1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 5First aid主题: 人与自我子话题: 健康生活与饮食对应教材: 必修3Unit 2Healthy eating; 必修5 Unit 5First aid; 选修6 Unit 3A healthy life; 选修7 Unit 1Living well重点单词巧记. 核心单词1. aidn. & vt. 帮助; 援助; 资助2. mildadj. 轻微的; 温和的; 温柔的3. tightadj. 牢的; 紧的; 紧密的 4. firmadj. (动作)稳
2、定有力的; 坚定的5. ceremonyn. 典礼; 仪式; 礼节6. swellvi. &vt. (使)膨胀; 隆起7. temporaryadj. 暂时的; 临时的8. vitaladj. 至关重要的; 生死攸关的9. symptomn. 症状; 征兆10. pressure n. 压力; 挤压; 压迫(感)11. squeezevt. &vi. 榨; 挤; 压榨12. pourvt. &vi. 倒; 灌; 注; 涌13. complex adj. 复杂的14. unbearable adj. 难以忍受的; 不能容忍的. 拓展单词1. injury n. 损伤; 伤害 injure vt.
3、 伤害2. bleed (vi. & vt. )流血 bleeding n. 流血blood n. 血3. poison n. 毒药; 毒害 vt. 毒害; 使中毒 poisonous adj. 有毒的4. variety n. 变化; 多样(化); 多变(性) various adj. 各种各样的 vary v. 变化5. bravery n. 勇敢; 勇气brave adj. 勇敢的6. treat vt. & vi. 治疗; 对待; 款待 n. 款待; 招待treatment n. 治疗7. apply vt. 涂; 敷; 搽; 应用; 运用 vi. 申请; 请求; 使用; 有效appl
4、ied adj. 实用的, 应用的application n. 申请applicant n. 申请人8. pressure n. 压力; 挤压; 压迫(感)press v. 压; 按9. swell vi. &vt. (使)膨胀; 隆起 swollen adj. 肿胀的10. mild adj. 轻微的; 温和的; 温柔的mildly adv. 轻微地; 温和地核心短语闪记1. fall ill生病2. electric shock触电; 电休克3. squeeze out榨出; 挤出4. over and over again反复; 多次 5. in place在适当的位置; 适当6. a
5、number of 若干; 许多7. put ones hands on找到8. first aid急救9. make a difference 起(重要)作用; 有影响; 区别对待10. get burned 烧伤经典句式速记1. 【句型公式】: be doing sth. when 正在做某事的时候, 突然John was studying(正在学习) in his room when(这时) he heard screaming. 2. 【句型公式】: if necessary是if it is necessary的省略形式; unless是连词, 意为“除非; 如果不”。Remove
6、clothing using scissors if necessary(如果有必要) unless(除非) it is stuck to the burn. 3. 【句型公式】: Theres no doubt that. . . “毫无疑问” There is no doubt that(毫无疑问) Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life. 1. 以-ure结尾的高频小词小结 signature签名 exposure暴露; 揭发 pleasure乐事, 快
7、乐 mixture 混合 failure 失败2. 与first aid相关的高频词汇集锦 injuryn. 损伤, 伤害 bleed vt. &vi. 放血, 流血 choke vt. &vi. (使)噎住; (使)窒息 poisonn. &vt. 毒药; 使中毒 treat v. 治疗. 细品味经典文章As we all know, having a knowledge of first aid can make a difference in our daily life. If a traffic accident happens and someone is injured, the
8、 following steps can be used to treat the injured. In the first place, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe so that we wont get hurt. We should ask the injured person if he is OK, and see if he is breathing. Whats more, we should check for cuts and wounds. For a simple cut, it is only
9、 necessary to wash the area of the cut, dry it and cover it with a piece of dry clean cloth. If he is bleeding badly, it is vital that we should try to stop the bleeding by applying pressure to the injury. This is because if a person loses too much blood, he may die. If necessary, take the injured p
10、erson to the hospital as soon as possible. Do remember: when giving first aid, please be sure to place the person in a recovery position. . 按要求完成任务1. 写出文章中与“急救”相关的单词和短语。first aid; injured; treat; get hurt; check for cuts and wounds; cover; bleed; apply pressure to the injury; blood; recovery positio
11、n2. 需要进行急救的时候, 第一步需要确认什么? In the first place, we should make sure that the accident scene is safe so that we wont get hurt. . 重点词汇1. aid n. & vt. 帮助; 援助; 资助【教材原句】First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. (P33)急救指的是在找来医
12、生之前对突然生病或受伤的人的一种临时帮助形式。 【词块必记】(1)do/offer/give/perform/carry out first aid to sb. 对某人进行急救with the aid of sb. =with sb. s aid在某人的帮助下in aid of为了援助(2)aid sb. in sth. /doing sth. 在某方面帮助某人aid sb. with sth. 以某事/物帮助某人aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事【语境速测】 单句语法填空I aid the poor girl in continuing (continue) her st
13、udy. They were accused of aiding him to escape(escape). With the aid of our English teacher, we have made great progress this term. Father Poole walked painfully, with the aid(aid) of a stick. 一句多译上大学期间我帮助他做研究。I aided him to do his research while I was at college. (aid sb. to do. . . )I aided him in
14、 doing his research while I was at college. (aid sb. in doing. . . )I aided him with his research while I was at college. (aid sb. with. . . )2. vital adj. 至关重要的; 生死攸关的; 生气勃勃的; 必不可少的【典型例句】If we are to make a difference in life, its vital that we (should) begin with small things. 如果我们要想在生活中发挥作用, 重要的一
15、点就是我们应该从小事开始。【词块必记】be vital to/for对是重要的It is vital to do. . . 做是重要的It is vital that. . . (should) do. . . 重要的是vitally adv. 极其; 绝对vitality n. 生命力; 活力; 热情【语境速测】 单句语法填空Enough sleep is vital for/to the students well-being and health. As far as Im concerned, it is vital to keep (keep) accurate records. L
16、esleys career in the church is vitally(vital) important to her. Over the years, to modernize the companys production structure is full of vitality(vital)and famous. 3. treat vt. &vi. 治疗; 对待; 款待 n. 款待; 招待【教材原句】John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands. (P38)约翰用这些疗法来治疗斯莱德女士手
17、上最严重的伤。【词块必记】treat sb. as. . . 把某人当看待treat sb. with. . . 以方式对待某人treat sth. seriously认真对待某事/某物treat sb. /oneself to用款待某人/自己Its my treat. 我请客。treatment n. 治疗; 处理; 待遇under treatment在治疗中【语境速测】 单句语法填空Police say theyre treating it as a case of attempted murder. It was summer, and my dad wanted to treat me
18、 to a vacation like never before. Weve got to treat people with respect and dignity. After years of regular treatment(treat), she finally became healthy. Treated(treat) in a proper way, the patient was likely to be saved. 翻译句子这个经理正在接受一种罕见的皮肤病的治疗。The manager is being treated for a rare skin disease n
19、ow. . 核心短语4. make a difference区别对待; 有影响; 起(重要)作用【教材原句】It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference. (P38)它表明, 急救知识真的有实际意义。【词块必记】(1)make a difference to对有作用/有影响make some/no/little difference (to. . . )(对)有些/没/几乎没作用或影响(2)tell the difference (between. . . and. . . )辨别/区分(与)It makes
20、 no difference to sb. 对某人来说是没有关系的【语境速测】 单句语法填空His words make no difference to him, for he is quite stubborn. Does it make any/a difference whether she will come to our party? The twins are so alike; its difficult to tell the difference(different) between them. 完成句子Even if it is a small thing, it cou
21、ld still make much difference to the environment. 即使是一件小事情, 也可以使环境大大改观。. 经典句式5. John was studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在房间里学习, 突然听到了一声尖叫。【句型公式】be doing. . . when. . . 正在做, 这时突然when在此句中为并列连词, 意为“就在这时, 恰恰在这时”, 多用于下列句型: (1)be doing. . . when. . . 正在做这时(2)be about to do. . . when. . .
22、 正要做这时(3)had just done. . . when. . . 刚做了这时(4)be on the point of doing. . . when. . . 正要做这时【语境速测】 单句语法填空 We were discussing(discuss) the problem when there was a power failure. He was about to go out when the telephone rang. 完成句子She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practis
23、e playing the piano yesterday. 昨天她刚刚完成作业这时母亲叫她练习弹钢琴。【备选要点】1. apply vt. 涂; 敷; 搽; 应用; 运用 vi. 申请; 请求; 使用; 有效【教材原句】He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived. (P38)他通过向伤口施加压力来减缓出血, 直到警察和救护车赶到。【词块必记】apply. . . to. . . 把运用到中; 把涂到上apply oneself to致力于; 集
24、中精力于apply to. . . 适应/适用apply (to. . . ) for. . . (向)申请applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请; 申请书; 适用【巧学助记】The applicant applied himself to applying for a post for teaching applied chemistry, saying that he would apply what he had learnt to his teaching. 这位申请人专心于申请一份教应用化学的工作, 并且说他会把他所学到的应用到他的教学中去。【语境速测】
25、单句语法填空Over the years, he has applied himself to improving(improve) the living conditions of the migrant workers. He has applied to the school for a scholarship and his application is under discussion. The new technology, if applied(apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output. We must
26、 apply(apply) what we have learned to our daily work because in no case should theory be separated from practice. Similar arrangements apply to students who are ordinarily resident in Scotland. Id appreciate it if you could take my application(apply) into account at your convenience. 句式升级If you appl
27、y yourself to the job in hand, youll soon finish it. Applying yourself to the job in hand, youll soon finish it. (用现在分词短语作状语改写句子)Applied to the job in hand, youll soon finish it. (用过去分词短语作状语改写句子)2. pressure n. 压力; 挤压; 压迫(感)【典型例句】Exercise will not only lower blood pressure but possibly protect agains
28、t heart attacks. 锻炼不仅会降低血压, 而且可能对心脏病有预防效果。【词块必记】pressv. 挤, 压put pressure on sb. (to do sth. )对某人施加压力(迫使其做某事)under pressure在压力之下, (液体或气体)受压力under the pressure of. . . 在的压力下high/low pressure高/低压【语境速测】 单句语法填空Is he suffering from pressure(press)of life? It was done under the pressure of the necessity. T
29、he birth of the twins put pressure on them to find a bigger flat. 完成句子She does not give up despite the pressure from her mother. 尽管她的妈妈给她很大压力, 但她依然不会放弃。How can anyone enjoy the pressures of city life? 怎么会有人喜欢都市生活的压力呢? 3. stick to粘在上【教材原句】Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck
30、 to the burn. (P34)除非衣服粘在烧伤面上, 否则衣服都要脱掉。若需要的话, 可用剪刀。【词块必记】be stuck in陷入; 卡住cant stick doing sth. 不能忍受做某事stick out for 坚持要求stick out 突出; 伸出; 显眼【语境速测】 单句语法填空He got the key stuck(stick) in the lock. She finds it difficult to stick(stick) to a diet. If you stick to the truth, you will have nothing to fe
31、ar. 完成句子Once a decision has been made, all of us should stick to it. 一旦做出一个决定, 我们都应该坚持它。4. in place在适当的位置; 适当 【教材原句】Cover the burned area with a dry, clean bandage that will not stick to the skin. Hold the bandage in place with tape. (P35)用不会粘在皮肤上的干燥、清洁的绷带盖住烧伤的区域。用胶带将绷带固定到位。【词块必记】out of place不合适; 不在
32、恰当的位置in place of代替in the first place首先; 第一take place发生take ones place就座; 就职; 代替take the place of代替; 取代【语境速测】 用place短语填空Youd better put things back in place. Otherwise, it will be difficult to find them. Some of these books are out of place, making the whole room messy. We want another girl in place
33、of her. We want another girl to take the place of her. 一句多译我将代替李老师给你们上课。I will give you lessons in place of Mr Li. I will take the place of Mr Li to give you lessons. 5. unless引导条件状语从句 【教材原句】Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. (P34)除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上, 否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的
34、话, 可用剪刀。【知识拓展】(1)unless除非, 如果不, 引导一个肯定的条件状语从句, 从句有时可与if. . . not引导的否定状语从句互换。(2)unless引导的条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来意义, 主句多用一般将来时。(3)在unless引导的条件状语从句中, 主语和部分谓语有时可以省略。【误区释疑】条件状语从句: unless 从句遵循if 从句主将从现和主现从现的情况。【语境速测】 单句语法填空We will go hiking unless it rains tomorrow. Unless he approves of our proposal, he will b
35、e forced to leave the company. 完成句子We cannot understand a disease unless we understand the person who has the disease. 若不了解患者我们就不能了解疾病。You wont make friends with them unless you care for the people under great pressure. 除非你关心那些处于巨大压力下的人, 否则你不会和他们成为朋友。句式改写I want you to keep working unless I tell you
36、to stop. (用if从句改写)I want you to keep working if I dont tell you to stop. I wont attend the meeting unless Im invited. (改为省略句)I wont attend the meeting unless invited. 6. if possible如果可能的话【教材原句】If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible. (P35)如果烧伤的部位在手臂或腿部, 尽可能地把手臂或腿抬到
37、高于心脏的位置。【句型公式】if possible如果可能的话, 是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式, 相当于if it is possible。【知识拓展】If so如果有; 如果这样的话If not 如果没有; 如果不是这样的话If necessary如果必要的话【语境速测】 完成句子Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? Yes, if possible(如果可能的话), Im going to visit some homes for the old in the city. I hear Alice was
38、badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital. If so(如果这样的话), we should go and see her immediately. 【文化金句】If you focus on results, you will never change. If you focus on change, you will get results. 执于结果, 无以为变; 执于改变, 终成正果。. 单句语法填空1. (2020天津高考) Lets say you are at the airport, and the little bo
39、y on the seat next to you is humming (哼唱)a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. 2. (2020江苏高考)If I hadnt been faced with so many barriers (barrier), I wouldnt be where I am. 3. (2018全国卷)If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will pr
40、event them from turning brown. 4. (2018江苏高考)Moth, meanwhile, after an initial struggle, found his symptoms (symptom)were strangely reduced by their daily tiring journey. 5. (2020全国卷)Landing on the moons far side is extremely(extreme)challenging. . 完成句子1. Treated in time, some diseases are not danger
41、ous at all. 如果治疗及时, 一些疾病一点也不危险。(过去分词作状语; treat)2. You will never gain success unless applying yourself to your work. 除非你全身心投入你的工作, 否则你永远不会获得成功的。(省略形式; apply)3. It is vital that we (should)get on/along well with people around us. 重要的是我们应与我们周围的人好好相处。(it作形式主语; vital)4. I was walking in the street when
42、I suddenly saw an old man fall off his bicycle. 我正在街上散步, 突然看到一位老人从自行车上摔了下来。(be doing. . . when. . . )5. Get up early tomorrow. If not, you will not catch the first bus. 明天早点起床。如果不早起的话, 你就赶不上第一班公交车。(省略句)语法填空(2019全国卷)On our way to the house, it was raining 1. hard that we couldnt help wondering how lo
43、ng it would take 2. (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 3. dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4. _ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 5. _ (recom
44、mend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard. When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 6. (compete)to watch, together with the story behind it. The
45、y also shared with us many 7. (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were 8. _ (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay, we 9. _ (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 10. _ (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting loca
46、ls. 【文章大意】本文为记叙文。本文主要讲述了“我们”在回家路上遇到大雨以及后面的经历。1. 【解析】so。考查固定搭配。根据空格后的hard以及其后的that从句可知此处为so+adj. /adv. +that从句结构, 故填so。2. 【解析】to get。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知how long it would take. . . 为宾语从句, 其中包含着it would take sb. +时间+to do不定式结构, 表示做某事花费多少时间, 故填to get。3. 【解析】of。考查介词。a pack of为固定搭配, 表示“一群”, 故填of。4. 【解析】who。考
47、查定语从句。分析句子结构可知_had great experience with caring for these animals为定语从句, 修饰先行词masters, masters为人, 故填who。5. 【解析】recommended。考查时态。根据and可知所填词语与前面的shared构成并列谓语结构, 故填recommended。6. 【解析】competition。考查名词。根据空格前的interesting可知此处填名词形式, 故填competition。7. 【解析】traditional。考查形容词。根据空格后的stories可知此处填形容词形式, 故填traditiona
48、l。8. 【解析】hugely。考查副词。根据空格后的popular可知此处填副词形式, 故填hugely。9. 【解析】were invited。考查时态与语态。本文通篇以一般过去时为主, 故此处填过去时形式; 且根据空格后的to attend可知此处主语we与invite之间为被动关系, 构成sb. be invited to do sth. 结构, 故填were invited。10. 【解析】listening。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知句子中已经出现了谓语动词, 且空前没有连词, 故所填词语为非谓语动词形式, 且与其逻辑主语we之间为主动关系, 故用现在分词形式作伴随状语, 故
49、填listening。此题也可根据后面meeting可知此处所填词语与meeting之间构成并列的伴随状语。【易错误区】(1)误导原因: 9题和10题, 考生容易分不清楚谓语动词与非谓语动词, 尤其是10题的listening, 是非谓语动词作伴随状语。(2)去伪存真: 第一步, 找动词, 找句子主干we were invited to attend a private concert确定谓语动词与非谓语动词。第二步, 确定动词时态语态invite时态语态; 非谓语动词所作成分以及与逻辑主语的关系伴随状语且主动。第三步, 确定invite以及listen的形式, 注意规范书写。核心素养崇尚健康
50、生活, 掌握一般的急救知识, 关注自身安全高考链接2020全国卷阅读理解C、阅读填句; 2020浙江高考读后续写; 2019全国卷阅读填句; 2018全国卷完形填空; 2018全国卷阅读理解B; 2018全国卷阅读理解C; 2018全国卷阅读填句. 话题与阅读理解(2021四川模拟)Microplastics are everywhere in our environment. Its hardly surprising that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. A new study shows that American
51、s are consuming as many as 121, 000 particles each year. Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, including large plastics that break down into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common existence of these materials within
52、 the human body, as well as their impact on human health. Hoping to fill in some of these gaps, a research team led by Kieran Cox, a PhD candidate at the University of Victoria, looked at 26 papers assessing the amount of microplastics in commonly consumed food items, among which are seafood, sugars
53、, salts, honey, alcohol and water. The team also evaluated the potential consumption of microplastics through inhalation(吸入)using previously reported data on microplastic concentrations in the air and the Environmental Protection Agencys reported respiration rates. Based on these data, the researche
54、rs calculated that our annual consumption of microplastics via food and drink ranges from 39, 000 to 52, 000 particles. When microplastics taken in through inhalation are taken into account, the range jumps to between 74, 000 and 121, 000 particles per year. The authors of the study found that peopl
55、e who drink exclusively from plastic water bottles absorb an additional 90, 000 microplastics each year, compared to 4, 000 among those who only consume tap water. “This shows that small decisions, over the course of a year, really matter and have an impact. ” Cox says. The new study, according to i
56、ts authors, was the first to investigate “the accumulative human exposure” to microplastics. But in all likelihood, the research tells only a small part of the entire story. Collectively, the food and drink that the researchers analyzed represent 15 percent of Americans caloric intake. The team coul
57、d not account for food groups like fruits, vegetables and grains because there simply is not enough data on their microplastic content. For those worried about microplastic consumption, cutting down bottled water is a good place to start. But to the heart of the problem, we have to stop producing an
58、d using so much plastic. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒。1. What makes it difficult to know microplastics commonly exist in the human body? A. The quality. B. The quantity. C. The shape. D. The size. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。The quality质量; The quantity数量; The shape形状; The size大小。要弄清楚是什么让我们很难知道微塑料颗粒普遍存在于人体内
59、, 可根据第二段中Measuring 50 to 500. . . within the human body(微塑料颗粒的长度在50到500微米之间, 有多种来源, 包括可以分解成越来越小碎片的大型塑料)”可知, 微塑料颗粒的大小让我们很难知道它们普遍存在于人体中, 故D项正确。2. How did Kieran Coxs team calculate the potential consumption of microplastics? A. By studying papers. B. By comparing the impacts. C. By analyzing the data.
60、 D. By conducting experiments. 【解析】选C。分析判断题。By studying papers. 通过研究论文; By comparing the impacts. 通过比较影响; By analyzing the data. 通过分析数据; By conducting experiments. 通过进行实验。本题是问Kieran Cox的团队是如何计算微塑料的潜在消耗量的, 短文第三段The team also evaluated. . . food and drink ranges from 39, 000 to 52, 000 particles. Kier
61、an Cox的研究小组还利用先前报告中的空气中微塑性物质浓度数据和环境保护署报告的呼吸速率, 评估了吸入过程中微塑料的潜在消耗量, 根据这些数据, 研究人员计算出, 我们通过食品和饮料每年消耗的微塑料颗粒从39000到52000不等。由此可知, Kieran Cox的研究小组是通过分析数据来计算微塑料的潜在消耗量的, 故C项正确。3. What is the best title for the text? A. The Potential Problems of MicroplasticsB. Microplastics Coming From Various SourcesC. Micro
62、plastics Found Within Human BodiesD. The Impact of Microplastics on Human Health【解析】选C。主旨大意题。A项: 微塑料的潜在问题; B项: 各种来源的微型塑料; C项: 人体内发现的微型塑料; D项: 微塑料对人体健康的影响。通读全文, 特别是根据第一段Microplastics are everywhere . . . particles each year. (微塑料在我们的环境中无处不在, 在人类身上也发现这些微小的碎片并不奇怪。一项新的研究表明, 美国人每年消耗的微塑料颗粒多达12. 1万个)可知, 本文
63、主要介绍的是研究发现人体内含有大量的微塑料颗粒。由此, 本文最好的题目是Microplastics Found Within Human Bodies。故选C。【微技能点拨】快速定位信息巧解细节理解题本文中第1题为细节理解题, 根据策略解题如下: Step 1 确定题干关键词: “difficult”; “microplastics”; “commonly exist”Step 2 回到原文准定位: Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, including lar
64、ge plastics that break down into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common existence of these materials within the human body, as well as their impact on human health. Step 3对比选项找最佳: 尝试解答D。【语用提能】话题词汇material; absorb; health; source; consumption; compare短语break down
65、; commonly consumed; take sth. into account; cutting down【微语法填空】Microplastics are everywhere in our environment. Its hardly 1. _ (surprise) that the tiny fragments have also been found in humans. Measuring 50 to 500 microns in length, microplastics come from a variety of sources, 2. _ (include) larg
66、e plastics that break down into smaller and smaller pieces. Therefore, much remains unknown about the common 3. _ (exist) of these materials within the human body. A research team led by Kieran Cox, looked at 26 papers assessing the amount of microplastics in commonly consumed food items, 4. _ which
67、 are seafood, sugars, salts, honey, alcohol and water. 5. _ (base) on these data, the researchers calculated that our annual consumption of microplastics ranges from 39, 000 to 52, 000 particles. When microplastics taken in through inhalation are taken 6. _ account, the range jumps to between 74, 00
68、0 and 121, 000 particles per year. The authors of the study found that people who drink 7. _(exclusive) from plastic water bottles absorb 8. _ additional 90, 000 microplastics each year, compared to 4, 000 among those who only consume tap water. The new study was the first to investigate“the accumul
69、ative human 9. _(expose)” to microplastics. For those worried about microplastic consumption, cutting down bottled water is a good place to start, 10. to the heart of the problem, we have to stop producing and using so much plastic. 1. 【解析】surprising。考查形容词。Its hardly surprising that. . . “并不令人吃惊”。 并
70、不令人吃惊的是, 在人体内也发现了那些小碎片。2. 【解析】including。考查非谓语动词。 微塑料的长度为50至500微米, 其来源多种多样, 包括那些被分解成越来越小的碎片的大塑料。3. 【解析】existence。考查名词。the common existence 普遍存在。4. 【解析】 among。考查定语从句。 由Kieran Cox领导的研究小组研究了26篇论文, 评估了常用食品的微塑料含量, 评估的食物包括海鲜, 糖, 盐, 蜂蜜, 酒精和水等食物。which 代指前面的food items, 这些食物中包括, 所以用介词“among”。5. 【解析】 Based。考查过去
71、分词作状语。 “be based on. . . ” “以为基础”所以填Based。 6. 【解析】 into。考查固定搭配。take sth. into account 将考虑在内。 7. 【解析】exclusively。考查副词。该研究的作者发现, 仅仅从塑料水瓶中喝水的人每年还会额外吸收9万微塑料。exclusively 副词修饰动词drink。8. 【解析】an。考查不定冠词“an”, 是泛指(9万微塑料是一份额外的吸收)且additional发音以元音音素开头, 所以用an。 9. 【解析】exposure。考查名词。expose的名词形式是exposure。“累积的对微塑料的接触”
72、。10. 【解析】but。考查连词。 对于那些担心使用微塑料的人来说, 减少瓶装水是一个不错的起点。但是, 问题的根源是我们必须停止生产和使用太多塑料。. 话题与写作阅读下面的短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Recently, a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day-to-day life has mo
73、re meaning than we usually think. One of the things he asks his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they often see what they really value in life. He says our relation with others often becomes clearly defined when money enter
74、s the picture. You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money. If he does, it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before. Or it can suddenly weaken the r
75、elationship if he doesnt. This person may say that he has a certain feeling, but if it is not carried out in the money world, there is something less real about it. Since money is so important to us, we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important. The author interviewed some milliona
76、ires in researching his book. Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much respect. I am nothing. I dont know much. All I am is rich. People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for? How much do I need for any given purposes in my life? In his book, the
77、professor uncovered an important need in modern society: to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an important role in the material world, but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life. _Step 1写作技巧1. 通读全文, 确定体裁, 明确主题体裁: 议论文主题: 钱和生
78、活的意义2. 定位主题句和关键词, 变换表达方式(句式转换)Recently, a professor of philosophy in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day-to-day life has more meaning than we usually think. A US professor has found out the relationship b
79、etween money and the meaning of life. (简单句)Since money is so important to us, we consider those who possess a lot of it to be very important. Money is generally considered very important. (被动句表达)Answer: The most surprising thing is why people give me so much respect. I am nothing. I dont know much.
80、All I am is rich. A millionaire doesnt feel he is very important, because he thinks he is nothing except that he has money. (连接成为复合句)In his book, the professor uncovered an important need in modern society: to bring back the idea that money is an instrument rather than the end. Money plays an import
81、ant role in the material world, but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life. The professors findings reveal that money is a tool rather than the goal, and money is not equal to happiness. (宾语从句)Step 2妙笔成篇A US professor has found out the relationship between money and the
82、 meaning of life. Some people think friendship and good relationship depend on whether you have money and whether you are generous. Money is generally considered very important, but a millionaire doesnt feel he is very important, because he thinks he is nothing except that he has money. The professo
83、rs findings reveal that money is a tool rather than the goal, and money is not equal to happiness. 阅读填句Johannes Gutenbergthe pioneer of the printing pressJohannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure of the past millennium(千年) by the media(媒体). You may not be familiar with him. 1 Gut
84、enberg is praised for having invented the printing press and therefore preparing the way for printing books. He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz, Germany. His early training was in goldsmithing. In 1428, he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years. 2Gutenberg used h
85、is skills in metalwork for the mass production of books. 3That means that each copy of the Catholic bible and all of its 73 books were painstakingly handwritten by penmen. Gutenberg fashioned a font(字体) of over 300 characters, far larger than the fonts of today. To make this possible, he invented th
86、e variable-width mold(模型) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories up to the present century. 4Between 1450 and 1455, while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible, Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books, a calender, and a papal Letter of Indulgence. The
87、 Bible of 42 Lines, the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world, was completed by August 15, 1456. The discovery of the modern printing press changed the way information was delivered. 5Even today in the computer age, we rely heavily on the printed word or text for instruction, informatio
88、n, and for the pleasure of reading literature. A. Gutenberg made the world a much richer place. B. But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways. C. Gutenbergs idea was one of the greatest of all mankind. D. By 1450, Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press. E. In fact, this
89、invention was responsible for educating the masses worldwide. F. Before the spread of Gutenbergs idea, literature was primarily handwritten. G. It was in Strasbourg that he probably made his first experiments with moveable type. 【文章大意】本文是记叙文。约翰内斯古腾堡是西方活字印刷术的发明人, 他的发明对世界知识的传播、文明的演进具有重要影响。1. 【解析】选B。由该
90、空前的You may not be familiar with him以及该空后的描述可知, B项“但是他肯定在某种程度上影响了你的生活”符合此处语境。2. 【解析】选G。由该空前的he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years以及下文的描述可知, 约翰内斯古腾堡可能在斯特拉斯堡用活字做了他的最初的实验。3. 【解析】选F。由该空后的That means. . . were painstakingly handwritten by penmen可知, F项“在古腾堡的想法传播开以前, 文学作品主要是用手抄写的”符合此处语境。4. 【解析】选D。由该段中的Between 1450 and 1455. . . Latin Bible和have printed a number of smaller books以及The Bible of 42 Lines. . . was completed by August 15, 1456可知, 到1450年, 古腾堡回到美茵茨在印刷厂工作。5. 【解析】选E。E项中的this invention与该空前的The discovery of the modern printing press相呼应。关闭Word文档返回原板块