1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern hero重点单词巧记. 核心单词1. beg vi. 请求; 乞求2. found vt. 建立; 建设3. sentence vt. 判决; 宣判 4. equal adj. 相等的; 平等的5. generous adj. 慷慨的; 大方的6. attack vt. 进攻; 攻击; 抨击7. qualityn. 质量; 品质; 性质8. escapevi. &vt. 逃脱; 逃走; 避开9. rewardn.
2、报酬; 奖金vt. 酬劳; 奖赏10. votevi. &vt. 投票; 选举n. 投票; 选票; 表决11. principle n. 法则; 原则; 原理12. meanadj. 吝啬的; 自私的; 卑鄙的13. terrorn. 恐怖; 可怕的人; 恐怖时期; 恐怖活动14. livelihoodn. 生计; 谋生15. quote n. 引用语; 语录. 拓展单词1. guide v. 指导guidance n. 指导; 领导2. cruel adj. 残忍的; 残酷的cruelty n. 残忍; 残酷3. legal adj. 法律的; 依照法律的illegal adj. 非法的4.
3、 willing adj. 乐意的; 自愿的willingness n. 自愿, 乐意5. peace n. 和平peaceful adj. 和平的; 平静的; 安宁的6. violent adj. 暴力的; 猛烈的 violence n. 暴力; 暴行7. educate vt. 教育; 训练 educated adj. 受过教育的; 有教养的education n. 教育8. active adj. 积极的; 活跃的actively adv. 积极地; 活跃地activity n. 活动9. devote vt. 献身; 专心于devoted adj. 忠实的; 深爱的devotion n
4、. 奉献, 献身, 忠诚10. self n. 自我; 自身selfish adj. 自私的selfless adj. 无私的; 忘我的selflessly adv. 无私地; 忘我地核心短语闪记1. in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中2. out of work失业3. as a matter of fact事实上4. set up设立; 建立5. be willing to do. . . 愿意做某事6. turn to求助于; 致力于7. lose heart丧失勇气或信心8. come to power当权; 上台9. be sentenced to被判处(徒刑)1
5、0. blow up使充气; 爆炸经典句式速记1. 【句型公式】: where引导定语从句The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have no rights at all(我们几乎什么权利都没有). 2. 【句型公式】: when引导定语从句However, this was a time when one had got to have a passboo
6、k(一个人必须要有身份证) to live in Johannesburg. 3. 【句型公式】: only加状语位于句首的倒装句Only then did we decide to (只有到这个时候, 我们才决定)answer violence with violence. 4. 【句型公式】: the first time引导时间状语从句I felt bad the first time I talked to a group(第一次给旅行团做讲解时). 1. 后缀-ance高频名词guidance指导; 领导 tolerance宽容; 容忍 ignorance无知; 愚昧 signifi
7、cance意义; 重要性 appearance出现2. “in+n. ”短语荟萃in trouble在困境中 in danger处于危险中 in order井然有序 in place在适当的位置 in peace平静地; 平安地. 细品味经典文章(2020天津高考)After years of observing human nature, I have decided that two qualities make the difference between men of great achievement and men of average performance: curiosity
8、 and discontent. I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either. And I have never known an average man who had both. The two belong together. Together, these deep human urges(驱策力)count for much more than ambition. Galileo was not merely ambitious when he dropped objects of varying weights f
9、rom the Leaning Tower at Pisa and timed their fall to the ground. Like Galileo, all the great names in history were curious and asked in discontent, “Why? Why? Why? ”Fortunately, curiosity and discontent dont have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them. “The great man, ” s
10、aid Mencius(孟子), “is he who does not lose his childs heart. ”Yet most of us do lose it. We stop asking questions. We stop challenging custom. We just follow the crowd. And the crowd desires only the calm and restful average. It encourages us to occupy our own little corner, to avoid foolish leaps in
11、to the dark, to be satisfied. Most of us meet new people, and new ideas, with hesitation. But once having met and liked them, we think how terrible it would have been, had we missed the chance. We will probably have to force ourselves to waken our curiosity and discontent and keep them awake. How sh
12、ould you start? Modestly, so as not to become discouraged. I think of one friend who couldnt arrange flowers to satisfy herself. She was curious about how the experts did it. Now she is one of the experts, writing books on flower arrangement. One way to begin is to answer your own excuses. You haven
13、t any special ability? Most people dont; there are only a few geniuses. You havent any time? Thats good, because its always the people with no time who get things done. Harriet Stowe, mother of six, wrote parts of Uncle Toms Cabin while cooking. Youre too old? Remember that Thomas Costain was 57 whe
14、n he published his first novel, and that Grandma Moses showed her first pictures when she was 78. However you start, remember there is no better time to start than right now, for youll never be more alive than you are at this moment. . 按要求完成任务1. 写出文章中描写人物品格的单词和短语。curiosity; discontent; outstanding;
15、ambition; ambitious; calm; restful; discouraged; human urges2. 用一句话写出本文大意。Men of great achievement must own two qualities: curiosity and discontent, which we were born with them and need only recapture. . 重点词汇1. quality n. 质量; 品质; 性质adj. 优质的【教材原句】And what qualities does a great person have? (P33)伟大的
16、人会有什么样的品质? 【词块必记】be of good/bad quality 品质好/坏be of high/poor quality 优质/劣质in quality在质量方面【语境速测】 单句语法填空They concluded that the goods were of good quality and proved no problem. A beginners painting cant be compared to that of an expert. It is very different in quality. 同义句转换 Our products are good in
17、quality, and the price is low. Our products are of good quality, and the price is low. 2. devote vt. 献身; 专心于【典型例句】Devoting herself to teaching instead of performing, she eventually became a well-accepted teacher. 把精力投入教学而不是表演中, 她最终成为一个广受欢迎的老师。【词块必记】(1)devote. . . to. . . 把奉献于; 把专注于devote oneself to
18、献身于; 致力于(2)be devoted to. . . 专心于, 奉献于【语境速测】 单句语法填空Neighbors devoted their spare time to helping (help) others rebuild their houses. Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we be devoted (devote) to building a harmonious society. 【写作金句】 Song Qingling devoted all her life to Chi
19、nese revolution and construction. 宋庆龄一生致力于中国革命和建设事业。【知识拓展】devote. . . to. . . 中的to为介词, 后跟名词或动名词。类似的短语还有: look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事; object to doing sth. 反对做某事; get down to doing sth. 开始认真做某事; pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事; be/get used/accustomed to doing sth. 习惯于做某事3. equal adj. 相等的; 平等的;
20、 胜任的vt. 等于n. 同等的人【教材原句】But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. (P34)但是我很高兴去帮忙, 因为我知道它可以帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。【词块必记】(1)be equal to (doing) sth. 等于/胜任(做)be equal in在方面比得上(2)equal sb. /sth. in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事上比得过、敌得过某人/物(3)equally
21、 adv. 相等地; 同等地; 公平地【语境速测】 语段填词Men and women should be treated equally(equal); if a woman can equal a man in doing something, we can say that she is equal to the job. 单句语法填空With his last jump he equalled (equal) the world record. Diet and exercise are equally (equal) important. 【写作金句】 It is taken for
22、 granted that everyone is equal before the law. 法律面前人人平等, 这是理所应当的。【知识拓展】表示“胜任”的短语be up tobe fit forbe qualified forbe adequate to4. escape vi. &vt. 逃脱; 逃走; 避开; 被忘记 n. 逃脱【教材原句】It was a prison from which no one escaped. (P38)它是一个没有人能逃出去的监狱。【词块必记】(1)escape from/out of. . . 从逃脱escape (doing) sth. 逃避(做)某
23、事(2)a narrow escape 死里逃生(3)escaped adj. 逃脱的【语境速测】 单句语法填空More than once he had a narrow escape from being eaten by sharks. He is lucky to escape from being punished/punishment(punish). He was on the track of an escaped(escape) criminal. 完成句子It was an actor whose name escaped me for the moment. 那个男演员的
24、名字我一时想不起来了。5. reward n. 报酬; 奖金 vt. 酬劳; 奖赏【教材原句】They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks. (P38)他们说在新南非政府就职及其酬劳是对我终生为黑人争取平等权利的奖赏。【词块必记】(1)as a reward (for. . . ) 作为(对的)报酬/奖赏in reward for为酬谢; 作为对的奖励
25、 (2)reward sb. for sth. 因某事而奖赏某人 reward sb. with sth. 用某物/某事回报某人【语境速测】 单句语法填空Her parents offered a lot of money as a reward for anyone who could amuse her. It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work. 完成句子When youve done a good deed, you will always be rewarded with that warm f
26、eeling. 你做了善事时, 就会获得那股暖流作为回报。【写作金句】 Chinese cultural values reward those who promote harmonious exchange. 中国的文化准则奖励那些促进和睦交流的人。. 核心短语6. turn to求助于; 致力于; 翻到; 开始从事; 转向【教材原句】Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal? (P35)为什么纳尔逊曼德拉诉诸武力让黑人和白人平等? 【词块必记】【语境速测】 写出黑体部分的含义Sh
27、e used to turn to her aunt for help when she found herself in trouble. (求助于)If you turn to Page 40, you will find this cartoon. (翻到)Go down the street and turn to the left; youll see the theatre. (转向)It was time to turn to building their own lives. (开始从事)【写作金句】 He is the person to whom you can turn
28、for help when you are in trouble. 他是你在遇到麻烦时, 可以寻求帮助的人。. 经典句式7. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只有到那个时候, 我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。【典型例句】Only when thousands of flowers bloom together can spring be considered here. 万紫千红才是春。Only when you devote yourself to what you are doing can you make p
29、rogress. 只有当你投身于你所做的事情, 你才能取得进步。【句型公式】only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时, 句子需要部分倒装。其结构为: only+状语+助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+其他。【语境速测】 完成句子Only in this way can the world maintain peace and stability, and a more brilliant future be created for mankind. 唯有如此, 世界才会维持和平与稳定, 人类才能走向更加辉煌的未来。Only if we understand them pro
30、perly will we be able to/can we get to the core of the matter. 只有对它们真正地理解了, 我们才能深入事物的核心。Only when agriculture is fully developed can industry have sufficient materials and markets. 只有农业全面发展了, 工业才会有足够的原料和市场。【备选要点】1. opinion n. 意见; 看法; 主张【典型例句】We were invited to give our opinions about how the work sh
31、ould be done. 我们应邀就如何开展工作提出意见。【语块必记】in ones opinion根据某人的看法ask ones opinion of sth. 征求某人对的意见【语境速测】 单句语法填空What is your opinion of the effectiveness of this form for evaluating managers? The draft in its present form may still have faults and imperfections, and we shall have to ask the people throughou
32、t the country for their opinions(opinion). 2. vote vt. &vi. 投票; 选举; 表决; 提议n. 投票; 选票; 表决【典型例句】Well listen to the arguments on both sides and then vote on it. 我们将先听取双方的论点, 然后再表决。【词块必记】(1)vote for投票赞成vote against投票反对 vote on就投票表决(2)put. . . to the vote把付诸表决; 裁决【语境速测】 单句语法填空This program is a live TV sho
33、w, so you can call the station directly to vote for your favorite singer. The politician was deeply hurt when many of his former supporters voted against him. 同义句转换We had no choice but to put it to the vote. We had no choice but to vote on it. (vote)3. in trouble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中【典型例句】Ive been in tr
34、ouble since I was eleven years of age. 我从11岁起就麻烦不断。【词块必记】get into trouble陷入困境; 惹麻烦get sb. into/out of trouble 使某人陷入/摆脱困境 take the trouble to do sth. 不怕费事尽力做某事 have trouble (in) doing sth. /with sth. 做某事有困难【语境速测】 单句语法填空He never gets into trouble by thinking of his own idle pleasures. Its worthwhile t
35、aking the trouble to explain (explain)a job fully to new employees. 同义句转换Please dont hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have difficulty with your study. No matter when you have trouble (in) studying/with your study, please dont hesitate to ask for our help. (trouble)4. lose heart丧失勇气或信心; 灰
36、心; 泄气【典型例句】He appealed to his countrymen not to lose heart. 他呼吁自己的同胞不要丧失信心。【词块必记】lose ones heart to sb. 爱上某人put ones heart into 一心扑在上learn sth. by heart背诵; 记牢【语境速测】 单句语法填空As little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart. 完成句子There is an old saying that
37、 goes like this“Nothing is too hard if you put your heart into it. ”有句老话是这样说的, “世上无难事, 只怕有心人”。5. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利, 阻挡我们的进步, 一直
38、到今天, 我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。【典型例句】We are in a stage where its still too early to say who will win the most votes and become the new president. 我们处在一个说谁会赢得最多选票并且当选新总统还为时尚早的阶段。【句型公式】 定语从句where引导的定语从句可修饰抽象地点名词, 如point, stage, case, situation, condition, position, environment, activity, race, job, scene, sys
39、tem等。【误区释疑】当先行词stage, occasion等表示时间且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语时, 用when引导。The stage when he is preparing for his study is really important. 【语境速测】 单句语法填空It means that it can go into any situation where peace is fragile or conflict is possible. 完成句子After graduation she reached a stage in her life where she needed
40、 to decide what to do. 毕业后她面临人生中需要决定做什么的处境。They live in a family where they can express themselves freely. 他们生活在可以自由表达自己观点的家庭里。Its helpful to put children in a situation where they manage everything all by themselves. 把孩子放在一个自己能完全处理所有事情的环境中是有帮助的。Will you please give us a case where the word can be u
41、sed? 请你给我们举一个使用这个单词的实例好吗? . 单句语法填空1. (2020全国卷)Regardless of the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted(devote) to his job. 2. (2020全国卷)And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and hopefully (hopeful)presents. 3. (2020全国卷)Turn to a page in your journal to your list
42、 of strengths and achievements. 4. (2020江苏高考)In rural areas, where ambulances can take a relatively(relative)long time to arrive, the phone boxes have taken on a lifesaving role. 5. (2020天津高考)He convinced the police department to allow him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local p
43、arks. . 完成句子1. The teacher has devoted her whole life to the educational cause. 这位老师把她的一生奉献给了教育事业。2. Among them 16 voted for the reform and 10 voted against it. 其中有16票赞成改革, 10票反对。3. She was rewarded the Nobel Peace Prize for fighting for equality for ordinary people. 她为普通人民争取平等而被授予诺贝尔和平奖。4. This org
44、anization mainly took charge of the relief work. 这个组织主要负责救灾工作。5. Only then did I realize the importance of learning English. 只有在那时我才明白学习英语的重要性。. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)What are the 1. qualities (quality) of a great person? Active, generous, selfless, 2. devoted (devote), hard-working or willing to help ot
45、hers? What is your opinion? Sun Yat-sen founded 3. the first Republic in China based on three principles. Gandhi fought for freedom in a 4. peaceful (peace) way. Mandela worked as an educated lawyer to offer legal guidance to the poor black people 5. in trouble or out of work. He believed all are bo
46、rn equal and should be treated 6. equally (equal), so everyone shouldnt lose heart. But the black suffered cruelty and terror, and even reached a stage 7. where many begged for food from their relatives. He set up the ANC Youth League. He 8. was (be) hopeful about equal rights but failed. He decided
47、 to answer 9. violence (violent) with violence. In 1964, he was sentenced to prison for life on Robben Island where no one could escape but he came to power as president in 1994. Also he 10. was rewarded (reward) with the Nobel Peace Prize. . 话题与阅读理解(2018全国卷阅读理解C)While famous foreign architects are
48、invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts, many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage. Their efforts have been proven fruitful. Wang Shu, a 49-year-old Chinese archite
49、ct, won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prizewhich is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architectureon February 28. He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award. Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art(CAA). His office is located at the Xiangshan camp
50、us (校园)of the university in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are his original creations. The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities. Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types. The curves (曲
51、线)of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, forming a unique view. Wang collected more than 7 million abandoned bricks of different ages. He asked the workers to use traditional techniques to make the bricks into walls, roofs and corridors. This creation attracted a lot of attenti
52、on thanks to its mixture of modern and traditional Chinese elements(元素). Wangs works show a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. Through such a balance, he had created a new type of Chinese architecture, said Tadao Ando, the winner of the 1995 Pritzker Prize.
53、 Wang believes traditions should not be sealed in glass boxes at museums. “That is only evidence that traditions once existed, ”he said. “Many Chinese people have a misunderstanding of traditions. They think tradition means old things from the past. In fact, tradition also refers to the things that
54、have been developing and that are still being created, ”he said. “Today, many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing on Chinese traditions. Many people tend to talk about traditions without knowing what they really are, ” said Wang. The study of traditions shoul
55、d be combined with practice. Otherwise, the recreation of traditions would be artificial and empty, he said. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了建筑师王澍的情况, 他是中国第一个获得普利兹克建筑奖的人, 这个奖项被称为“建筑界的诺贝尔奖”。他把中国传统的文化元素融合到现代建筑上, 得到了国际建筑界的认可。1. Wangs winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are _. A. following the lates
56、t world trendB. getting international recognition C. working harder than ever beforeD. relying on foreign architects【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中 Their efforts have been proven fruitful. 以及 He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award. 可知, 他们的努力证明是卓有成效的, 他是第一个获得这个奖项的中国公民。由此可以判断, 王澍能够获得2012年普利兹克建筑奖, 是得到了国
57、际上的认可。故正确答案为B。2. What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most? A. Its hilly environment. B. Its large size. C. Its unique style. D. Its diverse functions. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知, 这座建筑的风格完全不同于国内其他校园的风格, 它的曲线完美地配合了山丘的起伏, 形成了独特的景观, 这个独特的风格让参观者感到惊讶, 故正确答案为C。3. What made Wangs architectural d
58、esign a success? A. The mixture of different shapes. B. The balance of East and West. C. The use of popular techniques. D. The harmony of old and new. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第六段内容可知, 王澍的作品表现出了对现代建筑和传统知识的深刻理解, 通过这种平衡, 他创建了一种新型的中国建筑。由此可以判断出, 他之所以成功, 是因为他找到了新旧之间的和谐, 故正确答案为D。4. What should we do about Chinese t
59、raditions according to Wang? A. Spread them to the world. B. Preserve them at museums. C. Teach them in universities. D. Recreate them in practice. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中 The study of traditions should be combined with practice可知, 传统的风格应该与实践相结合。故正确答案为D。【微技能点拨】关注语义转换巧解细节理解题命题特点: 选项中往往使用与原文近义、反义或同范畴的词语表
60、达, 利用同义变换、句式转换、概念解析、归纳事实、正话反说等方式体现。答题关键: 正确理解文章中的词语或句子, 在选项中找到与之意义相等、相似或相反的词语或句子。以第2题为例, 解题策略如下: Step 1根据题干定位信息点: impressed visitorsStep 2确定选项中关键词与文中关键词的关联: 选项中的unique style对应文中的unique viewStep 3对比选项找最佳: 尝试解答C。【语用提能】话题词汇fruitful; award; complex, abundant; curve; mixture; element; seal短语win the Pritz
61、ker Architecture Prize; form a unique view; a good knowledge of; have a misunderstanding of; focus on; tend to【微语法填空】(2018全国卷阅读理解C改编)阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinese 1. internationally(international) famous architect Wang Shu won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize, 2. which is often re
62、ferred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture on February 28. He is 3. the first Chinese citizen 4. to win(win) this award. Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art(CAA). His office 5. is located (locate) at the Xiangshan campus (校园)of the university in Hangzhou,
63、 Zhejiang Province. Many buildings on the campus are 6. his(he)original creations and the curves (曲线)of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills, 7. forming (form)a unique view. Wangs works show 8. a deep understanding of modern architecture and a good knowledge of traditions. He bel
64、ieves traditions should not 9. be sealed(seal) in glass boxes at museums. On the contrary, the study of 10. traditions(tradition) should be combined with practice. . 话题与写作(2018浙江11月高考)阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all
65、start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园) like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find th
66、e time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one. Th
67、eres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that wont be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out! If campus visits arent going to happen
68、 before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools youd like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you dont like about certain campuses, things that you wouldnt know unle
69、ss you actually visit. Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at College Week Live. Its a chance to chat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors(顾问), and it wont cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair
70、 at collegeweeklive. com. While visiting an online college fair cant take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities youd like to attend. _1. 通读全文, 确定体裁, 明确主题体裁
71、: 议论文主题: 探访心仪大学2. 定位主题句和关键词, 变换表达方式Its a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply. (词性转换)Its really worthwhile to pay a visit to your desired colleges personally before applying. Theres no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. (正话反说)Undoubtedly, you should visit your local c
72、olleges. If campus visits arent going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools youd like to attend. (同义转换)At least, you should visit the school you want to attend in advance. Now, if time and mon
73、ey are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at College Week Live. (句式转换, 动名词作主语)If you are short of money and time, visiting the online college fairs is a good alternative to help you better understand schools. Step 2妙笔成篇Its really worthwhile to pay a visit to your desired c
74、olleges personally before applying. Undoubtedly, you should visit your local colleges, which may be included in applications. At least, you should visit the school you want to attend and know its real conditions in advance. If you are short of money and time, visiting the online college fairs is a g
75、ood alternative to help you better understand schools. 阅读填句(2021南宁模拟)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Team BuildingAlmost no one can get away from“teams” that are supposed to be able to create something that is greater than the sum of its parts. There are five measures that need to be taken
76、 before you can get the most out of a team: 1There must be a clear reason for the team to exist. And all the members should realize the value and significance of their functions. What they are hoping to achieve should be something achievable but at the same time tough and inspiring enough to attract
77、 the members and keep their motivation alive. Open Communication2 For example, they may discuss a sensitive topic. Should they keep their conclusion within the team or share it with other employees? In the case, any individual voice is by no means a sure thing. So an honest discussion is expected to
78、 make sure all the members agree on. Respect to All Team MembersIt is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones. 3 People that have nothing to contribute should not have been selected for the team in the first place. Since they have become members
79、 of your team, you need to make sure that each of them has an opportunity to add his or her thoughts to discussions. Conflict SolvingDisagreements are natural and, in fact, heated debate should be encouraged. 4 Consequently, there should be rules on how lengthy disagreements should be handled. For e
80、xample, team meetings may not be the most appropriate place for a dispute that involves only two people, so “under-the-table” method may be effective. Leadership5 A good organizer should be able to play to individuals strengths and help them overcome their weaknesses. He must be skilled in motivatin
81、g people, sharing responsibility and providing constructive feedback on how the tasks went. Successful team working is marked by how confidently each of its members completes his or her assigned tasks with a sense of achievement and pride. A. Measuring Progress against Goals. B. Common Goals with Ch
82、allenging Target. C. Most high-performing teams are well organized. D. This is not only discouraging, it also makes no sense. E. A team made up only of“yes men” can make disastrous decisions. F. Choose a role on the team that is best suited to your particular strengths. G. Team members must be able
83、to express their opinions freely without fear of being criticized. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了充分发挥团队潜力之前需要采取的一些措施。1. 【解析】选B。该段提到: 团队的存在必须有明确的理由。所有成员都应该认识到其功能的价值和意义。他们希望实现的目标应该是可以实现的, 但同时要足够艰难和鼓舞人心, 以吸引成员, 让他们保持动力。因此, 该段主要提到的就是一个团队要有共同的目标, 同时这些目标还要有一定的难度, 还要能鼓舞人心。结合选项, B选项(共同的目标和具有挑战性的目标)表达此意。故选B。2. 【解析】选G。空
84、后提到: 例如, 他们可能讨论一个敏感的话题。他们应该在团队中保留自己的结论, 还是与其他员工分享? 在这种情况下, 任何个人的声音都不是必然的。因此, 需要进行坦诚的讨论, 以确保所有成员都同意。结合所给例子和该段小标题(公开的交流)可知, 空处仍然要表达“鼓励团队成员表达自己的看法, 进行坦诚的讨论”这个意思。结合选项, G选项(团队成员必须能够自由地表达他们的意见, 而不害怕被批评)表达此意。故选G。3. 【解析】选D。空前提到: 人们很容易认为, 一个资历较浅的团队成员可能比经验丰富的团队成员贡献更少。而该段标题为: 尊重所有的成员。那么, 空处应该表达对空前所提想法的驳斥。结合选项, D选项(这不仅令人沮丧, 而且毫无意义)符合语境。故选D。4. 【解析】选E。空前提到: 分歧是自然的, 事实上, 应该鼓励激烈的辩论。空后提到: 因此, 应该有一些关于如何处理冗长的分歧的规定。该空承上启下, E选项(一个仅由唯唯诺诺的人组成的团队可能会做出灾难性的决定)符合语境。故选E。5. 【解析】选C。空后提到: 一个好的组织者应该能够发挥个人的长处, 帮助他们克服弱点。空处引起下文, 应该提到和“组织”有关的内容。结合选项, C选项(大多数高绩效的团队都组织得很好)符合语境。故选C。关闭Word文档返回原板块