1、Section Using Language & Assessing Your Progress.核心词汇1_ n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷2_ n. 垃圾；废物3enterprise n. _ 4_ n. (一)打；十二个5_ vt. 对处以罚款6_ n. 运动；战役；vi. & vt. 参加运动；领导运动7_ n. 水道；航道8_ vt. 忍受；包容；容许9_ n. 议程表；议事日程.拓展词汇1_ n烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)_ adj.有烟雾的2_ vi. & vt.起源；发源；创立_ n起源；源头_ adj.原来的，起初的，最早的3_ vt.恢复；使复原；修复_ n修复；整
2、修4_ n对(环境、文物等)保护；保持_ vt.保护；保存5regulation n_ vt.控制；管理；调节6_ n去掉；清除；处理_ vi. & vt.清除；处理7_ n检查；查看；视察_ vt.视察；检查.重点短语1_ 处理2_ 是的原因之一；捐助；有助于；给投稿；捐(款)给3_ 在轮船(或火车、飞机)上4_ 最终；结果5_ 许多；很多6_ 建立；安装7_ 实施；执行8_ 其实；实际上；在实施中.重点句型1Previously, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of
3、tourists, _frequently threw garbage into the river.之前，由于游客数量的不断增加，漓江的水质遭到了严重破坏，许多游客频繁往江中扔垃圾。2Water pollution levels increased, _ in the river.随着更多的生活和商业垃圾排入江中，水污染程度更加严重。3With these measures, _ the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.有了这些措施，人们相信漓江的美丽将会被保存下来，留给子孙后代。根据课文内容选
4、择正确答案Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.1Whats the passage mainly about?AThe beauty of the Li River.BWhat some tourists did led to the water pollution.CSome measures to reduce water pollution in the Li River.DThe ways to increase crop production.2What is the main idea of the secon
5、d paragraph?ASome tourists didnt care about the Li River.BWhat have caused water pollution in the Li River?CSome tourists threw garbage into the Li River.DThe local population rose rapidly.3Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?AThe chemicals have caused a decrease i
6、n the number of fish species.BThe reputation of the Li River has a negative effect on the rivers water quality.CThe media has a good effect on encouraging greater use of clean energy.DThe local government did nothing to protect the water quality in Li River.4We can learn from the last two paragraphs
7、 that _.Apeople can do nothing to reduce water pollution in Li RiverBtourists are not allowed to visit the Li RiverCthe local authorities never inspect the Li RiverDsome measures have been taken to reduce water pollution in Li River第一版块|重点词汇诠释1.contribute vt. & vi 捐献；捐赠；捐助；是的原因之一；增加；增进(为报纸、杂志等)撰稿，投稿
8、contribute sth. to 把某物捐献给；捐助某物给；给撰写某物contribute to 给捐款；给投稿有助于；是的原因之一We contributed 5,000 to the charity.我们向这个慈善机构捐赠了5 000英镑。Many children contributed their pocket money to the poor man.A writer wrote an article about it and contributed it to a local newspaper.许多孩子把他们的零用钱捐给了这个可怜人。一位作家写了一篇关于此事的文章并把它投到
9、了当地的一家报社。Honesty and hard work contribute to success and happiness.诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。Located where the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.江苏省坐落于“一带”和“一路”的交汇处，将为“一带一路”的建设作出更大贡献。Alcohol contributes to 100,000 deaths a year in the US.在美国，饮酒每年造成10万人死亡。即学即练单句语
10、法填空Having been an active _ (contribute) to our newspaper，he now writes a regular column on life as a Chinese teenager in the United States.Several factors contribute _ the air pollution, and we must take some measures that can make a valuable _ (contribute) to cleaning the air.In addition to world h
11、unger, some environmental problems human activities have contributed _ need to be solved soon.Take care during the holidays! Drinking too much can contribute _ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.We hope your suggestion will contribute to_ (solve) the problem.归纳拓展contributor n. 撰稿人；捐赠者；促成物co
12、ntribution n. C捐献物；贡献；投稿；捐款。常见搭配：make a contribution to 对作贡献2.address vt. 解决，处理；向说话；对发表演说；称呼(某人)；提出(陈述、投诉等)；写姓名和地址；n. 地址；演说，演讲address sb. as. 称呼某人为address oneself to 设法解决Police and government agencies have begun to make joint efforts to address the problem.警方和政府机构已开始共同努力处理这一问题。He is due to address a
13、 conference on human rights next week.他下星期将在一个大会上发表关于人权的演说。The letter was correctly addressed, but delivered to the wrong house.这封信的姓名地址写得都对，但被错投到另一家去了。即学即练根据汉语提示，用address的相关表达补全句子The more details you provide, the more likely it is we can interpret and _(解决这个问题)correctly.It is time we _ (设法解决)the ma
14、in item.You should _(称呼他)“Mr President”归纳拓展表示“解决处理”的单词和短语还有：handle, deal with, solve, dispose。3dozen n. (一)打；十二个dozens of 很多，许多(后接可数名词复数形式)two/three/. dozen(名词) 两/三/打()by the dozen 成打地A dozen or so cars were parked near the entrance.大约12辆车停在入口附近。They must have drunk heavilythere were dozens of empty
15、 beer bottles lying around when we entered the room.他们一定喝得烂醉，当我们进入房间的时候，满地都是空酒瓶。The number of deaths in this car accident has risen to more than two dozen.这起车祸中的死亡人数已上升到24人以上。Eggs in the shopping centre are sold by the dozen.购物中心的鸡蛋按打出售。即学即练单句语法填空I have decided to buy two _ (dozen) of those wonderfu
16、l gifts for the children.To gather materials for my lectures, I had to read through dozens _ the books on economics.特别提醒(1) dozen前有数词或者具有数词意义的词，如：a，many，several，some，a few等修饰限制时，dozen要用单数形式，后面接可数名词复数，且名词前通常无需用介词of。I bought three dozen eggs yesterday.我昨天买了三打鸡蛋。(2)表示“部分与整体”的关系时，dozen即使是单数形式，也要加of，这时of
17、后面多是一个加有限定词(如：these，those，the，my，Toms等)的复数名词或代词。I want two dozen of these soup spoons.我想买这些汤匙中的两打。I want two dozen of them.我要它们中的两打。4fine vt.对处以罚款；n.C罚金，罚款；adj.高质量的，美好的；(天气)晴朗的；健康的；(指行为、建议、决定)可接受；adv.可以接受；很好；能行fine.(for sth./for doing sth.) (因某事/做某事)对处以罚款a fine of. 的罚款I was fined thirty dollars for
18、speeding.我因超速驾驶被罚款30美元。The judge fined him heavily.法官对他处以巨额罚款。You must pay a fine of 200 yuan if you park your car in the wrong place.你如果停车停错了地方，就必须缴200元的罚款。Jim has made a fine job of the garden.吉姆把花园拾掇得漂漂亮亮。I hope it stays fine for the picnic.我希望野餐那天还是晴天。I was feeling fine when I got up this mornin
19、g.今天早上我起床时感觉很舒服。Bob wants to know if he can come too.鲍勃想知道他是否也能来。Thats fine by me.我认为没问题。That arrangement suits me fine.那种安排对我很合适。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子In March, the court fined a merchant $7.5 million _ selling fake bags.According to the contract, if we cant meet the deadline, we shall pay _ (10 000美元的罚金)
20、The police _ (因为我闯红灯罚了我100美元)yesterday.5.in effect 在实施中，有效；实际上，事实上bring/put.into effect 实行，实施，使生效come into effect 生效，开始实施take effect 生效，开始实施；开始起作用have an effect on. 对有影响The decision was taken yesterday and will remain in effect until further government instructions.该决定于昨天作出，在政府有进一步指示前将一直有效。The two s
21、ystems may seem different，but in effect，they are almost identical.这两种系统可能看起来有所差别，但实际上，它们几乎完全一样。即学即练单句语法填空They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect _ the feeling of a space.It is said that the recommendations will be put _ effect next year.The new timeta
22、ble comes _ effect in November.Are you feeling tired after a long walk?Not a bit. _ effect, I feel quite relaxed.语境助记The new laws and regulations came into effect. Now, they are beginning to take effect. In effect，they have an effect on peoples life in many ways.新法规开始实施了。现在它们开始起作用了。事实上，它们在很多方面影响着人们的
23、生活。6.tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许tolerate doing sth. 忍耐做某事tolerance n. 宽恕；忍耐tolerant adj. 宽容的；容忍的This sort of behavior will not be tolerated here.这种行为在这里是不被容忍的。She cant tolerate being called a liar. 她不能容忍被叫作撒谎者。She had no tolerance for jokes of any kind.她容不得开任何玩笑。He has a very tolerant attitude towards othe
24、r religions. 他对其他宗教持非常包容的态度。即学即练单句语法填空Nobody can tolerate _ (laugh) at in public.As leaders, they need to be _ (tolerate) of different points of view.Billy is on the side of the angels when it comes to racial _ (tolerate) .联想拓展表示“忍受，容忍”的词和短语：tolerate，bear，stand，put up with。第二版块|重点句型剖析1(教材P32)Previou
25、sly, water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly from an increasing volume of tourists, many of whom frequently threw garbage into the river.之前，由于游客数量的不断增加，漓江的水质遭到了严重破坏，许多游客频繁往江中扔垃圾。本句中使用“名词/代词/数词/形容词最高级等介词关系代词”引导定语从句。在“名词/代词/数词/形容词最高级等介词关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，先行词为物时，关系代词为which；但若先行词为人，则关系代词用whom；若关
26、系代词在从句中作定语，则关系代词用whose。Here are some problems put up at the meeting, most of which are about education and health.这是会上提出的一些问题，其中大部分是关于教育和健康的。Maria has written two novels, both of which have been adapted for television series.玛丽亚写了两部小说，都被改编成了电视连续剧。There are three girls in the room, the tallest of who
27、m is Toms sister.屋子里有三个女孩，其中最高的那个是汤姆的姐姐。特别注意非限制性定语从句和并列句的区别：有无并列连词。Mr Smith made a lot of money, most of which was spent helping the poor.(非限制性定语从句)Mr Smith made a lot of money, and most of it was spent helping the poor.(并列句)史密斯先生赚了很多钱，其中大部分都用来帮助穷人了。即学即练单句语法填空The journey around the world took the ol
28、d sailor nine months, the sailing time _ which was 226 days.Bill invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _ are family members.He wrote a lot of novels, but none of _ was translated into a foreign language.The worldfamous director, three of _ movies won Oscar Awards, is reported to have retir
29、ed.He wrote a lot of novels, none of _ were popular.Its the same with his wife. She wrote many plays, but none of _ was a success.2(教材P32)Water pollution levels increased, with more household and commercial waste ending up in the river.随着更多的生活和商业垃圾排入江中，水污染程度更加严重。(教材P33)With such campaigns in effect,
30、 Chinas waterways are heading towards a clean and sustainable future.随着这些行动的展开，中国的水资源正朝着清洁和可持续的未来迈进。with的复合结构with复合结构的基本组成为：with宾语宾补(adj./adv./n./介词短语/doing/done/to do)。with的复合结构在句中作状语或定语。I like sleeping with the windows open.我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.他去世时，他的女儿还是个学生。The te
31、acher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.老师走进了教室，手里拿着一本书。With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace.在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到王宫。With my homework finished，I can go out to play.我的作业完成了，我可以出去玩了。With things that he needed bought, he left the supermarket happily.买好了他需要的东西，他开心地离开了超市。With no one t
32、o talk to，John felt miserable.由于没有可以说话的人，约翰感到很痛苦。即学即练单句语法填空Dont sit with your feet _ (point) at another person.With so many exams _ (take), students are having a hard time.He lay on the bed, with his face _ (cover) by a newspaper.With so many people _ (communicate) in English every day, it is very i
33、mportant to have a good knowledge of English.3(教材P33)With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.有了这些措施，人们相信漓江之美将会为后代保留下来。“Itbe过去分词that.”句型该句型中，It是形式主语，that引导的从句是真正的主语，that仅起连接作用，不作成分。(1)常用于此句型的过去分词(短语)有believed，said，reported，thought,
34、 hoped, suggested, known, estimated, proved, pointed out等。It is generally believed that a good education is beneficial to young people.(人们)通常认为良好的教育对年轻人是有益的。It is reported that the mayor will visit our school next week.据报道，市长下周要来参观我们学校。(2)该句型可转换为“Sb./Sth.be过去分词不定式”句型。据说瑜伽对人们的健康有益。It is said that yog
35、a is of great benefit to peoples health.Yoga is said to be of great benefit to peoples health.归纳拓展it作形式主语的其他句型当不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句在某个句子中作主语时，为保持句子结构的平衡，避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语置于句首，而将真正的主语放在句尾。此时it只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。it作形式主语的常用结构有：Itbe形容词to do sth./从句It was pretty hard for him to bring up the child on his own.独自抚
36、养那个孩子对于他来说很难。在主语从句中用来表示重要、惊奇、惋惜、建议、请求、命令等语气时，要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“(should)do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary/important/natural/vital/essential/strange that.It is a pity/a shame that.It is suggested/requested/proposed/desired that.Itbe名词词组to do sth./从句It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film yesterday.你昨天没去看那部电
37、影真遗憾。Isnt it a good idea to have a walk around?出去走走难道不是一个好主意吗？Itseems/appears/happens/occurs to sb./.从句It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much.他似乎非常喜欢流行歌曲。即学即练单句语法填空It is no use _ (argue) about this matter with him.It will take him a whole day _ (get) to the top of the mountain on foot.It is cer
38、tain _ free medical care will be given to most people in our city._ will take you a lot of time to find him in the crowd.He is thought _ (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.The potato _ (think) to have been brought to England from the New World in the 17th cent
39、ury by Sir Walter Raleigh although it is believed _ the French invented the fried potato chips.单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)1The young man was asked to help plan Labours election c_.2The Danes have environmental issues high on their _(议事日程)3The cost per household for the collection and _ (处理) of household rubbish
40、is $50 a year.4The union has proposed new _ (规章制度) to control the hours worked by its employees.5It turned out that the steel industry accounted for only ten per cent of the _ (雾) in the city.6It takes a long time to _(使复原) the garden to its former beauty.单句语法填空1Every effort was made to get peace _
41、(restore)to the area.2The little boy couldnt tolerate _ (laugh)at in public.3The young man _ (fine) by the police felt ashamed of himself.4Word came that the new stadium was under _ (inspect) then.5Every weekend there are dozens _ football and basketball games on television.6Doing volunteer work can
42、 contribute to _ (increase) your sense of confidence and satisfaction with life.7The government fined the man 200 yuan _ threatening public safety.8He has told me that _ effect he would not cancel peace talks under any circumstances.9Chinas _ (amaze) performance has greatly affected the worlds econo
43、mic output.课文语法填空 When it comes to traveling in Chinas Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, the Li River is one of the destinations tourists wont miss. However, with the number of tourists increasing, the rivers water 1._ (pollute). Some tourists 2._ (frequent) threw garbage into the river. Kitchens on
44、 the tour boats were using lots of oil, 3._ was often thrown into the water. Besides, more chemicals were used 4._ (increase) crop production, 5._ (cause) water quality issues and a decrease in the number of fish species. These problems made the local officials worried about the natural environment.
45、 They felt 6._ urgent to take action to restore the rivers original beauty. The waste water treatment facilities have been constructed, which has helped improve the water quality and water 7._ (conserve). 8._ (dozen) of polluting enterprises were closed or moved. Whats more, the local government set
46、 up strict regulations regarding further industrial development. So far new rules have been introduced regarding tour boat routes and garbage disposal methods. With these measures, it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will come back soon. What is the most amazing is that the “Water Ten Pla
47、n” is now tackling water pollution across the country. With such campaigns 9._ effect, Chinas waterways are heading towards a clean and 10._ (sustain) future.Section Using Language & Assessing Your Progress新知感知自学导引.核心词汇1volume2.garbage3.公司；企业；事业4.dozen5.fine6.campaign7.waterway8.tolerate9.agenda.拓展词
48、汇1smogsmoggy2.originateoriginoriginal3.restorerestoration4.conservationconserve5.章程，规章制度regulate6.disposaldispose7.inspectioninspect.重点短语1deal with2.contribute to3.on board4.end up5.dozens of6.set up7.carry out8.in effect.重点句型1many of whom2.with more household and commercial waste ending up3.it is b
49、elieved that文本研析语篇理解1C2.B3.D4.D核心突破互动探究第一版块|重点词汇诠释1contributortocontributiontotosolving2address the problemaddressed/should address ourselves toaddress him as3dozenof4fora fine of 10,000 dollarsfined me 100 dollars for running the red light5onintointoIn6being laughedtoleranttolerance第二版块|重点句型剖析1ofwh
50、omthemwhosewhichthem2pointingto takecoveredcommunicating3arguingto getthatItto have actedis thoughtthat课时达标随堂自测.单词拼写1campaign2.agenda3.disposal4.regulations5.smog6.restore.单句语法填空1restored2.being laughed3.fined4.inspection5.of6.increasing7.for8.in9.amazing.课文语法填空1was polluted2.frequently3.which4.to increase5.causing6.it7.conservation8.Dozens9.in10.sustainable