as it can bring people t
29、o floods of tears or bursts of laughter.I believe music affects people in many different ways.To me，music is more than just 9._we listen to or play，its something to feel.In my life，it is music which is extremely important 10._brings me closer to my friends and family.I also feel that it helps me to
30、get through difficulties.语篇解读音乐是作者生命中最重要也是最强大的东西，在困难时刻它给予作者力量。1解析：考查非谓语动词。句意为：听音乐能帮我在困难时刻激发动力。作主语要用动名词，故填Listening。答案：Listening2解析：考查介词。句意为：我小的时候，不像现在如此热爱音乐。have love for sth.是固定搭配，意为“喜爱某物”。故填for。答案：for3解析：考查词性转换。句意为：那时候父母听什么我就主要听什么。修饰动词用副词，故填mainly。答案：mainly4解析：考查连词。句意为：不管我是在车里、家里还是任何其他的地方，一定少不了披头士
31、、巴迪霍利或都柏林乐团的音乐。whether.or.意为“不管是还是”，故填or。答案：or5解析：考查形容词比较级。句意为：现在年龄大了，我喜欢音乐是因为它让我想起了童年。这里不是指年老，只是与小时候相比，长大了。故填older。答案：older6解析：考查非谓语动词。allow sb.to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to remember。答案：to remember7解析：考查主谓一致。句意为：我相信音乐有传递各种情感的能力。主语music是不可数名词，故填has。答案：has8解析：考查名词单复数。句意为：音乐对我们情绪的影响是难以置信的，因为它可以让人痛哭流涕，也可以
32、让人开怀大笑。根据文中所描述的情绪不止一种可以推断，设空处用复数。故填emotions。答案：emotions9解析：考查名词性从句。句意为：对我来说，音乐不仅是我们听到的或演奏的，也是我们感受到的。表语从句中缺少主语，故填what。答案：what10解析：考查强调结构。句意为：在我的生命中，是音乐让我与朋友和家人更加亲近，音乐非常重要。句中去掉强调结构it is.that.，原句结构完整，这是一个强调句型。故填that。答案：that四、短文改错We should never give up when we fail.To my opinion，it is not easy to be su
33、ccessful.Challenges are a important part of your life as you grow up.And you wont necessary succeed in everything the first time you try.Thats okay.Some of the most successful people in the world are that whove had the most failure.J.K.Rowling，who wrote Harry Potter，had her first Harry Potter book w
34、as rejected 12 times before it was finally published.Michael Jordan was removed his high school basketball team.He lost hundreds of games and miss thousands of shots during her career.But he once said，“I have failed over and over and over again in my life.And thats because I succeed.”答案：We should ne
35、ver give up when we fail. my opinion，it is not easy to be successful.Challenges are important part of your life as you grow up.And you wont succeed in everything the first time you try.Thats okay.Some of the most successful people in the world are whove had the most .J.K.Rowling，who wrote Harry Pott
36、er，had her first Harry Potter book was rejected 12 times before it was finally published.Michael Jordan was removed his high school basketball team.He lost hundreds of games and thousands of shots during career.But he once said，“I have failed over and over and over again in my life.And thats I succe
37、ed.”第一处：ToIn考查固定搭配。in ones opinion是固定搭配，意为“在某人看来”。故将To改为In。第二处：aan考查冠词。单数可数名词前有以元音音素开头的形容词修饰，应用不定冠词an。故将a改为an。第三处：necessarynecessarily考查副词。修饰动词succeed应用副词。故将necessary改为necessarily。第四处：thatthose考查代词。根据语境可知，此处指那些失败最多的人，表示复数概念，应用those代替。故将that改为those。第五处：failurefailures考查名词单复数。根据下文所举的例子可知，failure此处指失败的
38、事，为可数名词，要用复数。故将failure改为failures。第六处：删除was考查非谓语动词。J.K.Rowling，had her first Harry Potter book rejected 12 times是have sth.done结构，过去分词rejected在句中作宾补。故删除was。第七处：removed后加from考查固定搭配。remove sb.from.意为“把某人从中开除”。根据语境可知，此处要加上from。第八处：missmissed考查动词的时态。连词and连接的是两个并列的谓语动词。故根据语境及句中的lost可知应将miss改为missed。第九处：herhis考查代词。此处仍然是指乔丹的体育生涯。故将her改为his。第十处：becausewhy考查名词性从句。上文提到很多成功的人都是经历了无数次失败才取得成功的，乔丹也是其中之一。他一而再，再而三地失败，这正是他成功的原因。因此表语从句应用why引导。故将because改为why。