1、Section Word power & Grammar and usage语 言 知 识 初 探根据提示写出下列单词1_ adj.足够的，充足的，丰裕的2_ adj. 非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的3_ n. 保险；保障措施4_ adj. 显然的，显而易见的【答案】1.ample2.casual3.insurance4.obvious看单词学构词后缀ous可构成形容词，“充满的”。如：ridiculous可笑的，generous慷慨的，大方的，harmonious和谐的，dangerous危险的。根据提示补全下列短语1a large amount_大量的2ahead_ 在之前3tur
2、n_ 转向；求助于4answer_ 对负责；保证5adjust_ 适应【答案】1.of2.of3.to4.for5.to根据提示补全下列教材原句1And _ educational products. 这边，在电脑旁边是教育方面的产品。2I was at the dentists last Sunday to _. 上周日我去牙医诊所检查牙齿。3I _ in the waiting room _ a young man entered.我正在候诊室里面坐着，这时一个年轻人走了进来。4_ he was suffering great pain when he talked.显而易见的是，他说话的
3、时候遭受着巨大的痛苦。【答案】1.here, near the computers, are2.have my teeth checked3.was sitting；when4.It was obvious that全 析 重 点 词 汇 a large amount of 大量的(教材P6)A large amount of educational software can also be found here.很多教育软件都可以在这里找到。关于“许多；若干”的短语：(1)可数名词复数(2)可数名词单数单数谓语动词(3)可数名词复数或不可数名词(4)不可数名词Many a famous po
4、p star has been ruined by drugs.很多著名的流行歌星被毒品毁了。Dont spend a great deal of money doing useless things.不要大笔花钱做无用的事情。Quantities of food were on the table yesterday.昨天，桌子上有许多食物。 【导学号：95702005】名师点津a large/small amount of后接不可数名词表示“大量/少量的”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，也可以用“amounts of不可数名词”表示“大量的”，作主语时谓语动词用复数。 as well as既又，
5、不仅还 (教材P6)The most popular ones have cameras and Internet access as well as games and all sorts of other functions.最流行的(手机)除了有游戏和其他各种各样的功能外还可以照相和上网。(1)as well as用作连词，表示“和，又，既(又)，不仅(还)”。常用来连接两个并列成分。它连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词应与as well as前的人称和数保持一致。(2)as well as还可表示“和一样好”。His wife as well as his children was
6、invited to the party.他的妻子和他的孩子们都被邀请参加宴会了。He sings as well as,_if not better than, Mary.他要是唱歌不比玛丽唱得更好，但至少也是一样好。名师点津as well as连接两个并列成分时，侧重前者；not only.but(also).连接两个并列成分时，侧重后者。not only.but(also).连接的并列成分作主语时，句子谓语的数和人称遵循“就近原则”。 ample adj.足够的，充足的，丰裕的(教材P9)I had bought myself a magazine since I had ample t
7、ime to wait.我已买好了一本杂志，因为我有充足的时间等待。(1)ample for足够，充足ample for ones needs 足够应付某人的需要(2)amply adv. 足够的，充足地Thirty dollars will be ample for the purpose.有30美元就足够用的了。His efforts were amply(ample) rewarded.他的努力得到了丰厚的回报。明辨异同ample/enough/abundantample表示某物“充足”得以满足需要。enough普通用词，侧重数量或分量的足够。abundant充裕，表示数量非常多或充足有
8、余。(ample, enough, abundant)There arent enough chairs for everyone.Ample sunshine and rainfall are bringing the crops on nicely.China is abundant with natural resources. casual adj.非正式的，随便的；漫不经心的，不经意的(教材P9)We had a casual conversation in the waiting room.我们在候诊室随便交谈了几句。(1)be casual about对漫不经心(2)casual
9、ly adv. 随便地；不经意地；若无其事地As I know, some American young people seem to be casual about clothes.据我所知，有些美国年轻人对穿着不是很讲究。He walked down the road, casually(casual) swinging his bag.他走在路上，随便地晃着手提包。词汇集训.语境填词1_，he is a cheat；dont be cheated by his _ lie.(obvious)2The factory _ many new _.(produce)3We have _ to
10、the legal aid，because it should be _ to more people.(access)4He _ from asthma.I hate to see him _.(suffer)5The trainer thought _ of Johns _ jump.(high) 【导学号：95702006】【答案】1.Obviously；obvious2.produced；products3.access；accessible4.suffers；suffering 5highly；high.选词填空a large amount of；as well as；refer t
11、o；more than；ahead of；turn to；answer for；adjust to1I finished the work several days _ the deadline.2_ money is spent on the project.3We are _ happy to show you around Beijing.4He never once _ his notes during the speech.5_ Russian, she speaks French very well.【答案】1.ahead of2.A large amount of3.more t
12、han4.referred to5.As well as突 破 重 点 句 式 (教材P9)It_was_obvious_that he was suffering great pain when he talked.很显然，他说话时遭受着巨大的痛苦。【句式分析】该句为复合句。it是形式主语，真正的主语是that从句，其具体结构为：Itbeadj.that从句。用it作形式主语的其他句型：(1)Itben.(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honor等)从句(2)Itvi.(happen，turn out，occur等)从句(3)Itbeadj.(如：strange，nat
13、ural，important，necessary，essential等)从句(4)Itbe过去分词(如：reported，believed，said，announced等)从句It is important that we students should work hard.我们学生刻苦学习是重要的。It occurred to me that I didnt lock the front door.我突然想起前门未锁。名师点津that引导从句时，仅起连接作用，不作成分，也无词义；whether/if引导从句时，有词义，起连接作用，但不作成分；其余的连接代词/连接副词有词义，起引导从句和充当句
14、子成分的双重作用。在“It is strange/natural/important/necessary/essential.that从句”结构中，从句可用虚拟语气，表示某种感情色彩，其谓语动词常用should do或should be done。句式集训翻译句子1他们有可能今天来。(It is possible that.)_2据报道，献血(donating blood)对身体有好处。(It is reported that.)_【答案】1.It is possible that they will come today.2It is reported that donating blood
15、 does good to health.语 法 专 项 突 破及物动词与不及物动词语境领悟阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.2Many different people contributed to the development of TV.3I regret to tell you that your application has been turned down.4On my birthday she gave me a mobile phone as a gift.5It
16、 was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders began using plastic tape.6Who can foresee what the future will bring?7The first public TV broadcasts were made in the USA.8However，most people still benefit from satellite TV.要点精析英语中按动词后可否直接跟宾语，可把动词分成及物动词(transitive verb)与不及物动词(intransitive ver
17、b)。及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整，不及物动词后不能直接跟宾语，若要跟宾语，必须先在其后添加上某个介词，然后再跟宾语。.及物动词及物动词后要接宾语。宾语通常为名词、代词、动名词、不定式或从句。及物动词可以用于“主语谓语宾语”、“主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语”、“主语谓语宾语宾语补足语”结构中。1主语谓语宾语He reached Paris the day before yesterday.(名词)他前天到达巴黎。I found something interesting in the newspaper.(代词)我在报纸上发现了一些有趣的事情。They are practising singi
18、ng the new song.(动名词)他们正在练习唱那首新歌。How did you manage to finish it so soon？(不定式)你怎么这么快就完成了？I believe that the committee will consider our suggestion.(宾语从句)我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。(1)下列及物动词只能用动名词作宾语，而不用不定式：admit(承认)，appreciate(感激)，avoid，consider(考虑)，delay，deny，enjoy，escape，fancy(想象)，finish，forgive，imagine，keep
19、(继续)，mind，miss(想念)，postpone(推迟)，practise，prevent，recall(回忆)，resist，risk，stand(忍受)，suggest(建议)等。(2)下列及物动词只能用不定式作宾语，而不用动名词：afford，arrange，ask，choose，determine，expect，hesitate，hope，long(渴望)，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，threat，wish等。(3)下列及物动词既可以用不定式又可以用动名词作宾语，但意义不同：forget to do sth.忘
20、记要做某事，forget doing sth.忘记做过某事；remember to do sth.记得要做某事，remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事；regret to do sth.遗憾去做某事，regret doing sth.后悔做过某事；stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事，stop doing sth.停止做某事；try to do sth.努力做某事，try doing sth.尝试着做某事；mean to do sth.打算做某事，mean doing sth.意味着做某事。2主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语直接宾语是动词的直接作用对象，通常指事物，间接宾语
21、是事物接受者，通常是人。直接宾语和间接宾语合起来称为“双宾语”。Please hand me the book over there.(me是hand的间接宾语，the book是直接宾语)请把那儿的那本书递给我。当间接宾语位于直接宾语后面时，常在前面加介词to，有时用for。由to引出间接宾语的动词有give，show，pass，lend，take，tell，send，write等；由for引出间接宾语的动词有buy，make，cook，get，sing，read等。I sent an email to my American teacher.我给我的美国老师发了一封电子邮件。He boug
22、ht a present for my daughter.他给我的女儿买了一份礼物。3主语谓语宾语宾语补足语有些及物动词接了宾语之后还需要接宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况，否则句子意思就不完整。宾语和宾语补足语合称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语通常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词或过去分词担任。This concert made her a popular singer overnight.(名词作宾语补足语)这场音乐会使她一夜之间成为深受人们喜爱的歌手。Satellites make TV accessible to people who live far away from
23、 cities.(形容词作宾语补足语)卫星使得远离城市的人们也能接收电视节目。Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.(现在分词作宾语补足语)不好意思让你等这么久。4及物动词的语态大多数及物动词都可以用于被动语态，但有些及物动词不能用于被动语态，如表示“拥有”、“容纳”、“缺少”、“适合”(suit，fit)、“相互作用”(mean，equal等)等就没有相应的被动语态。The railway had been built by the end of last year.这条铁路在去年年底前已经建成了。The blue skirt suits
24、 you very well.这条蓝裙子很适合你。No one equals him in intelligence.他的聪明才智是无与伦比的。.不及物动词不及物动词本身意义已经比较完整，后面不再跟宾语，也不能用于被动语态，但常常带状语。有些不及物动词可与介词、副词搭配组成及物动词短语，后面可接宾语，也可用于被动语态。而有些不及物动词与副词搭配组成的是不及物动词短语。We looked around carefully.我们小心翼翼地四下看了看。She spoke at the meeting yesterday evening.她在昨晚的会议上发了言。The waters rose high
25、er and higher, as a result, more than 1,000 people had to leave their homes.水位升得越来越高，结果1 000多人不得不离开他们的家园。The children are listening to the music.孩子们正在听音乐。I wished that everything would work out as planned.我希望一切事情会像计划的那样顺利进行。.兼作及物动词和不及物动词英语里有些动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。这样的动词又有两种不同的情况：1兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。Shall
26、I begin at once？(begin作不及物动词)我可以立刻开始吗？She began working as a librarian after she left school.(began作及物动词)她毕业后就当图书馆管理员了。2兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不尽相同。Finally, her parents approved of her marriage.最后，她父母同意了她的婚姻。Congress approved the bill.国会批准了这法案。温馨提示有时英语动词的及物和不及物的用法，与汉语的用法不一样，请注意下列两种情况：(1)有的动词在英语里只能用作不及物动词，而
27、在汉语里则可用作及物动词，如arrive“到达”；agree“同意”；listen“听”。英语里这些动词后面常接介词，再接宾语。We arrived at the railway station at noon.我们中午到达火车站。(第一个at不能省去)(比较：We reached the railway station at noon.)Do they agree to the plan?他们同意这个计划吗？(to不可省去)(2)有的动词在英语里能用作及物动词，而在汉语里则不能用作及物动词，如serve“为服务”。Our children are taught to serve the pe
28、ople heart and soul.我们的孩子被教育要全心全意为人民服务。语法过关.单句语法填空1When it comes to _ (speak)in public, no one can match him.2The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without _ (recognized)3Tom has been absent for two days.Do you know what _ (happen)to him?4I avoided _ (meet)him，but somehow bum
29、ped against him.5I cant stand _ (work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _ (stop)talking while she works.【答案】1.speaking2.being recognized3.has happened4.meeting5.working；to stop.单句改错1Please help with me and give me some advice._2Although weve been delighted to have you as neighbors, were
30、hoping to settle something that bothers to us._3Then everyone in the carriage began searching the ticket，which was eventually found under a seat several rows from its owner._4We can lie on the grass for a rest，or sit by the lake listening music._5To begin with，all of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only when we have a real need._【答案】1.删除with2.删除bothers后的to3searching后加for4.listening后加to5.删除第二个to
