1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家课堂导学基础巩固一、词汇详解1.Now ladies and gentleman,youre about to hear the most incredible tale.女士们、先生们，你们将要听到一个最令人难以置信的故事。要点提示:be about to do sth.意思为“马上就要做某事，正要做某事”，不与表时间的副词或者其他时间状语连用，但是可以用在be about to do sth.when.结构中。典型例句:What am I to tell her when she finds out?一旦她发现了我该怎样对她说呢？Sit down every
2、one.The film is about to start.大家坐下，电影马上开始。相关链接:其他表示将来的用法以及表达方式:（1）be going to表示现在打算在最近或者将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑或者有迹象表明，甚至作了某种准备或者表示非常可能发生。Look,the clouds are gathering.It is going to rain.看，云正在聚集，要下雨了。另外，be going to表示将来，不能用在条件从句的主句中;而will则能，表示意愿。If it is fine,we will go fishing.（正确）If it is fine,we are
3、 going to go fishing.（错误）(2) 在表示“带有意愿色彩的将来”时常用will。在询问对方是否愿意或者表示客气的命令时用will，多用第二人称。They will call you when they arrive there.他们到后，会给你打电话的。(3)表示拟定或者计划中的行为或职责、义务用be to do。We are to meet at the school.我们应该在学校集合。(4)表示即将发生用be about to，不使用表将来的时间状语。Be quiet,the film is about to begin.安静，电影马上就要开始了。(5)表示安排或者
4、计划好的将来的行为，可用go,come,leave,start,arrive等动词的现在进行时表示一般将来时。The man is coming here in ten minutes.那个人10分钟后要来这儿。应用探究单项填空(1)Look at those black clouds,It _ soon.Lets go to the room.Sure.If only we _ out.A.is raining;didnt B.is to rain;wontC.will rain;havent D.is going to rain;hadnt been 解析：天要下雨，不是有计划的，B、C两
5、项不可用;答语的第二分句表示后悔，意思是“要是不出来该有多好”，用虚拟语气，故选D项。答案：D(2)I _ swim when I saw a sign written by the police that meant children under 18 are not allowed to swim without the adults guidance.A.was about toB.wouldC.was going toD.was to解析：本句的主要意思是“正当我要游泳时，我看到了”。B、C、D三项都表示过去将来时，但A项表示更近的将来，意思是“正要、即将”，所以选A项。答案：A(3)
6、If a man _ get success in the future,he must devote himself to what he does.A.willB.is toC.is going toD.should解析：第一分句的意思是说一个人在将来要成功（可能成功）的话，该如何去做。这里并不是纯粹的表示将来，而且表示一种职责可能会做到，只有B项满足这一含义。故选B项。答案：B美诗欣赏BeautyBeauty is in seenIn the sunlight,The trees,the birds,Corn growing and people workingOr dancing fo
7、r their harvest.2.Good morning,sir,would you please come in?Permit me to lead the way,sir.早晨好，先生，请进。先生，请让我来带路吧。要点提示:permit v. 许可，准许;相当于allow。常有下列用法:permit sb.to do sth.,permit+n./pron./doing。典型例句:We dont permit smoking in the meeting room.我们不允许在会议室抽烟。Will you permit me to buy this kind of books?你能允许
8、我买这种书吗？相关链接:permit也作名词，意为“通行证、许可证”;permission许可。Do you pass the driving test and get a permit?你是否通过了驾驶测试并拿到了驾照？You may have my permission to the church.我允许你到教堂去。填空填入正确的动词形式（1）The lake is a very dangerous for young children,of course I dont allow anyone _ (swim).(2) We dont permit _ (play) basketball
9、 in the playground between six and ten in the morning.(3)Today the patients can have the doctors _ (permit) to go home.(4)Time _ (permit),well go to have a picnic at the top of the hill.(5)You cant enter a military base without a _ (permit).答案：（1）to swim(2)playing(3)permission(4) permitting(5)permit
10、3.As a matter of fact,I landed in Britain by accident.实际上，我在英国上岸是偶然的。要点提示:by accident相当于 by chance，意思是“偶然、无意”。典型例句:He was fined for exceeding the speed limit by accident.他因无意中超速被罚款。相关链接:accident 指意外事故或者偶然发生的事件，一般指不幸的事故，特别是车祸、灾害等。incident 多指较小事件、小插曲或者人生中所遇到的虽然小但是有较深印象的平凡事情，也可以指外交和政治方面的重大事件。incident也可
11、以为形容词，意思为“常见的;附带的”，后面跟介词to。event重大的、引人注目的事件。occurrence 表“事件”，通常指日常生活中发生的出乎意料的事情。例如:He told me an incident that took place on his first day.他告诉我他第一天所发生的事情。The reporters cover the events every day.记者每天采访事件。单项填空As is well known to all,head injury is _ to the motorbike _.So it is necessary for the motor
12、bike driver to be careful when driving.A.an incident;incidentB.accident;accidentC.accident;incidentD.incident;accident解析：在摩托车事故中，常有头部受伤的事发生。incident此处为形容词，意思为“常见的、附带的”;accident 指意外事故，一般指不幸的事故，特别是车祸、灾害等。答案：D完成句子A:In some big cities during cold winters,many aged people die from the polluted air by cha
13、nce.B:In some big cities during cold winters,many aged people die from the polluted air .答案：by accident4.Now,if youll excuse me,I think Ill be on my way.好了，如果原谅我，我想我应该上路了。要点提示:excuse v.原谅（人、行为），宽恕，后面跟名词作宾语。excuse 常有如下用法:excuse+sb./sth.+for doing sth.或者excuse ones doing sth.。excuse n.辩解，辩白，借口。后面跟介词fo
14、r作后置定语。典型例句:He made a good excuse for breaking the regulations.他违反规定，却提出堂皇的理由辩解。A bad excuse is worse than no excuse.与其作差劲的辩解，不如不辩解。I will excuse your hurrying to leave the classroom.这次我原谅你匆忙离开教室。The Chinese teacher excused him for being late.=The Chinese teacher excused his being late.语文老师原谅他的迟到。Ex
15、cuse me for hurting your finger by accident.原谅我碰巧弄伤了你的手指。相关链接:表示“对不起”的几种形式：Excuse me用于要走开、插话、问候或表示异议的场合;I am sorry表示自己有过失、用于道歉时，比I beg your pardon更灵活，更具有诚意;Please forgive me是书面语，很正式，一般用在对方情绪难以平息的时候。选择根据故事语境选择短语:Excuse me?I am sorry.Pardon?(1)An little girl comes to the city for the first time,and sh
16、e loses her way to the bus station.Luckily she sees a policeman standing on the road.Then she comes near and says，“_,can you tell me the way to the bus station,please?”(2)In the shop,an old woman buys eggs.She asks:“Whats the price?” “Four yuan one jin.”says the shop assistant in a low voice.“_ Plea
17、se say again,there is something with my ear”.“Four yuan one jin.”the shop assistant says in a so high voice that the other people all watch them two.(3)Little Jim broke the bottle.An hour later,mother came in and asked “Who did it?”Tom said “_.It is I who did it.”答案：(1)Excuse me(2)Pardon?(3)I am sor
18、ry5.I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我为什么衣冠不整的原因了。要点提示:account for对做出解释；做某事的解释;解释某事物的原因。典型例句:Please account for your own behavior.请你对自己的行为作出解释。相关链接:by/from all accounts 根据大家的说法make much/little/no account of对非常重视/轻视/忽视on account of为的理由，为的
19、缘故on no account决不take.into account对加以考虑介词填空(1)Recent pressure at work may account _ his strange behavior.(2) _ no account must you be able to give the police an accurate description of the young fellow working in my company.(3)The late headmaster did not take our basic needs _ account.(4)What a surp
20、rise!The train was late.You see,it is snowing.The train were delayed on account _ the snow.答案：(1)for(2)On(3)into(4)of6.Mr Adams,not until 2 oclock.Promise?亚当斯先生，两点钟以前不要拆信，答应吗？要点提示:promise vt.允诺，承诺;预示典型例句:He has promised to behave better henceforth.他答应从今以后要表现得好些。This year promises to be another good
21、one for harvests.今年看来又是一个丰收年。相关链接:promise n.诺言，预兆，预示注意:promise表“许诺、诺言”时，是可数名词;表“希望;预兆，预示”时，是不可数名词。promising有希望的。完成句子(1)A:I made my promise that I help him no matter what happened.B:I _ _ help him _ happened.(2)A:They are a group of writers of promise in this area and they will go to Beijing for the
22、further study.B:They are a group of _ writers in this area and they will go to Beijing for the further study.答案：(1)promised to;whatever(2)promising7.Well,to be honest,I have none.哦，老实说，我一分钱都没有了。要点提示:to be honest是不定式，但是有时不定式在句子中作为独立结构出现，用来说明说话人的态度。一般来讲，人们已经把这些不定式作为固定词组、固定搭配来运用。典型例句:To be honest,Miss
23、Wang love you all the time even if you desert her.坦白说，即使你抛弃王小姐，她仍然一直爱你。To be honest,he stole your book.老实告诉你，他偷走了你的书本。相关链接:to tell you the truth说句老实话To tell you the truth,I dont think the film is good.说句老实话，我认为这部电影并不好。to be fair说句公道话To be fair,it is not all his fault.说句公道话，这不全是他的错。to be frank坦率地说To
24、be frank,you are lying.坦率地说，你在说谎。英泽汉(1)To tell the truth,if you trust him,you will certainly be taken in._(2)To be honest,Id rather you came to do some shopping.tomorrow than today._(3)To be fair,it is your bad temper and that caused the terrible quarrel._(4)To be frank,try to make use of every oppo
25、rtunity offered to you._答案：（1）说句老实话，如果你相信他，你肯定受骗。（2）坦白说，我宁愿你明天而不是今天来买东西。（3）说句公道话，是你的坏脾气惹的祸。（4）坦率地说，好好利用你遇到的一切机会。8.Oh,this is silly.哎，这太愚蠢了，太可笑了。要点提示:silly adj.傻的，愚蠢的典型例句:This may sound like a silly question,but what is the point of this exercise?也许我问得很傻，可是，这种运动有什么意义?相关链接:foolish,silly 和stupid三个词都含有“
26、蠢”之意，但略有不同，概括起来，相当于汉语中的“愚蠢、傻和笨”;其中stupid意思最强，指智力、理解力和学习能力差，虽然有时与前两词通用;silly指头脑简单、傻头傻脑、可笑;foolish最普通，以上几种情况都可以使用，如：You are foolish to do it.做这种事是愚蠢的。完成句子(1)You _ child,how lovely you are! 你这傻孩子，多么可爱啊！(2)He is _ in learning English.他学英语很笨。(3)You are _ to throw away such a good chance.你真蠢，丢掉这么一个好机会。答案：
27、(1)silly(2)stupid(3)foolish谚语Chiefly the mold of a mans fortunate is in his own hands,no matter he is clever or silly.一个人，不管是否聪明，他的命运，主要由他自己创造。9.It is well-known that many Americans like to eat a lot.Well,we will have to take a chance.许多美国人喜欢吃得多，这是大家都知道的。哦，我们要赌一把了。要点提示:take a chance冒险典型例句:Everyone i
28、n the classroom likes to take a chance.在教室里的每个人都喜欢冒险。Taking chances give us too much pleasure.冒险给我们很大的快乐。相关链接:要注意下列短语:by chance偶然地，无意地leave.to chance将听天由命 stand a good chance大有希望take a chance=take chances碰运气，投机have the chance of.有的可能性选择I _ a chance to get permission from Mr Wang.For I think there is
29、 no chance of in doing it.A.take;succeedB.win;succeedingC.take;succeedingD.win;succeed解析：take a chance的意思是“侥幸，冒险去干某事”，a chance of.意思是“有机会”后跟动名词succeeding，也满足succeeding in doing sth.这一句型，故选C项。答案：C完成句子A:How lucky my brother is!He have a chance to visit the most beautiful city in France.B:How lucky my
30、brother is!He has a chance _ _ the most beautiful city in France.答案：of visiting10.All right,Horace.Ill take care of this.霍勒斯，行了，这儿由我来照应。要点提示:take care of固定短语，照看，照料，处理。典型例句:Who is taking care of the dog while you are away?你不在家时谁照看你的狗。The secretary always took care of the details.细节问题总是由秘书处理。相关链接:look
31、 after;attend to;see to照顾。例如：Dont worry,Ill look after the kids tomorrow.别担心，明天我照顾孩子。They are ill,please attend to them for me.他们病了，请替我照顾他们。You should get a nurse to see to me instead of you.你应当找一个护士来替你照看我。翻译(1)Who will take care of your daughter while you are away?_(2)You could tell just by looking
32、 at the horse that it had been well looked after._(3)I may be lateI have got one or two things to attend to._答案：(1)你不在的时候谁来照顾你的女儿？(2)你只要看一下这匹马就会知道它得到了精心照料。(3)我也许会迟到，我有一两件事情要处理。11.We are so glad that you even entered our little eating place.Indeed,sir,I trust that youll come here whenever you like.我们
33、非常高兴你能走进我们这家小吃店，先生，真的，我相信，您想来的时候，您就会来的。要点提示:indeed adv. 真正地，真实地，确实典型例句:I am indeed very sorry to know you are blamed.得知你被谴责，我真的很难过。A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难朋友才是真正的朋友。相关链接:indeed还有“果然，的确，诚然”之意，常与从句连用。Indeed he is poor,but he is generous.他虽然一贫如洗，但是他仍然很慷慨。I may indeed be lucky to catch him
34、 in.我可能真的很幸运在他家里碰上他。完成句子(1)A:I do be happy to hear the news that our team won the first prize.B:I am _ happy to hear the news that our team won the first prize.(2)A:Although he dislikes the student,he teaches him patiently.B: _ he dislikes the student,he teaches him patiently.答案：(1)indeed(2)Indeed小幽
35、默Jim:Has your father bought some nutriment(营养品)to improve your memory?Tom:Yes.Jim:Well,and what kind of it?Tom:Oh,I cant remember it.二、句型必背 1.You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like.无论您什么时候想来，您想吃点什么，您就一定要来呀。要点提示:whatever pron.有“无论什么”的意思，引导让步状语从句。典型例句:Whatever I suggest,he always d
36、isagrees.无论我提出什么建议，他总是不同意。Dont give up,whatever you do.不论你怎么做都不要放弃。完成句子(1)Jacks dad told him he could have _ for Christmas.杰克的爸爸告诉他圣诞节他要什么礼物都行。(2)_ _ _/_ my wife said,I decided to buy a new tie to go with this brown suit.无论妻子说什么，我决定买一个与褐色西装相称的新领带。答案：(1)Whatever he wanted(2)No matter what/Whatever2.A
37、nd it was the ship that brought you to England.正是那艘船把你带到了英国。要点提示:该句为强调句，其句型结构为“It was+被强调部分+that+句子剩余部分”。典型例句:John might have bought a new book for Mary yesterday.约翰昨天可能为玛丽买了一本新书。改为强调句:It is John that/who might have bought a new book for Mary yesterday.(强调主语)It is a new book that John might have bou
38、ght for Mary yesterday.(强调宾语)It is for Mary that John might have bought a new book yesterday.(强调目的状语)It is yesterday that John might have bought a new book for Mary.(强调时间状语)相关链接:it作形式主语和it引导的强调句的比较it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构;而 it引导的强调句可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分，无论强调什么成分，都要求用连接词 that（强调人的时候可以用 who，whom）。当强调部分
39、是状语的时候也只能用that，不用when，where，how，why等。单项选择(1)As a matter of fact, _is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A.thisB.thatC.thereD.it解析：本题考查句型It is+adj.+（for sb.）to do sth.，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式部分，故选D项。答案：D(2)It was how the young man had learned five foreign languages _ at
40、tracted the audiences interest.A.so thatB.thatC.whatD.in which解析：本题考查强调句It is+强调部分+that，所以选B 项。答案：B(3)Wasnt it Dr Wang who spoke to you just now?_.A.I didnt know he wasB.Yes,it wasC.No,he wasntD.Yes,he did解析：本对话的第一句是强调句的否定式的一般疑问句，其答语也应该是强调句式的，要么Yes，it was要么No，it was not，故选B项。答案：B3.It would be wrong
41、of me not to trust a gentleman such as yourself,sir,even if you do dress in a rather unusual way.先生，要是不相信像你这样的绅士，那我就大错特错了，即使你穿着再奇特一些也没有关系。要点提示:even if 即使，纵使典型例句:Even if Tom has to sell his house,he will support his parents.即使要卖掉汤姆的房子，他也要赡养他的父母。相关链接:even if 与even though 有不同之处:even if 的从句中含有强烈的假定性，而ev
42、en though则多以此从句的内容为前提,事实性较强。Even if he is poor,she loves him.(=He may be poor,yet she loves him.)即使他很穷，她仍然爱他。Even though he is poor,she loves him.(=He is poor,yet she loves him.)虽然他很穷，她仍然爱他。选择填空even ifeven though(1)My manager may be very rich,yet he is very mean with his money=_ my manager is very r
43、ich,he is very mean with his money.(2)My manager is very rich，yet he is very mean with his money=_my manager is very rich,he is very mean with his money.答案：(1)Even if(2)Even though脑筋急转弯(1)How do we know the ocean is friendly?(2)Which can move faster,heat or cold?答案：(1)It waves（起波浪，招手致意）(2)Heat,becau
44、se you can catch cold.（追上冷，患感冒）三、语法解读（一）宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中充当宾语。除谓语动词之后可接宾语从句外，介词、不定式、分词、动名词以及某些形容词的后面也可以带宾语从句。根据关联词性质的不同，宾语从句有如下三类句型:1.that引导的宾语从句要点提示:仅起引导作用，在从句中无句法功能，本身无具体意义，在口语和非正式文体中可省略，不引导介词的宾语从句（except that除外）。典型例句:She took it for granted that you knew the matter.她想当然地认为你知道那件事。The teacher recommend
45、ed that we（should）read the novel.老师建议我们读那篇小说。相关链接:(1)引导宾语从句的连词that 一般可以省去，但是及物动词后面有两个或者以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个连词 that 可以省略。例如:He said (that) the text was very important and that we should write it down.他说课文非常重要，我们应该写下来。（2）insist（坚决要求），suggest（建议）,demand（要求）,order（命令）,propose（建议）等词后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其结构为“should+动词原
46、形”或省略should，仅用动词原形。2.whether 或if 引导的宾语从句要点提示:从句的意思为“是否，能否”,这里的if 从句不可混淆于if（如果，假如）引导的条件状语从句。典型例句:Do you know whether/if any decision has been arrived at？你知道决定是否已经作出了吗？相关链接:（1）whether可构成whether.or not或whether or not.结构，在非正式的场合下，也可能有 if.or not 结构，但没有if or not.结构。(2)介词后的宾语从句须用whether引导，不可用 if引导。3.连接代词和连
47、接副词引导的宾语从句;连接代词有:who,whom,whose,what,which;连接副词有:when,where,how,why等。典型例句:I will tell you why I was late for the meeting.我会告诉你我为什么开会迟到了。相关链接:（1）宾语从句一律用陈述语序。（2）若主句的谓语动词是believe,think,guess,imagine,suppose等表示 “认为、猜想”的词（hope除外），一般要把宾语从句中的否定词转移到主句中去，即“否定转移”。（二）表语从句表语从句在复合句中作主语的表语,位于主句系动词之后。1.that引导的表语从句
48、要点提示:其结构为:主语系动词that从句典型例句:The fact is that he didnt even take the exam.事实上是他连考试都没有参加。What I particularly dislike about this lesson is that it is really boring.我特别不喜欢这课是因为它的确令人乏味。2.wh-疑问词引导的表语从句要点提示:wh-疑问词引导的表语从句作“This is”和“That is”的表语的时候，它们通常不含有疑问意义，而是分别表示具体的地点、时间、原因、方式等等。典型例句:That is why he was lat
49、e for an hour.那就是他迟到一个小时的原因。3.从属连词as if，as though，because，just as引导表语从句要点提示:as if,as though,just as 后都可接虚拟语气。典型例句:It looks as if we will be late.看起来我们似乎会迟到。He looked just as he had looked ten years ago.他看起来还和十年前一样。（从句为虚拟语气结构）相关链接:使用表语从句时应注意的问题:（1）主句的主语是reason时，表语从句要用that，不能用because。例如：The reason why
50、 he was dismissed was that he was careless and irresponsible.他被开除的原因是他工作马虎，不负责任。（2）引导表语从句时可以用whether，不能用if。例如：His first question was whether Tom had arrived yet.他的首要问题是汤姆是否已经到达。单项选择题（1）(2005年天津卷)Elephants have their own way to tell the shape of an object and _ it is rough or smooth.A./B.whetherC.how
51、D.what解析：本句的意思是“大象有自己的方法来判断物体的形状，以及它是粗糙还是光滑”。由or也能断定其前面的连词是whether，故选B项。答案：B（2）(2005年全国卷)The poor young man is ready to accepthelp _ he can get.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever解析：选项中的词在从句中作help的定语，充当形容词，它引导的从句还要作accept的宾语（从句），身兼二职，故而排除A、B 和D三项，选C项。答案：C（3）I think it is going to be a big probl
52、em.Yes,it could be.I wonder _ all of us can do about it.A.ifB.howC.whatD.that解析：最后一句话的意思是“我不知道对于这个问题我们能做点什么”。选项要作do的宾语，它引导的从句同时还要作wonder的宾语（从句），身兼二职，故而排除A、B 和D三项，选C项。答案：C（4）Do you have an idea _ is actually going on in the classroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.which解析：本题的意思是“你知道教室里到底正在进行什么活动”，idea之后跟同位语从句，选项引
53、导同位语从句，还要在从句中作主语，身兼二职，只有B项能满足这一要求。答案：B（5）Last Sunday morning,my dear brother drove his car down the street at _ I thought was a very dangerous speed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that解析：本句的中心结构是“my brother drove his car at a very dangerous speed”。a very dangerous speed 是名词短语，what 在语法上相当于the speed that引起从句，I th
54、ought作为插入语。答案是C。答案：C(6)We all remember _ this sleepless city used to be a deserted place.A.whenB.howC.whereD.what解析：首先从句子结构上看，之后跟宾语从句，从句主系表结构完整，缺少的应是状语，从意义上讲应是时间状语，即我们都记得这座沉睡的城市曾经是一块不毛之地。答案：A(7)Strong will is a kind of qualityand that is _ it takes to do anything well.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.why解析：that
55、 is之后跟表语从句，引导词在从句中作it takes的宾语，只有what能满足这一要求，答案为A。答案：A(8)Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?Oh,that is _.A.what makes me feel excitedB.whatever I feel excited aboutC.how I feel about itD.when I feel excited解析：that is之后跟表语从句，其意思应是那（昨天的游戏）就是让我格外激动的原因，what makes me feel excited符合这一含义，故答案为A。答案
56、：A(9)What the doctor in this hospital really doubt _ is my mother will cover from the serious disease soon.A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why解析：本题意思是:医生怀疑我妈妈能否迅速恢复健康，表示能否这一意义要选C项。答案：C四、课文浓缩下面的一段文章为原文的浓缩，仔细阅读，根据原文章内容将其补充完整，并尽量背诵。This is a most 1 tale,in the summer of 1903,an American businessman named Henry h
57、ad some bad luck.He was carried out to sea by a strong wind and was 2 by a ship before giving up.Then he landed in Britain 3.He earned his 4 by working as an unpaid hand,which 5 his appearance.He was lost in London and no money on him.Nobody knew who he was.When he came to a restaurant,a servant ope
58、ned the door and 6 him to lead the way.Henry 7 a lot of food and ate like a wolf.He asked if the restaurant offered him some kinds of work there.To his surprise,they said yes and gave him a letter with money in it.He couldnt open it until two oclock.Henry thought this was 8.In fact,Henry didnt want 9 but an honest job.He was puzzled at what they did and10 to open it until two oclock.答案：1.incredible2.spotted3.by accident4.passage5.accounted for6.permitted7.ordered8.silly9.charity10.promised高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！