1、英语：Unit 1 Great scientists 知识点复习（新人教版必修5）1. put forward: 提出（计划、建议等）；将提前；把钟表拨快e.g. He put forward a good plan for this project. 他为这项工程提出了一个好的方案。The match has been put forward to 1:30. 比赛已经提前到一点半举行。Put the clock forward by ten minutes. 把钟表拨快十分钟。【词语联想】 put away: 收起来；贮存，储蓄 put down: 放下；写下，记下 put off: 推迟
2、；延期 put on: 穿上；增加；上演（戏剧）e.g. put on weight: 增加了体重put on a new play: 上演新戏剧 put up: 张贴；撑开（帐篷）e.g. put up a poster: 张贴海报put up a tent: 搭起帐篷 2. conclude: v. 作结论，断定e.g. The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。conclusion: n. 结论【习惯用语】 draw a conclusion 作出结论 3. defeat vt.打败, 击败, 战胜； 使(希望, 计划等)失败, 挫败
3、; 阻挠, 使无效e.g. He finally conceded . 他最终承认了。 区别: defeat, conquer, overcome defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。 conquer指“征服”、”战胜”,特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”,如:e.g. conquer nature 征服自然。 overcome指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”尤指“感情”而言, 如:e.g. overcome difficulties 克服困难。 4. attend: v.1) to be present at; go t
4、o (meeting, conference, lecture.) 出席；参加e.g. He decided to attend the meeting himself. 他决定亲自赴会。2) to look after, care for, serve 照顾；看护。e.g. Which doctor is attending to (on) you? 哪位医生护理你？3）to go with 伴随e.g. The work was attended with much difficulty. 这项工作带来许多困难。 5. expose.to.e.g. Dont expose your ski
5、n to the sun for too long.不要使你的皮肤暴露在太阳光下太长时间。They had to be exposed to the enemys gunfire.他们不得不冒着敌人的炮火。 6. blame sb. for sth. 因为某事责备某人e.g. He blamed the boy for his mistake. be to blame: 应受责备，应负责任Who is to blame for the mistake？这个错误应归咎于谁？ 7. in addition: 除此之外，另外, 意思相当于 besides, whats moree.g. I paid
6、 100 Yuan in addition. 我又付了 100 元。In addition to English, he has to study a second language.除了英语以外，他还要学习第二外国语。 区别: in addition to, except, besides,beside in addition to：除之外，还有，表示递进关系。e.g. The company provided the workers with free lunch in addition to paid holidays. 这家公司为员工们提供带薪假期，还有免费午餐。 except: 除之
7、外，表示在整体中排除，e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外, 所有人都收到了请柬. besides表示“除了以外，还有”，与in addition to 同义，e.g. Besides Mr Wang, we also went to see the film.王先生也去了。We all agreed besides him.我们都同意, 他也同意。 beside : 在旁边。表示方位。e.g. Lily sits beside me in class. 莉莉在班上做我旁边。 同义句转换1）He speaks French as we
8、ll as English.e.g. He speaks French in addition to/besides English.2) Apart from the salary, its not a bad job.e.g. In addition to/Except the salary, its not a bad job. 8. announce: 公布；宣告e.g. He announced his decision. 他宣布了他的决定。 9. absorb v.1) 吸收 A sponge absorbs water. 海绵吸水。【习惯用语】2）专心于 be absorbed in sth: 专心的，全神贯注的The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. 这个小姑娘正在全神贯注的阅读一篇故事。 10. challenge n.挑战; 挑战书; 邀请比赛; 要求决斗 vt. 向.挑战, 要求, 怀疑 ; vi. 挑战, 对(证据等)表示异议e.g. meet the serious 面对严峻