1、Warming Up & Reading. 用恰当的单词补全语境1. a man having many good qualities一个有许多优良品质的人2. a mean and selfish businessman 一个吝啬自私的商人3. be active in activities 活动中(表现)活跃4. be generous in sharing things 慷慨地分享事物5. lasting and selfless love 永久无私的爱6. be devoted to his devoted career 致力于他深爱的事业7. some fundamental pri
2、nciples 一些基本原则8. a hard-working lawyer 一位努力工作的律师9. offer guidance to students 给学生提供指导10. acts of violence暴力行为11. vote their leaders 选举他们的领导人12. attack the enemy 袭击敌人13. found the first Republic 建立第一个共和国14. in a peaceful way 以一种和平的方式15. be willing to help others 乐意帮助别人. 选择下列加黑词组的汉语意思A. 失业B. 爆炸C. 求助于;
3、 致力于D. 事实上E. 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中F. 乐意做()1. Its a nice place. Weve stayed there ourselves, as a matter of fact. ()2. If you cant pay the bill, youre going to be in trouble. ()3. In that city, nearly one third of the population is out of work and they have nothing to do every day. ()4. With no one to tu
4、rn to in her difficult times, my mother felt bad. ()5. The company is willing to provide us with what we need. ()6. He was put in prison for trying to blow up a plane. 答案: 16. DEACFB. 完成句子1. It was a time when Asia led the world in civilization. 那是亚洲文明引领世界的时代。2. We students are at a stage where the
5、teacher doesnt want us to lose points. 我们学生正处在一个老师不希望我们丢分的阶段。3. I like to do things in a creative way which is different from everyone else. 我喜欢以不同于他人的而富有创造性的方法来做事。4. Only then did they fully understand what he meant. 只是在那时他们才完全明白了他说的是什么意思。5. It is no pleasure staying at home doing homework all day.
6、 整日待在家里做作业, 一点乐趣儿都没有。1. -ity为形容词转化为名词的后缀, 表示抽象的概念例如: equal+-ity equality n. 平等possiblepossibility n. 可能性responsibleresponsibility n. 责任probableprobability n. 可能性2. “in + 名词”构成的介词短语in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中in silence 沉默地in peace 和平地in surprise 吃惊地Task 1框架宏观建构: 整体理解Task 2文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列
7、问题。(1)Whats the main idea of the text? A. The life of black workers. B. The fight between Mandela and the white people. C. The story between Mandela and Elias. D. The education of Elias. (2)Why did Elias have to leave school? A. He didnt have a passbook. B. His home was far from the school. C. His f
8、amily couldnt afford the school fees. D. He couldnt read or write. (3)Nelson Mandela opened a black law firm in order to _. A. make moneyB. help the poor black people with their problemsC. make himself famousD. study law(4)How did Nelson Mandela help Elias keep his job? A. He talked with Elias boss.
9、 B. He helped him get the correct papers. C. He lent him some money. D. He asked him to go to court. (5)What dream did Nelson Mandela have? _答案: (1)(4)CCBB(5)To make black and white people equal. 2. 根据文章内容完成空格。Elias storyThe life of Elias before he met Nelson Mandela Elias was a poor black worker in
10、 South Africa. He lived (1)a difficult life and had very (2)little education. He couldnt continue his school because his family had no ability to offer the school (3)fees. He got a job in a gold mine. However, he had no (4)passbook to live in Johannesburg, so he might be out of (5)work at any time.
11、The change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela didThe day (6)when Nelson Mandela helped Elias was one of his happiest. With Mandelas help, Elias could (7)stay in Johannesburg, and became more hopeful (8)about his future. Elias joined the ANC Youth League, trying his best to he
12、lp Mandela (9)achieve their dream, which was to make black and white people (10)equal. 3. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。(1)译文: 遗憾的是我没有这个证件, 因为我不是在那里出生的, 我担心我是否会失业。(2)译文: 我们被置于这样一个境地: 要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实, 要么跟政府作斗争。Task 3阅读思维升华: 主题实践1. 结合课文主题, 回答下面问题。What qualities does Mandela have? He is helpful, warm-hearted and sel
13、fless. He was determined and devoted himself to making black and white people equal. 2. 根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。(1)她一直热爱(be devoted to)自己的工作, 虽然现在有些麻烦(in trouble)。(2)然而, 她根据既定原则(principle)处理了那个问题。(3)事实上(as a matter of fact), 她特别胜任(be equal to)这份工作, 因为在设计方面没人能比得上她(equal her in designing)。(4)也许有一天她会失业(ou
14、t of work), 但她不会向任何人求助(turn to)。She has been devoted to her work though she is in trouble now. However, she dealt with the problem on principle. As a matter of fact, she is quite equal to the job, because no one can equal her in designing. She may be out of work someday, but she will never turn to a
15、nybody. 1. mean adj. 吝啬的; 自私的; 卑鄙的*(2019全国卷) Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. 然后我进入少年、青少年时期, 遇到了刻薄的女孩和酷小孩。*Experts have found dogs dont like people who are mean to their owners. 专家们发现狗不喜欢对自己主人吝啬的人。*Even though they are rich, they are still mean with their money. 尽管富有, 他们仍
16、然对他们的钱很吝啬。【词块积累】 (1)be mean to sb. 对某人吝啬/自私/卑鄙be mean with/about sth. 对很吝啬(2)mean vt. 打算, 意味着, 意思是mean to do sth. 打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着做某事(3)meaning n. 意思, 意义 语法填空。(1)Just as a single word can change the meaning(mean) of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning(mean) of a paragraph. (
17、2)He said that he had meant to take (take) a taxi to school, but finally he went there on foot. (3)Dont be mean to him; after all, he is only a kid. (4)John, the well-known millionaire, was very mean about/with small sums of money. (5)Being a student means studying (study)hard. 2. devote vt. (与to连用)
18、献身; 专心于*A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others. 一个伟大的人是致力于帮助他人的人。*(2019天津高考)Because he loves the students and is devoted to work. 因为他爱学生, 并且对工作很投入。*Before the exam, I devoted myself to preparing for it. =Before the exam, I was devoted to preparing for it. 考试之前, 我努力做好准备。
19、【词块积累】 (1)devote time(money, energy, etc. )to (doing) sth. 把时间(钱, 精力等)献给(做)某事devote oneself to(doing)sth. =be devoted to (doing) sth. 献身于; 致力于(2)devoted adj. 忠实的; 深爱的(1)语法填空。He decided to devote the rest of his life to his scientific research. Every day she devotes much time to doing (do) the housew
20、ork. Since he is devoted (devote) to his research, he has no time to spend a weekend with his family. (2)She gladly gave up her part-time job to devote herself entirely to her art. 她欣然辞去了兼职工作, 全身心地投入到她的艺术中去。3. out of work 失业*Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there, and I worried about
21、whether I would become out of work. 遗憾的是我没有这个证件, 因为我不是在那里出生的, 我担心我是否会失业。*As soon as the factory was closed, he was out of work. 工厂一被关闭他就失业了。 *He was out of work because of a physical injury. 他因为受伤而失业了。【词块积累】 (1)out of a job = out of work失业(表示状态)=lose ones job失去工作; 失业(2)out of breath上气不接下气out of orde
22、r出故障out of control失控out of danger脱离危险 用out of+n. 结构的短语填空。(1)How could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months? (2)His computer is out of order and he will get it repaired. (3)He was seriously ill last month, but now he is out of danger. (4)By the time I got to th
23、e top of the hill, I was quite out of breath. 4. vote vt. &vi. 投票; 选举 n. 投票; 选票; 表决*Black people could not vote or choose their leaders. 黑人不能投票选举或选择他们的领导人。*They voted to choose a president. 他们投票选举总统。*We have voted him (to be) our monitor. 我们已经选他当班长。*Not all the people are willing to vote for the peo
24、ple who are eager to be the winners in competitions. 不是所有的人都愿意投票支持在比赛中渴望胜利的人。【词块积累】 (1)vote to do sth. 投票去做某事vote for/against投票赞成/反对vote on就投票(2)have a vote on就投票(1)在下列句中填入恰当的介词。People voted against Henry who often tells lies. Vote for the man you can trust. They will vote/ have a vote on policy iss
25、ues. (2)Then we voted to choose the monitor. 然后我们投票选举班长。5. attack vt. &n. 进攻; 攻击; 抨击; (疾病等的)侵袭 *We chose to attack the laws. 我们选择抨击法律。*Nian(Year) as an evil monster attacks humans on the eve of Chinese Lunar New Year. 年兽是一个在除夕夜攻击人类的邪兽。*He was attacked with disease; this was why he was absent. 他患病了,
26、这就是他没来的原因。*The newspapers made an attack on/upon the Prime Minister because of the new law. 由于这项新法令, 各报纸纷纷对首相进行抨击。*The city came under attack during the night. 城市在夜间遭到袭击。【词块积累】(1)be attacked with受到的侵袭; 患病(2) make an attack on/upon对发动攻击under attack遭到袭击; 遭到抨击a heart attack心脏病突发(2021全国乙卷)One afternoon,
27、 while attempting to get into bed she collapsed from what was eventually discovered to be a heart attack. 一天下午, 当她试图上床睡觉时, 她晕倒了, 最后被发现是心脏病发作。 语法填空。(1)He has been attacked with flu for three days. (2)The capital was under attack last week. (3)This kind of bird often makes an attack on/upon other kind
28、s of birds. (4)Outstanding Australians have attacked(attack) the government for inaction over climate change. 6. as a matter of fact 实际上; 事实上*As a matter of fact, I do not like violence. . . but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. 事实上, 我并不喜欢暴力但在1963年的时候, 我帮助他炸毁了一些政府大楼。*(2019浙江高考)
29、As a matter of fact, the quality of praise is more significant, which focuses on the kids effort rather than the outcome. 事实上, 表扬的质量更重要, 它关注孩子的努力而不是结果。【词块积累】in fact实际上; 事实上actually实际上; 事实上in reality实际上; 事实上(1)语法填空。He appeared calm in face of danger; as a matter of fact, he was very nervous. (2019天津高
30、考)Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. (2)As a matter of fact/In fact/Actually, the secret to a high salary is to spend a little more time and effort than others. 事实上, 获得高薪的秘诀就是比别人多费一点时间和努力。7. blow up 使充气; 爆炸*Can you lend me a pump to blow up my bicycle tires? 你能借我一个打气
31、筒给我的自行车轮胎打气吗? *The father was trying his best to blow up the balloon for the kid. However, the balloon blew up at last. 这位父亲正在尽最大努力为孩子吹气球, 然而最后气球爆了。(1)They decided to blow up the old bridge to build a new one. 为了建一座新桥, 他们决定把旧桥炸掉。(2)(2019江苏高考)At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up wi
32、th a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans. 在过去的某个时候, 黄石公园一定发生过一场远远超出人类所知范围的暴力事件。8. equal adj. 相等的; 平等的*(2019江苏高考)Not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive. 并不是每一个人都意识到野生动物有思想、有感情, 最为重要的是, 有同样生存的权利。*The rent was
33、equal to half his monthly income. 这租金相当于他半个月的收入。*Mary is quite equal to Bill in brains. 玛丽和比尔的智力不相上下。*Although it is important for them to have a better performance in the exam, health is equally important. 尽管对他们来说在考试中有更好的表现很重要, 但是健康同等重要。【词块积累】(1)be equal to. . . 胜任; 与相等be equal to. . . in. . . 与在方面
34、相等(2)equally adv. 均等地(3)equality n. 平等(4)equal vt. 比得上; 等于n. 同等的事物without equal无人可比, 无敌【熟词生义】Bill is quite equal to running the office. 比尔完全能够胜任管理这个部门的工作。(adj. 能胜任的)They who know the truth are not equal to those who love it, and they who love it are not equal to those who delight in it. 知之者, 不如好之者,
35、好之者, 不如乐之者。(比喻学习知识或本领, 知道它的人不如爱好它的人接受得快, 爱好它的人不如以此为乐的人接受得快。) (1)语法填空。(2019全国卷)Your personal circumstances are equally(equal) important. People will live together in peace and equality(equal) and the whole society will be a harmonious one. (2019浙江高考)To sum up, the praise should be equal to the amount
36、 of effort of the children. Not all men are equal to one another in ability. (2)They are equal to having the ability to vote to do what they want. 他们都有能力投票做他们想做的事。9. turn to 求助于; 致力于*Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? 为什么纳尔逊曼德拉会使用暴力来使黑人和白人平等? *More and more
37、 people turn to computer science. 越来越多的人致力于电脑科学。*In desperation, I turned to Franklin for help. 绝望中, 我向富兰克林求助。【词块积累】turn to sb. for help/advice 向某人寻求帮助/建议turn down关小; 拒绝turn in上交turn on打开(水、煤气、电灯等)turn off关上(水、煤气、电灯等)turn out结果是; 证明是; 生产出turn up开大; 出现 在下列句中填入恰当的介、副词。(1)(2019全国卷)Turn to an online ins
38、tructor for help. (2)(2019天津高考)The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. (3)The meeting has already begun, but the chairman hasnt turned up yet. 10. However, this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 然而, 在那个时候, 一个人要想住在约翰内斯
39、堡就非得要有身份证不可。【句式解构】该句为主从复合句。句中when引导了定语从句, 修饰先行词“a time”, 且when在从句中作时间状语。*This was a time when the two countries were at war. 那个时候这两个国家正在进行一场战争。*(2019全国卷)There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. 曾几何时, 人们可能会因为要一张单人桌而感到尴尬, 但那些日子已经一去不复
40、返了。(1)This is/was a time when. . . 这是一个的时期(2)There was a time when. . . 曾有一段时间(1)This was a time when people traveled in a carriage driven by horses. 在那个时候, 人们坐在马车里旅行。(2)There was a time when women were not allowed to go to school. 有一段时间, 妇女不被允许去上学。11. The last thirty years have seen the greatest nu
41、mber of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去30年来已见证, 大量的法律剥夺我们的权利, 阻挡我们的进步, 直到今天, 我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。【句式解构】(1)此句为主从复合句。句中where引导定语从句, 修饰先行词“a stage”, 且where在从句中作地点状语。(2)see在此处的主语为物, 意为“见证; 目睹”, 是一种拟人的用法, 可使语言变得生动。*The pas
42、t 30 years have seen the great changes that have taken place in my hometown. 过去30年已见证了, 在我的家乡发生了很大变化。*We just hope to reach a stage where both sides will sit down and talk together. 我们只是希望达到双方能坐下来一起谈判的阶段。(1) see, find等动词表示某地或某时“经历、发生、目睹”了某事, 可以使用一个无生命的名词作主语的句式。(2)当先行词是point, situation, stage, condit
43、ion和case等表示抽象地点的名词, 且引导词在从句中作地点状语时, 定语从句常用where来引导。(1)语法填空。(2019天津高考)Their child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences. (2)Dusk saw a little girl crying in the street. 黄昏时, 人们看见一个小女孩在街上哭。(3)You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately. 你可能遇到
44、一种情况, 一种你不得不立刻做出决定的情况。12. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到那个时候, 我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。【句式解构】该句为倒装句。Only+状语(副词/介词短语/从句)置于句首, 句子用部分倒装结构。*Only yesterday did his father tell him the truth, which was a big surprise. 昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他, 这对他来说, 真是一个令人吃惊的消息。*Only in this way can you solve this
45、 problem. 只有用这种方法, 你才能解决这个问题。*Only after Mary read her composition the second time did she notice the spelling mistake. 直到玛丽第二次阅读她的作文时, 她才注意到这处拼写错误。(1)Only when I left my parents for Italy did I realize how much I loved them. 只有当我离开父母去意大利时, 我才意识到我多么爱他们。(2)Only by shouting was he able to make people
46、on the other side of the river hear him. 他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。(3)(2019浙江高考)Only on special occasions would they take it out and let us hold it in our hands. 译: 只有在特殊的场合, 他们才会把它拿出来, 让我们拿在手里(把玩)。览时事晓天下1. It is necessary to construct and operate the four units with high quality and high standards, cr
47、eate a global benchmark in nuclear safety. 要高质量、高标准建设和运行好4台机组, 打造核安全领域全球标杆。2. Important progress has also been made in the China-UN joint project to set up in China a global humanitarian response depot and hub. 中国同联合国合作在华设立全球人道主义应急仓库和枢纽也取得了重要进展。3. Nationwide concern has been triggered by the escape
48、of three leopards from Hangzhou Safari Park, Zhejiang Province. 浙江省杭州野生动物园三只豹子出逃引发了全国关注。4. Party committees and governments at all levels should take responsibility and devote themselves to their duties. 各级党委和政府都要负起责任, 忠于职守。【要点拾遗】1. quality n. 质量; 品质; 性质*He has many good qualities, but his best qual
49、ity is his kindness. 他有许多良好的品质, 而最好的品质是为人善良。*(2019浙江高考)Experts say that the quality of praise is more important than the quantity. 专家说, 赞扬的质量比(赞扬的)数量更重要。*As a matter of fact, air in many cities is of poor quality. 事实上, 许多城市的空气质量很差。*There is no difference in quality between these goods. 在质量方面, 这些货物不会
50、有区别。【词块积累】of good/high/poor quality质量好的/高的/差的in quality在质量方面(1)quality 作“质量”讲时常用作不可数名词; 而作“品质”讲时多用作可数名词。(2)quantity与quality 形近意异, 意思为“数量”。(2020 江苏高考)For in-person humor, quality isnt as important as you might think. 对于面对面的幽默, 质量并不像你想象的那么重要。 语法填空。(1)Other services are different dramatically in qualit
51、y. (2)Products of this factory are of high quality. (3)He has presented many of his good qualities (quality) to us during his lifetime. 2. in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中*Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 伊莱亚斯在有麻烦时去见纳尔逊曼德拉。*Although Mike was in trouble, he didnt lose heart. 迈克虽然遇
52、到了麻烦, 但他并没有灰心。*The soldiers took the trouble to rescue the workers trapped in the mine. 士兵们不辞辛劳地营救被困在矿井中的工人。【词块积累】ask for trouble自找麻烦; 自寻烦恼get into trouble陷入困境make trouble惹是生非; 制造麻烦have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳地做某事语法填空。(1)We should lend a hand to thos
53、e people in trouble. (2)Do you have any trouble finishing (finish) the work on time? (3)He did not take the trouble to see (see) the film before he attacked it. . 单词拼写1. The man is too mean (吝啬的) to make a donation. 2. The company has to improve the quality (质量) of all its goods. 3. Do you know when
54、 the government was founded (成立)? 4. She takes a(n) active (积极的) part in school life. 5. All people are equal (平等的), having the same rights as each other. 6. I was a fairly good football player in my youth (青年时期). 7. China is playing an important role on the international political stage (舞台). 8. We
55、 must follow the principle (原则) that education should be fair to everyone. 9. It does serious harm to childrens character that too much violence (暴力) is shown on television. 10. Bill is a generous(大方的) person, who has given millions of dollars to help those people in the disaster-hit area. . 用适当的介词、
56、副词填空1. He has recently been out of work, so he wants to find something to do. 2. Its not that difficult. As a matter of fact, its quite easy. 3. They would like to help you, if you turn to them for help. 4. In many respects, Asian women see themselves as equal to their men. 5. I was going to vote fo
57、r him, but I changed my mind and voted for Reagan. 6. At school I was always in troublemy mind was never on my work. 7. When an animal is under attack, it can run away or fight back. 8. They offer practical guidance to people starting their own businesses. . 完成句子1. She devoted her whole life to help
58、ing homeless children. 她把毕生用来帮助无家可归的孩子。2. (2019全国卷)Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore, 74 percent, according to statistics from the report. 根据报告的统计数据, 只有在晚饭时间, 我们74%的人才会在一起吃饭。3. This is a time when one has to learn more about modern knowledge. 这是一个人人都不得不学习更多现代知识的时代。4. She was very sad because her mother was attacked with cancer. 她很伤心, 因为她的母亲得了癌症。5. They led a hard life then, for their father had been out of work for a whole year. 那时他们过着艰难的生活, 因为他们的父亲已失业一整年了。